US2836514A - Hard surface coated gear member - Google Patents

Hard surface coated gear member Download PDF

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Publication number
US2836514A
US2836514A US468934A US46893454A US2836514A US 2836514 A US2836514 A US 2836514A US 468934 A US468934 A US 468934A US 46893454 A US46893454 A US 46893454A US 2836514 A US2836514 A US 2836514A
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Prior art keywords
coating
gear member
hard
titanium
surface coated
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US468934A
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Munster Arnold
Weber Richard
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GEA Group AG
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Metallgesellschaft AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/041—Coatings or solid lubricants, e.g. antiseize layers or pastes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/56—Coatings, e.g. enameled or galvanised; Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C16/0272—Deposition of sub-layers, e.g. to promote the adhesion of the main coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/32—Carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/34—Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/36—Carbonitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/38—Borides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/42—Silicides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/62—Selection of substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/26—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2909/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2803/00 - B29K2807/00, as mould material
    • B29K2909/02—Ceramics
    • B29K2909/04—Carbides; Nitrides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49462—Gear making
    • Y10T29/49467—Gear shaping
    • Y10T29/4948—Gear shaping with specific gear material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12229—Intermediate article [e.g., blank, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12236—Panel having nonrectangular perimeter
    • Y10T428/12243—Disk
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12674—Ge- or Si-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/21—Circular sheet or circular blank
    • Y10T428/211—Gear
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/1987—Rotary bodies

Definitions

  • a substantial improvement in the wear resistance of the tooth iianks can be achieved by providing at least these most highly stressed parts of the gear wheels with a coating of a hard nitride, hard boride and/or hard silicide of the metals of groups 3 to 6 of the periodic system, which coating may contain also hard carbides of metals of groups 3 to 6 of the periodic system, preferably in a homogeneous form, as mixed crystals with the other hard substances, or in a heterogeneous form.
  • the hard compounds may be applied as mixed layers, e. g. of mixed crystals, or in separate layers. Such layers may be applied on the steels preferred for gear Wheels, as well as on other materials, such as bronzes.
  • the wearing qualities of the base material used are not critical because the coating applied according to the invention has a very high wear resistance and possesses the strength and coherence necessary to resist impacts.
  • the coating is preferably applied out of the gaseous phase.
  • Coatings of titanium nitride may be precipitated directly on the surface of the workpiece, e. g., by the following reaction:
  • Suitable hard nitrides include in addition to titanium nitride the nitrides of zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, columbium and tantalum.
  • the metal which is to form the silicide may be precipitated rst on the surface to be coated, e. g., according to the following reaction:
  • the metal may be converted to its silicide by a known method, e. g., according to the following reaction:
  • Ti+SC1i1+2H2 titanium silicide-l-4HC1
  • mixed-crystal coating of tantalum carbide and tantalumv nitride may be produced by precipitating tantalum from a mixture of hydrogen and tantalum pentachloride vapor, and transforming said tantalum to a mixture of tantalum carbide and tantalum nitride by annealing in a mixture of nitrogen and hydrocarbons.
  • a hard coating is obtained which is able to follow a deformation of the ground material.
  • a heterogeneous coating consisting of a layer of titanium nitride and a layer of titanium carbide may be applied by coating the workpiece with titanium nitride rst, according to Reaction l.
  • a gas mixture consisting of titanium tetrachloride, hydrogen, and hydrocarbons such as methane By reacting a gas mixture consisting of titanium tetrachloride, hydrogen, and hydrocarbons such as methane, another layer consisting of titanium carbide is precipitated on said titanium nitride layer.
  • the drawing shows a gear wheel 1 the teeth of which have a coating 2 of titanium nitride.
  • a gear member having a hard coating on its mating surface portions consisting of a coating comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, titanium silicide and titanium boride deposited by a gas phase reaction.
  • a gear member having a hard coating on its mating surface portions consisting of a coating comprising titanium nitride deposited by a gas phase reaction.
  • a steel gear member having a hard coating on its v mating surface portions consisting of a coating comprising titanium nitride deposited by a gas phase reaction.
  • a bronze gear member having a hard coating on its mating surface portions consisting of a coating comprising titanium nitride deposited by a gas phase reaction.

