US2858872A - Means and method for applying tension to sheet metal - Google Patents

Means and method for applying tension to sheet metal Download PDF

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US2858872A
US2858872A US458197A US45819754A US2858872A US 2858872 A US2858872 A US 2858872A US 458197 A US458197 A US 458197A US 45819754 A US45819754 A US 45819754A US 2858872 A US2858872 A US 2858872A
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panel
plate
sheet metal
force
solder
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US458197A
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Everett D Hougen
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
    • B21D1/12—Straightening vehicle body parts or bodies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49799—Providing transitory integral holding or handling portion

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device and a method for applying tension to sheet metal panels such as might be required, for example, in straightening a panel. It is an object of this invention to provide a device which is adapted to be firmly secured to a sheet metal panel and adapted for applying force to the panel in a direction generally parallel to the plane of the panel.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device and a method for straightening a sheet metal panel by applying tension thereto effectively and without bending or creasing the panel at the point of application of the tension.
  • a further object of the invention resides in the provision of a device which is readily adapted to be firmly secured to a portion of a sheet metal panel which defines a curved plane or which is spaced inwardly from the edges of the sheet metal panel without defacing the panel such as by forming holes therein.
  • Fig. l is a view show an arrangement which includes one form of the device of this invention and the manner in which the devices may be used for applying tension to a sheet metal panel such as an automobile top.
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of one of. the devices shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the lines 33 in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a portion of the arrangement shown in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a modified form of the device according to the present invention.
  • Fig.. 6 is a view illustrating the manner in which the device of Fig. 5 may be secured to a sheet metal panel to be straightened and before the force is applied thereto.
  • Fig. 7 is a view illustrating the arrangement of Fig. 6 after force is applied to the device shown therein.
  • Fig. 8 is a view illustrating the manner in which the device shown in Fig. 5 may be utilized for straightening a sheet metal panel adjacent a sharply curved portion thereof.
  • FIG. 10 there is generally shown at 10 the top panel of an automobile body which is being straightened utilizing the meansand the method of the present invention.
  • the devices of the present invention which are designed to be secured to a sheet metalpanel are illustrated at 12.
  • Each of these devices comprises a flat steel plate 14 to the centre portion of which is secured a threaded stud 16.
  • the device also includes a sleeve 18 provided on one side thereof wtih a threaded bearing member 20 engaged with the threads of stud 16.
  • Bearing 20 is secured to sleeve 18 as by a welding at 22.
  • Bearing 20 is disposed such that when threadedly engaged with stud 16, the axis of sleeve 18 is inclined slightly, preferably about 7, to the plane of plate 14.
  • connection between stud 16 and bearing 20 is in the nature of a swivel which enables sleeve 18 to rotate about the stud 16 as an 2,858,872 i atented Nov. 4, 1958 ice
  • Sleeve 18 is provided with a plurality of longitudinally spaced and diametrically aligned openings 24.
  • the sleeves 18 are adapted to receive the opposite cylindrical end portions 26 of a hydraulic jack '28.
  • the cylindrical members 26 are provided with axially spaced openings 30 therein, a pair of which are adapted to be aligned with a set of the openings 24' in each of the members 12.
  • a pin or bolt 32 extends through the aligned openings 24 and 30 to connect the members 12 with the opposite ends of jack 28.
  • the members 12 are designed to be secured to a sheet metal panel such as is illustrated at 10 by soldering.
  • the plate 14 is provided with a substantially flat lower face 34.
  • the face 34 of plate 14 may be soldered to the surface of a sheet metal panel such as indicated at 10 readily and in a very simple manner.
  • The'surfaces of the panel 10 to which the members 14 are to be soldered and the faces 34 of the members 14 are first cleaned and then tinned with solder.
  • a thin layer of solder preferably about /8 to 10, in thickness is applied to the tinned portion of the panel.
  • the plate 14 and the panel are heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of the solder and the plate is pressed firmly into the layer of the solder on the sheet metal panel.
