US2817789A - Magnetron tube structure - Google Patents

Magnetron tube structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US2817789A
US2817789A US396557A US39655753A US2817789A US 2817789 A US2817789 A US 2817789A US 396557 A US396557 A US 396557A US 39655753 A US39655753 A US 39655753A US 2817789 A US2817789 A US 2817789A
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Prior art keywords
segments
anode
electrode systems
magnetron
cathode
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Expired - Lifetime
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US396557A
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English (en)
Inventor
Steimel Karl
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Telefunken AG
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Telefunken AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/50—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/52—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode
    • H01J25/58—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode having a number of resonators; having a composite resonator, e.g. a helix
    • H01J25/587—Multi-cavity magnetrons

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high frequency signal generator, and in particular to a .high frequency signal generator of the magnetron tube type.
  • Still yet another object of the present invention is to provide a magnetron tube structure which operates in a stable and not an erratic manner.
  • Yet still another object of the present invention is to provide a magnetron structure including a multi-electrode system, each of which is magnetically and electrically isolated from adjoining electrode systems so that no in teraction can take place therebetween.
  • the present invention mainly consists of a magnetron tube comprising a vacuum tight envelope, and a plurality of electrode systems each comprising a cathode portion having an electron emissive coating and an anode block divided into segments surrounding the electron emissive cathode portion, the segments of each block being uniformly spaced from each other angularly about the electron emissive cathode portion, all of the electron emissive cathode portions being arranged along a commonaxis, and each pair of adjoining blocks being located along the common axis adjacent to and angularly displaced with respect to each other by an angle equal to one-half the angular distance between adjoining segments of any one block.
  • Fig. l is a fragmentary developed sectional view taken along a line passing through the centers of the anode segments of a magnetron tube structure in accordance with the invention
  • Fig. 2a is a vertical section takenthrough the axis of part of a magnetron tube in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 2b is a plan view of one-half of part of a magnetron tube structure in accordance with the present invention.
  • the anode segments of two electrode systems are shown in a fragmentary developed sectional view in the plane of the drawing.
  • the segments of one of the electrode systems are designated by the reference numeral 1
  • the segments of the other electrode system are designated by the reference numeral 2.
  • Both electrode systems are arranged along the principal axis of the tube adjacent to and spaced from each other by a distance d, which may also be equal to zero.
  • the segments 1 and 2 of the adjacent electrode systems are in turn arranged concentrically about a cathode, see Figs. 2a and 2b, having an axiscoinciding with the principal axisof the tube. If one considers the distance between the mid-point of.
  • the instantaneous pattern of the alternating magnetic field lines clearly indicates that disturbing magnetic cross coupling between the anode segments 1 and 2 of the respective electrode systems does not take place and as a result there will be no disturbing influence on the oscillations produced by the magnetron tube.
  • the pattern of the magnetic alternating field lines for anode segments 1 is designated by reference numeral 4 and the pattern of the alternating magnetic field lines for anode segments 2 is designated by reference numeral 5.
  • Electric coupling between the segments of the respective electrode systems is avoided by arranging each anode seg ment of one of the electrode systems symmetrically with respect to two oppositely phased oscillating anode segments of the other electrode system.
  • FIG. 2a and 212 only two electrode systerns are shown to enable a better representation of the magnetron tube structure in accordance with the inven tion.
  • the anode segments of the respective electrode systems are arranged in the manner disclosed with reference to the description of structure shown in Fig. 1.
  • One of the electrode systems includes the cathode portion 6' and the anode block 7 which is divided into a plurality of segments 1 which in turn define resonant cavities 8 surrounding the cathode portion 6'.
  • the segments 1 are uniformly spaced from each other angularly about the cathode portion 6'.
  • the other electrode system comprises a cathode portion 6 and an anode block 16 which in turn is divided into a plurality of segments 2 which define resonant cavities 8' surrounding the cathode portion 6.
  • the segments 2 are also uniformly spaced from each other angularly about the cathode portion 6.
  • the surface of the cathode portions 6 and 6, arranged within the confines of the anode block lit) and '7 respectively, are activated, that is, these cathode portions have an electron emissive coating, for example an oxide coating, which is shown in the drawing by dots covering the portions of the cathode which are activated.
  • anode block lid is spaced from the anode block 7 by a small distance along the common axis of the cathode.
  • anode block 10' is angularly displaced with respect to anode block 7 by an angle being equal to one half the angular distance between adjoining segments of any one block.
  • the cathode will be covered with an emissive coating along its entire surface extending between the respective anode blocks, so as to provide a number of successive contiguous emissive areas equal to the number of anode blocks and respectively surrounded thereby.
  • the anode blocks which may or may not form part of the tube envelope, may be formed of metal sheets which are stacked to form the blocks, such as 7 and M. These anode blocks are in turn formed with cylindrical holes 8 which communicate with the discharge space, or interaction space, by means of gap 9.
  • the cylindrical holes 8 are dimensioned so that together with the gap 9, LC constants will be obtained which will produce oscillations at a frequency which coincides with the desired operating frequency.
  • the gaps 9 divide the inner surfaces of the respective anode blocks into individual anode segments, the adjacent segments of which produce oppositely phased oscillations.
  • each of the electrode systems a coupling device in the form of a coupling loop one end of which is connected to the wall of the anode block inside the vacuum portion of the tube structure while the other end may be brought external of the anode block or if the anode block does not form part of the vacuum envelope then also external of the vacuum envelope in vacuum tight manner.
  • the coupling loop for the electrode system including the anode segments 1 is designated by reference numeral 10
  • the coupling loop for the other electrode system including the anode segments 2 is designated by reference numeral 11.
  • the conductors 12, 13 of the coupling loops 10, 11 respectively may be connected as noted either externally of the anode block or externally of the vacuum envelope to a. single output conductor, not shown. It the respective distances from the coupling loops 10 and 11 to the junction of conductors 12, 13 with the single output conductor are equal in length, or if the difference in length is equal to multiples of a wave length at the operating frequency of the magnetron tube, then the oscillations produced by the respective electrode systems will be of the same phase, that is, the magnitude of the oscillations generated by the respective electrode systems will be a maximum at the same instant of time.
