US2812452A - Split cylindrical transducer - Google Patents
Split cylindrical transducer Download PDFInfo
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- US2812452A US2812452A US586501A US58650156A US2812452A US 2812452 A US2812452 A US 2812452A US 586501 A US586501 A US 586501A US 58650156 A US58650156 A US 58650156A US 2812452 A US2812452 A US 2812452A
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
- B06B1/0655—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element of cylindrical shape
Definitions
- My invention relates to an improved electroacoustic transducer construction having particular application to underwater radiation where a high power-to-weight ratio is of extreme importance, as for example, in helicopterdunked applications.
- Fig. l is a simplified view in perspective with certain parts broken away to reveal internal construction of a transducer of my invention
- Fig.2 is an enlarged sectional view, taken in the plane 2-2 of Fig. 1; i e
- Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing a modification; and y Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are further views in perspective showing alternative array utilizations of the basic transducer element of Fig. l or 3.
- my invention contemplates a basic transducer element comprising essentially two 'coaxially interfitting cylindrical members bonded to each other and longitudinally split at essentially a single angular location.
- One of the tubular members is a metal support
- the other tubular member is a piezoelectric motor element.
- the piezoelectric motor element is contained within the metal tube, and support for the assembly is provided essentially along a line diametrically opposite the slit location, as by brazing the support member to the outer metal tube of the transducer element.
- Various array configurations for the basic transducer element areshown and described.
- a composite cylindrical transducer element 10 comprising an outer metal tube or cylinder 11, as of steel or aluminum, and an inner tube or cylinder 12, constituting a piezoelectric motor element.
- the two cylinders 11-12 are substantially coextensive and are bonded throughout, as by means of an'epoxy resin; both cylinders 11-12 are slitted or split at 13 along aline at essentially asingle angular location,
- Support for the element 10 may be provided by a rigid elongated metal base member or support 14, which is shown as a tube closed at both ends,'as by merelyflattenin'g' at 15-16 to provide securing means 17-12 ⁇ for mounting purposes.
- the support 14 is in the form shown secured to the metal cylinder'll along essentially a line diametrically opposite the slit 13, and in Fig. 2 elongated brazing connections" are suggested at' 19-20.
- the piezoelectric motor element may comprise a piezoelectric core 21, as of barium titanate, and carrying two foil electrodes 22-23 on the inner and outer surfaces thereof.
- the core 21 will be understood to be polarized in the usual manner so that alternating electric voltage applied across the'electrodes 22-23 will mechanically stress the core 21 to produce expanding and contracting generally radial movements of the opposed tynes or arms,
- the piezoelectric motor 12' may be bonded to the metal cylinder 11 with plastic, solder, or enamel, and the composite assembly may be dipped in enamel or plastic to provide the coating 26 over ail exposed surfaces.
- Electric-lead connections are established to a supply cable 27 which may be conveniently accommodated within the support 14. Because one electrode (22) of the piezoelectric motor 12 is electrically connected to the metal cylinder 11 and thus to the support 14, a ground lead 28 may merely be connected to the support 14. The remaining lead 29 may pass through an insulated bushing 30 adjacent one supported end of the transducer unit it and the necessary electrical connection made directly to the inner foil electrode 23, as best shown in Fig. 1. To complete the assembly, the interior of the support 14 may be potted in a suitable incompressible plastic.
- a pressure-release mechanism within the tubular transducer unit 10, and in Fig. 3 I illustrate how such provision may be conveniently made.
- parts common to both Figs. 1 and 3 have been given the same reference numerals in both cases.
- pressure release within the transducer unit 10 may be very simply provided by employment of air-filled rubber or the like, but in Fig. 3 I illustrate my preference for a more rugged pressure-release member 32, which is shown to comprise an elongated flattened relatively thin-walled tube of metal closed at both ends, as by squeezing to form mounting lugs 33-34; the pressure-release length of member 32 is thus preferably of generally oval section.
- the pocket defined within the pressure-release tube 32 may contain merely air, or it may be filled with an airfilled rubber or the like.
- Simple standards 35 carried by the base 14 adequately position and hold the respective ends 33-34 of the pressure-release member.
- the horseshoe-shaped device vibrates something like a tuning fork when A.-C. voltage is applied, and for this characteristic mode, the composite split cylinder is a high-Q resonant structure.
