US2870221A - Production of 1:1:3-trialkoxyprop-2-ene - Google Patents
Production of 1:1:3-trialkoxyprop-2-ene Download PDFInfo
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- US2870221A US2870221A US478516A US47851654A US2870221A US 2870221 A US2870221 A US 2870221A US 478516 A US478516 A US 478516A US 47851654 A US47851654 A US 47851654A US 2870221 A US2870221 A US 2870221A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 ALKALI METAL ALKOXIDE Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229950000188 halopropane Drugs 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- CBMSDILKECEMOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;2-methylpropan-1-olate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)C[O-] CBMSDILKECEMOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007033 dehydrochlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229960005235 piperonyl butoxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CUQOHAYJWVTKDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;butan-1-olate Chemical compound [K+].CCCC[O-] CUQOHAYJWVTKDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JYCDILBEUUCCQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;2-methylpropan-1-olate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)C[O-] JYCDILBEUUCCQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-4-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2C\C=C\CO DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZQRUTPFWHOHJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,1-dibutoxyprop-2-enoxy)butane Chemical compound C(CCC)OC(C=C)(OCCCC)OCCCC BZQRUTPFWHOHJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQSGNDQBIGEKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[1,1-bis(2-methylpropoxy)propoxy]-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)COC(CC)(OCC(C)C)OCC(C)C OQSGNDQBIGEKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006359 acetalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001944 continuous distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006704 dehydrohalogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004198 guanidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000789 guanidine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PJJJBBJSCAKJQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].NC(N)=[NH2+] PJJJBBJSCAKJQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MKNZKCSKEUHUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;butan-1-ol Chemical compound [K+].CCCCO MKNZKCSKEUHUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013014 purified material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- SEEPANYCNGTZFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfadiazine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=NC=CC=N1 SEEPANYCNGTZFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004306 sulfadiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C43/30—Compounds having groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the production of 1 :1s3-trialkoxyprop 2-enes.
- the process for the production of a 1:1:3-trialkoxyprop-2-ene comprises reacting a 1:l:3-trialkoxy-2-halopropane with an alkali metal alkoxide of 4-8 carbon atoms in solution in an alkanol of 48 carbon atoms, the alkoxide and the alkanol each having a straight chain of at least 3 carbon atoms.
- the 1:1:3-trialkoxy-2-halopropanes used as starting materials in the present invention are suitably prepared from acrolein by the steps of reacting it with an aqueous hypo-halogenous acid, for instance with an aqueous solution of chlorine or bromine, distilling the product in the presence of steam and thereafter reacting the formed ahaloacrolein with an alkanol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form the acetal.
- an aqueous hypo-halogenous acid for instance with an aqueous solution of chlorine or bromine
- the alkali metal alkoxide is employed as a solution in the corresponding alkanol and preferably also this corresponds to the alkoxy groups in the starting material.
- an alkali metal butoxide is employed and it has also been found that the potassium alkoxides react more quickly than the sodium compounds.
- l:1:B-tri-n-butoxyprop-Z-ene or 1:1:3-triisobutoxyprop-Z-ene is prepared by the dehydro-chlorination of the corresponding 1:1:3tributoxy-2-halopropane with potassium n-butoxide in n-butanol or potassium isobutoxide in isobutanol respectively at a temperature of about 120-130 C.
- the use of the specified alkoxides in solution in the corresponding alkanol permits the use of reaction temperatures in excess of about 100 C. without recourse to the use of pressure. contains suspended inorganic salts and the use of the specified alkoxides allows the step of water washing of the product as hereinafter described.
- the dehydrohalogenation of the 1:1:3-trialkoxy-2-halopropane in accordance with the present invention is suitably carried out at an elevated temperature, for example l00160 C. and preferably of about 120-140 C.
- an elevated temperature for example l00160 C. and preferably of about 120-140 C.
- the 1:1:3-trialkoxy-2-halopropane and the alkali metal alkoxide in solution in-the corresponding alkanol are mixed together and heated to an elevated temperature of about 120140 C. for instance a 100% excess, in order to obtain a reasonable reaction rate.
- the reaction product contains suspended inorganic Moreover the reaction mixture.
- the trialkoxypropene is isolated from the reaction product by the step of treating the mixture with a limited amount of water so that all the metal halide dissolves and a separate aqueous phase is formed, and recovering the trialkoxypropene from the alcohol phase.