  • the respective distances from the coupling loops 10 and 11 to the junction of conductors 12, 13 with a single output conductor may be so dimensioned that the adjacent electrode systems produce oscillations which are displaced in phase by or 270 electrical degrees respectively.
  • the respective distances will vary by A of a wavelength at the operating frequency.
  • the fields of the adjacent electrode systems supplement one another in relation to the movements of the electrons. As a result the fringe disturbances at the borders of each electrode system are entirely eliminated.
  • a plurality of electrode systems each comprising an emissive cathode area and an anode block divided into segments surrounding said emissive cathode area, said segments of each anode block being uniformly spaced from each other angularly about said emissive cathode area, all of said emissive cathode areas being arranged along a common axis, and adjacent electrode systems being located along said common axis and angularly displaced with respect to each other by an angle equal to one-half the angular distance between adjoining segments of any one anode block, the number of said emissive cathode areas being equal to the number of anode blocks.
  • a plurality of electrode systems each comprising an emissive cathode area in the form of an electron emissive coating and an anode block divided into segments surrounding said emissive cathode area, said segments of each anode block being uniformly spaced from each other angularly about said emissive cathode area, all of said emissive cathode areas being arranged along a common axis, and adjacent electrode systems being located along said cornmon axis and angularly displaced with respect to each other by an angle equal to one-half the angular distance between adjoining segments of any one anode block, the number of said emissive cathode areas being equal to the number of anode blocks.
  • a plurality of electrode systems each comprising an emissive cathode area and an anode block divided into segments defining resonant cavities surrounding said emissive cathode area, said segments of each anode block being uniformly spaced from each other angularly about said emissive cathode area, all of said emissive cathode areas being arranged along a common axis, and adjacent electrode systems being located along said common axis and angularly displaced with respect to each other by an angle equal to one-half the angular distance between adjoining segments of any one anode block; and means provided in said anode blocks of said electrode systems for coupling the oscillations generated by said electrode systems to a suitable load, the number of emissive cathode areas being equal to the number of anode blocks.
  • a plurality of electrode systems each comprising a cathode portion having an electron emissive coating and an anode block divided into segments defining resonant cavities surrounding said electron emissive cathode portion, said segments of each block being uniformly spaced from each other angularly about said electron emissive cathode portion, all of said electron emissive cathode portions being arranged along a common axis, and adjacent electrode systems being located along said common axis and angularly displaced with respect to each other by an angle equal to one-half the angular distance between adjoining segments of any one block; and coupling means portions of which are respectively arranged in one of the cavities defined by said segments of said anode blocks and adapted to interconnect said cavities with an output conductor so as to couple the oscillations of ,the respective electrode systems to said output conductor, the lengths of the respective coupling means to their respective junction points with said output conductor differing by where x is the operating
  • a plurality of electrode systems each comprising an emissive cathode area and an anode block divided into, segments defining resonant cavities surrounding said: emissive cathode area, said segments of each block being uniformly spaced from each other angularly about said emissive cathode area, all of said emissive cathode areas being arranged along a common axis, and adjacent electrode systems being located along said common axis and angularly displaced with respect to each other by an angle equal to one-half the angular distance between adjoining segments of any one anode block, the number of emissive cathode areas being equal to the number of anode blocks; and coupling means arranged in said anode blocks of said electrode systems, said coupling means communicating with one of the cavities formed in said anode block and coupling the oscillations generated therein to a suitable load.
  • a plurality of electrode systems each comprising a cathode portion and an anode block divided into segments defining resonant cavities surrounding said cathode portion, said segments of each block being uniformly spaced from each other angularly about said cathode portion, all of said cathode portions being arranged along a common axis, and adjacent electrode systems being located along said common axis and angularly displaced with respect to each other by an angle equal to one-half the angular distance between adjoining segments of any one anode block; and a coupling loop arranged in each of said anode blocks of said electrode systems, said coupling loop communicating with one of the cavities formed in each of said anode blocks and coupling therefrom the oscillations produced therein to a suitable load.
  • At least two electrode systems each comprising a cathode portion having an electron emissive coating and an anode block divided into segments defining resonant cavities surrounding said electron emissive cathode.
  • each block being uniformly spaced from each other angularly about said electron emissive cathode portion, all of said electron emissive cathode portions being arranged along a common axis, and said blocks of said two electrode systems being located along said common axis spaced from and angularly displaced with respect to each other by an angle being equal to one-half the angular distance between adjoining segments of one block, the cathode portion between said two blocks being-nonemissive; and a coupling loop arranged in each of said anode blocks of said electrode systems, said coupling loop communicating with one of the cavities formed in each of said anode blocks and coupling therefrom the oscillations produced therein to a suitable load.
  • a plurality of electrode systems each comprising a cathode portion having an electron emissive coating and an anode block divided into segments defining resonant cavities surrounding said electron emissive cathode portion, said segments of each block being uniformly spaced from each other angularly about said electron emissive cathode portion, all of said electron emissive cathode portions being arranged along a common axis, and adjacent electrode systems being located along said common axis and angularly displaced with respect to each other by an angle equal to one-half the angular distance between adjoining segments of any one block; and a coupling loop arranged in each of said anode blocks of said electrode systems, said coupling loop communicating with one of the cavities formed in each of said anode blocks and coupling therefrom the oscillations produced therein to a suitable load.
  • a magnetron vacuum tube in combination, at least two electrode systems each comprising a cathode portion and an anode block divided into segments defining resonant cavities surrounding said cathode portion, said segments of each block being uniformly spaced from each other angularly about said cathode portion, all of said cathode portions being arranged along a common y axis, and said blocks of said two electrode systems being located along said common axis adjacent to and angularly 15 displaced with respect to each other by an angle equal to one-half the angular distance between adjoining segments of any one block; and a coupling loop arranged in each of said anode blocks of said electrode systems, said coupling loop communicating with one of the cavities formed in each of said anode blocks and coupling therefrom the oscillations produced therein to a suitable load.

