Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
  • C11D1/526—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 are polyalkoxylated
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/65—Mixtures of anionic with cationic compounds
  • C11D1/655—Mixtures of sulfonated products with alkylolamides of carboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/34—Organic compounds containing sulfur
  • C11D3/3418—Toluene -, xylene -, cumene -, benzene - or naphthalene sulfonates or sulfates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/28—Sulfonation products derived from fatty acids or their derivatives, e.g. esters, amides

Definitions

• the present invention relates to detergent compositions, and more particularly to controlled sudsing heavy duty liquid detergent compositions which have phase stability on storage.
• Powdered detergent compositions are generally prepared by spray drying or drum drying, which are costly operations. When used in washing, the powdered detergent compositions must be dissolved to form dilute aqueous washing solutions. This step of dissolving or dispersing the powdered detergent compositions in the wash water is time consuming. Frequently, the powdered detergent compositions are difiicultly dispersed, since they may tend to form lumps. Powdered detergent compositions, moreover, tend to vary greatly in density unless particular care is taken in their preparation.
• powdered detergent compositions may be difficult to dispense, since they sometimes clog the orifices of a dispenser.
• powdered detergent compositions have a tendency to cake at high humidities upon standing intheir own containers.
• powdered detergent compositions being normally sold in cardboard containers, are subject to spilling and waste in the event an open container is accidentally knocked over. Furthermore, their dustiness may be bothersome, particularly to persons who suffer from dust allergies.
• a heavy duty liquid detergent must be homogeneous in composition at the time of addition to the washing machine in order to insure that the washing solution will contain the proper ratio of ingredients.
• the consumer buys a detergent product after it has been subjected to various temperatures and conditions of storage between the time of production and arrival on the dealers shelves. These various storage conditions have greater adverse eifect on a liquid product containing a delicately balanced active detergent and cellulosic suspension than on a detergent powder.
• a heavy duty liquid detergent designed for use in both horizontal (front loading) and upright (top loading) washing machines must have acceptable sudsing and loading horizontal tumbler type automatic washers, these products foam profusely causing the tumbler to fill or overflow with dense suds. These dense suds impede the washing action by interfering with the free fall of clothes in the tumbler and may strain the working parts of the machine to cause slowing or stalling, further impeding washing action, and causing excessive wear of machine parts.
• the housewife is inclined to reduce usage level in order to eliminate this excess sudsing. The amount of product thus used is frequently insufficient to wash elfectively or to provide the desired level of optical brightener.
• a low-sudsing detergent product will produce no suds coverage when used in an upright washing machine. This lack of suds coverage does not obscure the dirty water from view and leads to the impression that too little product was used. The consumer may add more product in an attempt to obtain suds coverage. Such overuse of the product is uneconomical and may be reflected in failure of the consumer to repurchase.
• compositions of the invention consist essentially of aqueous suspensions of various components as further identified below.
• compositions contain as an active detergent component potassium dodecylbenzene sulfonate in an amount from about 2% to about 3%.
• the potassium dodecylbenzene sulfonate supplies a portion of the foaming and ponent which is used in an amount from about 22.5% to about 25% supplies the heavy duty detergent feature of the liquid and imparts good soil removal properties thereto.
• compositions also contain from about 2% to about 3% of an alkali metal xylene sulfonate, such as sodium xylene sulfonate or potassium xylene sulfonate.
• an alkali metal xylene sulfonate such as sodium xylene sulfonate or potassium xylene sulfonate.
• Patented Nov. 11, 1958' Thexylene sulfonate acts as a hydrotrope in solubilizing the. active detergent components of thecompositions in the presence of a considerable amount of the polyphosphate and any other inorganic materials.
• coconut oil fatty acids i. e., the naturally occurring mixtureof. fatty acidspresent incoconut oil, as well as about 1% of the-condensation product of one moleof lauric monoethanolamide with one mole of'ethylene oxide, and about 1% of triethanolamine.
• compositions ofthe invention also contain a'pair of cellulosic'soil suspending agents which form a uniform, stable suspension therein even under adversev storage conditions
• Thispair ofcellulosic soil suspending agents consists of. about 0.3% 'offsodium carboxymethylceliulose and about 0.7% of Methocel.
• the sodium carboxymethylcellulose contains. 0.7 mole of carbox-ymethyl groups. peranhydroglucose unit. Methocel. is a trade namefor methylcel'lulose of.
• compositions 25 centipoise viscosity in a acids, the condensation product of one mole of lauric monoethanolamide with one mole of ethylene oxide the triethanolamine, and any optical brighteners, and tetrapotassium pyrophosphate.
• the compositions are completed by the adjustment with alkali to a pH of about 12 followed by the addition of the alkali metal silicates.
• the controlled sudsing heavy duty liquid detergent compositions of the invention having, phase stability on storage and suds stability on usagewill be further illustrated by the following examples.
