US2839669A - Thread illuminator - Google Patents

Thread illuminator Download PDF

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Publication number
US2839669A
US2839669A US461318A US46131854A US2839669A US 2839669 A US2839669 A US 2839669A US 461318 A US461318 A US 461318A US 46131854 A US46131854 A US 46131854A US 2839669 A US2839669 A US 2839669A
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United States
Prior art keywords
frame
illuminator
threads
lamp
source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US461318A
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English (en)
Inventor
Meiners Carl Otto
Lessing Walter
Lessing Walter Benno
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Meiners Optical Devices Ltd
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Meiners Optical Devices Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Meiners Optical Devices Ltd filed Critical Meiners Optical Devices Ltd
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H13/00—Other common constructional features, details or accessories
    • D01H13/14—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions ; Monitoring the entanglement of slivers in drafting arrangements
    • D01H13/16—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions ; Monitoring the entanglement of slivers in drafting arrangements responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material
    • D01H13/1616—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions ; Monitoring the entanglement of slivers in drafting arrangements responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material characterised by the detector
    • D01H13/1666—Lighting or luminous devices making easier the setting of the breakage of yarns
    • D01H13/1675—Pencil of rays on side of machines

Definitions

  • This invention relates to thread illuminators for use on spinning and certain other textile machines. e :In the ring spinning frames used in the cotton and worstedindustries, the threads run down from drawing rollers to'and through a thread guide and then to the spindle.
  • the threads are very difficult to detect. This is particularlythe case with fine counts and with coloured or dark threads.
  • the thread illuminating devices which have so far been ofiered to the spinnner have been based on the use of reflectors and of electric filament lamps.
  • the textile machines in question are of substantial length; 2030 feet is common and 50 feet is not unusual.
  • the use of a projector has not proved a satisfactory solution because the intensity of the beam which it projects decreases rapidly along the length of the beam. In practice, it is not possible to ensure the production of a parallel beam.
  • the beam produced by a projector is a cone which increases in diameter as the distance from the projectorincreases, with the consequence that parts of the machine are illuminated in addition to the threads.
  • projectors involve reflectors whichunavoidw
  • the absolute degree of illumination is dependent on the power of the lamp but increasing that power to the limit of. what can be achieved with a filament lamp has not produced any material improvement.
  • the yarn illuminator in accordance with the invention comprises a source of light having a brightness of at least 2,000 :stilb (2,000 candles per sq. cm.) and emitting short waves not extending substantially outside the blue and blue-green ranges of the spectrum, which is used in conjunction withan optical system which projects along the machine an imageof the light source as distinct from collecting light from the source and projecting it by refleeting in the form of a beam.
  • the convergence of the beam can be 'very slight. It can, indeed, be such that over the length of the frame, the beam is, to all intents and purposes, parallel.
  • the highintensity of the source of light also has the advantage that the lenses and other optical elements of the optical system do not have to be of remarkably good quality and, therefore, need not be particularly expensive.
  • one source of light can, if desired, be used for the illumination of the y'arns on both sides of a doublesided ;textile frame, through separate optical systems.
  • lamps having the required characteristics are rather expensive, that expedient will generally be resorted to. Indeed, where, as is not infrequently the case in twisting machines, there are four rows of spindles, a single discharge lamp. can be used for the illumination of the threads going .to all four rows.
  • Figure 2 is a diagrammatic end view of Figure 1; Figures 3 and 4 correspond to Figures 1 and 2. and
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the illuminator
  • Figure 6 is a similar view illustrating the use-of the illuminator when itis mounted as in Figure 3,.
  • Figures 7-13 show a number of diflerent optical systems.
  • FIGs l-4- is a conventional ring spinning frame having a creel 10.
  • the threads 12 pass down through a thread guide 14 below which they arewhirled or ballooned as they are laid on the bobbins 16.
  • the frame is double sided as indicated in Figures 2 and 4.
  • the illuminator consists of a casing providing a cen-' tral housing 20 for a lamp 22 and two oppositely directed trunks 24. Within each trunk, there is an apertured plate 26 forming an optical stop and a plane mirror 28 which is set at 45 to the longitudinal axis of the trunk. which collects the light reflected by the-mirror 28.
  • the illuminator is mounted on the machine so that the lenses 30 project light from the lamp 22 across the threads as they pass down to the thread guide 14.
  • the lamp 22 is a mercury vapour lamp. Suchlamps can have a brightness of the order of 8,000 to 10,000
