US2797394A - Electrical conductor having composite central dielectric member - Google Patents

Electrical conductor having composite central dielectric member Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2797394A
US2797394A US279809A US27980952A US2797394A US 2797394 A US2797394 A US 2797394A US 279809 A US279809 A US 279809A US 27980952 A US27980952 A US 27980952A US 2797394 A US2797394 A US 2797394A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
conductor
dielectric
conductors
composite
dielectric constant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US279809A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Albert M Clogston
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL88813D priority Critical patent/NL88813C/xx
Priority to BE507158D priority patent/BE507158A/xx
Priority claimed from US214393A external-priority patent/US2769148A/en
Priority to FR1044742D priority patent/FR1044742A/fr
Priority to DEW5969A priority patent/DE875054C/de
Priority to CH315475D priority patent/CH315475A/de
Priority to GB5363/52A priority patent/GB715359A/en
Application filed by Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc filed Critical Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority to US279809A priority patent/US2797394A/en
Priority to US283272A priority patent/US2797392A/en
Priority to US283548A priority patent/US2797393A/en
Publication of US2797394A publication Critical patent/US2797394A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
    • B01J39/02—Processes using inorganic exchangers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
    • C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/465—Coatings containing composite materials
    • C03C25/475—Coatings containing composite materials containing colouring agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/60—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags by diffusing ions or metals into the surface
    • C03C25/601—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags by diffusing ions or metals into the surface in the liquid phase, e.g. using solutions or molten salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/66—Chemical treatment, e.g. leaching, acid or alkali treatment
    • C03C25/68—Chemical treatment, e.g. leaching, acid or alkali treatment by etching
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/0076—Dyeing with mineral dye
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/08—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances quartz; glass; glass wool; slag wool; vitreous enamels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/30—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for reducing conductor losses when carrying alternating current, e.g. due to skin effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
    • H01J9/04—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of thermionic cathodes
    • H01J9/06—Machines therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/18—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type built-up from several layers to increase operating surface, i.e. alternately conductive and dielectric layers

