US2814A - Beehive - Google Patents

Description

Z. R. HENCH.

Bee Hive.

Patented 10m. '12,A 1842.

No. 2,814.V

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ZACHARIAH R. HENCH, OF PORT ROYAL, PENNSYLVANIA.

BEEI-IIVE;

To all whom t may concern Beit known that [,ZAoHAR1AI-1 R. HEivoH,`

of Port Royal,` in the county of Juniata and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Beehives, which is described as follows, reference being had to the annexed drawings of the same mak.- ing part of this specification.

Figure l is a longitudinal section of the hive. Fig. 2 is a transverse section. Fig. 3 is a section ot one of the ventilators.

The stand A of the bee house, the boxes B in which the bees deposit their honey, the fumigator O for driving the bees out of the boxes in taking the honey are made in the usual` manner,` except in the particulars hereafter stated.

The principal improvements that I have made in the hive and for which I solicit Letters Patent, are in the peculiar construction and arrangement of two glazed side boxes D attached to the hive for attracting and securingl the bees during the operation of taking the honey, or for colonizing bees; and also for catching strange beesthat come to the hive to rob it and also` in the construction and arrangement of a `swarming driving the bees from said boxes into the bee housesaid fumigators being also used as side ventilators for supplying air to the side boxes during the operation of smoking the bees from the hive into the side boxes, by means of a common bellows, acting. on both side umigators at the same time by having a` branched tube J extending from a central pipe into which the nozzle of the bellows is inserted,` to each fumigator H.

The side boxes D are of a rectangular or other form and are attached to the sides ot the stand A by dovetails and grooves, or

with screws, hooks and eyes, staples or in` any convenient way. It has three sides and a top and bottom. The third slde next the hive stand is omitted. The three sides are provided with panes of glass l[` fork admitting light to the boxes for the purpose of attracting the bees from the hive through an opening K ing the stand'. This opening ,is 'closed or opened with a slide L at pleasture for opening' or shutting the `communication fromy the stand to the boxes. l

areof a cylindrical or other form of any required' diameter and length having each a movable cap or lid removable at pleasure for the admission of" the fumigating substance ire andi air andi abranch tube for the blast from a bellows, grates, and other tubes for conveying the smoke or air down outside the boxes and in through the lower part of the same.

Two perforated ventilators M' Fig. 3 with movable caps are placedin' the tops of the boxes D.

v A funnel shaped tube N is inserted horizontally into the side ofl each box D for allowing the strange bees or robbers to enter the boxes from` which they cannot `escape through the aforesaidV funnel shaped ltubes at which they entered on account of their tapered shape `and being attracted upward by the lig-ht of the ,glass sides. These tubes are closed at the larger ends with caps when not required to be used or to secure Vthe robbers when taken. In order to ascert-ain to whom the thieving beesy belong a `small quantity of flour' should be strewedover their backs` while in the boxes and then turned' out. On returningto their owners with white backs the character of the bees will be ascertained. In order to force them to enter the side boxes D through the aforesaid funnel shaped tubesN when said' boxes are used as thief takers the aperture X in front of the hive at which the bees usually enter is closed.` This iseifectedby having theledge P upon which the bees light hinged to theV lower edge of the inclined board Qso that it may bemade t-o act as a shutter for closing the entrance tothe hive by turningsaid shutter up in a vertical position*the upper edge resting against the cross piece 0 of the standthus eectually closing the entrance X. l

The front of the stand is closed by a perforated slideV F inserted intocorresponding The side fumigator's. and ventilators grooves formed in parallel strips secured on the fronts of the stand-in which slide there is an opening closed by a pane of glass R and over this pane is hinged a shutter F2 for darkening the interior of the stand when required.

As the air would be excluded from the hive when the shutter P is closed it must be admitted through a perforated plate that will at the same time prevent the escape of the bees which plate is inserted in the place of the slide F which is previously withdrawn from the grooves and must therefore be of sufficient size to close the opening effectually.