  • the heat of the plate 14 raises the temperature of the solder layer such that the excess solder is squeezed out from between these members and forms a bead around the periphery of plate 14 such as is indicated at 36.
  • the panel and plate are then quenched with water.
  • a very thin layer of solder 38 remains between the panel 10 and the face 34 of plate 14. This thin layer of solder provides a very firm bond between plate 14 and panel 10.
  • the cylindrical ends 26 of the jack 28 may be interengaged with the sleeves 18 and pressure may be applied to the jack. This applies lateral forces to the members 12 in opposite directions. These forces are transmitted to the panel 10 through the plates 14, and the portion of the panel between the two plates 1'4 is thus placed in tension. If the panel is bent between these two plates 14, it will tend to straighten as the tension is applied.
  • the inclination of the axis of bearing 20 to the axis of sleeve 18 enables the application of a lateral force to a sheet metal panel in a direction slightly inclined to the plane of the panel. Under most conditions in straightening sheet metal panels, it is desirable to apply the force to the panel in a direction inclined towards or away from theplane of the panel rather than. in a. direction parallel to the panel. Most automobile panels are not perfectly flat. They are slightly or sharply curved.
  • Figs. 5 through 8 a modified form of the invention is illustrated.
  • the plate 40 of the device 39 that is adapted to be soldered to a sheet metal panel is relatively thin and flexible as distinguished from soldered to the sheet metal panel.
  • a sleeve 18 such as previously described is swively connected to the plate 40 by the stud 16 which is threaded into bar 42 at one end and into bearing 20 at its other end.
  • bearing 20 may be disposed such that its axis is perpendicular to p the axis of sleeve 18.
  • the plate 40 may be attached to a sheet metal panel by soldering in substantially the same'manner as described above With reference to the plate 14. However, in the case of the plate 40, only the end portion 44 is This is illustrated clearly in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. The soldered portion is indicated at 46 in Figs. 6 and 7 and at 48 and 50 in Fig. 8.
  • the portion 44 of plate 40 may be formed with openings 47 through which the excess solder may be squeezed.
  • FIG. 6 the device illustrated in Fig. 5 is shown soldered to a bent sheet metal 52 which is desired to be straightened. Only one of the devices 39 p is illustrated. After the plate 40 is soldered as at 46 to the panel 52, one of the ends 26 of the hydraulicjack is secured to the sleeve 18. Before pressure is applied to the jack, the plate 40 will lie generally flat against the panel 52 assuming, of course, that the portion of panel 52 underlying plate 40 is also generally flat (Fig. 5).
  • the slight clearance between these members enables the plate 40 to flex upwardly away from the plane of panel 52 at the portion 54 adjacent the soldered section 46 and downwardly towards plate panel 52 at the portion 56 of plate 40 (Fig. 6).
  • the plate is enabled to warp away from the underlying plate 52.
  • plate such as shown at 14 or if the plate 40 were soldered 1 throughout its area to the plate 52, the inevitable cocking of the device 39 when the force is applied would tend flexibility of plate 40 together with the fact that it is soldered to the underlying panel only at the end portion 44 thereof eliminates this difiiculty.
  • the provision of the device 39 with the flexible tension plate 40 also enables attachment of the device to a sharply curved metal panel Q panel which comprises the steps of attaching only one end portion of one face of a thin and flexible sheet metal plate to and in coplanar engagement with a surface portion of the panel at an area spaced from the distorted portion thereof, said attachment being eflected by soldering said face portion of the plate flatwise to said surface portion of 4 the panel with solder having a melting point substantially lower than the melting point of the panel, detachably securing to the opposite end of the plate one end of a force applying member, anchoring the opposite end of the force applying member relatively to the panel, applying to the soldered joint between the plate and the panel by means of said force applying member a force in shear to straighten the distorted portion of the panel, relieving the joint of said force and then removing said plate from the panel by heating the plate to a temperature above the melting temperature of the solder and below the melting temperature of the panel.
