US283212A - -qranson - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.v

y G. s. CHANSON. MACHINE FOR HULLING AND GRANULATING GRAIN. No. 288,212. Patented Aug. 14, 1888.

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(No Model.)

` MACHINE FOR HULLING AND GRANULATING GRAIN. No. 283,212. Patented Aug. 14, 188s.

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PETERS, Pham Lllllognp Y Wishm un. D C

, tional elevation of aimachine providedwith UNITED h STATES PATENT Garros.

GiLns s. oaANsoN, or YsitvnaGREEK, Nnw vonk.

.l ivlAoHlNE FQRHULLING AND VGRANUI .ATJNG GRAIN..

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 283,212, dated August 14, 1883.

` Application fledMaroh 31, 1893.` (.No model.) n

To al?, whom t may concern: Beit known that I, GrLns S. CRnNsoN, of Silver Creek, in the county of Chautauqua and State of New York, have invented new and use- `through the space between the corrugated faces of the plates. In machines of this class the comminution is liable to be carried too far, so that the shucks, hulls, or bran are out or reduced too finely, thereby causing the production of iine specks, which become commingled with the iinely-reduced particles of the hour-producing portions of the grain, from which it is very difficult to separate the specks afterward by bolting or purifying. h

The object of the first part of my invention i is to obviate this difiiculty and to construct the hulling and granulating mechanism in such manner that the fragments of the iiour-pro ducing portions of the kernels which have been reducedto the `proper degree of fineness are discharged from they hulling or reducing mechanism, and thereby prevented from being too finely reduced, while the coarse particles are further reduced.

` The second part of my invention relates to an improvement wherebyV the valuable particles of the product which are accidentally carried away by the separating air-current, together with the fragments of bran, shucks, or hulls, are recovered from said air-current and separated from the accompanying offal.

My invention consists to these ends ofthe h improvements which will be hereinafter fully described, and pointed'out in the claims.

\ 1 In `the accompanying drawings, consisting of two sheets, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sec- Fig. 2 is a horizontal section inline fr x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section in line y y, Fig. l. Fig. i is an elevation of the front end of the machine.` Figuis a perspective view of the upper corrugated my improvements.

' sired.'

plate inverted. Fig. -bis a longitudinal section of the lower corrugated plate and its sup! porting-frame, the two` parts being slightly separated. Fig. 7l is a cross-section of the plates and supporting parts on an enlarged scale. Fig. `8 is a similar view, showing a modified construction of the mechanism wherebythe upper plate is supported and adjusted.`

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several n gures.

A represents the stationary frame o f the machine, and A the feed-hopper supported on i The plate B may be constructed of steel, chilledcast-iron, glass, or other suitable material, and is preferably made detachable from its supporting frame or plate B, so that it can be reversed end for end on the same, when de- The supporting plate or frame B is provided with laterallyextending shoes b, which are provided with V-shaped grooves, by means of which they slide on rails D D. The" latter are secured in an inclinedposition to the inner sides of the frame A, and made adjustable on the same by adjusting-screws d, which work in threaded openingsin the rails D and pass through lugs df, secured to the frame A. rIhe screws d are secured in the de-y sired position by jam-nuts d2.

In Fig. 8, da represents a Aspiral or other suitable spring, which is interposed between the lower jam-nut, d, and the rail D, and which permits the latter to yield when astone .or other hard substance of unusual size passes between the plates. i Vhen` the spring is used, the lower end of the adjusting-screw Vpasses loosely through the rail, andthe latter steel, Vor they may be constructed'in separate `pieces and secured Yseparately to the supporting-frame F, so thatv each strip can be removed or reversed when required. The supportingframe F of the lower plate is provided with laterally-extending vshoes or guid es f, construct- IOO 2 esame ed like the shoes b'of the upper plate, and running on rails G, arranged below the rails D, and secured to the frame A by bolts g, passing through elongated holes g', formed in lugs or fianges on said rails. The supporting-frame F of the lower plate is provided on its upper side with raised longitudinal ribs or flanges f which fit snugly against both sides of the corrugated plate B and prevent the escape of the material from between the plates in a lateral direction.

h represents openings formed in the supporting-plate F, underneat-h the perforated portions c of the plate C, for the escape' of the iin'e material which passes through the perforations.

i represents a connectingrod,which extends from the ppper end of the plate B or its supporting-plate B to'an eccentric or crank, fZ, formed on or secured to the inner end of a horizontal shaft, 412, which is mounted in bearings zi, and whereby a reciprqcating motion is imparted to the plate B. The lower plate, C, receives a similar motion by means of a connecting-rod,-j, an eccentric or crank, j, and a shaft, j`, mounted in bearings j. The upper plate, B, is preferably reciprocated with less speed than the lower plate, C, so as to produce a differential motion between the ribs of the plates; or the upper plate may be made stationary, if desired, f

J represents a perforated plate, arranged at f the head of the lower plate, C, for separating the fine dust from the grain before it enters between the reducing-surfaces; and J is a hopper whereby the separated dust is discharged,

and which may be secured to the plate C orl any other suitable partof the machine.

corrugated surfaces of the plates.

' upper plateA and permit the free movement of K represents a feed-hopper, which is secured to t-he upper end of the frame F of the lower v.plate,`so as to receive the material from the hopper Aand deliver the same between the The hopper K is divided centrally in its lower portion, so as to straddle the connecting-rod Z of the the latter through the hopper.