Definitions

  • DIELECTRIC CONSTANT E or lNSULAT/NG uEo/uu BETWEEN INNER AND 011m? CONDUCTORS naa zo I r F INVENTOR .A. M. CL OGSTON SOURCE OR UT/L/ZAT/CW DEV/CE s. 5: -47 ATTORNEY fnited States Patent fitice 2,797,394 .Eatented June 25, 1957 ELECTRICAL CONDUCTOR: HAVING COMPOSITE CENTRAL'DIELECTRIC MEMBER Albert'M. Clogston, Morris Plains, NJL, assignor to 'Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated, New "York, N.
  • the current-density may be negligible at the other surfaceof each conductor.
  • the electromagnetic field between the two conductors penetrates into the conductors with a field intensity decreasing with distance.
  • *Thusthe current density (or field) in each conductor. is associated with a'power loss that is a function of the distribution'of I current density (or field) across the thickness ofithe conductor.
  • one or both of theconductors is formed of a multiplicity of thin metal laminationsv insulated from 'one 'another by layers of insulating material, the smallest dimension of the laminations beingin the direction perpendicular-"to both the direction of wave propagation and'themagne'tic vector.
  • Each metal lamination is many'times (for example 10, 100 or even 1000 times) smaller thanthe factor 6 which is called one skin thickness or one -sk-in depth.
  • the distance 6 is given by the expression Z where-8 is expressed in meters, 1 is the frequency in'cycles per second, ,u.
  • w is the thickness of one of the metal laminae in meters
  • the main dielectric member preferably is of a dielectric of the proper'dielectric'constant to give optimum velocity of propagation: and which completely fills the space between thertwo coaxially arranged conductors.
  • The'present invention inone of its more im- -portant aspects,-relates to a structure of the composite sconductor'type in which the intermediate or main dielec- -:tric:member'does not take up all the space between the of ⁇ oneor more :hollow dielectric cylinders surrounding coaxial conductors.
  • Fig. 1 is an end View of a coaxial transmission line in accordance with the invention, the inner conductor of the .ilinencomprising a multiplicitybfmetal laminations insu- :lated from one another and the inner and outer conductorsbeing separated by a composite dielectric. member;
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view-of a section of cable ofthe type shown in Fig. l;
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a modification of the conductor of Figs. 1 and 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a graph of attenuation vs. dielectric constant of the insulating medium between the inner and outer conductors of (A) a coaxial cable of the type shown in Fig. l and (B) a coaxial cable of a conventional type;
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a method of terminating coaxial cables of the types shown in Figs. 2 and 3 where each of these cables has a metallic core;
  • Fig. 6 shows a method of terminating the same types of coaxial cables in the cases where the inner core is of dielectric material.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show, by way of example, a conductor 10 in accordance with the invention, Fig. 1 being an end view and Fig. 2 being a longitudinal view.
  • the conductor 10 comprises a central core 11 (which may be either of metal or dielectric material but which by way of example has been shown as of metal), an inner composite conductor or stack 12 formed of many laminations of conducting material 13 spaced by laminations of insulating material 14, and an outer conductor 15 separated from the inner conductor 12 by a composite intermediate dielectric member 16.
  • the dielectric member 16 comprises an inner dielectric cylinder 17 and a plurality of dielectric spacers 18 between the members 17 and 15.
  • each of the conducting layers 13 is made thin compared to its appropriate skin depth (6).
  • the insulating layers 14 are also preferably but not necessarily of comparable thinness with the conducting layers. Examples of satisfactory materials are: conductors-copper, silver and aluminum; insulators-polyethylene, polystyrene, quartz and polyfoam.
  • the inner conductor 12 has 10 or 100 or more conducting layers 13 while the outer conductor 15 in the embodiment of Fig. 2 is a solid cylinder. Since there are a large number of insulating and conducting layers in the stack 12, it makes no diflierence whether the first or last layers of the stack is of conducting or of insulating material.
  • the improvement forming the present invention is based on the novel construction of the intermediate dielectric member 16. Since dielectric members 17 and 18 take up only part of the annular space between the stack 12 and the conductor 15, a material can be used which has a higher dielectric constant than that used in the composite conductor employing a main dielectric member completely filling the space between the two coaxial conductors and still have an over-all dielectric constant for the entire annular space which is of the proper value to produce a velocity of propagation which matches that in the stack and thus satisfy the so-called Clogston condition represented by Equation 2 given above.
  • the cylinder 17 and the discs 18 can be of a material which has a relatively high dielectric constant and'still have an average dielectric constant which can be'varied between values of one and over three, as shown in the curves in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 4 compares the attenuation of a selected length of a line of the type shown in Fig. 2 (curve A) with that of a conventional line (curve B) having a solid inner conductor of the same diameter, as the dielectric constant of the insulating material between the inner and outer conductors is varied by changing the number and spacing of the discs 18.