- the alkali metal alkoxide is hydrolysed during this treatment and the alkali metal hydroxide formed passes almost completely into the aqueous phase, leaving a solvent phase which is substantially free from inorganic compounds.
- the water used could, if desired, contain some acid which would neutralise some or all of the excess alkali. Preferably a slight deficiency of acid would be employed so that the final mixture remained alkaline. It is preferred that the amount of water employed should be merely just sufficient to dissolve the metal halide formed in the reaction. The use of a large excess of water should be avoided when using an alkanol which has an appreciable water miscibility.
- the trialkoxypropene may be recovered from the alcohol phase by distilling 01f the alkanol for example under reduced pressure.
- trialkoxyprop-Z-enes of the present invention are valuable intermediates and for example react with ami-' dine compounds, such as guanidine, to give Z-substituted pyrimidines, such as Z-aminopyrimidine, Z-Amino-pyrimidine is itself an important intermediate in the production of sulfadiazine.
- 1:1:3-Trialkoxyprop-2-enes are also intermediates for photographic sensitizers, for which purpose they are condensed with a suitable pyrrole base according to British Patent 696,646.
- w./W. stands for Weight by weight
- parts by weight bear the same relation to parts by volume as do kilograms to litres.
- an x% w./w. solution contains x parts by weight of solute in 100 parts by weight of solution.
- Example 1 A mixture of 147.3 parts by weight of 2-chloro-1:1:3- tri-n-butoxypropane (0.5 molar proportion) and a 30% w./w. solution of potassium n-butoxide (1 molar proportion) in n-butanol was refluxed for 9 hours. The cooled product was extracted with 320 parts by volume of water and the washed oil layer was then distilled at 100 mm. mercury pressure to remove n-butanol and a little dissolved Water. The remaining oil was subsequently, distilled at 10-12 mm. mercury pressure without fractionation, to give a distillate containing 1:1:3-tri-n-butoxyprop-Z-ene (0.41 mole) in about purity.
- the 2-chloro-1:1:3-tri-n-butoxypropane used as starting material in the present example may be prepared as follows: I
- m-chloroacrolein obtained by reacting acrolein with aqueous hypochlorous acid andsteam distilling the resultant a-chloro-fi-hydroxy-propionaldehyde, is heated with an excess of n-butanol in the presence of a catalytic quantity of concentrated sulfurie acid,'while azeotropi- I eall y removing the water of reaction.
- Example 3 A 35% w./w. solution of sodium isobutoxide in isobutanol containing 1 mole of sodium isobutoxide was refluxed for 8 hours with 145 parts by weight of crude 2-chloro-1: 1 :3-tri-iso-butoxypropanecontaining about 4% of 2-chloro-1:1-di-isobutoxy-prop-Z-ene.
- the cooled reaction product was extracted with water (500 parts by volume), the oil layer stripped free from isobutanol, and the residual material distilled, without fractionation at 12 mm. mercury pressure.
- the distillate contained 0.29 mole of 1 :1:3-tri-isobutoxyprop-2-ene.
- Example 4 A 4.19% w./w. solution of acrolein in water was passed countercurrently with chlorine through a glass vertical reactor tube of capacity 20 parts by volume. The temperature of the reaction was maintained in the range -10 C. by means of brine coolant passing through a coil inside the reactor. The acrolein solution was fed at parts by volume per hour and the chlorine at such a rate-that the product overflowing contained a small excess of chlorine and no acrolein.
- the product from the chlorhydrination was then fed at 10 parts by volume per hour to the head of a threeplate continuous distillation column.
- the plates of the column were modified so that at the feed rate employed the residence time of the liquid on each was /2 hour; the residence time of the liquid in the kettle was also /2 hour.
- the column was surmounted by a phase-separat ing stillhead, from which the heavier a-chloracrolein layer was continuously withdrawn while the aqueous layer was returned to the head of the column.
- the aqueous solution overflowing continuously from the kettle was run to waste.
- a mixture of 4.525 parts by weight of a-chloracrolein, 22.2 parts by weight of isobutanol and 0.27 part by weight of concentrated sulphuric acid was fed to the mid-point of a continuous fraotionating column, provided with a decanting stillhead. From the stillhead the water-rich lower layer of isobutanol/Water azeotrope was removed, whilst the upper isobutanol-rich layer was returned to the column. The dehydrated product from the base of the still was allowed to overflow into a second kettle, the feed rate being such that the total time of residence in the system was 4 hours.
