US2844145A - Self-contained breathing apparatus - Google Patents

Self-contained breathing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2844145A
US2844145A US481431A US48143155A US2844145A US 2844145 A US2844145 A US 2844145A US 481431 A US481431 A US 481431A US 48143155 A US48143155 A US 48143155A US 2844145 A US2844145 A US 2844145A
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breathing
container
self
breathing apparatus
regulator
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Expired - Lifetime
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US481431A
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Berge Georges
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/02—Respiratory apparatus with compressed oxygen or air
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/02—Respiratory apparatus with compressed oxygen or air
    • A62B7/04—Respiratory apparatus with compressed oxygen or air and lung-controlled oxygen or air valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
    • B63C11/18—Air supply
    • B63C11/20—Air supply from water surface
    • B63C11/205—Air supply from water surface with air supply by suction from diver, e.g. snorkels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
    • B63C11/18—Air supply
    • B63C11/22—Air supply carried by diver

Definitions

  • This invention relates to self-contained breathing apparatus, in particular for divers, of the well known type including at least a metal cylinder containing a compressed breathable gas, such as air, a pressure regulator connected with said cylinder and delivering to the diver air expanded to a pressure substantially equal to the water pressure on the outer face of a flexible diaphragm provided in said regulator, a breathing in pipe for connecting the air outlet of the regulator to a mouthpiece, a breathing out pipe which may be the breathing in pipe, and a breathing out valve.
  • a metal cylinder containing a compressed breathable gas, such as air
  • a pressure regulator connected with said cylinder and delivering to the diver air expanded to a pressure substantially equal to the water pressure on the outer face of a flexible diaphragm provided in said regulator
  • a breathing in pipe for connecting the air outlet of the regulator to a mouthpiece
  • a breathing out pipe which may be the breathing in pipe
  • a breathing out valve which may be the breathing in pipe
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a breathing apparatus of the above general type which is so arranged that it is a compact unit adapted to be easily carried in front of the upper part of the divers body without impeding him.
  • This breathing apparatus is characterized in that it comprises a container for compressed breathable gas, in the form of a volume generated by a closed conical curve moving along a directrix which is itself a conic but is not necessarily closed, the pressure regulator of the apparatus being disposed in the free space surrounded by said volume.
  • Figure 1 shows the preferred form of embodiment of a compressed air container.
  • Figure 2 shows a modified form of a compressed air container.
  • Figure 3 shows, at a larger scale and with a portion broken away, the container of Figure 1 with its regulator and breathing pipe.
  • Figure 4 is a top view of the device of Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is a modified form of adaptation of the breathing pipe to the air container.
  • Figure 6 shows another form of embodiment of the breathing hose.
  • Figure 7 shows a diver equipped with a breathing apparatus according to the invention.
  • the container of the breathing apparatus has the shape of a tore 1 (Fig. 1) in the central free space of which is located a generally cylindrical pressure regulator 2.
  • Said regulator is of the known type including a flexible diaphragm on the outer face of which is applied thepressure of the surrounding water.
  • the regulator is connected with the container through a high pressure tube provided with a valve 3 adapted to allow said container to be filled with air, and with a pressure-gauge 5. It is to be noted that, due to the ventral position of the apparatus, said pressure-gauge is placed under the direct observation of the diver.
  • FIG. 2 shows an apparatus in which the air container 2,844,145 Patented July 22, 1958 1a has a U shape, the pressure regulator being inserted between the legs of said U.
  • FIG 3 9 indicates the fastening elements of the container 1. It is obvious that said container lends itself to a convenient type of attachment to the body by means of suspenders or a belt.
  • a single breathing hose 7 provided with an inner breathing out pipe 10.
  • the air breathed in first passes through the annular space 11, then it flows through openings 12 to the inner pipe 10 and thence to the mouthpiece 8.
  • a breathing out valve the function of which is to prevent carbon dioxide from being sucked back during the breathing in of the diver.
  • a three ways cock 13 allows to put in communication the mouth-piece 8 either with the breathing circuit or with a snorckel 14 for breathing in atmospheric air.
  • a casing 16 is provided for protecting the regulator 2 and the high pressure pipe 4. Said casing gives to the whole of the breathing apparatus a hydrodynamic profile and prevents the risks of entanglement or hooking.
  • the portion 20 ( Figure 4) of the central recess of the toric container which is not filled with the regulator may be used for lodging ballasting weights so avoiding the inconveniences of the ballasting with a lead belt.
  • Figure 5 shows a modified form of the breathing circuit in which are provided two separate hoses 17 and 18 one for the breathing in and the other for the breathing out.
  • the breathing circuit consists of a single hose divided into two passages by a flexible wall 19.
  • the apparatus described is used at the best in a ventral position but it may obviously be borne in a dorsal position by keeping the most of its advantages. It may be also used in environments other than underwater such deleterious atmospheres.
  • a breathing apparatus for divers of the general kind set forth wherein the apparatus comprises a pressure regulator, and a container for compressed breathable gas, in the form of a volume generated by a closed conical curve moving along a directn'x, which is itself a conic but is not necessarily closed, the pressure regulator of the apparatus being placed in the free space by the said volume.
  • a breathable gas container of toric shape adapted to be borne by the user in a ventral position
  • a cylindrical gas pressure regulator fitted in the central recess of said container and having an air inlet connected with the container and an expanded air outlet connected with the entrance of the respiratory tracts of the user, and an exhaust valve allowing the user to breathe out into the water.
  • a breathable gas container having a U shape
  • a gas pressure regulator fitted between the legs of said U and having an air inlet connected with the container and an expanded air outlet connected with the entrance of the respiratory tracts of the diver, and an exhaust valve allowing the user to breathe out into the water.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Description

