US2807946A - Method of producing a seamless tubular surgical appliance - Google Patents
Method of producing a seamless tubular surgical appliance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2807946A US2807946A US409466A US40946654A US2807946A US 2807946 A US2807946 A US 2807946A US 409466 A US409466 A US 409466A US 40946654 A US40946654 A US 40946654A US 2807946 A US2807946 A US 2807946A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- knitting
- stitches
- section
- tension
- producing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 210000003423 ankle Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000002683 foot Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003484 anatomy Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000309466 calf Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/06—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads specially adapted for feet or legs; Corn-pads; Corn-rings
- A61F13/08—Elastic stockings; for contracting aneurisms
Definitions
- Such articles have been of a more or less stiff, harsh, heavy, bulky nature, and when worn under modern silk hosiery, for example, are extremely conspicuous. Furthermore, the bulkiness and harshness of the fabric causes chafing of the skin at the places where the encased portion of the anatomy and the article are required to bend, such as the back of the knee, the front of the elbow, the instep, etc.
- the main object of the present invention is to produce a seamless elastic stocking or similar tubular appliance and to give it an anatomic form or fashion right during knitting. This is achieved, when knitting the stocking or similar appliance on a circular machine to which a. rubber bearing thread is fed with tension, 'by continually augmenting the feeding tension of the yarn for correspondingly decreasing the width and/or diminishing the feeding tension of the yarn for correspondingly increasing the width where required.
- the single figure is an elevational, rather diagrammatic view of an elastic stocking according to the invention.
- the stocking represented on the drawing is composed of a plurality of interknit courses of similar stitches diagrammatically shown at 1. These stitches are relatively loose, What is due to the fact that during the'knitting of this cylindrical section or length a rubber bearing yarn is fed with a small tension to the cylindrical machine on which the stocking is being knit.
- the machine per se may be any appropriate circular knitting machine hitherto used for producing the kind of work referred to in this description.
- rubber bearing yarn means 'an elastic (rubber) filament covered, in the present instance spirally, with a textile filament of silk, cotton, woo nylon, etc. Thus, knitting this section or length from'a to b is made quite as usual.
- the stitches 2 are still of the same kind as in the sections a to b, but their size continually grows less. This diminution of size can be observed in each particular course as well as when comparing successive stitches in one particular Wale line. It is obtained by continually augmenting the tension with which the rubber bearing yarn is fed to the needles of the circular machine. It may easily be realized that while such change of the feeding tension of the yarn may be effected by hand, it is desirable to carry it out by means of adequate machinery.
- the feeding tension is held at a constant value, viz.: the value of the tension which is reached when knitting the last course of stitches of the section b to 0.
- the section or length from c to d is again knit in the usual manner.
- the heel portion 4 is obtained in the usual manner by reciprocating the knitting cylinder.
- the feeding of rubber bearingyarn is preferably interrupted in the known manner and replaced by a feeding of unelastic yarn such as cotton, nylon; it is taken up again for knitting the foot portion 6.
- the feeding tension of the rubber bearing yarn is held constant for knitting the M s, 2,807,946 v r courses in the section g to h, but somewhat augmented when knitting the courses of the section h to i, with the effect that the size of the stitches decreases from that of stitches 8 to that of the stitches 9.
- the end portion 7 from i to k is knit in stitches usual for such end portions.
- the stitches of the foot portion 6 may be of another kind than those of the leg portionv 5 (e. g.: plain instead of purl), asis'usual in elastic stockings and in the common stockings.
- the invention is not concerned with the kind of stitches which might change at any place in any desired manner (though normally such change does not occur during the knitting of the leg portion 5 nor during the knitting of the foot portion 6 except the border 7).
- the width of the stocking is proportional to the even size of the stitches, in the cylindrical sections a to b, c to d and g to h, and to the mean size of the'stitches constituting one particular course, in the sections b to c, d to e, e to f and h to i.
- a cylindrical section mightfor example be provided between the sections d to e and e to f, by holding the feeding tension of the rubber bearing yarn at the value to which it has been increased when knitting the course of stitches 3.
- conical sections may have a shape slightly different of that of a cone, since the rate at which the feeding tension is augmented or diminished during the knitting of such sections need not be constant.
