US2823573A - Flange fastening clip for spools - Google Patents

Flange fastening clip for spools Download PDF

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Publication number
US2823573A
US2823573A US539304A US53930455A US2823573A US 2823573 A US2823573 A US 2823573A US 539304 A US539304 A US 539304A US 53930455 A US53930455 A US 53930455A US 2823573 A US2823573 A US 2823573A
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Prior art keywords
strips
spools
fastening clip
clip
core
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Expired - Lifetime
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US539304A
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John W Vasikonis
Bradley Owen
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
    • B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
    • B65H75/04—Kinds or types
    • B65H75/08—Kinds or types of circular or polygonal cross-section
    • B65H75/14—Kinds or types of circular or polygonal cross-section with two end flanges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B9/00—Connections of rods or tubular parts to flat surfaces at an angle
    • F16B9/05—Connections of rods or tubular parts to flat surfaces at an angle by way of an intermediate member
    • F16B9/052—Connections of rods or tubular parts to flat surfaces at an angle by way of an intermediate member the intermediate member having a radial flange secured to the flat surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B9/00—Connections of rods or tubular parts to flat surfaces at an angle
    • F16B9/05—Connections of rods or tubular parts to flat surfaces at an angle by way of an intermediate member
    • F16B9/056—Connections of rods or tubular parts to flat surfaces at an angle by way of an intermediate member the intermediate member extending through the flat surface; the rod or tubular part extending through the flat surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/50—Storage means for webs, tapes, or filamentary material
    • B65H2701/51—Cores or reels characterised by the material
    • B65H2701/511—Cores or reels characterised by the material essentially made of sheet material
    • B65H2701/5114—Metal sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16B2200/50—Flanged connections
    • F16B2200/503—Flanged connections the flange being separate from the elements to be connected
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49481—Wheel making
    • Y10T29/4949—Material winding, e.g., reel, spool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49915—Overedge assembling of seated part
    • Y10T29/49922—Overedge assembling of seated part by bending over projecting prongs

