US2844750A - Focused electron flow electron tube for very high frequencies - Google Patents

Focused electron flow electron tube for very high frequencies Download PDF

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Publication number
US2844750A
US2844750A US522615A US52261555A US2844750A US 2844750 A US2844750 A US 2844750A US 522615 A US522615 A US 522615A US 52261555 A US52261555 A US 52261555A US 2844750 A US2844750 A US 2844750A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tube
electron
high frequencies
magnetic
transition
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Expired - Lifetime
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US522615A
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English (en)
Inventor
Veith Werner
Meyerer Paul
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens and Halske AG
Siemens Corp
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Siemens Corp
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Publication date
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/08—Focusing arrangements, e.g. for concentrating stream of electrons, for preventing spreading of stream
    • H01J23/087—Magnetic focusing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00

Definitions

  • Focused electron flow is used in numerous tubes for very high frequencies, particularly in tubes operating in the nature of traveling wave tubes, special means being in such cases required for guiding the concentrated electron flow along extended paths.
  • Magnet coils traversed by current are usually employed for this purpose. It is, however, in many cases suitable to use a magnet system comprising permanent magnets.
  • Magnet systems having permanent magnets have been proposed for such tubes, comprising atubular interior guide provided at its ends with annular extensions connected at their outer margins with magnet rods. It is in numerous cases of tubes of this kind, for example, traveling wave tubes necessary, for the coupling of the high-frequency energy, to provide the interior guide tube with a suitable hollow conductor forming apertures corresponding to its cross-section. The disturbance of the rotation symmetry of the magnetic field, caused by such apertures may be held small if the guide tube is stepped following the apertured parts.
  • the object of the invention is to correct the progression of the magnetic field'within the cross-sectionally reduced portion of the magnetsystem and above all to avoid a decrease of the field strength toward the end of the system. In a traveling wave tube, such a decrease would bring about splitting of the electron flow and therewith an impermissible increase of the electron fiow to the delay line.
  • the invention is based upon recognition of the fact that identical field strength may be expected to obtain in the wide and in the narrow portions of the guide tube only when the annular extension which forms the transition between the narrow and the wide inner spaces satis fies strictly predetermined conditions.
  • the magnetic impedance of the transition must thereby be such that the decrease of the magnetic force occurring thereat per unit of length causes the surplus lines of force of the wide part of the guide tube to enter in parallel into the wall thereof.
  • the invention provides for affecting the magnetic impedance at the place of transition, by multiple formation of the magnet system at such place and by variable magnetic parallel connection of auxiliary system parts, so as to bring about, along the narrow inner space, a substantially homogeneous or an increasing field progression.
  • An annular disk or the like, made of soft magnetic material may thereby serve as an auxiliary system part.
  • Fig. 1 shows the magnet system of a known travelling wave tube in schematic sectional view
  • Fig. 2 indicates in the form of curves the field strength progression in the interior of the magnet system as it occurs in the known arrangement as contrasted with the progression of the magnetic field provided by the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows the magnetic lines of force at the place of transition
  • Fig. 4 illustrates in sectional view a travelling wave tube such as shown in Fig. 1 but comprising in accordance with the invention a disk forming the auxiliary means disposed in the magnet system;
  • Fig. 5 is a partial view showing an auxiliary disk mounted so that the spacing thereof from a neighboring wall member may be varied.
