US285490A - jowitt - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheqts--She' J. J OWITT.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING 0B SATURATING PAPER FELT, &c.

No. 285,490. Patented Sept. 25;188

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J. J OWITT.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING 0R SATURATING PAPER FELT, &c

No. 285,490. Patented Sept. Z5, 18

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UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE. Y

JOSIAH JOWITT, OF SUMMIT, NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING OR SATURATING PAPER, FELT, 80C.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 285,490, dated September 25, 1883.

7 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSIAH J owrrr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Summit, in the county of Union and State of New J ersey, have invented certain Improvements in Apparatus for Treating or Saturating Paper, Felt, or other Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a machine for use IO in the manufacture of carbolized paper, antitarnish paper, roofing-felt, and other fabrics which require to be saturated with any liquid and afterward dried. In this machine the paper or other fabric,in a continuous sheet or roll, is passed first through a tank containing the desired liquid, then between heated pressure-rolls, and then around one or more heated drlyiingcylinders, and is finally wound into a r0 Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical longitudinal mid-section of my improved machine arranged for treating tissuepaper or other fragile fabric by absorption. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing the machine arranged for the manufacture of three-ply roofing-felt. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary side elevation of the frame supporting the pressure-rolls. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are similar views to Fig. 4, showing modifications; and Fig. 8 is a fragmentary transverse section cut in the plane of the line 8 8 in Fig. 2. Referring chiefly to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A designates a tank to receive the coating or 3 5 saturating liquid or compound,and A a steamcoil or other suitable means of heating the same.

B B is the framing of the machine. C G are the heated pressure-rolls, and D is a dryingcylinder. The rollers G O are geared together, are driven by any suitable means, are pressed forcibly together by screws or otherwise, and are heated, preferably, by admitting steam to their interiors. The cylinder D is heated in the same manner. There may be one, two, or

more of these cylinders, according to circumstances.

E is a roll of untreated fabric, a a the web of the same which is undergoing treatment, 5 and F the roll of fabric which has been treated. From the roll E the fabric passes first over a Application filed December 30, 1882. (No model.) Patented in England July 25, 1882, No. 3.539.

roller, b, then under a tension-roller, G, then over another roller, 0, then down inside the tank A, to near the bottom thereof, around a roller, cl, then up over a second tension-roller, H, thenbetween the rolls 0 C, then over another roller, 6, then around the cylinder D, then over another roller, f, and finally is wound upon the roll F.

The tension-roller G is a somewhat freelysuspended roller, which is upheld by the web of fabric, and by its weight keeps the same smoothly distended and causes it to properly enter the tank. XVhenever the web of the fabric is longer along one edge than the other, this roller compensates for such unevenness by assuming an inclined position, its end, which rests upon thelonger edge of the fabric, sinking lower than its other end. Thus the fabric, although hneven, is kept uniformly distended, and enters the tank straight and without wrinkles.

I have shown the roller G as freely suspended, with an incline, g, .on the frame B below it at each end; but it may be otherwise arranged. Its journals may, for instance, be arranged to rise and fall in vertically-slotted bearings or be guided in their up-and-down motion by any other means, provided that its opposite ends are not so confined that they must rise and fall together. A tension must be put on the roll E to retard its unwinding and render the web sufficiently taut to enable it to uphold the roller G.

The roller 6 might be omitted by carrying the web direct from the roll E to the roller G; or both of the rollers b and 0 might be disa. pensed with by placing the tension-roller G over the tank in place of the roller 0, and giving it, instead of a downward tendency by gravitation, an upward tendency by means of counter-weights, or by seating its journals on springs. Its function would not thereby be changed; but for practical reasons I prefer the construction shown.

The roller II is another tension-roller, the purpose of which is to present the fabric evenly I and without creases to the pressure-rolls G 0.

Its journals are acted on by springs in such manner as to press them upward, and, like the roller G, its ends are independent of each other, so that as the web of fabric emerges IOO from the tank, should one edge be tighter than the other, the roller will yield at the tighter edge and tighten the looser edge.

