US2808201A - Centrifugal machine for separating and clarifying liquids - Google Patents

Centrifugal machine for separating and clarifying liquids Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2808201A
US2808201A US443401A US44340154A US2808201A US 2808201 A US2808201 A US 2808201A US 443401 A US443401 A US 443401A US 44340154 A US44340154 A US 44340154A US 2808201 A US2808201 A US 2808201A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
discs
bowl
liquids
liquid
stack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US443401A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mayeux Jean Maurice
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2808201A publication Critical patent/US2808201A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
    • B01D21/262—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force by using a centrifuge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/30—Control equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/44—Edge filtering elements, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces
    • B01D29/46—Edge filtering elements, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces of flat, stacked bodies

Definitions

  • constructors use, as a base, measurements of the falling speed of solid particles, in static decantation, wherein the time of decantation is effectively a direct function of the length of the paths followed by the products which are being decanted before they reach the bottom of the'vats.
  • Applicant believes that, if, at the point where the centrifugal force is maximum for a given liquid, the particles to be eliminated (whether they be solid or liquid) have not been able to reach, under the action of this centrifugal force, a speed higher than that of the liquid stream in the opposite direction, the length of the path is unimportant as well as the time spent in the bowl.
  • the invention resides in a centrifugal machine which, instead of comprising conical dishes like most of the existing machines, is provided withperfectly plane partitions perpendicular to the axis of the bowl, as thin as possible and separated by distance-pieces the thickness of which varies according to the materials to be treated and the dimensions of which are as small as possible so as to suppress all meridian partitioning inside the stack of discs by placing these inevitable distance-pieces outside the paths followed by the liquids and solids towards the axis or towards the outside of the rotor.
  • the machine built according to the invention comprises a bowl', provided inside with a dividing partitioning, consisting of plane discs arranged perpendicularly and concentrically with respect to the axis of the shaft driving said 'bowl in a high speed rotation motion, said discs being separated from one another by spacing washers the thickness of which has been selected according to the size and nature of the particles in suspension in the liquids to be treated in the machine.
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the centrifugal machine alongits axis of rotation; i
  • Fig. 2 shows, in plane view, oneof the dividing discs on which are placed spacing washers; i l i Fig. 3 shows the discin section alongthe line III- 1H ofFig.2; L,
  • Fig. 4 shows,sche'rnatically, the shortened path for the. liquids; p I
  • Fig. 5 shows, schematically, the outside path.
  • the hub 2 may bekeyed or not onto the shaft 3.
  • a distributor 4 is arranged, the base 4a of which is provided with radial channels 5 opening, at their lower end under holes 5a located at a distance from the axis of the bowl equal to that of the theoretical position of the surface of separation between two liquids, selected for the considered bowl.
  • the base of the distributor supports a stack of dividing discs 6, plane in shape, obtained by cutting out from metal blanks and, each one of them comprising two series of holes 6a (Fig. 2) and a series of peripheral notches 6b.
  • the stack of discs is obtained by securing, on a lower flange 7,.pins 8 for engagement with the holes 6a-of the, discs.
  • the discs 6 can then be passed on the pins 8 while separating them from one another by means of spacing washers 9 also passed over the pins.
  • the flange 7 is provided with aperturesi'a coinciding with the notches 6b of the discs 6-andtheapertures 5a of the channels 5 of the distributorl. a 1
  • the washers 9 might be welded on the discs, but it is preferable to leave them independentofthe latterjso that it may be possible, by varying their thickness, with 3 the same discs, to constitute stackgjn which the discs are spaced from one another accordingto the materials to be treated.
  • the discs are heldassembled in the shape of a stackby means of an upper'flange 10, on whichthe pins 8 arel held, by means ofnuts, for instance. 7, .t
  • the number of discs depends, obviously, on the dimensions of the bowl 1 and on their spacing, determined, as just set forth, according to the materials to be treated.
  • the pins 8 are flush with the outer plane of each one of the flanges 7 and 10 and the stack thus constituted is machined to remove any small diflerences which may occur in the discs. 7 V
  • the stack of discs 6 thus forms an assembly which it is not necessary to dismantle when cleaning the machine, and which is interchangeable with other stacks having various characteristics.
  • the stack of discs 6 is covered with a cap 11 fitting on the bowl 1, with an interposed seal 12, under the pressure of a clamping ring 13 screwed on the bowl 1.
  • spouts 14 arranged radially and inclined substantially at 45
  • the spouts fit into notches provided in the upper flange 10 which comprises further slots 10a for the passage of the light liquid in the case of the separation of two liquids or of the single clarified liquid in the case of the treatment of a single liquid.
  • the slots 10a face holes 16 provided in the cap 11.
  • a neck or collar 19 associated with the cap 11 ensures the upward motion of the lighter liquid (case of the separation of two or more liquids) or of the single liquid, to the level necessary for its evacuation.
  • the distance from the axis of the bowl to the outlet for the liquid may be adjusted by mounting on the neck a ring which acts as a throttle.
  • the machine is completed by flanges 20, 21, and 22 made of elastic materials selected according to the liquids to be treated and carried by the receivers 23, 2.4 and 25 respectively.
  • the flanges are attached to the receivers by means of clamping rings 23a, 24a, and 25a, held on them by bolts.
  • each flange has a smaller diameter than the opening of the rigid receiver which carries it and which is determined, once for all, when building the machine.
  • the rigid portions of the receivers and the flanges constitute baflles which, as just set forth, brake the circulation of air or of vapours and which may be combined with one another or placed in any location deemed suitable for adjusting said circulation.
  • the machine may operate as a separator or as a clarifier. When used as a separator, the elements of the machine appear as shown schematically in Fig. 4.
  • the mixture of solids and liquids to be separated is introduced continuously in the direction of the arrow F into a container 26 provided, at its base, with a spout 27 extending down into the distributor 4, this in a known manner.
  • the mixture of the liquids rises, according to the theory of operation of such machines, through the holes a, 7a and the notches 6b, and the liquids are then evacuated, according to their specific gravity, towards the inside or towards the outside of the stack of discs 6.
  • the heavy liquid comes out along the arrows f and rises up to the spouts 14, through which it passes to reach the adjustment diaphragm 18 and to be evacuated through the space 29 between the receivers 23 and 24.
  • the solid, heavy impurities slide outwards, penetrating or not between the discs 6 according to their size and they are partly evacuated together with the heavy liquid and partly applied on the inner Wall of the bowl 1 and of the bowl cap 11.