- The'rnotion of the centers of vibration on either side of the diametral plane of the split has a component normal to said plane and a component parallel to said plane. Therefore, in operation, any single composite cylindrical device has a small resultant component of force or motion which would be communicated to the base or holder 14. Such force or motion is suggested by the arrow 38 in Fig. 2.
- Fig. 4 I illustrate one form of array configuration to which my basic transducer element, be it of the form of Fig. 1 or that of Fig. 3, is inherently applicable.
- a single elongated tubular support member 40 serves a plurality of longitudinally spaced transducer elements 41-42.
- the tube 49 will be understood to carry a single lead cable 43, and all necessary individual canducers are excited in unison.
- nections, as at 44-45, maybe made from base 40 to the respective transducer elements. Because each transducer element 41 or 42 functions with a slight residual
- the arrangement of Fig. 5 illustrates a further modification wherein the plurality of angularly spaced transducer units exceeds two. Depending upon the size of the support member 50, compared with the diameter of the individual transducer elements (such as that of the element 51), almost any desired plurality of elements 51 can be bonded to and spaced around a given support member 50. In every case, the slit openings (as at 52) will face outwardly of the support 50, so that all reacting forces will be directed at the axis of the support 50. In the arrangement of Fig. 5, three equally angularly spaced transducer units 51 53--54 are shown, and if the device is supported with the axis of base 50 oriented vertically, generally omnidirectional response in the horizontal plane will be achieved.
- FIG. 6 I show an array of like transducer assemblies, each of which comprises a central support, as at 60-, and two diametrically opposed transducer elements 6162.
- the assemblies 63-64 duplicate the assembly 6tl- 6162, and frame means 6566 serve to interconnect the corresponding longitudinal ends of the support memers (60) for all transducer assemblies.
- the frame means 65-66 maintains the axes of all composite cylinders in substantially parallel relation; for any particular transducer assembly (e. g. 63), the plane which includes both cylinder axes is spaced from and generally parallel to the corresponding plane of the adjacent transducer assembly.
- an elongated metal tubular member having a single continuous slit at one angular location, support means rigidly tied to said cylinder at a location substantially diametrically opposite the location of said slit, whereby opposite halves of said cylinder constitute tynes of a tuning fork, and piezoelectric element means bonded to and carried by each of said tynes.
- a transducer of the character indicated two coaxially interfitting cylindrical members bonded to each other and slit longitudinally at the same angular location, one of said members being of metallic tubing, and the other of said members being a piezoelectric transducer element, said element comprising inner and outer foil electrodes bonded to a cylindrical piezoelectric core.
- a transducer of the character indicated an elongated metal tube, an elongated tubular piezoelectric transducer element substantially coextensive with said tube and bonded to the inner surface thereof, said metal tube and said transducer element being slitted longitudinally as essentially the same angular location, and rigid support means secured to said metal tube at a location substantially diametrically opposite the location of said slit.
- a transducer of the character indicated an elongated metal tube, an elongated tubular piezoelectric transducer element substantially coextensive with said tube and bonded to the inner surface thereof, said metal tube and said transducer element being slitted longitudinally at essentially the same angular location, rigid support means secured to said metal tube at a location substantially diametrically opposite the location of said slit, and elongated pressurearelease means carried by said support and positioned generally centrally of said transducer element.
- an elongated metal tube and an elongated tubular piezoelectric transducer element substantially coextensive with said tube and bonded to the inner surface thereof, said metal tube and said transducer element being slitted longitudinally at essentially the same angular location, rigid support means secured to said metal tube at a location substantially diametrically opposite the location of said slit, said support comprising an elongated metal tube closed at both ends, the axis of saidsupport tube being parallel to the axis of said transducer element, and said support tube being secured to said slit metal tube essentially along a line in the diametral plane including said slit.
- a transducer according to claim 7, and including lead-in supply means for said piezoelectric element and contained within said support tube, said lead-in supply means being potted in said support tube.
- each said transducer comprising a cylinder of piezoelectric material bonded within a metal cylinder, each transducer element being slitted at one angular location, said metal cylinder being secured to said support along a line in the diametral plane of said transducer element which includes said slit.
- each transducer element comprising an outer cylinder of metal and an inner cylindrical piezoelectric motor element, each transducer being longitudinally slitted at essentially one angular location and being secured to said support at a diametrically opposite location.