,In order to colonize or increase the stock of bees a slide E of the following construction and arrangement is used. It consists of a rectangular board with an opening S near the middle closed by a shutter T and a depression or hollow V atI the edge of said board projecting beyond the outside of the hive and serving as the ledge for the bees to light on-said depression serving as the entrance for the bees and being closed by a slide V when required.

The aforesaid colonizing slide E is used in the months of June and July when the bees are inclinedl to swarm. It is of no use at other times. It may be inserted between the lower box B and the stand A or between any pair of boxes.

-The windows W in the several boxes are for the purpose of seeing the operations of the bees. They are darkened by thin shutters.

The grates Y in the fumigators or furnaces are for sustaining the tobacco, cloth, or other substances to be consumed for producing the smoke.

The operation of this bee house is as follows: Vv'lhen it is required to take a quantity of honey for use, or when the boxes B are all filled and the bees are about to commence to work in the stand A; or to swarm; or when it is desired to examine the hive; or to have access to the interior of the hive; or to colonize the bees; or for any purpose whatever, without injuring or destroying the bees, or driving them from the hive, and at the same time securing them during any one of the aforesaid operations, the shutter P must be raised and the entrance closed and the shutter F2 must be opened for rendering t-he interior of the stand A light for attracting the bees to the said interior of the stand which the light will effectually do, the bees being previously disturbed by agitating the hive ork admitting a quantity of smoke among them, or by other suitable means. The bees in attempting to escape from the hive will be arrested in the stand by the closing of the shutter P. The slidesL are then withdrawn from over the passages K which will open the communications from the stand to the side chambers D. The shutter F2 is then closed which darkens the interior of the stand and the side chambers being light the bees will be attracted through the passages K to the interior thereof and when all the bees are safely in said side chambers the slides L are closed which effectually secures them, the bees being supplied with air by the bellows, tubes and ventilators. A wire, thread, or thin blade is then passed horizontally through between the two upper boxes which effectually severs the comb, the upper box is then removed and the lid taken therefrom and put upon the top of that box which will be at the top of the remaining stack of boxes. The box thus removed is emptied of its honey and inserted between the lower box of the stack and the stand, the stack being previously raised a sufficient height to admit the empty box. The shutters F, P and slides L are then opened and the side chambers darkened by a cloth or other means when the bees will again be attracted back to the hive stand from which they will have free egress and ingress by the common entrance X. Should the movements of the bees be tardy in passing from the chambers to the stand they may be hastened by the admission of a few puffs of smoke from the fumigators H.

In the swarming season when it is required to colonize the bees or increase the stock the slide E must be inserted between the lower box and the stand or between any pair of boxes required. The lbees will then enter at the opening V and work in the boxes. When it is discovered that the boxes are nearly filled and the bees are ready to swarm, the slides P and V must be closed and the doors T and F2 opened, the latter to render the interior of the stand light and attractive and the former to allow the bees to descend into the stand. The remaining parts of the operation are the same as those before described in taking the honey. The bees being secured in the side chambers D, one of the side chambers with the bees therein may be removed to the new hive in which the colony is to be formed, the bees in the remaining chamber may be returned to the old hive in the manner before described and the shutter T again closed and an empty box inserted in place of the aforesaid swarming slide. It is preferable to insert the swarming slide about the period of swarming and to let it remain in the hive as short a time as possible, as it is liable to catch dirt and worms from its horizontal position. The colony of bees being removed the slide E should also be removed and again inserted when required.

The before described attract-ion side chambers D and thief takers N and the swarming or oolonizing slide E may be combined and strueted, arranged and used in the manner used with almost every description of bee described, or in any Way substantially the 10 houses `in use. same.

What I claim as my invention and which 5 I desire to secure by Letters Patent 1s Z' R' HENCH The combination of the glazed side oham- Witnesses: u bers D, `uniigators H and ventilators M and WM.` P. ELLIOT,

funnels N, With the glazed stand A eon- E. MATIER. u

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