  • the outlet device provided for the heavy liquid makes it possible, by a proper choice of the lengths and diameters of the spouts, to ensure the evacuation of a large portion of the solid impurities, denser than the heavy liquid, by acting on the evacuation speeds of the solids and of the heavy liquid.
  • the light, solid impurities always fine, slide inwards of the stack of discs 6 and are housed in the silt chamber 15 formed between said stack and the distributor 4, this under the condition that these impurities be lighter than the light liquid.
  • the chamber 15 may be provided with an air-evacuating device which has not been shown.
  • the surface of separation of the liquids through the stack of discs 6 may be limited by the chaindotted circumference line shown in Fig. 2.
  • the light liquid moves substantially along the path f, while the heavy liquid moves along the trajectory f.
  • the liquid to be clarified is introduced along the arrow F and, passing through the radial channels 5 of the distributor '4, it passes through the stacks of discs 6 following the direction of the arrows f, and is evacuated through the space 28 between the receivers 24 and 25.
  • the orifices 7a should be stopped even when the machine is to operate as a separator.
  • a rotor consisting of a bowl; a vertical shaft located on the axis of said bowl for driving it in a high speed rotating motion; a distributor bringing the liquid to be treated to the center of said bowl; a stator comprising a container divided into several chambers for receiving the various divided portions of the liquid treated; a separator unit located inside said bowl and comprising a plurality of plane thin dividing discs arranged perpendicularly and concentrically with respect to the axis of the shaft driving the bowl, said dividing discs being spaced from each other by spacing washers that are located outside of the outward spiral path of the heavier liquids and solids and outside of the inward spiral path of the lighter liquids and solids; a plurality of orifices formed in said plane dividing discs, said orifices being adapted to be left free or stopped according to whether it is desired to allow the liquid to be treated to reach the axis of the bowl or to send it back towards the
  • a rotor consisting of a bowl; a vertical shaft located on the axis of said bowl for driving it in a high speed rotating motion; a distributor bringing the liquid to be treated to the center of said bowl; a stator comprising -a container divided into several chambers for receiving the various divided portions of the liquid treated; a separator unit located inside said bowl and comprising a plurality of plane thin dividing discs arranged perpendicularly and concentrically with respect to the axis of the shaft driving the bowl, said dividing discs being spaced from each other by spacing washers that are located outside of the outward spiral path of the heavier liquids and solids and outside of the inward spiral path of the lighter liquids and solids, said spacing washers having as small a diameter as possible and a thickness which depends upon the size and nature of the particles in suspension in the liquids to be treated in the machine; a plurality of orifices formed in said plane dividing discs, said orific
  • a centrifugal machine in which the plane dividing discs have a central opening through which the distributor of the machine passes for forming around said distributor a silt chamber for the light liquid, the upper flange of the stack of dividing discs being provided with apertures located above said chamber for allowing the evacuation of said light liquid.
  • a centrifugal machine in which the plane dividing discs have a central opening through which the distributor of the machine passes for forming a silt chamber; the upper flange of the stack of dividing discs being provided with apertures located above said chamber for allowing the evacuation of the light liquid flowing through said silt chamber; the orifices formed in the plane dividing discs comprising radial slots located on the peripheries of said discs and the lower flange of the stack of dividing discs being provided with openings located opposite said slots in the dividing discs so that the inlet of liquid is effected inside said stack with no risk of clogging between the discs.
  • a centrifugal machine in which the plane dividing discs have a central opening through which the distributor of the machine passes for forming a silt chamber; the upper flange of the stack of dividing discs being provided with apertures for allowing the evacuation of the light liquid flowing through said silt chamber; the orifices formed in the plane dividing discs comprising radial slots located on the peripheries of said discs and the lower flange of the stack of dividing discs being provided with openings located opposite said slots in the dividing discs so that the inlet of liquid is effected inside said stack with no risk of clogging between the discs, said lower flange openings being adapted to be closed by plugs thereby compelling the liquid to pass outside the stack.
  • a fixed stator member provided at its upper central portion with a downwardly extending conduit for introducing said liquids; a rotor member adapted to be rotatably driven at high speed and including a substan tially cylindrical bowl and a cover member detachably and hermetically fixed on the upper part of said bowl; a driving shaft centrally mounted on the lower part of said bowl; a distributor mounted centrally of said rotor member and in communication with said liquid conduit; a plurality of radially disposed channels formed between the lower face of said distributor and the base of said bowl; a cylindrical self-cleaning separator unit comprising a stack of flat discs of equal diameters, said discs being spaced apart and mounted on and around said distributor; a plurality of orifices formed in said discs in vertical register to form vertical passages through said stack, each of said passages being adapted to communicate with the outer extremity of one of said radially disposed channels; an outer annular chamber formed between
  • a fixed stator member provided at its upper central portion with a downwardly extending conduit for introducing said liquids; a rotor member adapted to be rotatably driven at high speed and including a substantially cylindrical bowl and a cover member detachably and hermetically fixed on the upper part of said bowl; a driving shaft centrally mounted on the lower part of said bowl; a distributor mounted centrally of said rotor member and in communication with said liquid conduit; a plurality of radially disposed channels formed between the lower face of said distributor and the base of said bowl; a cylindrical self-cleaning separator unit formed by a plurality of flat thin discs arranged at right angles to and concentrically with the axis of said bowl, said discs forming separator plates and being provided with vertically aligned assembly holes; support rods extending through the aligned assembly holes of said discs; a flange forming the lower extremity of said distributor, said rods being fixed at their lower extremities to said
  • the orifices formed in said discs comprise radially that they-liesubstantially out ofthe outward spiral path disposed slots spaced apart uniformly on the periphery of theheavier liquids and solids and also out of the inof said discs and extend inwardly at least to the critical wardspiral path of the lighter liquidsand solids. diameter of the surface of separation of the liquids treated in the machine, said slots communicating with openings 5 i a 7 References Cited inthe file of this Patent formed in said flange so as to permit communication of t V UNITED STATES PATENTS said vertical passages with the outer extremities of said 2,403,089 L'ars n, 2, 1946 radially disposed channels.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
US443401A 1953-09-25 1954-07-14 Centrifugal machine for separating and clarifying liquids Expired - Lifetime US2808201A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1090140T 1953-09-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2808201A true US2808201A (en) 1957-10-01