  • the attenuation of the conductor 10 is seen to reach a minimum at 2:; where 2 has the value given by the following equation 7 2:5
  • This minimum value of attenuation at: is much less than that of the conventional coaxial conductor. Even for values of e appreciably difierent than I (as shown in Fig. 4), the conductor 10 has advantages over the conventional coaxial cable.
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal view of another embodiment of the invention.
  • a stack 21 replaces the outer solid cylinder 15 of the arrangement of Fig. 2.
  • This stack can be similar to the stack 12 and be made up of multiplicity of alternately arranged insulating and conducting laminae 22 and 23, respectively.
  • the inner core 24 can be either of metal or of dielectric material but, by way of example, it is being shown as a dielectric member. While one dielectric cylinder may be used surrounding the inner stack 12 (corresponding to the cylinder 17 of Fig. 2), the arrangement of Fig. 3 comprises two dielectric cylinders 25 and 26 between which are placed the dielectric spacers 18. Obviously any number of dielectric cylinders in the intermediate space between the stacks 12 and 21 can be used.
  • a shield 27 of any suitable metal surrounds the outer stack 21.
  • the members 25, 26 and 18 are chosen and spaced so that the over-all dielectric constant within the entire inner space between the stacks 12 and 21 has the value represented by Equation 3 above.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show forms of terminations used with the conductor structures shown in Figs. 2 and 3.
  • this condition is not a critical one.
  • a cable such as cable 10 of Fig. 2 (or a cable 20 of Fig. 3 with an inner core of metal) has its end positioned against an end of cable 30 of the coaxial type having an outer conductor 31 and an inner conductor 32, the space between the conductors for a short interval being filled with dielectric material 33.
  • the outside diameter of the cable 30 is chosen to be substantially the same as that of the cable 10 so that the conductor 15 butts against and is connected to the outer conductor 31 and the core 11 butts against and is connected to the inner conductor 32.
  • Fig. 6 shows a connection between a conductor 20 of the type shown in Fig. 3 (or a conductor 10 of Fig. 2 with an inner core of non-metallic material) and a terminating cable 40.
  • the outer conductor 41 butts against and is connected to the outer sheath 27 of the cable 20 while the inner conductor 42 of the conductor 40 butts against the dielectric core 24 of the cable 20.
  • Dielectric material 43 is placed between the conductors 41 and 42 for a short distance. Since the dielectric core is not of metallic material, the end of the inner conductor 42 flares out so that it contacts at least the inner one of the metal laminations 13 of the stack 12.
  • the inner conductor 42 can have a diameter large enough to contact at least the inner one of the metal laminations 13, in which case a flared end is not necessary.
  • the dielectric members 33 and 43 are chosen so that in each case it has approximately the same dielectric constant as that of the composite dielectric member in the composite conductor 10 or 20 to which it is connected.
  • a medium for the transmission of high frequency electromagnetic waves comprising two coaxially arranged conductors spaced apart, at least one of said conductors comprising a stack of concentric thinwalled conducting cylinders separated by layers of insulation, the space between said conductors having a plurality of spaced dielectric members, the dielectric members having a dielectric constant and being spaced in a manner such that the average dielectric constant e of the space between the two conductors is given substantially by the following equation where 2 is the dielectric constant of the insulating layers, t is the thickness of an insulating layer, and w is the thickness of one of said conducting cylinders.
  • a medium for the transmission of high frequency electromagnetic waves comprising two coaxially arranged conductors spaced apart, at least one of said conductors comprising a stack of concentric thinwalled conducting cylinders separated by layers of insulation, the space between said conductors having a plurality of spaced dielectric members, the dielectric members having a dielectric constant and being spaced in a manner such that the average dielectric constant e of the space between the two conductors is given substantially by the following equation where e is the dielectric constant of the insulating layers, 2 is the thickness of an insulating layer, and w is the thickness of one of said conducting cylinders, and means for applying an electromagnetic wave to said transmission medium.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
US279809A 1951-03-07 1952-04-01 Electrical conductor having composite central dielectric member Expired - Lifetime US2797394A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL88813D NL88813C (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png) 1951-03-07
BE507158D BE507158A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png) 1951-03-07
FR1044742D FR1044742A (fr) 1951-03-07 1951-05-31 Conducteurs électriques composites
DEW5969A DE875054C (de) 1951-03-07 1951-06-06 Elektrischer Leiter
CH315475D CH315475A (de) 1951-03-07 1951-09-28 Elektrische Leiteranordnung
GB5363/52A GB715359A (en) 1951-03-07 1952-02-29 Improvements in or relating to electrical conductors
US279809A US2797394A (en) 1951-03-07 1952-04-01 Electrical conductor having composite central dielectric member
US283272A US2797392A (en) 1951-03-07 1952-04-21 Electrical conductor comprising multiplicity of insulated filaments
US283548A US2797393A (en) 1951-03-07 1952-04-22 Composite wave guide