Definitions

  • rit is essential lthat these v.spools have the requisite strength to remain assembledfor a -suflcient period of time f to perform their intended purpose.
  • these spools are usuallyI con-v structed of .paper cardboard, pasted lcliipboard, binders boa-rd or :the tlike, and comprise Jyaftubula-r rolled paper core ⁇ to -which are xed two fiat'end lllanges fwh-ieh may be; and preferably are, manufactured from the above-mentioned materials.
  • This invention has as an object the provision of improved 'means forasecuring iendfa'n'gcs fof la kspool'toL the core flthereof.
  • Vf hasfas .l 'affurther vobject fthe provision of i f #simple and inexpensiveconstructionf ⁇ e assembly of .the 'end 'anges and a'fse'curing'telement lwhich ⁇ fai/ill lperinitr c'oreio'fzaispoollfinto'fafrigid andfserviceabk unit.
  • Thelslit central portion is generally dispo'sediin-aiplaneaangirlarlypositioned to'the vertical, with t'crr'tr'al 4Kp'ortionl'assuming in a'preferred vembodig of ythelirrve'ntion" a "generally p'yramidal shape.
  • ⁇ fillhelip1f'1the presentainvention may be positioned in place asa unit, and after it is so positioned maybe disf mernbered atftl'ieweakenedI central portion.
  • Figure l is a perspective View of the an'ge'fastening clip Atif'thepresentinvention. y
  • the'-'fla1'igev fastening clip of Y the present invention is designated generally by the numeral 10, and is preferably made of sheet metal, although it is to be understood that sheet metal is merely a shop expedient, and the invention is not limited thereto.
  • Flange fastening clip 10 includes a plurality of strip elements 12, four of which are shown in the illustrated embodiment of the present invention.
  • Each of the strip elements 12 includes a plurality of perforations 14 formed. therein by any type of punching device which provides an outstanding boss made up of random penetrating points or' teeth 16.
  • Each of the strip elements 12 is bent at a right angle to provide a horizontal leg 18 and a vertical leg 20 and is4 bent inwardly and centrally in the portion thereof adjacent the lowermost end of vertical leg 20 to form a central pyramidal or truncated pyramidal portion designated generally by the numeral 22.
  • the strip elements 12 are joined together at the apical center 24 of central pyramidal portion 22, with the sides of strip elements 12 slit taperedly inwardly along slits 26. While slits 26 greatly weaken central pyramidal portion 22, sufficient land is left therein to provide the structural strength necessary to retain flange fastening clip 10 as an integral unit. This may be accomplished even though the bridge or land region at apical center 24 constitutes' but a small percentage of the total area of ange fastening clip 10.
  • Figure 3 demonstrates the assembly of a spool unit orspool assembly designated generally by the numeral 28 which incorporates clip 10.
  • Spool unit includes a tube or core 30, preferably made of cardboard or the like, and a pair of end anges 32 preferably made of similar material. -To retain end flanges 32 in their fixed or secured position, Vthe spool unit 28 is provided with a flange fastening clip 10 ofthe present invention and a locking member 34 for each end tlange 32. Locking member 34 comprises a bushing of cardboard or like material.
  • the assembly of spool unit 28 is effected by placing end ange 32 at each end of tube 30, with the opening 33 in end ange 32 concentrically positioned in respect to the bore 31- of core 30, and then positioning flange fastening clip 10 within the bore of tube 30 with the horizontal legs 18 outermost and superposed over the outermost Vface of end flange 34.
  • the juncture is made by inserting locking member 34 within the cup formed by the strip elements 12 of ange fastening clip 10 and then tearing the ange fastening clip 10 apart by extending slits 26 and urging the points 16 on the horizontal legs 18 and vertical legs 20 into the outermost face of end flange 32 and the inner wall surface of tube 30 respectively.
  • locking member 34 securely locks the strip elements l2 in position to anchor the end flange 32 in its operative position.
  • a readily dismembered integral clip for joining the end ange and core of a spool including a center portion, a plurality of inwardly extending slits in said center portion, a plurality of strips extending outwardly from said center portion, with each of said strips having a plurality of outwardly extending projections delined by spaced pnnchings, and each of said strips being bent to form a generally "horizontal outermost portion and a generally upright portion adjacent said outermost portion.
  • a readily dismembered integral clip for joining the end :flange and core of a spool including a plurality of strips extending outwardly from a center portion, diagonal discontinuous slits substantially demarcating the innermost ends of said strips, with each of said strips having a plurality of outwardly extending projections defined by spaced punchings, and each of said strips being bent to form a generally horizontal outermost portion and -a generally upright portion adjacent said outermost portion.
  • a readily dismembered integral clip for joining the end 'ange and core of a spool including a center portion, a plurality of slits in said center portion, each of said slits extending inwardly to a point spaced a relatively small distance from the centerpoint of said clip, a plurality of strips extending outwardly from said center portion, each of said strips having a plurality of'outwardly extending projections defined by spaced punchings, and each of said strips being bent to form a generally horizontal outermost portion and a generally upright portion adjacent said outermost portion.