  • the optical system is that shown in Figure 8 which will be explained in due course. At the moment, it is suflicient to say that it projects along each side of the frame through the lenses 30, slightly convergent beams which may, if .desired, be reflected backwards by nondazzle mirrors 32.
  • the brightness and quality of the light emitted by the lamp are such that the threads 12 are thrown up in relief and can be easily watched individually.
  • the illuminator at the end of the frame as shown in Figures 1 and 2, it may be mounted above the end as shown in Figures 3 and 4. With that in view, the ends 34 which carry the mirrors 28 and lenses 30' are mounted to slide on and off the trunks 24.
  • the latter are of square cross-section so that the ends 34 can be mounted,
  • each trunk there is a lens 30 include a collector lens C immediately beyond the stop S.
  • the emergent beam can, if desired, be reflected outside the tube T as, for example, by the mirror Mv shown in Figure 12.
  • the incident beam may, as shown in Figure 13, be reflected parallel to itself by a prism Pr.
  • a plano-convex collector lens such as the lens C shown in Figures 10 and 11 may produce an excessive magnification of the light source. In thatcase, it can be replaced by a bi-convex lens.
  • the lens P is designed to produce a convergent emergent beam the point of convergence of which is at least half way along the length of the frame so that,
  • the lens P receives from the lamp a divergent beam through the aperture in the stopS and transmits it as a slightly convergent beam.
  • Textileyarns and rovings differ very 'much in colour, lustre and reflective power. It is only by using the blue and blue-green range of the spectrum that one can be sure of so illuminating the threads that they become readily visible. a brightness of not less than 2,000 stilb answers all these requirements. Although the first cost of such a lamp is rather high in comparison with that of an incandescent lamp, it has the advantage of having a long life.
  • the invention is, of course, not restricted to mercury vapour lamps. Any other lamp having the required brightness and giving light in the appropriate range of the spectrum can be used.
  • a textile machine having a double-sided machine frame, thread guides and bobbins mounted on both sides of the frame, threads running from said guides to said bobbins, the said threads being arranged in two substantially parallel rows extending lengthwise of the frame one on each side thereof, an illuminator mounted on the frame so as to project two beams of light of similar characteristics along the length of the frame in parallel paths and thus illuminate the said rows of threads,
  • the illumi nator comprising a housing, a source of light in said housing having a brightness of at least substantially 2,000 stilb and emitting short wave rays not extending substantially beyond the blue and blue-green range of the spectrum, two outlets in the housing for the said beams, and two optical systems in the housing each located beneath the source and one of the outlets and each for projecting one of the beams along the length of the frame in'the path of one row of threads, each optical system being such that each said beam converges to a focus at a distance from the source not shorter than half the length of the frame
  • a textile machine having a double-sided machine frame, thread guides and bobbins mounted on both sides of the frame, threads running from said guides to said bobbins, the said threads being arranged in two substantially parallel rows extending lengthwise of the frame one on each side thereof, an illuminator mounted on the frame so 'flStOEPlOjCCl two beams'of light of similar characteristics along the length of the frame in parallel paths- As.
  • a beam of restricted dimensions be-- The mercury vapour discharge lamp ofv and thus illuminate the said rows of threads
  • the illuminator comprising a housing, a source of light in said housing having a brightness at least substantially 2,000 stilb and emitting short wave rays not extending substantially beyond the blue and blue-green range of the spectrum, two outlets in the housing for the said beams, and two optical systems in the housing each located beneath the source and one of the outlets and each for projecting one of the beams along the length of the frame in the path of one row of threads, each optical system being such that each said beam converges to a focus at a distance from the source not shorter than half the length of the frame, the illuminator comprising a lamp compartment in said housing, a mercury vapour lamp in said lamp compartment, a pair of open-ended trunks extending in opposite directions from the lamp compartment an optical stop and a collector lens located intermediate the ends of each trunk, a mirror arranged in each trunk and set to reflect the said short-wave rays from the
  • each mirror and associated biconvex lens are mounted in a part of which the orientation is variable to enable the direction of the emergent beams to be adjusted.
  • illuminator means mounted on the frame so as to project two beams of light of similar characteristics along the length of the frame in parallel paths and thus illuminate the said rows of threads, the illuminator means comprising a housing, a source of light in said housing having a brightness of at least substantially 2,000 stilo and emitting short wave rays not extending substantially beyond the blue and blue/green range of the spectrum, an outlet in the housing for the said beam, an optical system in the housing located between the source and the outlet for projecting a beam along the length of the frame in the path of one row of threads, said optical system being such that said beam converges to a focus at a distance from the source not shorter than half the length of the frame; said illuminator means comprising a lamp