Jul 22, 1958 G. BERGE 2,844, 5
SELF- -CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 12, 1955 INVENTOR BY A ATTORNEYS United States Patent SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS I Georges Berg, Madrid, Spain Application January 12, 1955, Serial No. 481,431
Claims priority, application France January 15, 1954 3 Claims. (Cl. 128-142) This invention relates to self-contained breathing apparatus, in particular for divers, of the well known type including at least a metal cylinder containing a compressed breathable gas, such as air, a pressure regulator connected with said cylinder and delivering to the diver air expanded to a pressure substantially equal to the water pressure on the outer face of a flexible diaphragm provided in said regulator, a breathing in pipe for connecting the air outlet of the regulator to a mouthpiece, a breathing out pipe which may be the breathing in pipe, and a breathing out valve.
The main object of the present invention is to provide a breathing apparatus of the above general type which is so arranged that it is a compact unit adapted to be easily carried in front of the upper part of the divers body without impeding him.
This breathing apparatus is characterized in that it comprises a container for compressed breathable gas, in the form of a volume generated by a closed conical curve moving along a directrix which is itself a conic but is not necessarily closed, the pressure regulator of the apparatus being disposed in the free space surrounded by said volume.
The accompanying drawings show by way of example only some embodiments of the invention.
Figure 1 shows the preferred form of embodiment of a compressed air container.
Figure 2 shows a modified form of a compressed air container.
Figure 3 shows, at a larger scale and with a portion broken away, the container of Figure 1 with its regulator and breathing pipe.
Figure 4 is a top view of the device of Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a modified form of adaptation of the breathing pipe to the air container.
Figure 6 shows another form of embodiment of the breathing hose.
Figure 7 shows a diver equipped with a breathing apparatus according to the invention.
Preferably, the container of the breathing apparatus has the shape of a tore 1 (Fig. 1) in the central free space of which is located a generally cylindrical pressure regulator 2. Said regulator is of the known type including a flexible diaphragm on the outer face of which is applied thepressure of the surrounding water. The regulator is connected with the container through a high pressure tube provided with a valve 3 adapted to allow said container to be filled with air, and with a pressure-gauge 5. It is to be noted that, due to the ventral position of the apparatus, said pressure-gauge is placed under the direct observation of the diver. The expanded air delivered by the regulator 2 at a pressure substantially equal to that of the water on the outer face of the diaphragm is breathed in by the diver through a pipe 7 which connects the regulator with a mouthpiece 8. Figure 2 shows an apparatus in which the air container 2,844,145 Patented July 22, 1958 1a has a U shape, the pressure regulator being inserted between the legs of said U.
In Figure 3, 9 indicates the fastening elements of the container 1. It is obvious that said container lends itself to a convenient type of attachment to the body by means of suspenders or a belt.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, use is made of a single breathing hose 7 provided with an inner breathing out pipe 10. An indicated by the arrows, the air breathed in first passes through the annular space 11, then it flows through openings 12 to the inner pipe 10 and thence to the mouthpiece 8. At 15 is provided a breathing out valve the function of which is to prevent carbon dioxide from being sucked back during the breathing in of the diver.
A three ways cock 13 allows to put in communication the mouth-piece 8 either with the breathing circuit or with a snorckel 14 for breathing in atmospheric air.
In the example shown in Figure 3, a casing 16 is provided for protecting the regulator 2 and the high pressure pipe 4. Said casing gives to the whole of the breathing apparatus a hydrodynamic profile and prevents the risks of entanglement or hooking. The portion 20 (Figure 4) of the central recess of the toric container which is not filled with the regulator may be used for lodging ballasting weights so avoiding the inconveniences of the ballasting with a lead belt.
Figure 5 shows a modified form of the breathing circuit in which are provided two separate hoses 17 and 18 one for the breathing in and the other for the breathing out. In the modified form of Figure 6, the breathing circuit consists of a single hose divided into two passages by a flexible wall 19.
The apparatus described is used at the best in a ventral position but it may obviously be borne in a dorsal position by keeping the most of its advantages. It may be also used in environments other than underwater such deleterious atmospheres.
What I claim is:
1. A breathing apparatus for divers of the general kind set forth, wherein the apparatus comprises a pressure regulator, and a container for compressed breathable gas, in the form of a volume generated by a closed conical curve moving along a directn'x, which is itself a conic but is not necessarily closed, the pressure regulator of the apparatus being placed in the free space by the said volume.
2. In a self-contained breathing apparatus of thegeneral kind set forth, in combination, a breathable gas container of toric shape adapted to be borne by the user in a ventral position, a cylindrical gas pressure regulator fitted in the central recess of said container and having an air inlet connected with the container and an expanded air outlet connected with the entrance of the respiratory tracts of the user, and an exhaust valve allowing the user to breathe out into the water.
3. In a self-contained breathing apparatus of the general kind set forth, in combination, a breathable gas container having a U shape, a gas pressure regulator fitted between the legs of said U and having an air inlet connected with the container and an expanded air outlet connected with the entrance of the respiratory tracts of the diver, and an exhaust valve allowing the user to breathe out into the water.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,608,264 Figlietti Nov. 23, 1926 2,488,261 Bedini Nov. 15, 1949 2,682,871 Arpin July 6, 1954
US481431A 1954-01-15 1955-01-12 Self-contained breathing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2844145A (en)

