US285131A - Composition roof - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) Y

J. PHOFMAN. GOMPOSITON R001".

No. 285,131. Patented Sept. 18,` 1883.

purpose.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN F. HOFFMAN, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

COMPOSITION ROOF.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Iietters Patent No. 285,131, dated Septeniber 18, 1883.

Application filed June 25, 1888. (N o model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern: e Be it known that I, JOHN F. HOFFMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Gincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composition Roofs, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

vThe object of my invention is to construct composition roofs in such a manner as to afford secure and water-tight joints at the junctions of the various'sheets usually employed for this I accomplish this result by cementing together three sheets or layers of tarred paper or other suitable felt or fabric, the under sheet being about four inches narrower than the intermediate and outer sheets. Fur# secure under all conditions of weather, said joint projecting such a slight distance above the general level of the roof as to present no 'obstacle whatever to the free shedding of water, snow, Sac., as hereinafter more fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

In theV annexed drawings, Figurel is a perspective view, showing the under side of my improved roofing sheet. Fig. 2 shows the method of fastening the first sheet to the roof. Fig. 3 shows the method of interlocking the flaps of the second sheet with the flaps of the first sheet. Fig.4is an enlarged section through said engaged iiaps.

.As more clearly seen in Fig. l, each sheet of my roofing material is preferably composed of an outer layer, A, an intermediate layer, B, and an inner or bottom layer C. These various layers may be composed either of thick paper, or` canvas, or felting, or any other dexible fabric that can be securely cemented together and used for roofing and similar purposes. Furthermore, these layers or webs may be of any length and width that will allow them to be conveniently handled and applied. The inner layer C is usually'from four to six inches narrower than the other layers, A B, although all of these pieces A B C are cemented together, so as to form practically a single sheet. rIhe cement, however, is so applied to said layers A B as to leave their opposite margins, a a and b b', perfectly free, thereby converting these membersinto ilexible flaps which extend inwardly about as far as the edges of the bottom layer C. To cover a roof the first sheet is so applied thereto as to bring the lower edge of the bottom layer, C, in line with the margin of sheathing D, after which act the flaps a b of the other layers, A B, are turned down and nailed or otherwise secured at E, as seen in Fig. 2, reference to which illustration shows that the other flaps, a b, of the layers A B are free. The second sheet, A B C', is then laid down parallel with the first sheet, A B C, the hap b of the layer B being fitted snugly against the lower edge of the bottom layer C of 4this second sheet, andthe iiap b of layer B is lapped over said flap b. Cement is now applied to the upper surface of this latter ilap b, and the flap a of layer A is then united thereto. The nails or other retaining devices F (seen in Fig. 4) are then driven through these cemented aps into the sheathing D. Finally, cement is spread upon the upper surface of flap a', and the liap a of layer A being united thereto, the joint is complete, and the finishing-coat of tar, pitch,

cement, or paint may be added. -This first joint of the roof is seen in Fig. 3, which illustration also shows that the aps c b at the upper margins of layers A B are free to be interlocked with the appropriate aps of the third sheet in the manner just described. Beference to Fig. 4 shows that although the joint is composed of no less than four thicknesses of material, yet the upper surface of said joint projects but very little above the general level of the roof, and hence there are no serious ledges in the same for water and snow to lodge against. This slight projection of the joint is due tothe fact that the bottom layers, C C',

are narrower than the other layers, A B A B', of their respective sheets, for it is evident that IOO if said layers C C extended the full width of the sheet the joint would be composed of six thicknesses of material.

If desired, each sheet of the roofing material may be composed of four or five or more layers; but this construction would be very unhandy to apply, and as all the advantages of such an arrangement could be obtained by simply increasing the thickness of the layers, it is preferred to use three of them. Again, by thus increasing the thickness of the fabric, two layers might be sufficient in some cases, and the right is reserved of modifying the invention to this extent. Finally, the separate layers A B C may be saturated with any suitable water-repellent before being incorporated into one sheet.

I claim as my invention- 1. As a new article of manufacture, a sheet for composition roofs, which sheet is composed of a lower layer of felt or other suitable material, upon which is cemented one or more wider layers having free marginal flaps projecting beyond. both edges of said@ lower or narrow layer, and adapted to interlock with the marginal flaps of the adjoining sheet, as herein described. v

2. A composition roof` composed of a sheet, A aa B b b C, cemented together, as herein described, the fiaps a b thereof being interlocked with the flaps a b of the other sheet, A a a B b bm. C, as explained, nails or other retaining devices, F, being driven through these flaps into the sheathing or other backing, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN F. HOFFMAN.

Witnesses:

JAMEs H. LAYMAN, HENRY C. BRADLEY.

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