  • the method of straightening a distorted sheet metal panel which comprises the steps of attaching only one end portion of one face of a thin and flexible sheet metal plate to and in coplanar engagement with a surface portion of the panel at an area spaced from the distorted portion thereof, attaching only one end portion of one face of a second thin and flexible sheet metal plate to and in coplanar engagement with another surface portion of the panel on the opposite side of the damaged portion thereof, said plates being attached to said panel by soldering said face portions of the plates flatwise to said surface portions of the panel with solder having a melting point substantially lower than the melting point of the panel, extending a force applying member from the free end of one of said plates to the free end of the other plate and connecting said force applying member to said free ends, applying to the soldered joints between said plates and thepanel by means of said force applying member a force in shear to straighten the distorted portion of the panel. relieving the joints of said force and then removing said plates from the panel by heating the plates to a temperature above the melting temperature of the solder and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Straightening Metal Sheet-Like Bodies (AREA)

Description

Nov. 4, 1958 E. D. HOUGEN 2,853,872
MEANS AND METHOD FOR APPLYING TENSION TO SHEET METAL Filed Sept. 24, 1954 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.
[Viki-"77 0. #0061 /V BY 1 ,444 M ATTOR/VfYS Nov. 4, 1958 E. D. HOUGEN 2,353,872
MEANS AND METHOD FOR APPLYING TENSION TO SHEET METAL Filed Sept. 24, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.
BY W MX MQEKM A TI'O/P/VA VS MEANS AND METHOD FOR APPLYING TENSION TO SHEET METAL Everett D. Hougen, Flint, Mich.
Application September 24, 1954, Serial No. 458,197
4 Claims. (Cl. 153-32) This invention relates to a device and a method for applying tension to sheet metal panels such as might be required, for example, in straightening a panel. It is an object of this invention to provide a device which is adapted to be firmly secured to a sheet metal panel and adapted for applying force to the panel in a direction generally parallel to the plane of the panel.
Another object of the invention is to provide a device and a method for straightening a sheet metal panel by applying tension thereto effectively and without bending or creasing the panel at the point of application of the tension.
A further object of the invention resides in the provision of a device which is readily adapted to be firmly secured to a portion of a sheet metal panel which defines a curved plane or which is spaced inwardly from the edges of the sheet metal panel without defacing the panel such as by forming holes therein.
In the drawings:
Fig. l is a view show an arrangement which includes one form of the device of this invention and the manner in which the devices may be used for applying tension to a sheet metal panel such as an automobile top.
Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of one of. the devices shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the lines 33 in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a portion of the arrangement shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a modified form of the device according to the present invention.
Fig.. 6 is a view illustrating the manner in which the device of Fig. 5 may be secured to a sheet metal panel to be straightened and before the force is applied thereto.
Fig. 7 is a view illustrating the arrangement of Fig. 6 after force is applied to the device shown therein.
Fig. 8 is a view illustrating the manner in which the device shown in Fig. 5 may be utilized for straightening a sheet metal panel adjacent a sharply curved portion thereof.
Referring to Figs. 1 through 3, there is generally shown at 10 the top panel of an automobile body which is being straightened utilizing the meansand the method of the present invention. The devices of the present invention which are designed to be secured to a sheet metalpanel are illustrated at 12. Each of these devices comprises a flat steel plate 14 to the centre portion of which is secured a threaded stud 16. The device also includes a sleeve 18 provided on one side thereof wtih a threaded bearing member 20 engaged with the threads of stud 16. Bearing 20 is secured to sleeve 18 as by a welding at 22. Bearing 20 is disposed such that when threadedly engaged with stud 16, the axis of sleeve 18 is inclined slightly, preferably about 7, to the plane of plate 14. The connection between stud 16 and bearing 20 is in the nature of a swivel which enables sleeve 18 to rotate about the stud 16 as an 2,858,872 i atented Nov. 4, 1958 ice Sleeve 18 is provided with a plurality of longitudinally spaced and diametrically aligned openings 24. The sleeves 18 are adapted to receive the opposite cylindrical end portions 26 of a hydraulic jack '28. The cylindrical members 26 are provided with axially spaced openings 30 therein, a pair of which are adapted to be aligned with a set of the openings 24' in each of the members 12. A pin or bolt 32 extends through the aligned openings 24 and 30 to connect the members 12 with the opposite ends of jack 28.