- a method of producing a full fashioned seamless tubular surgical appliance upon a circular knitting machine characterized by having fine gage knitted stitches of rubber bearing yarn comprising the step of feeding with a tension a rubber bearing yarn in the formation of successively outer knit courses and varying the said tension on said yarn during the knitting of said courses to fashion said appliance, the feeding tension on said yarn being continually augmented during the knitting of consecutive courses for the purpose of producing a length of fabric the width of which decreases while the courses are knit, and the feeding tension on said yarn being continuously diminishing at another time during the knitting of consecutive courses for the purpose of producing a length of fabric the width of which increases While the courses are knit, whereby in the knitting of an elastic stocking areas of consecutive knitted courses progressing downwardly from the top of the stocking toward the heel and toe have conicity conforming to desired anatomic form and stitch sizes are minimum in areas of desired maximum restriction upon the anatomy, as at the ankle.
Description
Oct. 1, 1957 P. VIRCHAUX 2,
METHOD OF PRDDUCING A SEAMLESS TUBULAR SURGICAL APPLIANCE Filed Feb. 10, 1954 Marc: 6
METHOD OF PRODUCING A SEAMLESS TUBULAR SURGICAL APPLIANCE Paul Virchaux, Saint-Blaise, Switzerland Application February 10, 1954, Serial No. 409,466. Claims priority, application Switzerland June 4, 1953 1 Claim. (Cl. 66-184) States Patie Q This invention relates to surgical appliances such as It has'been customary to form surgical appliances of the kinds above noted of ribbed knit fabric, and to lay strands of rubber in each of the courses of stitches of which the fabric is composed, with the rubber disposed between the stitch wales drawn to one face of the ribbed fabric and the stitch wales drawn to the opposite face of the ribbed fabric. Such articles have been of a more or less stiff, harsh, heavy, bulky nature, and when worn under modern silk hosiery, for example, are extremely conspicuous. Furthermore, the bulkiness and harshness of the fabric causes chafing of the skin at the places where the encased portion of the anatomy and the article are required to bend, such as the back of the knee, the front of the elbow, the instep, etc.
Modern methods of manufacture of rubber filaments, such as are employed in elastic fabrics, have made it possible to produce the rubber filaments with cross sectional areas sufficiently small to permit the filaments to be formed into relatively fine gage knitted stitches.
Prior to the invention it has also been customary to form surgical appliances of the kinds above noted on circular machines. The knit articles hitherto obtained on these machines have the advantage of being devoid of a longitudinal seam, but also the big disadvantage that they have a cylindrical form. For this reason they had to be subjected to treatments such as ironing, steamironing or steam-pressing for the purpose of giving them a shape or fashion more accurately conformed to that of a human leg. A shape or fashion obtained in this manner soon disappears during wearing and certainly during washing. Furthermore, ifthe appliance is an elastic stocking, for example, the pressure applied to the leg should have its maximum value at the ankle and progressively decrease towards the knee. This requisite is not achieved by stockings knit and treated in the manner recited above; on the contrary, a lesser tension is applied to the ankle than to the calf of the leg. Hitherto said requisite could only be attained with stockings knitted as a flat fabric on machines having two rectilinear banks of needles in parallel spaced relation to each other, and subsequently formed to a tubular structure having a longitudinal seam. However, just this seam is highly unwished and unsatisfactory to such degree that many people prefer the cylindrically knit stockings.
The main object of the present invention, therefore, is to produce a seamless elastic stocking or similar tubular appliance and to give it an anatomic form or fashion right during knitting. This is achieved, when knitting the stocking or similar appliance on a circular machine to which a. rubber bearing thread is fed with tension, 'by continually augmenting the feeding tension of the yarn for correspondingly decreasing the width and/or diminishing the feeding tension of the yarn for correspondingly increasing the width where required.
The invention will be more fully described hereinafter by way of example, reference being had to the accompanying drawing.
The single figure is an elevational, rather diagrammatic view of an elastic stocking according to the invention.
In its uppermost section or length, extending from a to b, the stocking represented on the drawing is composed of a plurality of interknit courses of similar stitches diagrammatically shown at 1. These stitches are relatively loose, What is due to the fact that during the'knitting of this cylindrical section or length a rubber bearing yarn is fed with a small tension to the cylindrical machine on which the stocking is being knit. The machine per se may be any appropriate circular knitting machine hitherto used for producing the kind of work referred to in this description. The term rubber bearing yarn means 'an elastic (rubber) filament covered, in the present instance spirally, with a textile filament of silk, cotton, woo nylon, etc. Thus, knitting this section or length from'a to b is made quite as usual.