Description

May 27, 1958 A. MNSTER ETAL 2,836,514
HARD SURFACE COATED GEAR MEMBER Filed Nov. 15. 1954 Unite Stats ant HARD SURFASE @DATED GEAR NEMBER Arnold Mnster and Richard Weber, Frankfurt am Main,
Germany, assignors to Metailgesellschaft Aktiengeseilschaft, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, a corporation o Germany Cil Gear Wheels, such as spur gears, bevel gears, pinions, worms and worm wheels for heavy duty, and sprockets are subjected to particularly high stresses because the supporting areas of the flanks are very small and the build-up of a lubricating film is impaired by the pressures prevailing. For this reason the wear at the ilanks is very high and it is endeavored to provide a high Wear resistance of the mating surfaces by a proper selection of the material and design and to separate the mating surfaces,
e. g., by the use of special lubricants.
It has been found that a substantial improvement in the wear resistance of the tooth iianks can be achieved by providing at least these most highly stressed parts of the gear wheels with a coating of a hard nitride, hard boride and/or hard silicide of the metals of groups 3 to 6 of the periodic system, which coating may contain also hard carbides of metals of groups 3 to 6 of the periodic system, preferably in a homogeneous form, as mixed crystals with the other hard substances, or in a heterogeneous form. The hard compounds may be applied as mixed layers, e. g. of mixed crystals, or in separate layers. Such layers may be applied on the steels preferred for gear Wheels, as well as on other materials, such as bronzes. The wearing qualities of the base material used are not critical because the coating applied according to the invention has a very high wear resistance and possesses the strength and coherence necessary to resist impacts.
The coating is preferably applied out of the gaseous phase.
Coatings of titanium nitride may be precipitated directly on the surface of the workpiece, e. g., by the following reaction:
Suitable hard nitrides include in addition to titanium nitride the nitrides of zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, columbium and tantalum.
To produce coatings consisting of silicides the metal which is to form the silicide may be precipitated rst on the surface to be coated, e. g., according to the following reaction:
l2,836,531: Patented May 27, 1958 Then the metal may be converted to its silicide by a known method, e. g., according to the following reaction:
Ti+SC1i1+2H2=titanium silicide-l-4HC1 (3) mixed-crystal coating of tantalum carbide and tantalumv nitride may be produced by precipitating tantalum from a mixture of hydrogen and tantalum pentachloride vapor, and transforming said tantalum to a mixture of tantalum carbide and tantalum nitride by annealing in a mixture of nitrogen and hydrocarbons. Thus a hard coating is obtained which is able to follow a deformation of the ground material.
A heterogeneous coating consisting of a layer of titanium nitride and a layer of titanium carbide may be applied by coating the workpiece with titanium nitride rst, according to Reaction l. By reacting a gas mixture consisting of titanium tetrachloride, hydrogen, and hydrocarbons such as methane, another layer consisting of titanium carbide is precipitated on said titanium nitride layer.
The drawing shows a gear wheel 1 the teeth of which have a coating 2 of titanium nitride.
What is claimed is:
l. A gear member having a hard coating on its mating surface portions consisting of a coating comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, titanium silicide and titanium boride deposited by a gas phase reaction.
2. A gear member having a hard coating on its mating surface portions consisting of a coating comprising titanium nitride deposited by a gas phase reaction.
3. A steel gear member having a hard coating on its v mating surface portions consisting of a coating comprising titanium nitride deposited by a gas phase reaction.
4. A bronze gear member having a hard coating on its mating surface portions consisting of a coating comprising titanium nitride deposited by a gas phase reaction.
References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,098,794 Fleming June 2, 1914 1,794,810 Van Arkel et al. Mar. 3, 1931 1,923,814 Egan Aug. 22, 1933 2,307,005 Ruben Dec. 29, 1942 2,331,909 Hensel et al. Oct. 19, 1943

Claims (1)

1. A GEAR MEMBER HAVING A HARD COATING ON ITS MATING SURFACE PORTIONS CONSISTING OF A COATING COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF TITANIUM NITRIDE, TITANIUM SILICIDE AND TITANIUM BORIDE DEPOSITED BY A GAS PHASE REACTION.
US468934A 1953-11-16 1954-11-15 Hard surface coated gear member Expired - Lifetime US2836514A (en)