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US396557A 1952-12-08 1953-12-07 Magnetron tube structure Expired - Lifetime US2817789A (en)

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DE751754X 1952-12-08

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FR (1) FR1088137A (fr)
GB (1) GB751754A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2929959A (en) * 1958-02-13 1960-03-22 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Magnetrons
US4288721A (en) * 1979-06-20 1981-09-08 Dodonov J I Microwave magnetron-type device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2238903B (en) * 1989-12-08 1994-10-19 Eev Ltd Magnetrons

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2463416A (en) * 1946-05-08 1949-03-01 Arnold T Nordsieck Anode for strapped magnetrons
US2485401A (en) * 1946-06-04 1949-10-18 Gen Electric Magnetron
US2496500A (en) * 1945-07-18 1950-02-07 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2606307A (en) * 1946-01-29 1952-08-05 Marshall C Pease Tunable magnetron

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2496500A (en) * 1945-07-18 1950-02-07 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2606307A (en) * 1946-01-29 1952-08-05 Marshall C Pease Tunable magnetron
US2463416A (en) * 1946-05-08 1949-03-01 Arnold T Nordsieck Anode for strapped magnetrons
US2485401A (en) * 1946-06-04 1949-10-18 Gen Electric Magnetron

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2929959A (en) * 1958-02-13 1960-03-22 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Magnetrons
US4288721A (en) * 1979-06-20 1981-09-08 Dodonov J I Microwave magnetron-type device

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FR1088137A (fr) 1955-03-03
GB751754A (en) 1956-07-04

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