In the interknit courses from b to c, the stitches 2 are still of the same kind as in the sections a to b, but their size continually grows less. This diminution of size can be observed in each particular course as well as when comparing successive stitches in one particular Wale line. It is obtained by continually augmenting the tension with which the rubber bearing yarn is fed to the needles of the circular machine. It may easily be realized that while such change of the feeding tension of the yarn may be effected by hand, it is desirable to carry it out by means of adequate machinery.
When continuing and knitting the courses from c to d, the feeding tension is held at a constant value, viz.: the value of the tension which is reached when knitting the last course of stitches of the section b to 0. Thus, the section or length from c to d is again knit in the usual manner.
When knitting the section or length extending from d to e the tension at which the yarn is fed to the circular machine is augmented at a rate somewhat greater than during the knitting of the section b to c with the effect that the conicity of this section d to e is accordingly stronger than that of the section b to 0 because the size of the stitches decreases more rapidly. The stitches 3 in the last course of the section a to e (or the first course of the section e to 1) have the smallest size.
In the further course of the work, when knitting the section from 2 to f, the tension with which the yarn is fed to the circular machine is continually diminished at a rate considerably greater than the rate at which it was augmented when knitting the section a to e, with the effect that this section e to f has a conicity considerably greater than, and opposed to, that of section d to e. The size of the stitches increases accordingly.
Subsequently the heel portion 4 is obtained in the usual manner by reciprocating the knitting cylinder. During that Work, the feeding of rubber bearingyarn is preferably interrupted in the known manner and replaced by a feeding of unelastic yarn such as cotton, nylon; it is taken up again for knitting the foot portion 6. When knitting this foot portion 6, the feeding tension of the rubber bearing yarn is held constant for knitting the M s, 2,807,946 v r courses in the section g to h, but somewhat augmented when knitting the courses of the section h to i, with the effect that the size of the stitches decreases from that of stitches 8 to that of the stitches 9. Finally, the end portion 7 from i to k is knit in stitches usual for such end portions. i
It should be noted that the stitches of the foot portion 6 may be of another kind than those of the leg portionv 5 (e. g.: plain instead of purl), asis'usual in elastic stockings and in the common stockings. The invention is not concerned with the kind of stitches which might change at any place in any desired manner (though normally such change does not occur during the knitting of the leg portion 5 nor during the knitting of the foot portion 6 except the border 7).
It is obvious that the width of the stocking is proportional to the even size of the stitches, in the cylindrical sections a to b, c to d and g to h, and to the mean size of the'stitches constituting one particular course, in the sections b to c, d to e, e to f and h to i.
It is also obvious that if a fashion is to be obtained which is different to that shown'in the drawing-or if another surgical appliance, such as an ankle, knee or elbow brace is to be manufactured, the number and sequence of the sections and their conicity may be changed at will. A cylindrical section mightfor example be provided between the sections d to e and e to f, by holding the feeding tension of the rubber bearing yarn at the value to which it has been increased when knitting the course of stitches 3.
The sections referred to as conical sections may have a shape slightly different of that of a cone, since the rate at which the feeding tension is augmented or diminished during the knitting of such sections need not be constant.
What I claim is:
A method of producing a full fashioned seamless tubular surgical appliance upon a circular knitting machine characterized by having fine gage knitted stitches of rubber bearing yarn comprising the step of feeding with a tension a rubber bearing yarn in the formation of successively outer knit courses and varying the said tension on said yarn during the knitting of said courses to fashion said appliance, the feeding tension on said yarn being continually augmented during the knitting of consecutive courses for the purpose of producing a length of fabric the width of which decreases while the courses are knit, and the feeding tension on said yarn being continuously diminishing at another time during the knitting of consecutive courses for the purpose of producing a length of fabric the width of which increases While the courses are knit, whereby in the knitting of an elastic stocking areas of consecutive knitted courses progressing downwardly from the top of the stocking toward the heel and toe have conicity conforming to desired anatomic form and stitch sizes are minimum in areas of desired maximum restriction upon the anatomy, as at the ankle.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,217,225 Lawson et al. Oct. 8, 1940 2,251,533 Thurston et at. Aug. 5, 1941 2,300,808 Reed Nov. 3, 1942 2,555,974 Katterman June 5, 1951 2,672,139 Caspar Mar. 16, 1954 2,699,055 Katterman Jan. 11, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS 342,297 Great Britain Jan. 26, 1931