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DE769467X 1953-11-16
DE760664X 1953-11-25

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US (1) US2836514A (en)
DE (2) DE1069448B (en)
FR (4) FR1113043A (en)
GB (3) GB769467A (en)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US3207003A (en) * 1961-08-17 1965-09-21 Volvo Ab Gas turbine power plant
US3242006A (en) * 1961-10-03 1966-03-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Tantalum nitride film resistor
US3787223A (en) * 1968-10-16 1974-01-22 Texas Instruments Inc Chemical vapor deposition coatings on titanium
US3807008A (en) * 1969-05-02 1974-04-30 Texas Instruments Inc Chemical vapor deposition coatings on titanium
US3900592A (en) * 1973-07-25 1975-08-19 Airco Inc Method for coating a substrate to provide a titanium or zirconium nitride or carbide deposit having a hardness gradient which increases outwardly from the substrate
US3959557A (en) * 1974-11-04 1976-05-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Wear-resistant, nonabrading tic article and process for making
US3983303A (en) * 1974-04-16 1976-09-28 U.S. Philips Corporation Method of manufacturing articles from metal coated with a zirconium nitride layer
US4755399A (en) * 1983-05-27 1988-07-05 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Process for the production of a cutting tool
US4768281A (en) * 1985-04-12 1988-09-06 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Clutch discs for a fluid friction clutch and process for making same
DE4007483A1 (en) * 1989-03-21 1990-09-27 Moenninghoff Gmbh & Co Kg Masc Overload coupling with hub and two coupling halves - has interlocking sinusoidal teeth with non wear coating and being asymmetrically distributed
EP0827817A1 (en) * 1996-09-06 1998-03-11 Sandvik Aktiebolag Coated chain saw nose sprocket
US6432022B1 (en) 1998-05-15 2002-08-13 Alpha Getriebebau Gmbh Low-play planetary gear mechanism
DE10393256B4 (en) * 2002-09-06 2011-12-22 General Motors Llc ( N. D. Ges. D. Staates Delaware ) Planetary gear set with multi-layer coated sun gear

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US2962388A (en) * 1954-03-12 1960-11-29 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for the production of titanium carbide coatings
US2962399A (en) * 1956-05-07 1960-11-29 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for the deposition of titanium carbide coatings
US2926111A (en) * 1958-04-03 1960-02-23 Donald G Schweitzer Method of forming a protective coating on ferrous metal surfaces
FR1409876A (en) * 1964-07-22 1965-09-03 Berliet Automobiles Surface treatment to jointly improve friction and sealing
BE759088A (en) * 1969-11-28 1971-04-30 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag COATING LAYER FOR HARD METAL ELEMENTS FOR MACHINING WITH OR WITHOUT CHIPS REMOVAL AND PROCESS FOR DEPOSITING SUCH A LAYER
SE357772B (en) * 1972-08-18 1973-07-09 Sandvik Ab
CH624741A5 (en) * 1977-01-21 1981-08-14 Suisse Horlogerie Rech Lab Precision rolling bearing
EP0079860A1 (en) * 1981-11-16 1983-05-25 Battelle Memorial Institute Matrix surface for precision moulding or pressing plastics material, in particular for information carrying discs, and method of coating this surface
NL8203255A (en) * 1982-08-19 1984-03-16 Arbo Handel Ontwikkeling DIE FOR COVERING PARTS OF ELEMENTS WITH PLASTIC.
JPS61170559A (en) * 1985-01-21 1986-08-01 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Cover sintered hard alloy
JPS61288062A (en) * 1985-06-17 1986-12-18 エヌ・ベ−・フイリツプス・フル−イランペンフアブリケン Improvement of abrasion resistance of titanium matter
US5075181A (en) * 1989-05-05 1991-12-24 Kennametal Inc. High hardness/high compressive stress multilayer coated tool
DE4113526A1 (en) * 1991-04-25 1992-10-29 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Roller bearing - has one or more working parts coated with hard corrosion resistant material, typically chrome or tantalum carbide
JPH07139631A (en) * 1993-11-19 1995-05-30 Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd Pressure ring