The members 12 are designed to be secured to a sheet metal panel such as is illustrated at 10 by soldering. Thus, the plate 14 is provided with a substantially flat lower face 34. The face 34 of plate 14 may be soldered to the surface of a sheet metal panel such as indicated at 10 readily and in a very simple manner. The'surfaces of the panel 10 to which the members 14 are to be soldered and the faces 34 of the members 14 are first cleaned and then tinned with solder. A thin layer of solder preferably about /8 to 10, in thickness is applied to the tinned portion of the panel. Thereafter, the plate 14 and the panel are heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of the solder and the plate is pressed firmly into the layer of the solder on the sheet metal panel. The heat of the plate 14 raises the temperature of the solder layer such that the excess solder is squeezed out from between these members and forms a bead around the periphery of plate 14 such as is indicated at 36. The panel and plate are then quenched with water. A very thin layer of solder 38 remains between the panel 10 and the face 34 of plate 14. This thin layer of solder provides a very firm bond between plate 14 and panel 10.
After the members 12 are secured to the panel 10 as described, the cylindrical ends 26 of the jack 28 may be interengaged with the sleeves 18 and pressure may be applied to the jack. This applies lateral forces to the members 12 in opposite directions. These forces are transmitted to the panel 10 through the plates 14, and the portion of the panel between the two plates 1'4 is thus placed in tension. If the panel is bent between these two plates 14, it will tend to straighten as the tension is applied.
1 have found that when the plates 14 are secured to a sheet metal panel as described, it requires a lateral force of approximately 2,000 pounds per square inch to break the joint between the plate 14 andthe panel. Thus, it will be appreciated that even a relatively small plate such as shown at 14 when secured to the panel as described is capable of withstanding a tremendous force before the bond between the plate and the panel is broken. For. example, if the plate 1.4 has. an area of say'6 square inches, a lateral force of approximately 12,000 pounds may'be applied to the plate 14' before the bond between the plate and the panel is broken. The device of this invention therefore provides a very convenient means. for applying a lateral force to a sheet metal. panel under circumstances where it is impracticable or impossible to fasten a jaw type clamp to the panel.
The inclination of the axis of bearing 20 to the axis of sleeve 18 enables the application of a lateral force to a sheet metal panel in a direction slightly inclined to the plane of the panel. Under most conditions in straightening sheet metal panels, it is desirable to apply the force to the panel in a direction inclined towards or away from theplane of the panel rather than. in a. direction parallel to the panel. Most automobile panels are not perfectly flat. They are slightly or sharply curved.
In Figs. 5 through 8, a modified form of the invention is illustrated. In this modification, the plate 40 of the device 39 that is adapted to be soldered to a sheet metal panel is relatively thin and flexible as distinguished from soldered to the sheet metal panel.
40 is preferably of rectangular shape; and at one end thereof, there is secured a reinforcement 42 in the form of a metal bar. The bar 42 may be simply welded across one end of plate 40 but is preferably secured to the plate by bending the plate around the bar 42 as illustrated and then Welding. A sleeve 18 such as previously described is swively connected to the plate 40 by the stud 16 which is threaded into bar 42 at one end and into bearing 20 at its other end. In this form of the invention, bearing 20 may be disposed such that its axis is perpendicular to p the axis of sleeve 18.
The plate 40 may be attached to a sheet metal panel by soldering in substantially the same'manner as described above With reference to the plate 14. However, in the case of the plate 40, only the end portion 44 is This is illustrated clearly in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. The soldered portion is indicated at 46 in Figs. 6 and 7 and at 48 and 50 in Fig. 8.