Family

ID=9614766

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US443401A Expired - Lifetime US2808201A (en) 1953-09-25 1954-07-14 Centrifugal machine for separating and clarifying liquids

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2808201A (de)
DE (1) DE1071596B (de)
FR (1) FR1090140A (de)
NL (2) NL187107B (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3036332A (en) * 1958-09-11 1962-05-29 Townsend Engineering Co Continuous meat stuffer
US3073517A (en) * 1959-04-07 1963-01-15 Beckman Instruments Inc Continuous flow centrifuge apparatus and rotor therefor
US3191856A (en) * 1962-03-27 1965-06-29 Beckman Instruments Inc Centrifuge rotor
US3311296A (en) * 1963-11-12 1967-03-28 Exxon Research Engineering Co Separation apparatus
US3400785A (en) * 1966-09-26 1968-09-10 Ford Motor Co Engine lubrication system
US4071188A (en) * 1976-08-23 1978-01-31 Mikhail Egorovich Afonin Centrifugal separator for treating liquids
US4142671A (en) * 1977-05-11 1979-03-06 Ivin Jury F Rotor of centrifugal separator
US4228951A (en) * 1977-06-20 1980-10-21 Berber Viktor A Centrifugal liquid purifier
US5733239A (en) * 1988-11-08 1998-03-31 Alfa-Laval Separation Ab Plant for freeing a liquid from a substance dispersed therein and having a larger density than the liquid
US20010012814A1 (en) * 1999-07-12 2001-08-09 May David F. Motor driven centrifugal filter
US20060100083A1 (en) * 2002-09-02 2006-05-11 Torgny Lagerstedt Disc stacking arrangement
US20060135339A1 (en) * 2002-06-19 2006-06-22 Martin Sandgren Rotation body arrangement
US20100099545A1 (en) * 2007-03-14 2010-04-22 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab Compressible unit for a centrifugal separator
US12472513B2 (en) 2019-11-14 2025-11-18 Alfdex Ab Disc stack, rotor unit, centrifugal separator, method of providing disc stack, and method of providing rotor unit