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US1098794A (en) * 1912-10-29 1914-06-02 Nat Carbon Co Article with protective coating.
US1794810A (en) * 1923-05-18 1931-03-03 Philips Nv Incandescent cathode for electric discharge tubes
US1923814A (en) * 1931-08-11 1933-08-22 Electro Metallurg Co Nitriding
US2307005A (en) * 1940-06-21 1942-12-29 Ruben Samuel Method of treating metal composition
US2331909A (en) * 1940-12-04 1943-10-19 Mallory & Co Inc P R Gear and the like

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DE692212C (en) * 1936-04-19 1940-06-14 Bernhard Berghaus Process for the annealing of objects made from metals, in particular from light metals such as aluminum, or light metal alloys
DE726558C (en) * 1939-01-15 1942-10-15 Daimler Benz Ag Process for improving the running properties of roller bearings
DE764144C (en) * 1939-09-05 1952-07-24 Hartmetallwerkzeugfabrik Meuts Process for the production of hard supports for knives, cutting tools and other work equipment
CH214452A (en) * 1940-04-20 1941-04-30 Kohl Hans Roller bearing.
CH261180A (en) * 1947-01-03 1949-04-30 Engvall Albert Process for the manufacture of rollers for roller bearings.
CH277400A (en) * 1948-01-08 1951-08-31 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Process for increasing the resistance of the surface of steel parts to wear, especially at high temperatures.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1098794A (en) * 1912-10-29 1914-06-02 Nat Carbon Co Article with protective coating.
US1794810A (en) * 1923-05-18 1931-03-03 Philips Nv Incandescent cathode for electric discharge tubes
US1923814A (en) * 1931-08-11 1933-08-22 Electro Metallurg Co Nitriding
US2307005A (en) * 1940-06-21 1942-12-29 Ruben Samuel Method of treating metal composition
US2331909A (en) * 1940-12-04 1943-10-19 Mallory & Co Inc P R Gear and the like

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3207003A (en) * 1961-08-17 1965-09-21 Volvo Ab Gas turbine power plant
US3242006A (en) * 1961-10-03 1966-03-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Tantalum nitride film resistor
US3787223A (en) * 1968-10-16 1974-01-22 Texas Instruments Inc Chemical vapor deposition coatings on titanium
US3807008A (en) * 1969-05-02 1974-04-30 Texas Instruments Inc Chemical vapor deposition coatings on titanium
US3900592A (en) * 1973-07-25 1975-08-19 Airco Inc Method for coating a substrate to provide a titanium or zirconium nitride or carbide deposit having a hardness gradient which increases outwardly from the substrate
US3983303A (en) * 1974-04-16 1976-09-28 U.S. Philips Corporation Method of manufacturing articles from metal coated with a zirconium nitride layer
US3959557A (en) * 1974-11-04 1976-05-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Wear-resistant, nonabrading tic article and process for making
US4755399A (en) * 1983-05-27 1988-07-05 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Process for the production of a cutting tool
US4768281A (en) * 1985-04-12 1988-09-06 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Clutch discs for a fluid friction clutch and process for making same
DE4007483A1 (en) * 1989-03-21 1990-09-27 Moenninghoff Gmbh & Co Kg Masc Overload coupling with hub and two coupling halves - has interlocking sinusoidal teeth with non wear coating and being asymmetrically distributed
EP0827817A1 (en) * 1996-09-06 1998-03-11 Sandvik Aktiebolag Coated chain saw nose sprocket
US6432022B1 (en) 1998-05-15 2002-08-13 Alpha Getriebebau Gmbh Low-play planetary gear mechanism
DE10393256B4 (en) * 2002-09-06 2011-12-22 General Motors Llc ( N. D. Ges. D. Staates Delaware ) Planetary gear set with multi-layer coated sun gear

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE954564C (en) 1956-12-20
GB762931A (en) 1956-12-05
FR1113669A (en) 1956-04-03
GB769467A (en) 1957-03-06
FR1118086A (en) 1956-05-31
FR1113043A (en) 1956-03-22
GB760664A (en) 1956-11-07
DE1069448B (en) 1959-11-19
FR1113670A (en) 1956-04-03

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