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FR2844145X 1954-01-15

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DE (1) DE1028012B (en)
FR (1) FR1098234A (en)
GB (1) GB768865A (en)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4086923A (en) * 1976-01-05 1978-05-02 Melvyn Lane Henkin Altitude conditioning method and apparatus
US4210137A (en) * 1976-01-05 1980-07-01 Henkin Melvyn Lane Altitude conditioning method and apparatus
US4273120A (en) * 1978-02-27 1981-06-16 Submarine Products Limited Underwater breathing apparatus
US5435305A (en) * 1993-05-24 1995-07-25 Rankin, Sr.; Pleasant P. Emergency air supply pack
EP0803434A2 (en) * 1996-04-23 1997-10-29 HTM SPORT S.p.A. Regulator for underwater breathing apparatus
US5954250A (en) * 1996-05-31 1999-09-21 Draeger Limited Harnesses
US6357439B1 (en) * 1995-09-23 2002-03-19 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of Theunited Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Gas containment apparatus
US6405728B1 (en) 1995-06-09 2002-06-18 Draeger Limited Breathing apparatus
US20020153009A1 (en) * 1999-12-01 2002-10-24 Chornyj Nicholas Anthony Breathing apparatus and pressure vessels therefor
WO2002094653A1 (en) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-28 Sarkis Tokatlian Sub aqua breathing system
US20050000515A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-06 Norman Pokras Combination oxygen supplement and swimming snorkel apparatus
US20050191135A1 (en) * 2004-02-26 2005-09-01 Aquaturis, Inc. Aquatic breathing apparatus, system, and associated methods
US20070101995A1 (en) * 2001-04-06 2007-05-10 Failsafe Air Vest Corporation Breathing apparatus and pressure vessels therefor