If desired, the portion 44 of plate 40 may be formed with openings 47 through which the excess solder may be squeezed.
Referring now to Fig. 6, the device illustrated in Fig. 5 is shown soldered to a bent sheet metal 52 which is desired to be straightened. Only one of the devices 39 p is illustrated. After the plate 40 is soldered as at 46 to the panel 52, one of the ends 26 of the hydraulicjack is secured to the sleeve 18. Before pressure is applied to the jack, the plate 40 will lie generally flat against the panel 52 assuming, of course, that the portion of panel 52 underlying plate 40 is also generally flat (Fig. 5). However, after force is applied to the plate 40 through the member 26 and sleeve 18, the slight clearance between these members enables the plate 40 to flex upwardly away from the plane of panel 52 at the portion 54 adjacent the soldered section 46 and downwardly towards plate panel 52 at the portion 56 of plate 40 (Fig. 6).
Thus, because of the inevitable slight clearance between i the members 26 and 18 and because of the direction in which the force is applied to the plate, the plate is enabled to warp away from the underlying plate 52.
Under such circumstances, if the plate 40 were a rigid to crease the panel 52 inwardly along one edge of plate 1 40 and upwardly at the opposite edge of plate 40. The
. plate such as shown at 14 or if the plate 40 were soldered 1 throughout its area to the plate 52, the inevitable cocking of the device 39 when the force is applied would tend flexibility of plate 40 together with the fact that it is soldered to the underlying panel only at the end portion 44 thereof eliminates this difiiculty. The provision of the device 39 with the flexible tension plate 40 also enables attachment of the device to a sharply curved metal panel Q panel which comprises the steps of attaching only one end portion of one face of a thin and flexible sheet metal plate to and in coplanar engagement with a surface portion of the panel at an area spaced from the distorted portion thereof, said attachment being eflected by soldering said face portion of the plate flatwise to said surface portion of 4 the panel with solder having a melting point substantially lower than the melting point of the panel, detachably securing to the opposite end of the plate one end of a force applying member, anchoring the opposite end of the force applying member relatively to the panel, applying to the soldered joint between the plate and the panel by means of said force applying member a force in shear to straighten the distorted portion of the panel, relieving the joint of said force and then removing said plate from the panel by heating the plate to a temperature above the melting temperature of the solder and below the melting temperature of the panel.
2. The method .called for in claim 1 wherein the plate is soldered to the panel by tinning said one face portion of the plate with said solder and tinning and applying a layer of said solder to said area of the panel, heating said layer of solder to the plastic state and simultaneously heating said plate to a temperature above the melting temperature of the solder, pressing said plate while so heated into said plastic layer of solder and immediately quenching the soldering joint thus formed by applying water directly against said plate while it is held pressed against the panel.
3. The method of straightening a distorted sheet metal panel which comprises the steps of attaching only one end portion of one face of a thin and flexible sheet metal plate to and in coplanar engagement with a surface portion of the panel at an area spaced from the distorted portion thereof, attaching only one end portion of one face of a second thin and flexible sheet metal plate to and in coplanar engagement with another surface portion of the panel on the opposite side of the damaged portion thereof, said plates being attached to said panel by soldering said face portions of the plates flatwise to said surface portions of the panel with solder having a melting point substantially lower than the melting point of the panel, extending a force applying member from the free end of one of said plates to the free end of the other plate and connecting said force applying member to said free ends, applying to the soldered joints between said plates and thepanel by means of said force applying member a force in shear to straighten the distorted portion of the panel. relieving the joints of said force and then removing said plates from the panel by heating the plates to a temperature above the melting temperature of the solder and below the melting temperature of the panel.
