US2814734A - Voltage biasing of magnetic amplifiers - Google Patents

Voltage biasing of magnetic amplifiers Download PDF

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Publication number
US2814734A
US2814734A US590016A US59001656A US2814734A US 2814734 A US2814734 A US 2814734A US 590016 A US590016 A US 590016A US 59001656 A US59001656 A US 59001656A US 2814734 A US2814734 A US 2814734A
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United States
Prior art keywords
winding
core
power
ringback
input
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Expired - Lifetime
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US590016A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert D Torrey
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Sperry Corp
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Sperry Rand Corp
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Publication date
Priority to US499905A priority Critical patent/US2901636A/en
Application filed by Sperry Rand Corp filed Critical Sperry Rand Corp
Priority to US590016A priority patent/US2814734A/en
Priority to DES53791A priority patent/DE1044172B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2814734A publication Critical patent/US2814734A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F9/00—Magnetic amplifiers
    • H03F9/04—Magnetic amplifiers voltage-controlled, i.e. the load current flowing in only one direction through a main coil, e.g. Logan circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K19/00—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits
    • H03K19/02—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components
    • H03K19/16—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using saturable magnetic devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H03K3/45—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of non-linear magnetic or dielectric devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improved magnetic amplifiers primarily of the type exhibiting ringback efiects; and is particularly concerned with improved biasing arrangements for suppressing undesired current flow in the input circuit of such a magnetic amplifier, due to ringback compensation.
  • the present invention comprises a continuation-in-part of the prior copending application of Robert D. Torrey et al., Serial No. 499,905, filed April 7, 1955, for: Magnetic Amplifier.
  • magnetic amplifiers of the type contemplated herein may be of either the series or parallel types, and may take a number of configurations whereby complementing or non-complementing operation is effected.
  • a complementing amplifier is defined as one which normally produces outputs in the absence of inputs thereto, and wherein inputs tend to inhibit outputs; while a non-complementing amplifier is defined as one producing an output only in response to the application of an input thereto.
  • Amplifiers of these general types normally comprise a core of magnetic material which may exhibit a substantially rectangular hysteresis loop, or which may in the alternative exhibit other hysteretic configurations; and such a core normally carries a power winding and an input winding thereon.
  • the power winding may also comprise the output winding of the system; while in the case of parallel type amplifiers, a further winding may, if desired, serve as the output winding.
  • ringback currents may 'occurfor a number of reasons
  • ringback current is defined as a transient current flowing in the amplifier power winding in a direction opposite to that efiiected by operative power pulses coupled to said power winding, and occurring at times intermediate the occurrence of said operative power pulses.
  • the aforementioned ringback currents being in a direction opposite to the operative power pulses, tend to reset the core from a desired remanence point on the major hysteresis loop of the core material to an undesired remanence point on a minor hysteresis loop of the material, whereby a next subsequent power pulse must drive the core through an unsaturated portion of its hysteresis loop prior to the production of an output from the amplifier.
  • This consideration reduces the amplitude of output from the amplifier and results in a decreased efiiciency of operation.
  • Another object of the present invention resides in the provision of a magnetic amplifier circuit compensating for ringback in a more efiicient manner than has been the case heretofore.
  • a still further object of the present invention resides in the provision of novel biasmeans for use in a magnetic amplifier circuit whereby current flow in the input circuit, due to ringback compensation, is inhibited.
  • a still further object of the present invention resides in the provision of a magnetic amplifier having improved power gain.
  • a further object of the present invention resides in the provision of means avoiding undesired loading of an input source, due to undesired current flow in the input winding of a magnetic amplifier.
  • Figure 1 is a hysteresis loop of a magnetic material which may preferably but not necessarily be employed in the cores of magnetic amplifiers utilized in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of one form of mag- .number of structural configurations.
  • the core preferably, but not necessarily, comprises a magnetic materialexhibiting a substantially rectangular hysteresisloop, and the-said core may assume a Itshould be noted, however, that the,present invention is not limited to any specific structural or hysteretic configuration for the core, and various alternativesin this respect will be obvious-to those skilled inthe art.
  • Power winding-11 is coupledat its upper end via rectifier D1 to asource13'of regularly. occurring positive and negative going powder-pulses (Figure 3A), and as men tioned previously, these pulses may-in fact assume a number of possible alternating configurations.