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US214393A US2769148A (en) 1951-03-07 1951-03-07 Electrical conductors
US279809A US2797394A (en) 1951-03-07 1952-04-01 Electrical conductor having composite central dielectric member
US283272A US2797392A (en) 1951-03-07 1952-04-21 Electrical conductor comprising multiplicity of insulated filaments
US283548A US2797393A (en) 1951-03-07 1952-04-22 Composite wave guide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2797394A true US2797394A (en) 1957-06-25

Family

ID=27498969

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US279809A Expired - Lifetime US2797394A (en) 1951-03-07 1952-04-01 Electrical conductor having composite central dielectric member
US283272A Expired - Lifetime US2797392A (en) 1951-03-07 1952-04-21 Electrical conductor comprising multiplicity of insulated filaments
US283548A Expired - Lifetime US2797393A (en) 1951-03-07 1952-04-22 Composite wave guide

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US283272A Expired - Lifetime US2797392A (en) 1951-03-07 1952-04-21 Electrical conductor comprising multiplicity of insulated filaments
US283548A Expired - Lifetime US2797393A (en) 1951-03-07 1952-04-22 Composite wave guide

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (3) US2797394A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
BE (1) BE507158A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
CH (1) CH315475A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
DE (1) DE875054C (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
FR (1) FR1044742A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
GB (1) GB715359A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
NL (1) NL88813C (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3003020A (en) * 1958-12-19 1961-10-03 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Joining assembly for wave guide sections or the like

