US2845960A - Pile fabric - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 5, 1958 F. w. E. HOESELB'ARTH PILE FABRIC ZSheets-Shetl Original Filed Oct. 25. *1952 XXXXXXXXOQOOOpOO OXXXXXXXX o '00 xxxxxxxxxx q I Ii XXXXXX Loooooooooxxxxxx-xxooooo INVENTQR Franz 144i: fioeaefattk ATTORNEYS.

Aug. 1958 F. w. E HOES-ELBARTH 2,845,960

PILE FABRIC 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed Oct. 23, 1952 United States Patent PILE FABRIC Frank W. E. Hoeselbarth, Carlisle, Pa., assignor to C. H.

Masland & Sons, Carlisle, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Original application October 23, 1952, Serial No. 316,454, now Patent No. 2,720,222, dated October 11, 1955. Divided and this application February 28, 1955, Serial No. 490,816

1 Claim. (Cl. 139-402) The present invention relates to woven pile fabrics especially floor coverings of the type of carpets and rugs.

This application is a division of my copending application Serial No. 316,454, for Pile Fabric Method, filed October 23, 1952, now Patent No. 2,720,222, relating to the method.

A purpose of the invention in a warp pile fabric is to obtain a contrast between groups of pile warp loops by providing high and low loops of contrasting warps in successive transverse rows, the high loops and low loops in each row being of the same height, and to mask the low loops of one row by high loops differently placed warpwise in the next row.

A further purpose is to raise all the ends of different contrasting warps successively over different wires having high and low portions on each wire, the heights of the high portions being the same in the successive wires and the heights of the low portions being the same in the successive wires, and to place the high portions differently on adjoining wires so that when the wires are withdrawn high loops of one transverse row will mask low loops of an adjoining transverse row, producing attractive contrasting efiects along with texturing.

Further purposes appear in the specification and in the claim.

In the drawings I have chosen to illustrate a few only of the numerous embodiments in which my invention may appear, selecting the forms shown from the standpoints of convenience in illustration, satisfactory operation and clear demonstration of the principles involved.

Figures 1, 2 and 3 are warpwise conventional weave diagrams showing different weaves embodying the invention, with the wires still in place.

Figure 4 is a top plan view diagram showing a portion of a wire set in accordance with the invention.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary side elevation of a wire which is employed in producing the weave of the invention.

, Figure 6 is a photographic top plan view of a pile carpet produced in accordance with the invention.

Very desirable textured efiects in carpets and rugs have been produced for many years by employing high and low loops in the same transverse row. It is desirable to augment the attractive appearance by producing contrast in the appearance of different pile warp ends without the expense incident to jacquard weaving.

In accordance with the present invention two or more contrasting pile warps are employed and the warps are raised over successive wires. All of the wires have high and low portions within the shed and the high portions on the successive wires are the same height and the low portions are of the same height. portions di ferently weftwise on one wire with respect to adjoining wires, it is possible to obtain groups of high loops on one wire which adjoin groups of low loops on at least one adjoining wire. When the wires are with drawn the high loops mask the low loops and thus by judicious choice of the locations of high and low loops on By placing the high the successive wires it is possible to produce pattern effects, or hap-hazard or windblown appearances due to the fact that a particular pile warp in a particular row only produces visible or high loops at certain locations, while its low loops are masked at other locations.

The number of ditferentpile warps used will usually be two, although it will be understood that three or more alternating pile warps will in some cases be employed.

The pile warps may contrast by reason of any one of the following factors, which are suggestive of many other contrasting characteristics which will be employed:

(1) The pile warps will in many cases be of different color.

(2) The pile warps will in many cases be of different material, for example one of rayon and one of wool, or one of rayon and one of nylon, or one of a blend of wool andrayon and another of wool.

(3) The pile warps in many caseswill have a differerence in pile density. For example one warp will have 200 ends in 27" while another warp will have 100 ends in 27" (in the thread-in certain dents will not have any ends).

(4) The pile warps in many cases will have different reflectivity, even though the color is not difierent. For

, example one warp will be of polyvinylidene chloride and anothed of wool.

(5) The pile warps will in many cases be of different construction, for example a heavy yarn in one Warp and a light yarn in another warp.

It will be understood that the result of any one of these contrasting features is to accent the diiference between groups of pile warp ends, thus imparting an attractive appearance to the pile.

The weave employed may conform to any standard velvet or tapestry weave, whether of V, W or staggered W character, and the particular construction is not vital to the invention, although the invention exhibits a preferred embodiment in a V weave.

As shown in a V weave in Figure 1, a pair of pile warps 2t) and 21 are raised successively over wires 22 extending transversely of the fabric, and each having high portions 23 all of which are of the same height in the successive wires and low portions 24 all of which are of the same height on the successive wires. The low portions are indicated by Xs in Figure 4 and the high portions by circles, and it will be seen that the high portions and low portions are placed differently warpwise of the fabric on successive wires, according to a pattern, or according to a haphazard or helterskelter arrangement as desired.

The weave of Figure 1 has binder warps 26 and 27, a stutter warp 28 and wefts 30 as well known.