  • Figs. 5a, 5b show respectively a plurality of disks of different thickness and different diameter, for use as the auxiliary disk means in the magnet system according to the invention.
  • numeral 1 indicates the inner guide tube of the magnet system, such tube being connected with an enlarged tube 3 by means of an annular wall 2.
  • the enlargement is dimensioned so as to permit insertion of the hollow input conductor at 4 and also insertion of the tube part indicated at 5.
  • Two annular end plates 6 and 7 serve for connection with the outer magnet system which may be formed by a tubular permanent magnet or by arnumber of individual magnet rods as indicated at 8 and 9.
  • e 1 I The field strength progression, resulting in a structure such as shown in 1 corresponds substantially to the dot-dash curve 0 indicated in Fig. 2.
  • the field progression which is according to the invention desired is indicated by the full line curve a of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 3 In order to obtain such field progression or characteristic, it is necessary, as shown in Fig. 3, to make the magnetic impedance of the transition such that the decrease of the magnetic force per unit of length, that is, the magnetic excitation, causes the surplus lines of force of the enlarged part of the guide tube to enter in parallelism into the transverse wall thereof.
  • the lines of force are symbolized by the arrows 10.
  • the remaining numerals indicate parts similarly referenced in Fig. 1.
  • auxiliary or added system part is in the form of an annular disk 11 with predetermined thickness and outer diameter.
  • the thickness and the outer diameter of the disk may be different in accordance with the requirements for the stepwise alteration of the magnetic impedance.
  • the spacing of the disk from the transition wall 2 may be varied by known and suitable adjustment means so as to provide for continuous variation of the magnetic impedance.
  • Fig. shows as an example how the disk 11 (also shown in Fig. 4) may be adjustably mounted on the transverse transition wall 2 by means of screws 12, made of insulating material, permitting adjustment of the spacing from the wall 2.
  • a plurality of disks such as 11 may be provided in a pile or disposed concentrically one within the other so as to provide for desired stepwise variation of the thickness and outer diameter, respectively.
  • the disks may be of difierent thickness or of different diameter, if desired.
  • disks such as 11a, 11b, of different thickness, shown in Fig. 5a or disks 11c, 11d, of difierent diameter, as shown in Fig. 5b may take the place of disk 11 shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • the disks may of course be provided in desired combinations, for example, exhibiting identical or different thickness as well as diflerent diameter.
  • a focused electron flow electron tube for very high frequencies comprising a magnet system including permanent magnet means, tubular means connected with said permanent magnet means forming an inner longitudinally extending chamber for guiding the electron flow along an extended path formed thereby, said tubular means comprising an enlarged portion disposed at least at one end of said magnet system and a narrower portion axially extending therefrom, a plurality of parts forming the transition from said narrower to said enlarged portion, said parts being arranged for variable magnetic connection to afiect the magnetic impedance at said transition so as to produce a predetermined field progression within said narrower portion of said chamber.
  • a structure and cooperation of parts according to' 3.
  • a structure and cooperation of parts according to claim 1, comprising wall means extending between said enlarged and said narrower portions, and auxiliary means cooperating magnetically with said wall means.
  • a structure and cooperation of parts according to claim 5, comprising at least one magnetic disklike member of soft material constituting said auxiliary means.
  • a structure and cooperation of parts according to claim 5, comprising 'a plurality of disklike members of different outer diameter constituting said auxiliary means.
  • a structure and cooperation of parts according to claim 6, comprising means for varying the spacing of said disklike member relative to said wall means.
  • a structure and cooper'ation'of parts according to claim 9, comprisin means for varying the spacing of said disklike members relative to said 'wall means.