  • the lower end .ofwinding 11 is coupled via-rectifier D2 to an output point.14 whereby outputs may be selectively taken across aload R and a clamp or sneak suppressor circuit D3-R1is also coupledzto thesaid power winding 11, whereby only desired pulse outputs appear at the terminal 14.
  • .Signal or input winding 12 is coupled at its upperend viarectifier D4 to an input terminal 15, and is further coupled at its lower end to ablocking pulse source 16 producing regularly occurring pulses of the 'type illustrated in Figure 3B.
  • circuit shownin Figure 2 exhibits complementing operation-in that "outputsrare achieved in the absence ofinputsthereto, while the application of an input inhibitsan;output.
  • the blockingpulsesource 16 rises: to a POSIUVC potential +132 at the lower endof-input winding 12 thereby to assure that rectifier.
  • D4 isJdisconnected so that the aforementionedqflux' changes in core .10 do not eifectcurrent flow. in input winding. 12. So long as no input pulses are applied at terminal 15, therefore, the core 10 is regularly driven from plus remanence point 20 to positive saturation-regiomZl; and each positive going power pulse therefore effects .a pulse output at'terminal 14.
  • core 10 should be driven between points 20 and 21 by each positive going power pulse when out- In practice, howpulse at terminal 13 falls to a negative potential, and
  • winding 11 in combination with back'leakage resistance 18 and enhancement current flow through rectifiers which may be employed in the circuit, is, to produce a pulse of current through winding 11 in a direction opposite to that effected by positive going powerpulses, and occurring at a time immediately subse- 13, therefore, must drive the core 10 throughan unsaturated portion of its hysteresisyloop before an output is achieved, wherebydecreased efficiency of operation is eifected.
  • the aforementioned copending application SerialNo. 499,905 relates to a number of circuits overcoming the undesired effect of ringback current whereby the efiiciency of the amplifier is increased, and such circuits may include a separate bias-winding on core 10 for ringback compensation; or'may, in the alternative, comprise a bias source coupled to either "the input or output winding'of the amplifier.
  • a typical such ringback compensation circuit may comprise a bias current source which includes resistor R2 and potential source +V2 coupled to power winding 11 in the manner illustrated in Figure 2. In operation, the bias source comprising elements +V2, and R2, 75,
  • the aforementioned ringback compensation circuits do overcome the ringback effects mentioned, their operation is accompanied by a further disadvantage. It will be noted that the operation of the ringback compensator circuit is such that core is moved from an operating point, such as 25 or 26, back to operating point 20 intermediate the application of the aforementioned spaced positive going power pulses. During this resetting of the core from point 26 to point 20, a small flux change occurs in the core 10 in a direction the same as that effected by positive going power pulses applied to the power winding 11.
  • bias means are provided for inhibiting such undesired current flow in the input circuit during ringback compensation, and such further bias means may again comprise the blocking pulse source 16 so modified that the source continues to exhibit a small positive potential +E1 intermediate the application of positive going power pulses to the circuit, and at times when ringback current and ringback compensation may be taking place.
  • the potential level +E1 is so selected that it is substantially equal to and of opposite polarity to any potentials which might be induced in input winding 12 during the aforementioned ringback compensation whereby undesired current flow, due to ringback compensation flux changes, is avoided in the input winding 12.
  • both the input bias source and the input blocking source discussed may comprise a pulse source or may be steady state in nature.
  • the input bias source finds ready utility in magnetic amplifier circuits of various types wherein ringback compensation is to be efiected; and in particular, the invention should not be considered as limited to complementing amplifiers, to pulse type amplifiers, or to amplifiers of the series type, but may in fact be utilized in conjunction with the several forms of amplifiers discussed above, as well as with the various other forms of ringback compensators.
  • the foregoing description is, therefore, meant to be illustrative only and should not be considered limitative of my in- Vention, and all such variations as are in accord with the principles discussed are meant to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
  • a magnetic amplifier comprising a core of magnetic material having first and second windings thereon, a source of selective signals coupled to said first winding, a source of spaced power pulses coupled to said second winding whereby a selected one of said power pulses drives said core between a first hysteretic operating point and a second operating point in response to a preselected signal state at said first winding, said selected power pulse tending to ettect a transient current in said first winding subsequent to cessation of said selected power pulse thereby to drive said core to a third hysteretic operating point, first bias means coupled to said amplifier for returning said core from said third hysteretic operating point to said first hysteretic operating point prior to occurrence of a next subsequent power pulse, and second bias means coupled to said amplifier for inhibiting current flow in said first winding due to flux changes in said core during return of said core from said third operating point to said first operating point.