According to the weave shown in Figure 1, at the first step pile warp 20 is fully raised, binder warp 26 is raised half way and binder warp 27, pile warp 21 and stuffer warp 28 are lowered. A wire 22 is inserted in the upper shed between pile warp 20 and binder warp 26 and a shot of weft is inserted in the lower shed between binder warp 26 on the one hand, and binder warp 27, pile warp 21 and stuffer Warp 28, on the other hand. On the next step, binder warp 27 remains lowered and all other warps are raised half way, forming a lower shed through which another shot of weft is taken.

On the next step pile warp 21 is fully raised and binder warp 27 is raised half way forming an upper shed, while pile warp 20, binder warp 26 and stuffer warp 28 are lowered forming a lower shed. A wire 22 is inserted in the upper shed, having the same height of high and low portions as the wire previously inserted, but having the high and low portions difierently placed weftwise. A shot of weft is taken in the lower shed. The weave precedes this thus raising the contrasting warps successively.

When the wires are withdrawn without cutting, the low loops of each row are masked by the high loops in the adjoining row or rows, thus forming groups of high loops 31 of pile 21 and groups (see Figure 6) of high loops 32 of pile warp 20, so that the surface of the fabric is formed entirely by high loops.

The invention is applicable to a W weave as shown in Figure 2.

In this case in the first step pile warp 20 is fully raised, binder warp 26 and pile warp 21 are raised half way, forming an upper shed, while binder warp 27 and stuffer warp 28 are lowered, forming a lower shed. A wavy wire 22 as previously described is inserted in the upper shed and a shot of weft is taken in the lower shed.

In the next step pile warp 26 and stuffer warp 28 are raised half way, while pile warp 20, pile warp 21 and binder warp 27 are lowered, forming a lower shed, and a shot of weft is taken in the lower shed.

In the next step pile warp 21 is fully raised while binder warp 27 and pile warp 20 are raised halfway, forming an upper shed, and pile warp 26 and stuifer warp 28 are lowered, forming a lower shed. A wavy wire as previously described is inserted in the upper shed and a shot of weft is taken in the lower shed.

In the next step pile warp 27 and stufier warp 28 are raised halfway, while pile warp 20, pile warp 21 and binder warp 26 are lowered, forming a lower shed, and a shot of weft is taken in the lower shed. The weave then repeats, next raising pile warp 20 over another wavy wire as previously described.

The invention is also applicable to a staggered W-weave of the character described and claimed in my copending application, Serial No. 274,568, filed March 3, 1952, now Patent No. 2,713,355, for Multiple Pile Staggered W-Weaving as shown in Figure 3.

In this case in the first step pile warp 20 is fully raised, while pile warp 21 and stulfer warp 28 are raised half way, forming an upper shed, and binder warp 26 is lowered forming a lower shed. A wire of the character previously described is inserted in the upper shed and a shot of weft is taken in the lower shed. In the next step binder warp 26 is raised half way while all other warps are lowered and a shot of weft is taken in the lower shed thus formed.

In the next step pile warp 21 is fully raised, while pile warp 20 and stuffer warp 28 are raised halfway forming an upper shed and binder warp 26 is lowered 4 the weaves of Figures 1, 2 and 3, except that in the weave of Figure 1 (the V weave) the bases of the loops are more widely spaced and a somewhat different appearance results therefrom.

The wire as shown in Figure 5 may have any desired slope between the low portions 24 and the high portions 23, the slope in toward and away from the head preferably being gradual as shown at 33. The angle of slope both in the direction toward the head of the wire and in the direction away from the head of the wire as shown at 33 should preferably not exceed 25 and most desirably not exceed 15 with respect to the longitudinal axis of the wire.

It will be evident that any suitable wire motion for inserting and withdrawing the transverse wires will be used as Well known.

It will be evident that in the V-weave the pile warp is bound behind wefts not more frequently than every fourth weft and remains in the face at intervening points, while in the W-weave it is bound behind every other weft.

In view of my invention and disclosure variations and modifications to meet individual whim or particular need will doubtless become evident to others skilled in the art, to obtain all or part of the benefits of my invention without copying the fabric shown, and I, therefore, claim all such insofar as they fall within the reasonable spirit and scope of my claim.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

A pile carpet having a face consisting of contrasting pattern areas of uncut pile loops extending warpwise of the carpet over a multiplicity of rows, the areas of each character comprising high loops and low loops, the low loops being masked out and not visible at the top of the fabric by virtue of the covering of high loops over the low loops, said carpet comprising at least two pile warp sets, at least one binder warp set and at least one stutter warp set and wefts interwoven together, the pile warp ends of each pile warp set being raised in the pile successively in transverse rows which include in the same row high pile loops and low pile loops, the high pile loops of all rows being of the same maximum height and the low pile loops of all rows being of the same minimum height, the transverse rows formed by the diiferent pile warp sets alternating in the fabric, the high and low loops in successive rows being differently placed weftwise, the high loops being in groups which mask the low loops, whereby the surface of the fabric is formed entirely by high loops.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,576,791 Jackson Nov. 27, 1951 2,702,056 Hoeselbarth Feb. 15, 1955 2,715,921 Smiley Aug. 23, 1955

Images