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1017933B (en) * 1955-12-19 1957-10-17 Draegerwerk Ag Diving device with a snorkel and with a compressed gas device
DE2644806B2 (en) * 1976-10-05 1979-04-05 Draegerwerk Ag, 2400 Luebeck Breathing apparatus with a breathing air circuit
ZW5486A1 (en) * 1985-03-06 1986-06-11 Siebe Gorman & Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to breathing apparatus

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1608264A (en) * 1926-01-13 1926-11-23 Figlietti Germano Life preserver
US2488261A (en) * 1947-02-01 1949-11-15 Pirelli Submarine mask for atmospheric and autonomous breathing
US2682871A (en) * 1953-08-04 1954-07-06 Arpin John William Breathing regulator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1608264A (en) * 1926-01-13 1926-11-23 Figlietti Germano Life preserver
US2488261A (en) * 1947-02-01 1949-11-15 Pirelli Submarine mask for atmospheric and autonomous breathing
US2682871A (en) * 1953-08-04 1954-07-06 Arpin John William Breathing regulator

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4210137A (en) * 1976-01-05 1980-07-01 Henkin Melvyn Lane Altitude conditioning method and apparatus
US4086923A (en) * 1976-01-05 1978-05-02 Melvyn Lane Henkin Altitude conditioning method and apparatus
US4273120A (en) * 1978-02-27 1981-06-16 Submarine Products Limited Underwater breathing apparatus
US5435305A (en) * 1993-05-24 1995-07-25 Rankin, Sr.; Pleasant P. Emergency air supply pack
US6405728B1 (en) 1995-06-09 2002-06-18 Draeger Limited Breathing apparatus
US6357439B1 (en) * 1995-09-23 2002-03-19 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of Theunited Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Gas containment apparatus
EP0803434A2 (en) * 1996-04-23 1997-10-29 HTM SPORT S.p.A. Regulator for underwater breathing apparatus
EP0803434A3 (en) * 1996-04-23 1997-12-29 HTM SPORT S.p.A. Regulator for underwater breathing apparatus
US5954250A (en) * 1996-05-31 1999-09-21 Draeger Limited Harnesses
US7156094B2 (en) * 1999-12-01 2007-01-02 Failsafe Air Vest Corporation Breathing apparatus and pressure vessels therefor
US20020153009A1 (en) * 1999-12-01 2002-10-24 Chornyj Nicholas Anthony Breathing apparatus and pressure vessels therefor
US20070101995A1 (en) * 2001-04-06 2007-05-10 Failsafe Air Vest Corporation Breathing apparatus and pressure vessels therefor
WO2002094653A1 (en) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-28 Sarkis Tokatlian Sub aqua breathing system
US7011089B2 (en) * 2001-05-18 2006-03-14 Sarkis Tokatlian Sub-aqua breathing system
GB2375488B (en) * 2001-05-18 2004-09-15 Sarkis Tokatlian Sub aqua breathing system
US20040163642A1 (en) * 2001-05-18 2004-08-26 Sarkis Tokatlian Sub aqua breathing system
AU2002307962B2 (en) * 2001-05-18 2008-03-13 Sarkis Tokatlian Sub aqua breathing system
US20050000515A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-06 Norman Pokras Combination oxygen supplement and swimming snorkel apparatus
US6915801B2 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-07-12 Norman Pokras Combination oxygen supplement and swimming snorkel apparatus
US20050191135A1 (en) * 2004-02-26 2005-09-01 Aquaturis, Inc. Aquatic breathing apparatus, system, and associated methods
US7083361B2 (en) * 2004-02-26 2006-08-01 Aquaturis, Inc. Aquatic breathing apparatus, system, and associated methods

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Publication number Publication date
GB768865A (en) 1957-02-20
DE1028012B (en) 1958-04-10
FR1098234A (en) 1955-07-20

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