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH2807946X | 1953-06-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2807946A true US2807946A (en) | 1957-10-01 |
Family
ID=4571932
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US409466A Expired - Lifetime US2807946A (en) | 1953-06-04 | 1954-02-10 | Method of producing a seamless tubular surgical appliance |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2807946A (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3120049A (en) * | 1962-06-26 | 1964-02-04 | Richard C Spurgeon | Method of producing hose |
US3120051A (en) * | 1961-03-27 | 1964-02-04 | Spurgeon And Glendon E Roberts | Method of stocking production and stocking |
US3443404A (en) * | 1967-09-19 | 1969-05-13 | Kendall & Co | Circular-knit elastic foot garment with nonbinding instep |
JPS45165Y1 (en) * | 1966-02-22 | 1970-01-07 | ||
JPS451372Y1 (en) * | 1965-12-17 | 1970-01-21 | ||
US3763668A (en) * | 1971-10-29 | 1973-10-09 | Ithaca Textiles Inc | Method and construction for form fitting panty hose |
US3991424A (en) * | 1972-03-20 | 1976-11-16 | Ipos Gesellschaft Fur Integrierte Prothesenentwicklung Und Orthopadietechnischen Service M.B.H. & Co. K.G. | Compression sheath for below knee amputated limbs |
JPS531409U (en) * | 1976-06-22 | 1978-01-09 | ||
US4172456A (en) * | 1976-07-02 | 1979-10-30 | Zens Hosiery Mgf. Co., Inc. | Anti-embolism stocking |
US4527402A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1985-07-09 | Rampon Products, Inc. | Program-controlled knitting machine, method and products thereof |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB342297A (en) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
US2217225A (en) * | 1935-05-21 | 1940-10-08 | Hemphill Co | Feeding means for knitting machines |
US2251533A (en) * | 1939-10-05 | 1941-08-05 | Interwoven Stocking Co | Process of knitting |
US2300808A (en) * | 1942-11-03 | Device for use in knitting | ||
US2555974A (en) * | 1950-06-16 | 1951-06-05 | Swiss Knitting Company | Elastic foundation garment |
US2672139A (en) * | 1949-07-27 | 1954-03-16 | Pak Parachute Company Ltd | Elastic surgical stocking |
US2699055A (en) * | 1951-04-27 | 1955-01-11 | Swiss Knitting Company | Knit article having parts of different lengths |
-
1954
- 1954-02-10 US US409466A patent/US2807946A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB342297A (en) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
US2300808A (en) * | 1942-11-03 | Device for use in knitting | ||
US2217225A (en) * | 1935-05-21 | 1940-10-08 | Hemphill Co | Feeding means for knitting machines |
US2251533A (en) * | 1939-10-05 | 1941-08-05 | Interwoven Stocking Co | Process of knitting |
US2672139A (en) * | 1949-07-27 | 1954-03-16 | Pak Parachute Company Ltd | Elastic surgical stocking |
US2555974A (en) * | 1950-06-16 | 1951-06-05 | Swiss Knitting Company | Elastic foundation garment |
US2699055A (en) * | 1951-04-27 | 1955-01-11 | Swiss Knitting Company | Knit article having parts of different lengths |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3120051A (en) * | 1961-03-27 | 1964-02-04 | Spurgeon And Glendon E Roberts | Method of stocking production and stocking |
US3120049A (en) * | 1962-06-26 | 1964-02-04 | Richard C Spurgeon | Method of producing hose |
JPS451372Y1 (en) * | 1965-12-17 | 1970-01-21 | ||
JPS45165Y1 (en) * | 1966-02-22 | 1970-01-07 | ||
US3443404A (en) * | 1967-09-19 | 1969-05-13 | Kendall & Co | Circular-knit elastic foot garment with nonbinding instep |
US3763668A (en) * | 1971-10-29 | 1973-10-09 | Ithaca Textiles Inc | Method and construction for form fitting panty hose |
US3991424A (en) * | 1972-03-20 | 1976-11-16 | Ipos Gesellschaft Fur Integrierte Prothesenentwicklung Und Orthopadietechnischen Service M.B.H. & Co. K.G. | Compression sheath for below knee amputated limbs |
JPS531409U (en) * | 1976-06-22 | 1978-01-09 | ||
US4172456A (en) * | 1976-07-02 | 1979-10-30 | Zens Hosiery Mgf. Co., Inc. | Anti-embolism stocking |
US4527402A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1985-07-09 | Rampon Products, Inc. | Program-controlled knitting machine, method and products thereof |
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