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
US461318A 1953-10-15 1954-10-11 Thread illuminator Expired - Lifetime US2839669A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB28477/53A GB781458A (en) 1953-10-15 1953-10-15 Improvements in and relating to thread illuminators for textile machines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2839669A true US2839669A (en) 1958-06-17

Family

ID=10276255

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US461318A Expired - Lifetime US2839669A (en) 1953-10-15 1954-10-11 Thread illuminator

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2839669A (de)
BE (1) BE532537A (de)
GB (1) GB781458A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3034538A (en) * 1957-04-12 1962-05-15 Meiners Optical Devices Ltd Illuminating device for looms
US3733479A (en) * 1971-09-23 1973-05-15 Los Angeles Miniature Products End lamp accessory
EP3085651A1 (de) * 2015-04-24 2016-10-26 Murata Machinery, Ltd. Textilmaschine

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1277109A (en) * 1917-04-05 1918-08-27 Bausch & Lomb Operating-table illuminator.
US1451294A (en) * 1920-12-14 1923-04-10 Louis Claude Alexandre D Douce Firearm for teaching or practicing the aiming thereof, and for adapting the same forsignaling
US1602245A (en) * 1924-09-11 1926-10-05 Nisbet James Mercury-vapor lamp
US1924983A (en) * 1932-04-02 1933-08-29 Dietrich Clarence William Vehicle headlight
US2465248A (en) * 1946-06-11 1949-03-22 Century Lighting Inc Electric light fixture
US2625785A (en) * 1949-08-22 1953-01-20 Meiners Carl Otto Illuminating means for spinning and twining machines

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1277109A (en) * 1917-04-05 1918-08-27 Bausch & Lomb Operating-table illuminator.
US1451294A (en) * 1920-12-14 1923-04-10 Louis Claude Alexandre D Douce Firearm for teaching or practicing the aiming thereof, and for adapting the same forsignaling
US1602245A (en) * 1924-09-11 1926-10-05 Nisbet James Mercury-vapor lamp
US1924983A (en) * 1932-04-02 1933-08-29 Dietrich Clarence William Vehicle headlight
US2465248A (en) * 1946-06-11 1949-03-22 Century Lighting Inc Electric light fixture
US2625785A (en) * 1949-08-22 1953-01-20 Meiners Carl Otto Illuminating means for spinning and twining machines

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3034538A (en) * 1957-04-12 1962-05-15 Meiners Optical Devices Ltd Illuminating device for looms
US3733479A (en) * 1971-09-23 1973-05-15 Los Angeles Miniature Products End lamp accessory
EP3085651A1 (de) * 2015-04-24 2016-10-26 Murata Machinery, Ltd. Textilmaschine
CN106064762A (zh) * 2015-04-24 2016-11-02 村田机械株式会社 纤维机械
CN106064762B (zh) * 2015-04-24 2019-08-30 村田机械株式会社 纤维机械

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Publication number Publication date
GB781458A (en) 1957-08-21
BE532537A (de)

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