US2846614A - Klystron tube - Google Patents

Klystron tube Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2846614A
US2846614A US469973A US46997354A US2846614A US 2846614 A US2846614 A US 2846614A US 469973 A US469973 A US 469973A US 46997354 A US46997354 A US 46997354A US 2846614 A US2846614 A US 2846614A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
cavity
klystron
noise
frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US469973A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Espersen George Andrew
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
Original Assignee
US Philips Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE542864D priority Critical patent/BE542864A/xx
Priority to NL202059D priority patent/NL202059A/xx
Priority to US469973A priority patent/US2846614A/en
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
Priority to DEN11448A priority patent/DE1015865B/de
Priority to DEN6012U priority patent/DE1767067U/de
Priority to ES0225043A priority patent/ES225043A1/es
Priority to GB32793/55A priority patent/GB823601A/en
Priority to CH336909D priority patent/CH336909A/de
Priority to FR1135665D priority patent/FR1135665A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2846614A publication Critical patent/US2846614A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H01J25/12—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator with pencil-like electron stream in the axis of the resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/04—Coaxial resonators

Definitions

  • This invention relates to lclystron discharge tubes, and, in particular, to klystron tubes employingflexible diaphragms as tuning or adjusting means.
  • the chief object of the invention is to provide a klystron tube with flexible diaphragms in which practically all noise due to microphonism of the diaphragms has been eliminated.
  • this object is attained by encasing or casting the diaphragms while the tube is operating in the desired mode and at the desired power condition in a non-shrinkable, hardenable material capable of wetting the material of the diaphragm and the surrounding portions of the tube and adhering firmly thereto upon solidification.
  • a non-shrinkable, hardenable material capable of wetting the material of the diaphragm and the surrounding portions of the tube and adhering firmly thereto upon solidification.
  • a suitable material for this purpose is a plastic resin of the epoxy group known under the trademark Araldite.
  • the klystron tube of the invention comprises a vacuum-tight envelope including a glass portion enclosing an electron gun 11.
  • the gun 11 contains the usual electron-emissive cathode 12 and focussing electrode 13. Terminals 14 for the gun 11 pass through the glass portion of the envelope 10 for connection to an external circuit.
  • the glass member 10 is sealed to a copper anode system 18 incorporating a pair of resonant cavities 19, 20.
  • the klystron illustrated in the drawing is of the two-cavity oscillator type in which oscillations present in the first or input cavity modulate an electron beam passing across an interaction gap 21 associated with the input cavity 19. Thereafter, the modulated beam passes along a drift tube 22 where is becomes velocity-modulated or bunched.
  • the bunched beam traverses an interaction gap 23 associated with the second or output cavity 29 transferring energy thereto to produce oscillations therein.
  • part of the energy in the output cavity is coupled by Way of an aperture (not shown) in the dividing Wall back to the first or input cavity.
  • Energy may be abstracted from the output cavity by Way of a wave guide transformer section 25, actually an aperture in the anode block communicating with the output cavity 20.
  • the other end of the section 25 is sealed off by a radiuum enclosure of the tube.
  • the remainder of the transmission system includes a tapered section 27 having an end 28 adapted for coupling to a conventional wave guide of the correct dimensions.
  • a collector electrode 31 having the shape illustrated to facilitate cooling thereof by means of water or the like.
  • the couplings for conveying the water to the collector are illustrated at 32.
  • the output cavity In order to secure proper operation of such a klystron, the output cavity must be tuned to a frequency specifically correlated to the resonant frequency of the input cavity. To change the frequency of the oscillations produced, it is thus necessary to change the resonant frequency of both cavities. This is generally accomplished by adjusting the length of the input and output interaction gaps 21, 23.
  • the rear and front walls 35, 36 of the anode system are mounted on flexible diaphragrns 3'7 constituted of, for example, thin, resilient, copper-plated, Monel metal, which diaphragms also constitute part of the vac-
  • flexible diaphragrns 3'7 constituted of, for example, thin, resilient, copper-plated, Monel metal, which diaphragms also constitute part of the vac-
  • the present invention is based on the discovery that most of the noise produced by the klystron may be attri cited to microphonism of the flexible diaphragm structure.
  • the diaphragm structure is then surrounded by a liquid, harden able, non-shrinking material capable of wetting and adhering to the surfaces which is engages. Thereafter, the material is hardened, thereby bonding the flexible diaphragm to the surrounding rigid parts of the tube.
  • the bonding material 40 that may be utilized in the invention must satisfy a number of requirements. First, it must not shrink during hardening or the change from the liquid to the solid state. It must be remembered that the material is applied in liquid form to the tube while it is excited and is operating at precisely the desired frequency and power conditions. if the material shrank. or for that matter expanded, during the hardening process, the diaphragms might be displaced producing a change in operating conditions. Hence, non-shrinkability of the material is essential. Secondly, the material must be capable of wetting the diaphragms and the surrounding portions of the tube. This is essential because, unless these portions of the tube, which are usually of high 3 conductive metal such as copper, are wetted by the material, no adherence will occur. Thus, the diaphragms will still be capable of vibration-and noise. Finally, the
  • the invention may be used with any velocity-modulated tube employing a flexible diaphragm construction for changing the resonant frequency of a cavity.
  • the invention may also be used with reflex (single resonator) klystrons, and multi-resonator tubes having more than two cavities.
  • a method for fixing the operating frequency and reducing the noise of a klystron tube having flexible diaphragm means associated with its resonant cavity which comprises the steps of applying operating potentials to said tube, adjusting the position ofthe. diaphragm to secure the desired operation, thereafter casting the dia phragm in a non-shrinking, hardenable, liquid material capable of wetting the diaphragm and the adjacent portions of the tube, thereafter hardening the material to permanently set it while the operating potentials are still applied to the tube, and finally removing the operating potentials.
  • a velocity-modulated electron discharge device comprising an enclosure defining a cavity, means to generate and inject a beam of electrons into said cavity, a metal diaphragm within said cavity for adjusting the resonant frequency of the same, and a non-shrinkable synthetic resin surrounding and securing said diaphragm to said enclosure.
  • a velocity-modulated electron discharge device comprising an enclosure defining a pair of interconnected cavities, means to generate and inject a beam of electrons into one of said cavities, a metal diaphragm in each of said cavities for adjusting the resonant frequency of each cavity, and a non-shrinkable synthetic resin surrounding and securing said diaphragm to said enclosure.