Description

Feb. 18, 1958 J. w. vAslKoNls ET AL 2,823,573
FLANGE FASTENING CLIP FOR sPooLs- Filed Oct. l0, 1955 Q INVENTORS. J//A/ 14./ l/AS//f/V/S 2,823,513 FLANGEFASTENNGCnnFoR-sroors John W.1Vasikonis,i 0aklyn,;and ,0.wenBradley,
:owns MillgfN. J.
w'Application AOctober '10, 19575,'SerialN-i'53904 Claims. (Cl. 'ssii-T40) fTheprese'nt invention relates to improvementsinspools, V.and is more particularly concerned with .theprovisionof means for securing ltogether Vthe Score fandA end rflanges fof spools manufacturedfromcardboard .or similar fibrous materials.
ISpools of -the *type herein referred :toare'in`tended primarily forzmi1l.use,:and serve as'ftemp'orary holders 'for narrow fabrics, wire, ibelting; and the like ,in -the -mill,"or for .shipmentpas the oase .may be. Inasmuch vas these spools 4are ordinarily fthrownaway after use, it'isiessential that they sbe.cons'tructedof ythe cheapest and -inost easily manufactured ;niate'rial adaptable for vthe purpose, and that their `cost fof manufacture be :asflow as possible. Simultaneously, rit is essential lthat these v.spools have the requisite strength to remain assembledfor a -suflcient period of time f to perform their intended purpose.
`-In Acommercial practice these spools are usuallyI con-v structed of .paper cardboard, pasted lcliipboard, binders boa-rd or :the tlike, and comprise Jyaftubula-r rolled paper core` to -which are xed two fiat'end lllanges fwh-ieh may be; and preferably are, manufactured from the above-mentioned materials.
In the vmanufacture of thesespools, a .principal item of cost has been the provision lof satisfactory smeans for securing the two end anges to the paper cylinder which forms the core of the-spool. A varietymof meanshave heretofore been suggested. -Theseinclude by waylfof example, a'plug or bushing which ifs-secured by lstaples 'to thev end vflange and fits into the-end of fthe tubeforoore, such plug being then .cemented into -place therein.
The use of individual strips of bent sheet metal provided with penetrating prongs or points has also been suggested, and has gained relatively widespread commercial acceptance. In the manufacture of spools utilizing such means, the end ange is placed over the paper core, and three angled strips of the aforesaid type are positioned 120 degrees apart, with one arm of the strip on the end ange and the other arm of the strip within the paper core. The strips are then rammed into position by a bushing or locking member which is retained permanently within the paper core. This form of securing means gives a spool having satisfactory strength, and which holds up well in use. However, securing means of the aforesaid type are relatively expensive to apply in the manufacture of spools. Thus, it is necessary that the strips be positioned individually about the core. The positioning of the individual strips is a most time-consuming operation and significantly adds to the cost of manufacture of the spools.
The use of continuous eyelets has also been suggested. The use of continuous eyelets or securing means in which all of the component elements are bridged or joined together has likewise not proven altogether satisfactory. Thus, the continuous bridge portion of the securing means resists expansion, and the securing means is not able to accommodate to paper cores having various inside diarn eters` or distorted inner wall surfaces.
This invention has as an object the provision of improved 'means forasecuring iendfa'n'gcs fof la kspool'toL the core flthereof.
V'This invention Vfhasfas .l 'affurther vobject fthe provision of i f #simple and inexpensiveconstructionf `e assembly of .the 'end 'anges and a'fse'curing'telement lwhich `fai/ill lperinitr c'oreio'fzaispoollfinto'fafrigid andfserviceabk unit.
These and other objects are :accomplishe'dby lthe flange fastening icliplofithe present vinvent-'ion which includes a pl l'tly fof s s-ias Yfoffshe'et:metal or the like, 'joined tgethr'iat'theA nter offtheiclip. 'Eachof -the'-"strips, whichistripslarle 'refe'rablyoffsubstantiallyiuniformwidth, isiprovidedavithbosseshaving penetrating prongs. In the elipsf cntrall'portione'ach fof 'the lstrips fis slitted--inwaidlyisolthatthelbrdging #center -p'ortion is greatlyl chiofltheistrips isfbentffsoY that thebody of each'str'ip 'isdisposdin "least threelplanes. Thus, the outermost portion o'fffeach "trip'iifs dis-posed'in faegenerallylhorizontal plane,"w'ithftheadjacent'portion fdisposed in a 4generally' uprightlp ane. Thelslit central portion is generally dispo'sediin-aiplaneaangirlarlypositioned to'the vertical, with t'crr'tr'al 4Kp'ortionl'assuming in a'preferred vembodig of ythelirrve'ntion" a "generally p'yramidal shape. `fillhelip1f'1the presentainventionmay be positioned in place asa unit, and after it is so positioned maybe disf mernbered atftl'ieweakenedI central portion. The clip` of the-present' invetionipoissesses th'e'ease of installation of integra-lfasteninglclips,'and the advantages of shapevdistor-V tionfacco'rnmdation to-tvarying core-size, etc. possessedv byfindividualfst'rips. A
For the pn'rposel of iliust'rating' the invention there is shown in the drawings a form-whichlis presently preferred; it"'being`et1`nderstood, however, rvthat this 'invention is not liniitedtothe precise arrangements-and instrumentaliti'es shown. v
Referring to `'the drawings lwherein likea'eference characters refer to 'likeparts:
Figure l is a perspective View of the an'ge'fastening clip Atif'thepresentinvention. y
Figur-cl2 isapiniview `of Ithe "angefaste'ning Lclipof the present invention. v Figure A3l iisflan'exploded View of a" spool :incorporating theangefas'tening'lip of the present invention.
Referring to the? drawings, the'-'fla1'igev fastening clip of Y the present invention is designated generally by the numeral 10, and is preferably made of sheet metal, although it is to be understood that sheet metal is merely a shop expedient, and the invention is not limited thereto. Flange fastening clip 10 includes a plurality of strip elements 12, four of which are shown in the illustrated embodiment of the present invention. Each of the strip elements 12 includes a plurality of perforations 14 formed. therein by any type of punching device which provides an outstanding boss made up of random penetrating points or' teeth 16.