Families Citing this family (51)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1030905B (de) * 1952-09-20 1958-05-29 Siemens Ag Hochfrequenzschichtenleiter mit koaxialem Aufbau, bei welchem der innere und aeussere Leiterteil aus abwechselnd uebereinander angeordneten duennen Metall- und Isolierstoffschichten besteht und beide Leiterteile durch eine verhaeltnismaessig dicke Isolierschicht voneinander getrennt sind
US2849693A (en) * 1954-07-29 1958-08-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Composite conductor
US2822524A (en) * 1954-10-25 1958-02-04 Sanders Associates Inc Wave guide
DE1053056B (de) * 1955-01-27 1959-03-19 Siemens Ag Geschichtete koaxiale Leitung
DE1105017B (de) * 1956-02-09 1961-04-20 Siemens Ag Biegsame und tordierbare Anordnung von einem oder mehreren Leitern zur Fuehrung hochfrequenter elektromagnetischer Wellen
DE1093446B (de) * 1956-12-26 1960-11-24 Western Electric Co Zusammengesetzter Hochfrequenzleiter mit vermindertem Hauteffekt
US3610809A (en) * 1969-11-10 1971-10-05 Union Carbide Corp Porous vapor-cooled electrical conductors
US3715452A (en) * 1972-01-21 1973-02-06 Union Carbide Corp Porous fluid cooled electrical conductors
US3878485A (en) * 1972-06-15 1975-04-15 Sits Soc It Telecom Siemens Transmission line for TDM communication system
DE2547806A1 (de) * 1975-10-25 1977-05-05 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Elektrisches kabel
JPS5823106A (ja) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-10 株式会社日立製作所 巻線用電線及びこれを用いたコイル
GB8426246D0 (en) * 1984-10-17 1984-11-21 British Gas Corp Microwave reflection survey equipment
DE4208250A1 (de) 1992-03-14 1993-09-16 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Induktive kochstellenbeheizung
DE69428801T2 (de) * 1993-08-27 2002-06-27 Murata Manufacturing Co Dünnfilm mehrschichtelektrode zur kopplung von hochfrequenten elektromagnetischen feldern
US5574260B1 (en) * 1995-03-06 2000-01-18 Gore & Ass Composite conductor having improved high frequency signal transmission characteristics
JPH09199911A (ja) * 1996-01-23 1997-07-31 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 薄膜多層電極、高周波共振器及び高周波伝送線路
US5847323A (en) * 1996-04-02 1998-12-08 The Regents Of The University Of California Office Of Technology Transfer High conductance surge cable
JP2001196817A (ja) * 1999-11-05 2001-07-19 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 誘電体共振器、誘電体フィルタ、誘電体デュプレクサおよび通信装置
DE102005056602B4 (de) * 2005-11-28 2008-10-02 Siemens Ag Resonator für Magnetresonanzanwendungen
US9306358B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2016-04-05 Nucurrent, Inc. Method for manufacture of multi-layer wire structure for high efficiency wireless communication
US9439287B2 (en) * 2009-03-09 2016-09-06 Nucurrent, Inc. Multi-layer wire structure for high efficiency wireless communication
US9300046B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2016-03-29 Nucurrent, Inc. Method for manufacture of multi-layer-multi-turn high efficiency inductors
US11476566B2 (en) * 2009-03-09 2022-10-18 Nucurrent, Inc. Multi-layer-multi-turn structure for high efficiency wireless communication
US9731603B2 (en) * 2012-04-19 2017-08-15 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Electric and hybrid vehicle high current conductor
US20140262499A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Boulder Wind Power, Inc. Methods and apparatus for optimizing electrically inoperative zones on laminated composite assemblies
US9793775B2 (en) 2013-12-31 2017-10-17 Boulder Wind Power, Inc. Methods and apparatus for reducing machine winding circulating current losses
US10938087B2 (en) * 2015-01-30 2021-03-02 Agency For Science, Technology And Research Antenna structure for a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader, method of manufacturing thereof, RFID reader and RFID system
US9960629B2 (en) 2015-08-07 2018-05-01 Nucurrent, Inc. Method of operating a single structure multi mode antenna for wireless power transmission using magnetic field coupling
US9948129B2 (en) 2015-08-07 2018-04-17 Nucurrent, Inc. Single structure multi mode antenna for wireless power transmission using magnetic field coupling having an internal switch circuit
US11205848B2 (en) 2015-08-07 2021-12-21 Nucurrent, Inc. Method of providing a single structure multi mode antenna having a unitary body construction for wireless power transmission using magnetic field coupling
US10636563B2 (en) 2015-08-07 2020-04-28 Nucurrent, Inc. Method of fabricating a single structure multi mode antenna for wireless power transmission using magnetic field coupling
US9941590B2 (en) 2015-08-07 2018-04-10 Nucurrent, Inc. Single structure multi mode antenna for wireless power transmission using magnetic field coupling having magnetic shielding
US9941729B2 (en) 2015-08-07 2018-04-10 Nucurrent, Inc. Single layer multi mode antenna for wireless power transmission using magnetic field coupling
US10658847B2 (en) 2015-08-07 2020-05-19 Nucurrent, Inc. Method of providing a single structure multi mode antenna for wireless power transmission using magnetic field coupling
US9960628B2 (en) 2015-08-07 2018-05-01 Nucurrent, Inc. Single structure multi mode antenna having a single layer structure with coils on opposing sides for wireless power transmission using magnetic field coupling
US9941743B2 (en) 2015-08-07 2018-04-10 Nucurrent, Inc. Single structure multi mode antenna having a unitary body construction for wireless power transmission using magnetic field coupling
US10063100B2 (en) 2015-08-07 2018-08-28 Nucurrent, Inc. Electrical system incorporating a single structure multimode antenna for wireless power transmission using magnetic field coupling
WO2017031348A1 (en) 2015-08-19 2017-02-23 Nucurrent, Inc. Multi-mode wireless antenna configurations
CN113937901A (zh) 2016-08-26 2022-01-14 纽卡润特有限公司 无线连接器系统
US10432031B2 (en) 2016-12-09 2019-10-01 Nucurrent, Inc. Antenna having a substrate configured to facilitate through-metal energy transfer via near field magnetic coupling
US10903688B2 (en) 2017-02-13 2021-01-26 Nucurrent, Inc. Wireless electrical energy transmission system with repeater
US11283295B2 (en) 2017-05-26 2022-03-22 Nucurrent, Inc. Device orientation independent wireless transmission system
US11227712B2 (en) 2019-07-19 2022-01-18 Nucurrent, Inc. Preemptive thermal mitigation for wireless power systems
US11271430B2 (en) 2019-07-19 2022-03-08 Nucurrent, Inc. Wireless power transfer system with extended wireless charging range
US11056922B1 (en) 2020-01-03 2021-07-06 Nucurrent, Inc. Wireless power transfer system for simultaneous transfer to multiple devices
US11283303B2 (en) 2020-07-24 2022-03-22 Nucurrent, Inc. Area-apportioned wireless power antenna for maximized charging volume
US11876386B2 (en) 2020-12-22 2024-01-16 Nucurrent, Inc. Detection of foreign objects in large charging volume applications
US11881716B2 (en) 2020-12-22 2024-01-23 Nucurrent, Inc. Ruggedized communication for wireless power systems in multi-device environments
US11695302B2 (en) 2021-02-01 2023-07-04 Nucurrent, Inc. Segmented shielding for wide area wireless power transmitter
US12003116B2 (en) 2022-03-01 2024-06-04 Nucurrent, Inc. Wireless power transfer system for simultaneous transfer to multiple devices with cross talk and interference mitigation
US11831174B2 (en) 2022-03-01 2023-11-28 Nucurrent, Inc. Cross talk and interference mitigation in dual wireless power transmitter