In Figs. 1 to 4 the ends of the roller H are shown as mounted on spring-arms h h, which, as shown in Fig. 4, are adj ust-ably fastened to the frame of the rollers G O. In Fig. 5 they are shown as mounted on rigid levers fulcrumed to the frame and acted upon byseparate springs. In Fig. 6 the journal-bearings of the roller H are shown as suspended by springs from brackets above. In Fig. 7 the journals of the roller are mounted onbearingblocks arranged to slide in fixed frames, and seated on springs. These various methods are here illustrated by way of example merely, as the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 4 is preferred. It is desirable to provide for the adjustment of the tension of the springs.

Between the roller f and roll F is another tension-roller, I, its journals working in vertically-slotted bearings, and having an up ward tendency imparted to it by means of counter-weights J J, acting through chains pass ing over sheaves j j Like the rollers G and II, its opposite ends are independently mounted, so that one may rise higher than the other, as denoted by dotted lines in Fig. 8.

In Fig. 3 a fourth torsion-roller, I, is sh own, its journals working in horizontallyslotted bearings and given alateral tendency by counter-weights J, acting through chains passing over sheaves j. The use of these rollers I I will be explained hereinafter.

TVhen it is desired to treat any single layer or web of stout paper or other fabric to make ordinary tarred paper or one-ply roofing-felt, or' preservative wrappingpaper, for instance, the tar or other material or liquid is placed in the tank A and heated, if necessary, by the coil A. The web of fabric is carried through the machine as hereinbefore described and power is applied to rotate the rolls 0 O, the cylinder D, and the roll F. The fabric then becomes coated or saturated with the liquid in the tank, and passes thence between the rolls 0 0, whereby any excess of liquid is squeezed out and falls back into the tank, and the liquid remaining in the fabric is forced into all the interstices and partially dried by the heat. The fabric then passes to and around the cylinder D, whereby it is further dried, and, if necessary, it must be passed around a second, third, or other number of cylinders until it is suificiently dried, so that when rolled up on F its several layers will not adhere to one another. The rollers e and f may be made hollow and heated by steam, if desired.

Operated as thus described, my machine is well adapted for making the preservative wrapping or packing paper described in the patent of J. F. Rodgers, October 8, 1878, No.

208,853, and for making the roofing-felt described in the patent of George S. Page, July 20, 1880, No. 230,148.

For making the anti-tarnish paper described in the patent of G. S. Page, June 14., 1881, No. 242,839, or for saturating tissue-paper or any other frail fabric with anyliquid, the ma chine is arranged as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. L is a roll of the tissue-paper or other frail fabric to be treated, which is set in bearings on brackets k k in front of the rolls 0 c. From this roll the tissue-paper passes between the pressure-rolls in conjunction with the web a of stronger fabric, and the surplus coating or saturating material taken up by the latter and pressed out by the rollers is sufficient to saturate the tissue-paper thoroughly and evenly. The two layers then pass to and around the cylinder or cylinders D, and afterleaving the roller f they are separated, the stronger fabric being carried directly to the roll F, and the tissue-paper being passed first over the roller I and thence to the roll- F. The weight J is so adjusted that the roller I will lift the tissue and keep it taut, but will not break it. Both layers are rolled together upon the roll F, and by separating them for some distance previously they are prevented from adhering together in the roll. As the tissue-paper is wound upon the inside it would,

if both layers were carried directly to the roll, have too great fullness, and would become cross-wrinkled or creased. This fullness is taken up by the roller I,which gradually ascends in its slotted bearings, as denoted by dotted lines in Fig. 1, and the tissue-paper is thus kepttaut an d is rolled smoothly and evenly 011 the roll F. lVhen this roll is cool, it is to be unrolled and the two fabrics rolled up sepa-' rately, or otherwise prepared for sale or use. If preferred, they may be rolled on separate rolls in the machine. 7

Prior to my invention great difficulty has been experienced in treating or saturating continuous webs of tissue-paper. In my machine the tissue is not carried into the liquid at all, but is saturated wholly by absorption, and is supported and carried along by the stronger fabric until it is dried.