- each said assembly including a common metal tubular support and two split composite cylindrical transducers secured to said support at diametrically opposite locations, each transducer comprising an outer metal tube and a cylindrical piezoelectric motor element bonded to the inner surface of said metal tube, said transducers being secured to said support With the splits thereof facing outwardly of said support.
- each said assembly including a common metal tubular support and two split composite cylindrical transducers secured to said support at diametrically opposite locations, each transducer comprising an outer metal tube and a piezoelectric cylindrical motor element bonded to the inner surface of said metal tube, said transducers being secured to said support with the splits thereof facing outwardly of said support, and frame means interconnecting corresponding longitudinal ends of said supports and orienting the axes of all transducer elements in substantially parallel relation.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Description
Nov. 5, 1957 5 w. 'r. HARRIS SPLIT CYLINDRICAL TRANSDUCER Filed May 22, 1956 m m m m HTZ'OEA/EVS 2,812,452 $1 1.11 CYLINDRICAL TRANSDUCER Wilbur Harris, Southbury, Conn., assignor to The Harris Transducer Corporation, Woodbury, Conn., a corporation of Connecticut Appiication May 22, 1956, Serial No. 586,501 13 Claims. (Cl. 310-8.2)
My invention relates to an improved electroacoustic transducer construction having particular application to underwater radiation where a high power-to-weight ratio is of extreme importance, as for example, in helicopterdunked applications.
It is an object to provide an improved device of the character indicated. y
it is another object to provide an improved underwater acoustic radiating transducer featuring extreme simplicity and ruggedness.
it is also an object to meet the above objects with a construction inherently capable of essentially omnidirectional radiation, as throughout a horizontal plane.
it is a further object to provide an improved basic transducer-element configuration lending itself to a plurality of various array configurations depending upon the overall response desired.
Other objects and various further features of novelty and invention will be pointed out or will occur to those skilled in the art from a reading of the following specification in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In said drawings, which show, for illustrative purposes only, preferred forms of the invention:
Fig. l is a simplified view in perspective with certain parts broken away to reveal internal construction of a transducer of my invention; 1
Fig.2 is an enlarged sectional view, taken in the plane 2-2 of Fig. 1; i e
Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing a modification; and y Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are further views in perspective showing alternative array utilizations of the basic transducer element of Fig. l or 3.
Briefly stated, my invention contemplates a basic transducer element comprising essentially two 'coaxially interfitting cylindrical members bonded to each other and longitudinally split at essentially a single angular location. One of the tubular members is a metal support, and the other tubular member is a piezoelectric motor element. In the forms to be described, the piezoelectric motor element is contained within the metal tube, and support for the assembly is provided essentially along a line diametrically opposite the slit location, as by brazing the support member to the outer metal tube of the transducer element. Various array configurations for the basic transducer element areshown and described.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, my invention is shown in application to a composite cylindrical transducer element 10 comprising an outer metal tube or cylinder 11, as of steel or aluminum, and an inner tube or cylinder 12, constituting a piezoelectric motor element. The two cylinders 11-12 are substantially coextensive and are bonded throughout, as by means of an'epoxy resin; both cylinders 11-12 are slitted or split at 13 along aline at essentially asingle angular location, Support for the element 10 may be provided bya rigid elongated metal base member or support 14, which is shown as a tube closed at both ends,'as by merelyflattenin'g' at 15-16 to provide securing means 17-12} for mounting purposes. The support 14 is in the form shown secured to the metal cylinder'll along essentially a line diametrically opposite the slit 13, and in Fig. 2 elongated brazing connections" are suggested at' 19-20.
States Patent o The piezoelectric motor element may comprise a piezoelectric core 21, as of barium titanate, and carrying two foil electrodes 22-23 on the inner and outer surfaces thereof. The core 21 will be understood to be polarized in the usual manner so that alternating electric voltage applied across the'electrodes 22-23 will mechanically stress the core 21 to produce expanding and contracting generally radial movements of the opposed tynes or arms,
designated generally 24-25. The piezoelectric motor 12' may be bonded to the metal cylinder 11 with plastic, solder, or enamel, and the composite assembly may be dipped in enamel or plastic to provide the coating 26 over ail exposed surfaces.