L represents a shaking-shoe arranged under' i neath the plates B and C, and provided with separating sieves or screens Z Z', whereby the material is sepa-rated according to neness. The finest material-such as flour-passes through both sieves Z Z and falls on the inclined bottom ZZ of the shoe, from which it escapes by a spout, Z3. The coarser material-such as fragments of the meats or flour-producing inner portions of tl1ekernels-passes through the upper screen, Z, but not through the lower screen,

Ythe tail end of the screen Z.

Z', and escapes over the tail end of the screen Z into a spout, Z, and the coarsest materialsuch as hulls, shucks, or bran-escapes over The shoe L is N represents an ascending airspout, which receives the material from the spout Z*, and connects at its upper end with the eye a of a fan, O, the spout N being provided with a slide, fnf, in a well-known manner, to regulate the force and volume of the air-current.

p represents the discharge or blast spout of the fan, which extends downwardlyfrom the fan-case, and terminates at a short distance above an auxiliary screen, Q, which is secure d to the rear portion of the shoe L above the screen Z. rlhe blast-spoutp gradually enlarges laterally toward its lower end, wherebythe force ofthe blast is correspondingly reduced.

q represents a tight plate, which is arranged directly underneath the blast -spout at the head of the screen Q, and which receives the impact of the blast and of the material which is discharged with the blast. rlhe upper end of the plate q is turned over or curved back-V wardly to confine the blast and direct it toward the tail end of the screen Q, and the latter is provided with raised side pieces, q', which also confine thc blast and prevent any of the mateof hulls or bran a certain quantity of finer fragments of meats, and these fragments are further reduced by the beating action of `the fan-blades, while the tougher fragments of bran are not affected thereby. The blast escaping from the fan delivers this materia-l upon the tight plate q, from which it passes to the sieve Q. The latter effects a separation ofthe fine portions of the our-producing particles from the bran and thc hulls, the fine particles passing successively through the sieves Z Z, while the hulls and bran escape over the tail end of the sieve Q. Im this manner all of the valuable portions of the material, which wouldl otherwise be carried off by the air-blast with the offal, are separated from the offal and added to the flour-producing portion of the product.

The ribs or corrugations of the plates B and C should be constructed with 4reference to the particular kind of work for which they are intended. If it is desired to produce a cutting action, the ribs or corrugations should be angular and arranged to work with their abrupt sides toward each other 5 and if it is` derial from being blown over the sides of the IOO IIO

sired `to produce a non-cutting action, this is readily accomplished by reversing one of the plates on its supporting-frame, so as to cause the ribs to work with their inclined sides toward each other, or by employinground ribs or corrugations. When the corrugated portions e of the lower plate are made separate v from the perforated portions e thereof, the

i arranged diagonally, or more or less inclined,

if preferred.

The grain which is fed between the plates Bland C works toward the lower end of the plates by gravity, and is by the action of the plates broken up in such a manner as to sever P lo.

the outer tough coverings or hulls from the inner starchy or flour-producingportions of the kernels. As the starchy portions of the grain are more friable than the tough outer coverings, the inner portions are more quickly broken up, and as soon asthey have been reduced to the proper degree of iineness they escap'e through the perforations of 'the lower plate, and are no longer subjected tothe re dncing action of the plates. These `portions ofthe grain are therefore prevented from being pulverized too finely, and as a considerable portion of the material escapes through the perforated sections c before it reaches the ends of the plates, the latter are relieved from a 3o great deal of unnecessarywork. The material passing through the perforated sections falls upon the upper portion ofthe screen Z, and is immediately separated according to fiiieness, the flour and V.fine particles passing through the screens Z l, while the coarse particles or meats pass over the tail of the screen l. The material escaping over the lower ends of the plates B and C falls upon the lower portion of the screen Z, and is separated in a similar manner, the shucks, hulls, or bran escaping over the tail end of the sieve, as before stated.

.. My improved machine is especially adapted for hulling and granulating buckwheat; but it kmay alsobe employed for treating wheat and l. In a hulling or granulating machine,'the combination, witha plate, `B, having trans-4 verse grinding ribs, grooves, or corrugations, of aplate, C, provided with transverse ribbed, grooved, or corrugated grinding-sections and intermediate transverse perforated `sections, e7, and mechanism whereby a reciprocating movement is imparted to the grindingsurfaces, substantially as set forth. i p

2. In a hulling or granulating machine, the

removably to supporting arms or plates, and adapted to be reversed Aon the same end for combination of two reciprocating plates secu red end, to change the character of the action of the plates, substantially as set forth.

3.' rlhe combination, with a fan, O, a suction-spout, N, adapted to receive the material to be separated, and a blast-spout, p, of aplate, Q, arranged opposite the mouth of the disehargefspout, and adapted to collect the ma-A terial which is suspended in the air-current propelled'by the fan, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination,with a fan,O, a suction spout, N, and blast-spout p, of a plate, q, and screen Q, whereby the material contained in the -aircurrent delivered by the fan is collected and separated, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination,with a shaking-shoe, L, having a discharge-spout, Z, and a plate, q, and screen Q, of asuction-spout, N, fan 0and blast-spout p, terminating opposite the plate q, substantially as set forth. Y

6. The combinatio11,with the fan O, suction- 'spout N, and blast-spout p, of the plate q and screen Q, provided with raised head and side pieces, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with the lower plate,

C, of a perforated plate, J, arranged at the head of the plate, to discharge the dust before the grain enters between the reducing-plates, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, with the blast-spout of a fan, of a collecting plate or pan placedopposite the end of the discharge-spout, and hav ing a raised edge, wherebythe heavy material suspended in the air-current is collected, substantially as set forth.

' G.-s. cRANsoN.

Vitnesses:

JN0. J. BONNER, CHA-s. F. Gnvnn.

Images