In the manufacture of three-ply roofing-felt the machine is operated as shown in Fig. 3. M and M are two rolls of tarred paper or felt, or of paper, felt, or other material treated with any of the substances or compounds suitable for making roofing or building paper or other material for analogous purposes. These rollshavebeen previously treatedin the manner first herein described, or in any other manner, and have been dried to such extent that their layers will not adhere together. The roll M is placed in bearings m, Fig. 1, above the web a, and the roll M in bearings m below the web. Their journals are provided with a suitable tension or brake to retard their unrolling in similar manner to the roll E. The web a from the roll M is passed over the roller I, and thence to the roll F. The web a from the roll M is passed around the roller I, and thence to the roll F. The roll E is in this case by preference a roll of the paper or other fabric which has not been treated. The web a is passed IIO through the machine in the manner herein first described, but is not fully dried by the cylinder or cylinders D, so that when wound upon the roll F with and between thetwo webs n n it shall be sufliciently adhesive to unite itself to these webs, so that when the completed roll is dry the three webs shall be permanently cemented together. Thus a three ply felt is made, the superposed convolutions of which will not adhere together in the roll, and which consequently requires no interposed layer of paper to be wound with it in order to keep its convolutions separated. The superiority of this method of manufacture to the common method of pressing together three Webs of freshly-saturated material will be readily perceived. The outer webs, n n, may be prepared simultaneously on other machines and conducted continuously to the machine shown, provided they be sufficiently dried when they are united to the central web. The outer webs may be of somewhat thinneruntreated fabric, and be sufficiently saturated by absorption from the central web, if desired; or the central web need not be. saturated, but merely coated with an'adhesive material in passing through the tank, and united to the two previously-saturated outer webs in the manner described. The central web may have been previously saturated and dried, if preferred, receiving merely an adhesive coating in passing through the tank. 7 p

The function of the two tension-rollers I and I is to insure that the outer layers, a n,

of felt shall be presented under uniform tension and without creases or wrinkles to the roll F. If either edge becomes loose or slack, the tension-roller assumes an inclined position and tightens the loose edge,as before described with reference to rollers G and H.

Having thus described my invention, whatI claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. In a machine for coating or saturating a web of paper or other fabric, a tension-roller, over or under which said web is carried, arranged to be given a tendency to move in one direction by gravity or other force, and so to draw said web taut, and its opposite ends capable of moving in such direction independently of each other, whereby if one edge of the web is less taut than the other the roller may assume an oblique position, and so keep that edge taut, substantially as described and shown.

2. In a machine for coating or saturating a web-of paper or other fabric with any liquid, the combination, with the tank A, for containing said liquid, of a tension-roller, G, around which said web is passed before entering said tank, substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination of tank A, roll E, a brake or retarding-tension applied to the spindle thereof, roller 0, and tension-roller G, suspended in a fold of said web, substantially as set forth.

4. In a machine for coating or saturating a web of paper or other fabric with any liquid, the combination, with tank .A and pressurerolls C C, of tension-roller H, arranged to press against the web of fabric and present the same smoothly and taut to the pressure-rolls, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of tank A, pressure-rolls C C, tension-roller H, and springs h h, acting independently upon its opposite ends, substantially as set forth.

6. In a machine for coating or saturating a web of paper or other fabric with any liquid, the combination of a tank, A, containing the liquid, means for conducting the web through the liquid in said tank, pressure-rolls G G, between which such web is passed after emerging from the liquid, and roll L, of tissue-paper or other frail fabric, arranged in front of said rolls, and

to feed its web between the same, in connection with the freshly-saturated web, whereby the two are pressed together and the tissue-paper.

take up roller, I,.adapted to distend the web of fabric in its passage to the winding-roll, and tending to take up any fullness therein by traveling in the direction of its tension, substantially as set forth.

.9. The combination, with the drying rolls or cylinders and the winding-roll, of the interposed tensionroller I, its journals confined in slotted bearings, and counter-weights J J, act

JOSIAH J OWITT.

Witnesses: 1

Arron E. LUM, FREDERICK H. LUM.

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