Electric-lead connections are established to a supply cable 27 which may be conveniently accommodated within the support 14. Because one electrode (22) of the piezoelectric motor 12 is electrically connected to the metal cylinder 11 and thus to the support 14, a ground lead 28 may merely be connected to the support 14. The remaining lead 29 may pass through an insulated bushing 30 adjacent one supported end of the transducer unit it and the necessary electrical connection made directly to the inner foil electrode 23, as best shown in Fig. 1. To complete the assembly, the interior of the support 14 may be potted in a suitable incompressible plastic.
For certain applications, it is desirable to provide a pressure-release mechanism within the tubular transducer unit 10, and in Fig. 3 I illustrate how such provision may be conveniently made. For convenience, parts common to both Figs. 1 and 3 have been given the same reference numerals in both cases. Actually, pressure release within the transducer unit 10 may be very simply provided by employment of air-filled rubber or the like, but in Fig. 3 I illustrate my preference for a more rugged pressure-release member 32, which is shown to comprise an elongated flattened relatively thin-walled tube of metal closed at both ends, as by squeezing to form mounting lugs 33-34; the pressure-release length of member 32 is thus preferably of generally oval section.
The pocket defined within the pressure-release tube 32 may contain merely air, or it may be filled with an airfilled rubber or the like. Simple standards 35 carried by the base 14 adequately position and hold the respective ends 33-34 of the pressure-release member.
- In operation, the horseshoe-shaped device vibrates something like a tuning fork when A.-C. voltage is applied, and for this characteristic mode, the composite split cylinder is a high-Q resonant structure. The'rnotion of the centers of vibration on either side of the diametral plane of the split has a component normal to said plane and a component parallel to said plane. Therefore, in operation, any single composite cylindrical device has a small resultant component of force or motion which would be communicated to the base or holder 14. Such force or motion is suggested by the arrow 38 in Fig. 2.
In Fig. 4, I illustrate one form of array configuration to which my basic transducer element, be it of the form of Fig. 1 or that of Fig. 3, is inherently applicable. In Fig. 4, a single elongated tubular support member 40 serves a plurality of longitudinally spaced transducer elements 41-42. The tube 49 will be understood to carry a single lead cable 43, and all necessary individual canducers are excited in unison.
nections, as at 44-45, maybe made from base 40 to the respective transducer elements. Because each transducer element 41 or 42 functions with a slight residual The arrangement of Fig. 5 illustrates a further modification wherein the plurality of angularly spaced transducer units exceeds two. Depending upon the size of the support member 50, compared with the diameter of the individual transducer elements (such as that of the element 51), almost any desired plurality of elements 51 can be bonded to and spaced around a given support member 50. In every case, the slit openings (as at 52) will face outwardly of the support 50, so that all reacting forces will be directed at the axis of the support 50. In the arrangement of Fig. 5, three equally angularly spaced transducer units 51 53--54 are shown, and if the device is supported with the axis of base 50 oriented vertically, generally omnidirectional response in the horizontal plane will be achieved.
In the arrangement of Fig. 6, I show an array of like transducer assemblies, each of which comprises a central support, as at 60-, and two diametrically opposed transducer elements 6162. For the fragment shown in Fig. 6, the assemblies 63-64 duplicate the assembly 6tl- 6162, and frame means 6566 serve to interconnect the corresponding longitudinal ends of the support memers (60) for all transducer assemblies. In the arrangement shown, the frame means 65-66 maintains the axes of all composite cylinders in substantially parallel relation; for any particular transducer assembly (e. g. 63), the plane which includes both cylinder axes is spaced from and generally parallel to the corresponding plane of the adjacent transducer assembly.
It will be seen that I have described an improved basic transducer construction lending itself particularly to use in array configurations in a manner to neutralize reaction forces. My device is inherently characterized by a high power-to-weight ratio, and yet the structure is sufliciently rugged to Withstand substantial abuse.
While I have described the invention in detail for the preferred forms illustrated, it will be understood that modifications may be made within the scope of the invention, as defined in the claims which follow.
I claim:
1. In a transducer of thecharacter indicated, an elongated metal tubular member having a single continuous slit at one angular location, support means rigidly tied to said cylinder at a location substantially diametrically opposite the location of said slit, whereby opposite halves of said cylinder constitute tynes of a tuning fork, and piezoelectric element means bonded to and carried by each of said tynes.