- the mixture was fed to the mid-point of a continuous fractionating column, from the head of which was distilled ofi a quantity of isobutanol equivalent to (a) the unchanged isobutanol from the acetalisation process and (b) a further quantity required to increase the concentration of the isobutoxide from 21 to 35% by weight.
- the overflow from the still kettle passed to a second kettle and this feed rate was such that the total residence time in the system as. 6 ho s.
- Example 5 A mixture of 2-chloro-1:1:3-tri-isobutoxypropane (73.7 parts by weight) and a solution of potassium (19.5 parts by weight) in Z-ethylhexanol (325 parts by weight) was refluxed for 6 hours. The base temperature was 194.
- a process for the production of a 1:1:3-tria1koxyprop-Z-ene which comprises reacting at an elevated temperature a 1:1:3-trialkoxy-Z-chloro-propane with an alkali metal alkoxideot 4 to 8 carbon atoms in solution in an alkanol of 4 to 8 carbon atoms, the alkoxide and the alkanol each having a straight chain of at least 3 carbon atoms, wherein the product resulting from the reaction is treated with suflicient water to hydrolyze any excess alkoxide and to form an aqueous phase containing the formed alkali metal halide in solution and an alkanol phase, and recovering the 1:1:3-trialkoxyprop-2-ene from the alkanol phase.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Description
United States Patent PRODUCTION OF 1:1:3-TRIALKOXYPROP-2-ENE Reginald Harold Hall, Sutton, and Archibald Robert Graham, Richmond, England, assignors to The Distillers Company Limited, Edinburgh, Scotland, a British company No Drawing. Application December 29, 1954 Serial No. 478,516
Claims priority, application Great Britain January 13, 1954 9 Claims. (Cl. 260-615) The present invention relates to a process for the production of 1 :1s3-trialkoxyprop 2-enes.
According to the present invention the process for the production of a 1:1:3-trialkoxyprop-2-ene comprises reacting a 1:l:3-trialkoxy-2-halopropane with an alkali metal alkoxide of 4-8 carbon atoms in solution in an alkanol of 48 carbon atoms, the alkoxide and the alkanol each having a straight chain of at least 3 carbon atoms.
The 1:1:3-trialkoxy-2-halopropanes used as starting materials in the present invention are suitably prepared from acrolein by the steps of reacting it with an aqueous hypo-halogenous acid, for instance with an aqueous solution of chlorine or bromine, distilling the product in the presence of steam and thereafter reacting the formed ahaloacrolein with an alkanol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form the acetal.
It has been found that the crude mixture of acetals produced in this manner can advantageously be employed in the process of the present invention.
Preferably the alkali metal alkoxide is employed as a solution in the corresponding alkanol and preferably also this corresponds to the alkoxy groups in the starting material. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention an alkali metal butoxide is employed and it has also been found that the potassium alkoxides react more quickly than the sodium compounds.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention l:1:B-tri-n-butoxyprop-Z-ene or 1:1:3-triisobutoxyprop-Z-ene is prepared by the dehydro-chlorination of the corresponding 1:1:3tributoxy-2-halopropane with potassium n-butoxide in n-butanol or potassium isobutoxide in isobutanol respectively at a temperature of about 120-130 C.
The use of the specified alkoxides in solution in the corresponding alkanol permits the use of reaction temperatures in excess of about 100 C. without recourse to the use of pressure. contains suspended inorganic salts and the use of the specified alkoxides allows the step of water washing of the product as hereinafter described.
The dehydrohalogenation of the 1:1:3-trialkoxy-2-halopropane in accordance with the present invention is suitably carried out at an elevated temperature, for example l00160 C. and preferably of about 120-140 C. Suitably the 1:1:3-trialkoxy-2-halopropane and the alkali metal alkoxide in solution in-the corresponding alkanol are mixed together and heated to an elevated temperature of about 120140 C. for instance a 100% excess, in order to obtain a reasonable reaction rate.
The reaction product contains suspended inorganic Moreover the reaction mixture.