4. The method called for in claim 3 wherein said plates are soldered to the panel with the free ends thereof extending generally in opposite directions and force is applied to said plates so that the portion of the panel therebetween is tensioned.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS
US458197A 1954-09-24 1954-09-24 Means and method for applying tension to sheet metal Expired - Lifetime US2858872A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3015353A (en) * 1958-11-24 1962-01-02 Spencer H Ferrell Clamp for body jack
US3108629A (en) * 1961-09-14 1963-10-29 Vance J Jenkins Body clamp
US3416353A (en) * 1965-11-08 1968-12-17 Richard S. Hopkins Hood and deck tool to assist in the repair of automobile hoods and deck lids
US3427850A (en) * 1966-02-07 1969-02-18 Jacob Anton Sheet metal stretching tool
US4885925A (en) * 1988-12-09 1989-12-12 Place Steven C Strap for automotive body working
US4916793A (en) * 1988-08-02 1990-04-17 Charles J. Kuhn Straightening of unibody frames

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US312607A (en) * 1885-02-24 Apparatus for straightening sheet metal
US682785A (en) * 1900-06-21 1901-09-17 W S Nott Company Leather-stretching device.
US1908067A (en) * 1928-12-14 1933-05-09 Nat Electric Prod Corp Support for ducts
US2022795A (en) * 1931-10-22 1935-12-03 Murray Corp Method of brazing joints and the like
US2081698A (en) * 1933-10-04 1937-05-25 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Brake pipe holding means
US2165503A (en) * 1935-02-04 1939-07-11 Blackhawk Mfg Co Portable hydraulic metal straightening machine
US2295996A (en) * 1940-10-02 1942-09-15 Lewis P Lauffenburger Space adjuster
US2332368A (en) * 1940-08-02 1943-10-19 Gibson Electric Refrigerator Process of soldering
US2385388A (en) * 1943-01-23 1945-09-25 Pittsburgh Equitable Meter Co Bearing seal
US2608730A (en) * 1948-08-21 1952-09-02 Killius William Clamp having a swiveled traction connection
US2734549A (en) * 1956-02-14 thorley
DK53591A (en) * 1984-06-05 1991-03-25 American Cyanamid Co PROCEDURES FOR COMBATING PLANT Nematodes

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US312607A (en) * 1885-02-24 Apparatus for straightening sheet metal
US2734549A (en) * 1956-02-14 thorley
US682785A (en) * 1900-06-21 1901-09-17 W S Nott Company Leather-stretching device.
US1908067A (en) * 1928-12-14 1933-05-09 Nat Electric Prod Corp Support for ducts
US2022795A (en) * 1931-10-22 1935-12-03 Murray Corp Method of brazing joints and the like
US2081698A (en) * 1933-10-04 1937-05-25 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Brake pipe holding means
US2165503A (en) * 1935-02-04 1939-07-11 Blackhawk Mfg Co Portable hydraulic metal straightening machine
US2332368A (en) * 1940-08-02 1943-10-19 Gibson Electric Refrigerator Process of soldering
US2295996A (en) * 1940-10-02 1942-09-15 Lewis P Lauffenburger Space adjuster
US2385388A (en) * 1943-01-23 1945-09-25 Pittsburgh Equitable Meter Co Bearing seal
US2608730A (en) * 1948-08-21 1952-09-02 Killius William Clamp having a swiveled traction connection
DK53591A (en) * 1984-06-05 1991-03-25 American Cyanamid Co PROCEDURES FOR COMBATING PLANT Nematodes

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3015353A (en) * 1958-11-24 1962-01-02 Spencer H Ferrell Clamp for body jack
US3108629A (en) * 1961-09-14 1963-10-29 Vance J Jenkins Body clamp
US3416353A (en) * 1965-11-08 1968-12-17 Richard S. Hopkins Hood and deck tool to assist in the repair of automobile hoods and deck lids
US3427850A (en) * 1966-02-07 1969-02-18 Jacob Anton Sheet metal stretching tool
US4916793A (en) * 1988-08-02 1990-04-17 Charles J. Kuhn Straightening of unibody frames
US4885925A (en) * 1988-12-09 1989-12-12 Place Steven C Strap for automotive body working

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