2. In a transducer of the character indicated, two coaxially interfitting cylindrical members bonded to each other and slit longitudinally at the same angular location, one of said members being of metallic tubing, and the other of said members being a piezoelectric transducer element, said element comprising inner and outer foil electrodes bonded to a cylindrical piezoelectric core.
3. In a transducer of the character indicated, an elongated metal tube, an elongated tubular piezoelectric transducer element substantially coextensive with said tube and bonded to the inner surface thereof, said metal tube and said transducer element being slitted longitudinally as essentially the same angular location, and rigid support means secured to said metal tube at a location substantially diametrically opposite the location of said slit.
4. In a transducer of the character indicated, an elongated metal tube, an elongated tubular piezoelectric transducer element substantially coextensive with said tube and bonded to the inner surface thereof, said metal tube and said transducer element being slitted longitudinally at essentially the same angular location, rigid support means secured to said metal tube at a location substantially diametrically opposite the location of said slit, and elongated pressurearelease means carried by said support and positioned generally centrally of said transducer element.
5. A transducer according to claim 4, in which said pressure-release means comprises an elongated metallic tube closed at both ends to define a sealed pressurerelease volume, said pressure-release volume being substantially coextensive with. said transducer element.
6. A transducer according to claim 5, in which said tube is of relatively thin-walled generally oval section and is air-filled.
7. In a transducer of the character indicated, an elongated metal tube and an elongated tubular piezoelectric transducer element substantially coextensive with said tube and bonded to the inner surface thereof, said metal tube and said transducer element being slitted longitudinally at essentially the same angular location, rigid support means secured to said metal tube at a location substantially diametrically opposite the location of said slit, said support comprising an elongated metal tube closed at both ends, the axis of saidsupport tube being parallel to the axis of said transducer element, and said support tube being secured to said slit metal tube essentially along a line in the diametral plane including said slit.
8 A transducer according to claim 7, and including lead-in supply means for said piezoelectric element and contained within said support tube, said lead-in supply means being potted in said support tube.
9. In combination, an elongated metal support, and a plurality of longitudinally slitted composite cylindrical transducer elements secured to said support at substantially equally angularly spaced locations around said support, each said transducer comprising a cylinder of piezoelectric material bonded within a metal cylinder, each transducer element being slitted at one angular location, said metal cylinder being secured to said support along a line in the diametral plane of said transducer element which includes said slit.
10. In combination, an elongated metal support member and a plurality of like elongated transducer assemblies secured in longitudinally spaced relation to said support member, each transducer element comprising an outer cylinder of metal and an inner cylindrical piezoelectric motor element, each transducer being longitudinally slitted at essentially one angular location and being secured to said support at a diametrically opposite location.
11. The combination according to claim 10, in which said support is a tube closed at both ends and contains lead-in connections toall said transducers.
12. In combination, an array of like transducer assemblies, each said assembly including a common metal tubular support and two split composite cylindrical transducers secured to said support at diametrically opposite locations, each transducer comprising an outer metal tube and a cylindrical piezoelectric motor element bonded to the inner surface of said metal tube, said transducers being secured to said support With the splits thereof facing outwardly of said support.