Landscapes

  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
US469973A 1954-11-19 1954-11-19 Klystron tube Expired - Lifetime US2846614A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE542864D BE542864A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1954-11-19
NL202059D NL202059A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1954-11-19
US469973A US2846614A (en) 1954-11-19 1954-11-19 Klystron tube
DEN6012U DE1767067U (de) 1954-11-19 1955-11-15 Auf eine feste frequenz abgestimmtes klystron.
DEN11448A DE1015865B (de) 1954-11-19 1955-11-15 Verfahren zum Festlegen der Abstimmung eines Klystrons auf eine vorher einstellbare Frequenz
ES0225043A ES225043A1 (es) 1954-11-19 1955-11-16 Un método de sintonizar klystrones a una frecuencia fija
GB32793/55A GB823601A (en) 1954-11-19 1955-11-16 Improvements in or relating to methods of tuning klystrons to a fixed frequency, and klystrons thus tuned
CH336909D CH336909A (de) 1954-11-19 1955-11-17 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines auf eine feste Frequenz abgestimmten Klystrons und nach diesem Verfahren hergestelltes Klystron
FR1135665D FR1135665A (fr) 1954-11-19 1955-11-18 Procédé pour accorder un klystron sur une fréquence fixe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US469973A US2846614A (en) 1954-11-19 1954-11-19 Klystron tube

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2846614A true US2846614A (en) 1958-08-05

Family

ID=23865768

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US469973A Expired - Lifetime US2846614A (en) 1954-11-19 1954-11-19 Klystron tube

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US2846614A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE542864A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH336909A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE1015865B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES225043A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1135665A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB823601A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL202059A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2994009A (en) * 1958-07-17 1961-07-25 Varian Associates High frequency tube apparatus

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005037683A1 (de) * 2005-08-10 2007-02-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Kraftstofftank mit einer Montageöffnung

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2134794A (en) * 1933-04-19 1938-11-01 Telefunken Gmbh Temperature-independent oscillatory circuits
US2304540A (en) * 1940-05-02 1942-12-08 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Generating apparatus
US2343487A (en) * 1940-04-24 1944-03-07 Gen Electric Electron discharge device
US2629066A (en) * 1951-12-10 1953-02-17 Eitel Maccullough Inc Electron tube

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE589834C (de) * 1930-05-21 1933-12-20 Telefunken Gmbh Als Frequenznormale dienender elektrischer Schwingungskreis mit sehr geringer Kapazitaet, insbesondere fuer Hochfrequenz
CH177425A (de) * 1934-04-06 1935-05-31 Lorenz C Ag Hochfrequenzsender.
GB457263A (en) * 1935-06-24 1936-11-24 Bosch Robert Improvements in or relating to multiple inductance coils for tuning oscillatory circuits
FR893109A (fr) * 1942-04-02 1944-05-31 Studiengesellschaft Fu R Elekt Tube à décharge électrique combiné à un résonateur à cavité

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2134794A (en) * 1933-04-19 1938-11-01 Telefunken Gmbh Temperature-independent oscillatory circuits
US2343487A (en) * 1940-04-24 1944-03-07 Gen Electric Electron discharge device
US2304540A (en) * 1940-05-02 1942-12-08 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Generating apparatus
US2629066A (en) * 1951-12-10 1953-02-17 Eitel Maccullough Inc Electron tube

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2994009A (en) * 1958-07-17 1961-07-25 Varian Associates High frequency tube apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB823601A (en) 1959-11-18
ES225043A1 (es) 1956-04-16
NL202059A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE1015865B (de) 1957-09-19
BE542864A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE1767067U (de) 1958-05-22
FR1135665A (fr) 1957-05-02
CH336909A (de) 1959-03-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Staprans et al. High-power linear-beam tubes
US2439387A (en) Electronic tuning control
US3207943A (en) High frequency tube method and apparatus
US2564005A (en) Automatic frequency control system
US2308523A (en) Electron discharge device
US2343487A (en) Electron discharge device
US2846614A (en) Klystron tube
US2874327A (en) Klystron oscillator and method of adjusting same
US2880357A (en) Electron cavity resonator tube apparatus
US2644908A (en) Microwave frequency cavity resonator structure
US2751518A (en) Frequency stabilized oscillator
US2411912A (en) Electron discharge device
US2513277A (en) Electron discharge device, including a tunable cavity resonator
US2621304A (en) Vacuum tube with ultrahigh frequency
GB823135A (en) Improvements relating to velocity modulation electron discharge devices
US2601539A (en) Two-frequency microwave oscillator
US2493046A (en) High-frequency electroexpansive tuning apparatus
US2790928A (en) Electron discharge devices of the klystron type
US2439831A (en) High-frequency apparatus
GB938709A (en) An ultra-high-frequency oscillator tube
US2475652A (en) High-frequency tube structure
US2584323A (en) Multicellular velocity-modulated tube
US3155868A (en) Plural resonator cavities tuned to integrally related frequencies
US2551614A (en) Tunable magnetron
US3210593A (en) Method and apparatus for the broadbanding of power type velocity modulation electron discharge devices by interaction gap spacing