• compositions of the invention were prepared'as were other compositions in which various components-of the compositions of the invention were omitted in order to demonstrate forcefully the criticality of the presence of the various components in thecompositions.
• These compositions are set forth below in Table I wherein Compositions X, X, and X" are the compositions of the invention containing various optional components, namely sodium silicate, potassium hydroxide; andi fluorescent dye, while Compositions A through F arezcomparative: compositions wherein various components ofthecompmsitions of the invention were omitted.
• the remaining essential component of the heavy duty liquid detergent compositions is water which-servesas a solvent for the soluble components thereof.
• .theheavy duty liquid detergent compositions may contain minorportions of an alkali, such as potassium hydroxide, to neutralize any excess acid impurities present in V the components of the compositions.
• minor portionsof' compatible perfumes, fluorescent dyes, optical brighteners,.alkali metal silicates, and other desirable adjuvants may be added to the compositions.
• a water-soluble alkali metal silicate is added to the compositions, the pH thereof must be adjusted to about 12. by the addition of free alkali, such as potassium hydroxide, to keepthe silicate in solution.
• free alkali such as potassium hydroxide
• silicates include the-sodium or potassium silicates having the.
• alkali to silica ratios 1:3.92, 1:3.44, 1:3.25, 1:2.5, 1:2.4, 1:2.0, 1:1.8, and 1:1.
• alkali metal silicate Generally, about 3% of the alkali metal silicate is employed.
• the amount of perfumes, fluorescent dyes, and optical brighteners, is'quitesmall and generally is about 0.1% or less.
• the controlled sudsing heavy duty liquid detergent compositions of. the invention may be prepared bymixing the components thereof together in the aqueous medium. Heat. maybe-conveniently utilized during the mixing of the components toincrease the rate of dissolution thereof.
• a preferred methodfor the preparation of the compositions isthe addition of the pair of cellulosic soil suspending agents to hot water followed by cooling to form an aqueous suspension thereof and the addition to the cellulosic suspension of an aqueous solution of the potassium-dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the alkali metal xylene sulfonate, the sodium tallow methyl taurate, the coconut oil fatty Compositions X, X, and X" of the invention asgwelL as various comparative compositions were testedfor phase stability under various conditions of storage.
• compositions X, X, and X of the invention 30 the criticality of the components in the compositions of had lower total ratings, and hence better phase stability, the invention.
• 0.25 gram of than did any of the comparative compositions with the the detergent compositions were each added separately exception of Composition X versus Composition F. to l00 ml. of Water 1n 500 m1 glass stopped graduated Composition F, however, does not have the requisite cylinders.
• compositions of vtheinvention would norinvention, mally be used in automatic washers in which the water
• various other components of the compositions 40 would Contall ⁇ Soil
• one p 0f oil was fiof the invention were omitted therefrom, unstable com-
• Composltlon X of the positions were also obtained.
• the phase stability test V li a W as COmP IH HS A through F Set forth was also run for compositions containing both less and above 111 Table data 011 11115 Suds stablllty test more of the tetrapotassium pyrophosphates, i.
• compositions of the invention are concerned with a system of suds which are controlled to a lower level than is desired for non-automatic washers, so that the importance of the data set forth above in Table III lies not in a comparison of the total suds volume, but rather in a comparison of the suds stability or change in suds volume over a period of time.
• compositions of the invention The controlled nature of the suds produced by the compositions of the invention is evident from the following data in Table IV below wherein 2.6 ounces of Compositions X, X, and X were separately added to 8 gallons of water containing soil and the height of suds on the port of a horizontal or front loading Bendix Washer observed at 3, 6, 9 and 12 minutes during the washing cycle.
• fractions refer to the portion of the port coveredby the suds.
• a controlled. sudsingyheavy duty liquid detergent composition which has phase stability. on storage and suds stability-in usage consisting essentially of. an aqueous suspension of: from' about2% to about 3% ofpotassium dodecylbenz'ene sulfonate, abo.uti5% of sodium-tallow methyl taurate, from about 2%" to about 3% offanjalkali metal. xylene sulfonate,
• compositions of the mvention provide for the first t1me m0 6 of ethylene Oxide about 1% condensation product of one mole of lauric monoethanolamide with one mole of ethylene oxide, about 1% of triethanolamine, about 0.3% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, about 0.7% ofmethylcellulose, and from about 22.5% to. about'25% of tetrapotassium pyrophosphate.
• a controlled sudsing heavy duty liquid detergent composition which has phase stability on storage and suds stability in usage consisting essentially of an aqueous suspension of about 2% of potassium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, about 3.5% of sodium tallow methyl taurate, about 2% of sodiumxylene'sulfonate, about 1% of coco nutnoilfatty. acids, about.
• composition as set forth in claim 2 containing about 3% of an alkali metal silicate and having a pH of about 12.
• composition as set forth in claim 2 having a pH of about 12.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=24705109

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (6)

Citations (5)

• 0
  • BE BE569765D patent/BE569765A/xx unknown
• 1957
  • 1957-07-25 US US674048A patent/US2860107A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1958
  • 1958-07-24 DE DEU5485A patent/DE1093033B/de active Pending

Patent Citations (5)

Also Published As

Similar Documents