In practice an excess, of the alkoxide is necessary 2,870,221 I Patented Jan. 20, 1959- halide as well as excess alkali metal alkoxide and according to the preferred embodiment of our invention the trialkoxypropene is isolated from the reaction product by the step of treating the mixture with a limited amount of water so that all the metal halide dissolves and a separate aqueous phase is formed, and recovering the trialkoxypropene from the alcohol phase. The alkali metal alkoxide is hydrolysed during this treatment and the alkali metal hydroxide formed passes almost completely into the aqueous phase, leaving a solvent phase which is substantially free from inorganic compounds. The water used could, if desired, contain some acid which would neutralise some or all of the excess alkali. Preferably a slight deficiency of acid would be employed so that the final mixture remained alkaline. It is preferred that the amount of water employed should be merely just sufficient to dissolve the metal halide formed in the reaction. The use of a large excess of water should be avoided when using an alkanol which has an appreciable water miscibility.
The trialkoxypropene may be recovered from the alcohol phase by distilling 01f the alkanol for example under reduced pressure.
The trialkoxyprop-Z-enes of the present invention are valuable intermediates and for example react with ami-' dine compounds, such as guanidine, to give Z-substituted pyrimidines, such as Z-aminopyrimidine, Z-Amino-pyrimidine is itself an important intermediate in the production of sulfadiazine. 1:1:3-Trialkoxyprop-2-enes are also intermediates for photographic sensitizers, for which purpose they are condensed with a suitable pyrrole base according to British Patent 696,646.
In the examples the abbreviation w./W. stands for Weight by weight, and parts by weight bear the same relation to parts by volume as do kilograms to litres. Thus, an x% w./w. solution contains x parts by weight of solute in 100 parts by weight of solution.
Example 1 A mixture of 147.3 parts by weight of 2-chloro-1:1:3- tri-n-butoxypropane (0.5 molar proportion) and a 30% w./w. solution of potassium n-butoxide (1 molar proportion) in n-butanol was refluxed for 9 hours. The cooled product was extracted with 320 parts by volume of water and the washed oil layer was then distilled at 100 mm. mercury pressure to remove n-butanol and a little dissolved Water. The remaining oil was subsequently, distilled at 10-12 mm. mercury pressure without fractionation, to give a distillate containing 1:1:3-tri-n-butoxyprop-Z-ene (0.41 mole) in about purity. Fractionation of this distillate afforded the cisand transisomers of the tributoxypropene. The pure trans-isomer had a boiling point of 157/8 mm.', and refractive index 11 1.4380; the main bulk of the cis-isomer still contained a little of the trans-compound.
The 2-chloro-1:1:3-tri-n-butoxypropane used as starting material in the present example may be prepared as follows: I
m-chloroacrolein, obtained by reacting acrolein with aqueous hypochlorous acid andsteam distilling the resultant a-chloro-fi-hydroxy-propionaldehyde, is heated with an excess of n-butanol in the presence of a catalytic quantity of concentrated sulfurie acid,'while azeotropi- I eall y removing the water of reaction. f
, B mb e? p A mixture of a 35% w./w. solution of ota i m game-2.1
- 3 isobutoxide (1 molar proportion) in isobutanol and 2- chloro-lz3 tri-isobutoxypropane (0.5 molar proportion) was refluxed for 8 hours. The cooled reaction product was washed with 300 parts by volume of water, the oil layer separated, and the isobutanol distilled ofi from it at about 100 mm. of mercury pressure. The residual oil was flash-distilled at 10-12 mm. of mercury pressure to give a distillate containing 1:1:3-tri'isobutoxyprop-Z-ene (0.39 molar proportion), from which the pure tri-isobutoxypropene was recovered by fractionation. The purified material had a boiling point 138/ 13.5 min, and refractive index n 1.4321.
Example 3 A 35% w./w. solution of sodium isobutoxide in isobutanol containing 1 mole of sodium isobutoxide was refluxed for 8 hours with 145 parts by weight of crude 2-chloro-1: 1 :3-tri-iso-butoxypropanecontaining about 4% of 2-chloro-1:1-di-isobutoxy-prop-Z-ene. The cooled reaction product was extracted with water (500 parts by volume), the oil layer stripped free from isobutanol, and the residual material distilled, without fractionation at 12 mm. mercury pressure. The distillate contained 0.29 mole of 1 :1:3-tri-isobutoxyprop-2-ene.
Example 4 A 4.19% w./w. solution of acrolein in water was passed countercurrently with chlorine through a glass vertical reactor tube of capacity 20 parts by volume. The temperature of the reaction was maintained in the range -10 C. by means of brine coolant passing through a coil inside the reactor. The acrolein solution was fed at parts by volume per hour and the chlorine at such a rate-that the product overflowing contained a small excess of chlorine and no acrolein.