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191115480A (en) * 1911-07-03 1911-10-05 Sophus Christopher Hauberg Improvements in or relating to Centrifugal Separators for Milk and the like.
US2403089A (en) * 1943-04-30 1946-07-02 Lars Ernest Centrifugal separator

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191115480A (en) * 1911-07-03 1911-10-05 Sophus Christopher Hauberg Improvements in or relating to Centrifugal Separators for Milk and the like.
US2403089A (en) * 1943-04-30 1946-07-02 Lars Ernest Centrifugal separator

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3036332A (en) * 1958-09-11 1962-05-29 Townsend Engineering Co Continuous meat stuffer
US3073517A (en) * 1959-04-07 1963-01-15 Beckman Instruments Inc Continuous flow centrifuge apparatus and rotor therefor
US3191856A (en) * 1962-03-27 1965-06-29 Beckman Instruments Inc Centrifuge rotor
US3311296A (en) * 1963-11-12 1967-03-28 Exxon Research Engineering Co Separation apparatus
US3400785A (en) * 1966-09-26 1968-09-10 Ford Motor Co Engine lubrication system
US4071188A (en) * 1976-08-23 1978-01-31 Mikhail Egorovich Afonin Centrifugal separator for treating liquids
US4142671A (en) * 1977-05-11 1979-03-06 Ivin Jury F Rotor of centrifugal separator
US4228951A (en) * 1977-06-20 1980-10-21 Berber Viktor A Centrifugal liquid purifier
US5733239A (en) * 1988-11-08 1998-03-31 Alfa-Laval Separation Ab Plant for freeing a liquid from a substance dispersed therein and having a larger density than the liquid
US20010012814A1 (en) * 1999-07-12 2001-08-09 May David F. Motor driven centrifugal filter
US20060135339A1 (en) * 2002-06-19 2006-06-22 Martin Sandgren Rotation body arrangement
US20060100083A1 (en) * 2002-09-02 2006-05-11 Torgny Lagerstedt Disc stacking arrangement
US20100099545A1 (en) * 2007-03-14 2010-04-22 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab Compressible unit for a centrifugal separator
US8257240B2 (en) * 2007-03-14 2012-09-04 Aifa Laval Corporate Ab Compressible disc unit for a centrifugal separator
US12472513B2 (en) 2019-11-14 2025-11-18 Alfdex Ab Disc stack, rotor unit, centrifugal separator, method of providing disc stack, and method of providing rotor unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1071596B (de) 1959-12-17
NL97838C (de)
FR1090140A (fr) 1955-03-28
NL187107B (nl)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2808201A (en) Centrifugal machine for separating and clarifying liquids
US2711854A (en) Centrifuge for separating sludge from liquids
US2578485A (en) Centrifugal separation
US2417747A (en) Centrifuge for separating liquids from gases and heavy impurities
JPS62102846A (ja) 遠心分離機
US3931927A (en) Centrifuge
US3387708A (en) Paper machine screen
US2719668A (en) Centrifugal bowl
US4033879A (en) Centrifuge, especially sugar centrifuge
US2293398A (en) Apparatus for separating materials
US3276591A (en) Apparatus for treating suspensions
US2291117A (en) Centrifugal separator
US3075693A (en) Centrifuge filtration
US2587206A (en) Centrifugal separator
SU1261715A1 (ru) Сепаратор дл разделени жидкости
US3637134A (en) Apparatus for indicating the sludge level in centrifuges
SE459159B (sv) Centrifugalseparator med utmatningsorgan
US1468740A (en) Centrifugal separation and centrifugal filtration of liquids
US2598118A (en) Centrifugal apparatus for segregating constituents of different specific gravities
US2209043A (en) Centrifugal separator bowl
GB336865A (de)
US1113005A (en) Cream-separator.
US2641363A (en) Apparatus for clarifying liquids
RU2195370C2 (ru) Сепаратор для разделения эмульсий
RU2161537C1 (ru) Сепаратор для разделения многокомпонентной жидкой среды