Each of the strip elements 12 is bent at a right angle to provide a horizontal leg 18 and a vertical leg 20 and is4 bent inwardly and centrally in the portion thereof adjacent the lowermost end of vertical leg 20 to form a central pyramidal or truncated pyramidal portion designated generally by the numeral 22.
The strip elements 12 are joined together at the apical center 24 of central pyramidal portion 22, with the sides of strip elements 12 slit taperedly inwardly along slits 26. While slits 26 greatly weaken central pyramidal portion 22, sufficient land is left therein to provide the structural strength necessary to retain flange fastening clip 10 as an integral unit. This may be accomplished even though the bridge or land region at apical center 24 constitutes' but a small percentage of the total area of ange fastening clip 10.
f* y ICe. indented Feb. 1s, 1.958J
Figure 3 demonstrates the assembly of a spool unit orspool assembly designated generally by the numeral 28 which incorporates clip 10.
Spool unit includes a tube or core 30, preferably made of cardboard or the like, and a pair of end anges 32 preferably made of similar material. -To retain end flanges 32 in their fixed or secured position, Vthe spool unit 28 is provided with a flange fastening clip 10 ofthe present invention and a locking member 34 for each end tlange 32. Locking member 34 comprises a bushing of cardboard or like material.
The assembly of spool unit 28 is effected by placing end ange 32 at each end of tube 30, with the opening 33 in end ange 32 concentrically positioned in respect to the bore 31- of core 30, and then positioning flange fastening clip 10 within the bore of tube 30 with the horizontal legs 18 outermost and superposed over the outermost Vface of end flange 34. The juncture is made by inserting locking member 34 within the cup formed by the strip elements 12 of ange fastening clip 10 and then tearing the ange fastening clip 10 apart by extending slits 26 and urging the points 16 on the horizontal legs 18 and vertical legs 20 into the outermost face of end flange 32 and the inner wall surface of tube 30 respectively.
A preferred method and apparatus for accomplishing this operation is described and shown in our co-pending patent application Serial No. 539,305, entitled Method and Apparatus for Assembling Spools, filed on even date herewith.
The slight deformation of locking member 34 when it is operatively positioned, and the resiliency and roughness formed by the perforations 14 in strip elements 12 maintain the locking member 34 securely in position, within spool 28. ln turn, locking member 34 securely locks the strip elements l2 in position to anchor the end flange 32 in its operative position.
The present invention may be embodied in other specic forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof and, accordingly, reference should be made to the appended claims, rather than to the foregoing specification as indicating the scope of the invention.
We claim:
l. A readily dismembered integral clip for joining the end ange and core of a spool including a center portion, a plurality of inwardly extending slits in said center portion, a plurality of strips extending outwardly from said center portion, with each of said strips having a plurality of outwardly extending projections delined by spaced pnnchings, and each of said strips being bent to form a generally "horizontal outermost portion and a generally upright portion adjacent said outermost portion.
2. A readily dismembered integral clip for joining the end :flange and core of a spool including a plurality of strips extending outwardly from a center portion, diagonal discontinuous slits substantially demarcating the innermost ends of said strips, with each of said strips having a plurality of outwardly extending projections defined by spaced punchings, and each of said strips being bent to form a generally horizontal outermost portion and -a generally upright portion adjacent said outermost portion.
3. A readily dismembered integral clip for joining the end 'ange and core of a spool including a center portion, a plurality of slits in said center portion, each of said slits extending inwardly to a point spaced a relatively small distance from the centerpoint of said clip, a plurality of strips extending outwardly from said center portion, each of said strips having a plurality of'outwardly extending projections defined by spaced punchings, and each of said strips being bent to form a generally horizontal outermost portion and a generally upright portion adjacent said outermost portion.
4. lA readily dismembered integral clip for joining the end ange and core of a spool including a plurality of strips extending outwardly from a center portion, diagonal discontinuous slits substantially demarcating the innermost ends of said strips, the centermost portion of the clip being undivided, with each of said strips having a plurality of outwardly extending projections defined by spaced punchings, each of said strips being bent to form a generally horizontal outermost portion, a generally upright portion adjacent said outermost portion and an innermost portion angularly disposed to said upright portion, said innermost portions of the strips being conjointly disposed substantially in the form of a pyramid, with said slits being the side edges of said pyramid, and the undivided center portion being the apical portion of said pyramid.
References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,845,833 Dunlap Oct. 16, 1932 1,909,979 Moretti May 23, 1933 17,919,270 Bird July 25, 1933 2,035,644 Engel Mar. 31, 1936 2,519,840 Lenox Aug. 22, 1950
US539304A 1955-10-10 1955-10-10 Flange fastening clip for spools Expired - Lifetime US2823573A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3036792A (en) * 1958-12-24 1962-05-29 Du Pont Spool assembly
US3229811A (en) * 1963-07-26 1966-01-18 Audio Devices Inc Plug for mounting tape reels
US3371776A (en) * 1967-04-27 1968-03-05 Badger Plug Comp Double plug for roll-supporting cores
US6234421B1 (en) 1996-10-24 2001-05-22 Vandor Corporation Reel having secured flanges
USD850896S1 (en) * 2017-12-19 2019-06-11 Shaw & Sons, Inc. Dowel tube
US11578491B2 (en) 2020-02-07 2023-02-14 Shaw Craftsmen Concrete, Llc Topping slab installation methodology