The product from the chlorhydrination was then fed at 10 parts by volume per hour to the head of a threeplate continuous distillation column. The plates of the column were modified so that at the feed rate employed the residence time of the liquid on each was /2 hour; the residence time of the liquid in the kettle was also /2 hour. The column was surmounted by a phase-separat ing stillhead, from which the heavier a-chloracrolein layer was continuously withdrawn while the aqueous layer was returned to the head of the column. The aqueous solution overflowing continuously from the kettle was run to waste. Under steady conditions, 2.637 parts by weight a-chloracrolein were obtained per 40 parts by volume of feed, this being a 97.4% yield of the m-chloracrolein based on acrolein fed to the chlorhydrination.
A mixture of 4.525 parts by weight of a-chloracrolein, 22.2 parts by weight of isobutanol and 0.27 part by weight of concentrated sulphuric acid was fed to the mid-point of a continuous fraotionating column, provided with a decanting stillhead. From the stillhead the water-rich lower layer of isobutanol/Water azeotrope was removed, whilst the upper isobutanol-rich layer was returned to the column. The dehydrated product from the base of the still was allowed to overflow into a second kettle, the feed rate being such that the total time of residence in the system was 4 hours. 24.03 parts by weight of this crude product containing approximately equal weights of the mixed acetals (1:123-tri-isobutoxy-Z-chloropropane, 1:1- di-isobutoxy-Z-chloroprop-Z-ene) and unchanged isobutanol was mixed with 61 parts by Weight of 21% w./w.
potassium isobutoxide/isobutanol solution. The mixture was fed to the mid-point of a continuous fractionating column, from the head of which was distilled ofi a quantity of isobutanol equivalent to (a) the unchanged isobutanol from the acetalisation process and (b) a further quantity required to increase the concentration of the isobutoxide from 21 to 35% by weight. The overflow from the still kettle passed to a second kettle and this feed rate was such that the total residence time in the system as. 6 ho s.
When steady conditions hadbeen established, 25.26 parts by weight of product from the second kettle were stirred mechanically with 12.15 parts by weight of Water. The upper oil layer which separated was then passed through a climbing film evaporator at about 40 parts by volume per hour with a wall temperature of about and an internal pressure of 17 mms. of mercury. There was thus obtained a distillate (16.91 parts by weight) consisting mainly of isobutanol and a residue of 7.87 parts by weight. Of the residue, 7.74 parts by weight was continuously distilled at a pressure of 116-130/5 mms. of mercury. The distillate (6.35 parts by weight) contained, by analysis, 58.7% by weight of 1:1:3-tri-isobutoxyprop-Z-ene, the yield being 57.6% of theory from ct-chloracrolein.
Example 5 A mixture of 2-chloro-1:1:3-tri-isobutoxypropane (73.7 parts by weight) and a solution of potassium (19.5 parts by weight) in Z-ethylhexanol (325 parts by weight) was refluxed for 6 hours. The base temperature was 194.
The cooled product was washed with water (250 parts by volume) and distilled under reduced pressure, three fractions being collected as follows:
(1) Boiling point ca. 40/ 10 mm. of mercury (2) Boiling point 5274/0.7 mm. of mercury (3) Boiling point 74-160/0.7 mm. of mercury The non-aqueous portion of fraction (1) was combined with fraction (2) giving 300 parts by weight of material containing 2.5% by weight of fi-alkoxyacrolein acetal (calculated as fl-isobutoxyacrolein di-isobutyl acetal). Fraction (3) (67.9 parts by weight) contained 67.5% by weight of the acetal and the total yield was thus 82.7% of the theoretical.
The residue from the distillation and the water-washings were analysed for chloride ion: the amount found showed that dehydrochlorination had been 99.5% complete.
Portions of fraction (3) were condensed with guanidine hydrochloride when Z-aminopyrimidine was obtained in 94% yield (based onthe purity of 67.5
We claim:
1. A process for the production of a 1:1:3-tria1koxyprop-Z-ene which comprises reacting at an elevated temperature a 1:1:3-trialkoxy-Z-chloro-propane with an alkali metal alkoxideot 4 to 8 carbon atoms in solution in an alkanol of 4 to 8 carbon atoms, the alkoxide and the alkanol each having a straight chain of at least 3 carbon atoms, wherein the product resulting from the reaction is treated with suflicient water to hydrolyze any excess alkoxide and to form an aqueous phase containing the formed alkali metal halide in solution and an alkanol phase, and recovering the 1:1:3-trialkoxyprop-2-ene from the alkanol phase.