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US522615A 1954-09-22 1955-07-18 Focused electron flow electron tube for very high frequencies Expired - Lifetime US2844750A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES40943A DE1129240B (de) 1954-09-22 1954-09-22 Magnetisches Buendelungssystem zur gebuendelten Fuehrung der Elektronenstroemung einer Laufzeitroehre, insbesondere Wanderfeldroehre

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US2844750A true US2844750A (en) 1958-07-22

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US522615A Expired - Lifetime US2844750A (en) 1954-09-22 1955-07-18 Focused electron flow electron tube for very high frequencies

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US (1) US2844750A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1129240B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1131008A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB786988A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL200488A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2922910A (en) * 1955-09-22 1960-01-26 Siemens Ag Electron beam focusing device
US2945153A (en) * 1956-08-31 1960-07-12 Rca Corp Electron beam tube
US2956193A (en) * 1957-07-11 1960-10-11 Philips Corp Magnet system for travelling wave tubes
US2961562A (en) * 1958-05-05 1960-11-22 Gen Electric Oscillation suppression in high voltage electron guns
US2966609A (en) * 1957-11-22 1960-12-27 Gen Electric Magnetic structures for high frequency energy interchange apparatus
US3007076A (en) * 1957-05-03 1961-10-31 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge device
US3027484A (en) * 1958-03-29 1962-03-27 Kobe Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Periodic magnetic focussing system for travelling wave tubes
US3092745A (en) * 1958-06-25 1963-06-04 Siemens Ag Magnetic means for focusing and densifying the electron beam in traveling wave tubes
US3155866A (en) * 1961-03-14 1964-11-03 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetic focusing structure for traveling wave tubes

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1277450B (de) * 1962-09-22 1968-09-12 Telefunken Patent Permanentmagnetisches Fokussierungssystem zur gebuendelten Fuehrung des Elektronenstrahles einer Wanderfeldroehre

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2149101A (en) * 1934-07-30 1939-02-28 Zeiss Ikon Ag Cathode ray tube
US2200039A (en) * 1937-11-01 1940-05-07 Emi Ltd Permanent magnet device for producing axially symmetrical magnetic fields
US2219193A (en) * 1937-05-01 1940-10-22 Gen Electric Cathode ray apparatus
US2305761A (en) * 1938-03-08 1942-12-22 Bodo V Borries Electron-optical lens
US2403529A (en) * 1942-04-30 1946-07-09 Rca Corp Electron microscope
US2619607A (en) * 1951-03-10 1952-11-25 Glaser Steers Corp Internal focusing device

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE893990C (de) * 1951-10-02 1953-10-22 Telefunken Gmbh Fokalisator fuer Lauffeldroehren
BE516533A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1951-12-29
DE1098625B (de) 1953-11-13 1961-02-02 Siemens Ag Magnetisches Buendelungssystem zur gebuendelten Fuehrung einer (mehrerer) Elektronenstroemung (en) mittels eines homogenen Magnetfeldes laengs einer groesseren Wegstrecke, insbesondere fuer Wanderfeldroehren

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2149101A (en) * 1934-07-30 1939-02-28 Zeiss Ikon Ag Cathode ray tube
US2219193A (en) * 1937-05-01 1940-10-22 Gen Electric Cathode ray apparatus
US2200039A (en) * 1937-11-01 1940-05-07 Emi Ltd Permanent magnet device for producing axially symmetrical magnetic fields
US2305761A (en) * 1938-03-08 1942-12-22 Bodo V Borries Electron-optical lens
US2403529A (en) * 1942-04-30 1946-07-09 Rca Corp Electron microscope
US2619607A (en) * 1951-03-10 1952-11-25 Glaser Steers Corp Internal focusing device

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2922910A (en) * 1955-09-22 1960-01-26 Siemens Ag Electron beam focusing device
US2945153A (en) * 1956-08-31 1960-07-12 Rca Corp Electron beam tube
US3007076A (en) * 1957-05-03 1961-10-31 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge device
US2956193A (en) * 1957-07-11 1960-10-11 Philips Corp Magnet system for travelling wave tubes
US2966609A (en) * 1957-11-22 1960-12-27 Gen Electric Magnetic structures for high frequency energy interchange apparatus
US3027484A (en) * 1958-03-29 1962-03-27 Kobe Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Periodic magnetic focussing system for travelling wave tubes
US2961562A (en) * 1958-05-05 1960-11-22 Gen Electric Oscillation suppression in high voltage electron guns
US3092745A (en) * 1958-06-25 1963-06-04 Siemens Ag Magnetic means for focusing and densifying the electron beam in traveling wave tubes
US3155866A (en) * 1961-03-14 1964-11-03 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetic focusing structure for traveling wave tubes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB786988A (en) 1957-11-27
DE1129240B (de) 1962-05-10
NL200488A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR1131008A (fr) 1957-02-14

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