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1845833A (en) * 1930-11-07 1932-02-16 Sonoco Products Co Winding device
US1909979A (en) * 1932-06-28 1933-05-23 Edward Lawton Spool
US1919270A (en) * 1931-12-02 1933-07-25 George H Bird Spool
US2035644A (en) * 1934-05-26 1936-03-31 Francis A Engel Spool
US2519840A (en) * 1946-04-08 1950-08-22 Frank J Lenox Spool

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1845833A (en) * 1930-11-07 1932-02-16 Sonoco Products Co Winding device
US1919270A (en) * 1931-12-02 1933-07-25 George H Bird Spool
US1909979A (en) * 1932-06-28 1933-05-23 Edward Lawton Spool
US2035644A (en) * 1934-05-26 1936-03-31 Francis A Engel Spool
US2519840A (en) * 1946-04-08 1950-08-22 Frank J Lenox Spool

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3036792A (en) * 1958-12-24 1962-05-29 Du Pont Spool assembly
US3229811A (en) * 1963-07-26 1966-01-18 Audio Devices Inc Plug for mounting tape reels
US3371776A (en) * 1967-04-27 1968-03-05 Badger Plug Comp Double plug for roll-supporting cores
US6234421B1 (en) 1996-10-24 2001-05-22 Vandor Corporation Reel having secured flanges
USD850896S1 (en) * 2017-12-19 2019-06-11 Shaw & Sons, Inc. Dowel tube
US11578491B2 (en) 2020-02-07 2023-02-14 Shaw Craftsmen Concrete, Llc Topping slab installation methodology

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