2. A process according'to claim 1 for the production of 1:1:3-tri-n-butoxyprop-2-ene wherein 1:1:3-tri-n-butoxy-Z-chloropropane is reacted with potassium n-butoxide in n-butanol solution.
3. A process according to claim 1 for the production or" 1:1z3-tri-isobutoxy-prop-Z-ene wherein 1:1:3-triisobutoxy-2-chloropropane is reacted with potassium isobutoxide in iso-butanol solution.
4. A process for the production of a 1:1:3-trialkoxyprop-Z-ene in accordance with claim 1 wherein the 1:1:3- trialkoxy-2-chloropropane is contained in the crude product obtained by treating tz-chloro-acrolein with a theoretical excess of the alkanol in the presence of a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid at an elevated temperature while azeotropically removing the Water of reaction.
5. A process according to claim 1 wherein the alkali metal alkoxide is an alkali metal butoxide.
6. A process according to claim 1 wherein the alkali metal alkoxide is a-potassium alkoxide.
7. A process according to claim 1 wherein the reaction 6 is carried out using the alkali metal alkoxide in solution References Cited in the file of this patent in the corresponding alkanol. UNITED STATES PATENTS 8. A process according to claim 1 wherein the alkoxy 2288-211 Schulz et a1. June 30 1942 groups of the startmg material correspond to those of the alkoxide and the alkanoi. 5 2374078 cofiman "T 1945 9. A process according to claim 1 wherein the reac- OTHER REFERENCES tio i carried out a temperature in the range to McElvain et al.: J. A. c. 5., vol. 64 (1942 p. 1966.
160 C. Fieser et al.: Organic Chemistry (1950), p. 59.
Claims (1)
1. A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A 1:1:3-TRIALKOXYPROP-2-ENE WHICH COMPRISES REACTING AT AN ELEVATED TEMPREATURE A 1:1:3-TRIALKOXY-2-CHLORO-PROPANE WITH AN ALKALI METAL ALKOXIDE OF 4 TO 8 CARBON ATOMS IN SOLUTION IN AN ALKANOL OF 4 TO 8 CARBON ATOMS, THE ALKOXIDE AND THE ALKANOL EACH HAVING A STRAIGHT CHAIN OF AT LEAST 3 CARBON ATOMS, WHEREIN THE PRODUCT RESULTING FROM THE REACTION IS TREATED WITH SUFFICIENT WATER TO HYDROLYZE ANY EXCESS ALKOXIDE AND TO FORM AN AQUEOUS PHASE CONTAINING THE FORMED AKLALI METAL HALIDE IN SOLUTION AND AN ALKANOL PHASE, AND RECOVERING THE 1:1:3-TRIALKOXYPROP-2-ENE FROM THE ALKANOL PHASE.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2870221X | 1954-01-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2870221A true US2870221A (en) | 1959-01-20 |
Family
ID=10916863
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US478516A Expired - Lifetime US2870221A (en) | 1954-01-13 | 1954-12-29 | Production of 1:1:3-trialkoxyprop-2-ene |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2870221A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2991233A (en) * | 1959-07-24 | 1961-07-04 | Shell Oil Co | Purification of alpha, beta-unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes |
| US4812593A (en) * | 1986-08-27 | 1989-03-14 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Preparation of bifunctional compounds |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2288211A (en) * | 1938-05-19 | 1942-06-30 | Chemical Marketing Company Inc | Process for the production of betaalkoxyaldehydes |
| US2374078A (en) * | 1940-11-18 | 1945-04-17 | Du Pont | Vinyl compounds and polymers therefrom |
-
1954
- 1954-12-29 US US478516A patent/US2870221A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2288211A (en) * | 1938-05-19 | 1942-06-30 | Chemical Marketing Company Inc | Process for the production of betaalkoxyaldehydes |
| US2374078A (en) * | 1940-11-18 | 1945-04-17 | Du Pont | Vinyl compounds and polymers therefrom |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2991233A (en) * | 1959-07-24 | 1961-07-04 | Shell Oil Co | Purification of alpha, beta-unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes |
| US4812593A (en) * | 1986-08-27 | 1989-03-14 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Preparation of bifunctional compounds |
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