  • said second bias means comprises a blocking pulse source having a first potential level during occurrence of said power pulses and a second potential level intermediate said power pulses, whereby said blocking pulse source inhibits current flow in said first winding due to flux changes in said core during movement of said core between both said first and second operating points and between said third and first operating points.
  • a magnetic amplifier comprising a core of magnetic material having a power winding and an input winding thereon, a source of spaced power pulses coupled to said power winding, means for selectively applying input signals to said input winding intermediate selected ones of said spaced power pulses, said selected power pulses ef fecting ringback current in said power winding at times intermediate the occurrence of said power pulses whereby said ringback current sets said core to an undesired hysteretic operating point, means operative intermediate said power pulses to reset said core from said undesired hysteretic operating point to a desired hysteretic operating point, and bias means coupled to said input winding for inhibiting current flow in said input winding due to flux changes effected by the said resetting of said core to said desired operating point.
  • bias means comprises a source of spaced blocking pulses coupled to said input winding.
  • a magnetic amplifier comprising a core of magnetic material having a power winding and an input winding thereon, a source of alternately positive and negative going power pulses, means coupling said source to said power winding, rectifier means in series with said source and said power Winding whereby power pulses of a preselected polarity are operative to effect current flow in said power winding in a first direction thereby to efiiect desired flux changes in said core, said power pulses eifecting transient current fiow in said power winding in a second direction opposite to said first direction during occurrence of power pulses having a polarity opposite to said preselected polarity, said transient current flow serving to set said core to an undesired hysteretic operating point, control means coupled to said amplifier for resetting said core from said undesired operating point to a desired operating point whereby undesired flux changes are effected in said core during said core resetting, and bias means coupled to said amplifier for inhibiting current flow in said input winding due
  • control means includes further bias means comprising a current source coupled to said power winding.
  • said first mentioned bias means comprises a voltage source coupled to said input winding.
  • a magnetic amplifier comprising a core of magnetic material having a power winding and an input winding thereon, means effecting desired current flow in a first direction through said power winding during spaced time intervals said desired current flow through said power winding eifecting undesired current flow in a Second direction opposite to said first direction through said power winding at times intermediate said spaced time intervals whereby said undesired current flow drives said 4 9 war f .3 i i hystcl'fitic p l P means for resetting said core to said desired hysteretic operating point, and means coupled to said input winding for inhibiting current flow in said input winding due to flux changes effected by said resetting of said core.
  • said means effecting desired current flow comprises a source of spaced power pulses coupled to one end of said power winding, and load means coupled to the other end of said power winding.
  • a magnetic amplifier comprising a core of magn etic material having a power winding and an input winding thereon, power pulse means selectively eifecting undesired transient current flow in said power winding whereby said core is moved from a desired hysteretic operating point to an undesired hysteretic operating point, first bias means coupled to said amplifier for resetting said core from said undesired operating point back to said desired operating point, said input winding having an undesired potential induced therein due to flux changes in said core during said resetting operation, and second bias means for inhibiting current flow in said input winding due to said undesired potential induced therein.
  • said first bias means comprises a. current source coupled to said power winding for effecting current flow in said power winding in a direction opposite to said undesired transient current flow.
  • said second bias means comprises a potential source coupled to said input winding and having a bias potential opposite in polarity to that of said undesired induced potential.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
US590016A 1955-04-07 1956-06-07 Voltage biasing of magnetic amplifiers Expired - Lifetime US2814734A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US499905A US2901636A (en) 1955-04-07 1955-04-07 Magnetic amplifier
US590016A US2814734A (en) 1956-06-07 1956-06-07 Voltage biasing of magnetic amplifiers
DES53791A DE1044172B (de) 1956-06-07 1957-06-06 Magnetischer Verstaerker

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US590016A US2814734A (en) 1956-06-07 1956-06-07 Voltage biasing of magnetic amplifiers

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US2814734A true US2814734A (en) 1957-11-26

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US (1) US2814734A (de)
DE (1) DE1044172B (de)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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DE1044172B (de) 1958-11-20

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