13. In combination, an array of like transducer assemblies, each said assembly including a common metal tubular support and two split composite cylindrical transducers secured to said support at diametrically opposite locations, each transducer comprising an outer metal tube and a piezoelectric cylindrical motor element bonded to the inner surface of said metal tube, said transducers being secured to said support with the splits thereof facing outwardly of said support, and frame means interconnecting corresponding longitudinal ends of said supports and orienting the axes of all transducer elements in substantially parallel relation.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US586501A US2812452A (en) | 1956-05-22 | 1956-05-22 | Split cylindrical transducer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US586501A US2812452A (en) | 1956-05-22 | 1956-05-22 | Split cylindrical transducer |
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US2812452A true US2812452A (en) | 1957-11-05 |
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US586501A Expired - Lifetime US2812452A (en) | 1956-05-22 | 1956-05-22 | Split cylindrical transducer |
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Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2928069A (en) * | 1954-10-13 | 1960-03-08 | Gulton Ind Inc | Transducer |
US2949910A (en) * | 1957-03-29 | 1960-08-23 | James R Brown | Phonocardiac catheter |
US3059129A (en) * | 1961-03-08 | 1962-10-16 | Collins Radio Co | Pulse forming circuit using momentarily conducting transistor base-emitter leakage current to charge timing capacitor |
US3325780A (en) * | 1965-10-21 | 1967-06-13 | John J Horan | Flexural transducers |
FR2123048A1 (en) * | 1970-08-07 | 1972-09-08 | Electronique Appliquee | |
US4156824A (en) * | 1977-12-15 | 1979-05-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Composite low frequency transducer |
US4220887A (en) * | 1978-11-30 | 1980-09-02 | Kompanek Harry W | Prestressed, split cylindrical electromechanical transducer |
US4257482A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1981-03-24 | Kompanek Harry W | Sonic gravel packing method and tool for downhole oil wells |
US4651044A (en) * | 1978-08-17 | 1987-03-17 | Kompanek Harry W | Electroacoustical transducer |
US4774427A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1988-09-27 | Piezo Sona-Tool Corporation | Downhole oil well vibrating system |
US5103130A (en) * | 1988-12-20 | 1992-04-07 | Rolt Kenneth D | Sound reinforcing seal for slotted acoustic transducers |
US5122992A (en) * | 1990-08-09 | 1992-06-16 | Piezo Sona-Tool Corporation | Transducer assembly |
US5132942A (en) * | 1989-06-16 | 1992-07-21 | Alphonse Cassone | Low frequency electroacoustic transducer |
US5256920A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1993-10-26 | Lockheed Sanders, Inc. | Acoustic transducer |
WO2000038847A1 (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2000-07-06 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Composite marine seismic source |
USRE37204E1 (en) * | 1989-03-30 | 2001-06-05 | Piezo Sona-Tool Corporation | Transducer assembly |
US6285631B1 (en) * | 1999-10-04 | 2001-09-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Slotted cylinder transducer with sealing boot and method of making same |
US20030153404A1 (en) * | 2001-12-04 | 2003-08-14 | Kennedy Thomas J. | Golf ball |
US6653763B2 (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2003-11-25 | Sae Magnetics (H.K.) Ltd. | Dual stage actuator systems for high density hard disk drives using annular rotary piezoelectric actuators |
US6781288B2 (en) | 1999-01-27 | 2004-08-24 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Ultra-low frequency acoustic transducer |
WO2005062667A1 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-07-07 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Acoustic projector having minimized mechanical stresses |
US20060056275A1 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2006-03-16 | Deangelis Matthew M | Acoustic projector and method of manufacture |
US8717849B1 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2014-05-06 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Slotted cylinder acoustic transducer |
WO2018057548A1 (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-29 | Bedard Fernand | Downed aircraft location system and method |
US11661160B1 (en) | 2021-11-18 | 2023-05-30 | Teledyne Instruments, Inc. | Low frequency sound source for long-range glider communication and networking |
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US2565159A (en) * | 1949-04-21 | 1951-08-21 | Brush Dev Co | Focused electromechanical device |
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1956
- 1956-05-22 US US586501A patent/US2812452A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US2719929A (en) * | 1955-10-04 | brown | ||
US1693806A (en) * | 1925-02-28 | 1928-12-04 | Rca Corp | Electromechanical system |
US2565159A (en) * | 1949-04-21 | 1951-08-21 | Brush Dev Co | Focused electromechanical device |
Cited By (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2928069A (en) * | 1954-10-13 | 1960-03-08 | Gulton Ind Inc | Transducer |
US2949910A (en) * | 1957-03-29 | 1960-08-23 | James R Brown | Phonocardiac catheter |
US3059129A (en) * | 1961-03-08 | 1962-10-16 | Collins Radio Co | Pulse forming circuit using momentarily conducting transistor base-emitter leakage current to charge timing capacitor |
US3325780A (en) * | 1965-10-21 | 1967-06-13 | John J Horan | Flexural transducers |
FR2123048A1 (en) * | 1970-08-07 | 1972-09-08 | Electronique Appliquee | |
US4156824A (en) * | 1977-12-15 | 1979-05-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Composite low frequency transducer |
US4651044A (en) * | 1978-08-17 | 1987-03-17 | Kompanek Harry W | Electroacoustical transducer |
US4220887A (en) * | 1978-11-30 | 1980-09-02 | Kompanek Harry W | Prestressed, split cylindrical electromechanical transducer |
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