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1701278A (en) * 1923-06-30 1929-02-05 Silbermann Salman High-tension cable
US1976804A (en) * 1931-04-06 1934-10-16 Rca Corp Transmission cable
DE624008C (de) * 1933-07-06 1936-01-09 Siemens & Halske Akt Ges Aus zwei oder mehreren uebereinander angeordneten konzentrischen Doppelleitungen bestehendes Hochfrequenzkabel
US2191995A (en) * 1935-08-19 1940-02-27 Int Standard Electric Corp High tension electric cable
US2508479A (en) * 1944-11-16 1950-05-23 Hazeltine Research Inc High-frequency electromagneticwave translating arrangement
US2599857A (en) * 1946-01-18 1952-06-10 Telegraph Constr & Main Co Method of manufacture of insulation for coaxial cables

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1039717A (en) * 1911-01-07 1912-10-01 Nat Electric Signaling Company High-frequency electrical conductor.
US2008286A (en) * 1931-10-05 1935-07-16 Telefunken Gmbh Circuit connection for ultra short waves
US1996186A (en) * 1932-10-05 1935-04-02 American Telephone & Telegraph Transmission line conductor
US2231602A (en) * 1937-03-20 1941-02-11 American Telephone & Telegraph Multiplex high frequency signaling
US2433181A (en) * 1945-05-16 1947-12-23 Westinghouse Electric Corp Ignitron
US2676309A (en) * 1950-04-05 1954-04-20 William J Armstrong High-frequency power transmission line for cyclotrons and the like

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1701278A (en) * 1923-06-30 1929-02-05 Silbermann Salman High-tension cable
US1976804A (en) * 1931-04-06 1934-10-16 Rca Corp Transmission cable
DE624008C (de) * 1933-07-06 1936-01-09 Siemens & Halske Akt Ges Aus zwei oder mehreren uebereinander angeordneten konzentrischen Doppelleitungen bestehendes Hochfrequenzkabel
US2191995A (en) * 1935-08-19 1940-02-27 Int Standard Electric Corp High tension electric cable
US2508479A (en) * 1944-11-16 1950-05-23 Hazeltine Research Inc High-frequency electromagneticwave translating arrangement
US2599857A (en) * 1946-01-18 1952-06-10 Telegraph Constr & Main Co Method of manufacture of insulation for coaxial cables

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3003020A (en) * 1958-12-19 1961-10-03 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Joining assembly for wave guide sections or the like

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US2797393A (en) 1957-06-25
NL88813C (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
GB715359A (en) 1954-09-15
FR1044742A (fr) 1953-11-20
BE507158A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
DE875054C (de) 1953-04-30
CH315475A (de) 1956-08-15
US2797392A (en) 1957-06-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2797394A (en) Electrical conductor having composite central dielectric member
US2769148A (en) Electrical conductors
US2769147A (en) Wave propagation in composite conductors
US2796463A (en) Composite conductors
US2812502A (en) Transposed coaxial conductor system
US3845426A (en) Dipole mode electromagnetic waveguides
US2207845A (en) Propagation of waves in a wave guide
US2543721A (en) High-frequency electrical transmission line and wave guide
GB650425A (en) Improvements in or relating to concentric conductor electric cables
US2557180A (en) Apparatus for coupling ultra high frequency systems
US2782251A (en) Cables for high frequency use
US2848695A (en) Electromagnetic wave transmission
US2777896A (en) Magnetically loaded composite conductors
US2915718A (en) Microwave transmission lines
US2769149A (en) Spirally wound composite electrical conductor
US2825760A (en) Magnetically loaded electrical conductors
GB890801A (en) Improvements in or relating to high frequency electro-magnetic wave energy transmission lines
US2852752A (en) Coupling means
US2210636A (en) Guided wave transmission
US2769150A (en) Laminated conductor
US2034047A (en) Coaxial circuit with stranded inner conductor
US2769170A (en) Composite antenna structure
US3601720A (en) Helical waveguide with varied wall impedance zones
US2779925A (en) Composite coaxial resonator
US2825759A (en) Magnetically loaded anisotropic transmitting medium