US2792201A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US2792201A
US2792201A US450962A US45096254A US2792201A US 2792201 A US2792201 A US 2792201A US 450962 A US450962 A US 450962A US 45096254 A US45096254 A US 45096254A US 2792201 A US2792201 A US 2792201A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
return bends
refrigerant
tubing
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US450962A
Inventor
Jr Charles C Whistler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motors Liquidation Co
Original Assignee
Motors Liquidation Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motors Liquidation Co filed Critical Motors Liquidation Co
Priority to US450962A priority Critical patent/US2792201A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2792201A publication Critical patent/US2792201A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/454—Heat exchange having side-by-side conduits structure or conduit section
    • Y10S165/471—Plural parallel conduits joined by manifold
    • Y10S165/48—Elongated support members extending between spaced manifolds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
    • Y10T29/49378—Finned tube
    • Y10T29/4938—Common fin traverses plurality of tubes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49915—Overedge assembling of seated part
    • Y10T29/49922—Overedge assembling of seated part by bending over projecting prongs

Definitions

  • This invention relates to al refrigerating apparatus and more particularly to a refrigerant condenser.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide a condenser which is small and compact but which does not unduly restrict the ilow of refrigerant through the refrigerant passages.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved return bend and frame construction for use in a multiple passage refrigerant condenser.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical elevational view showing a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view with parts broken away
  • Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially on line 3 3 of Figure l;
  • Figure 4 is a fragmentary elevational view showing the arrangement of the tubes at the point where they enter the header.
  • Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially on line 5 5 of Figure 4.
  • reference numeral designates a first set of live parallel tubes arranged in side-by-side relationship and which have been bent into serpentine shape so as to convey refrigerant to be condensed from an inlet header 12 to an outlet nited States Patent O 2,792,201 Patented May 14, 1957 header 14.
  • Reference numeral 16 designates a somewhat similar set of tive parallel tubes also located in sideby-side relationship and which likewise serve to convey refrigerant to be condensed from the inlet header 12 to the outlet header 14.
  • the arrangement is such that refrigerant ows through all ten tubes in parallel whereby the restriction to the flow of refrigerant through the condenser is very small in comparison to the size of the tubing used in making the condenser.
  • the novel arrangement of the return bends of the two Sets of tubes 10 ⁇ and 16 makes it possible to arrange the two sets of tubes in parallel and to form the return bends integral with the straight portions of the tubes. It will be noted that at each returnrbend the one set of tubes is provided with a relatively sharp bend whereas the other is provided with relatively wide bends. Corrugated fin elements 18 are disposed between the adjacent straight portions of the sets of tubes 10 and 16 so as to facilitate the transfer of heat between air circulated over the condenser and the refrigerant flowing through the internal refrigerant passages formed by the sets of tubes 10 and 16. It will also be noted that the straight portions of the tubes are spaced from one another but that the tubes 10 contact the tubes 16 at each of the return bends.
  • Stamped sheet metal frame members 20 and 22 are constructed and arranged as shown and serve to hold the adjacent tube sections in proper assembled relationship with one another prior to the brazing operation which serves to braze the tubes, the fins and the headers into a single unitary device. and 22 are U-shaped in cross section and are provided with inturned ears 24 at the return bends which help to hold the frame members in proper assembled relationship relative to the return ben-ds of the tubes.
  • each of the brackets include an integral projecting arm 30 in contact with the adjacent header.
  • a iirst set of parallel tubes located in side-by-side relationship, a second set of parallel tubes located in side-by-side relationship, header means for connecting the respective ends of said tubes, said tubes being arranged in a serpentine shape with the one set of tubes arranged in parallel spaced relationship to the other set of tubes throughout the straight portions of said sets of tubes, corrugated lin means interposed between said adjacent straight portions of said sets of tubes, said straight portions being connected by return bends, said lirst set of tubes being ice,
  • the frame members 20 ⁇ arranged to contact aid second set of tubes at each of the return bends, and stamped sheet metal channel members engaging opposite sides of said sets of tubes at said return bends, said channel members having integrally formed ears projecting int'o said return bends to hold said set of tubes in contact with one another at said return bends.
  • a plurality of sets of parallel tubes in which the tubes in each set are located in side-by-side relationship, header means for connecting the ends of said tubes, said tubes being bent into serpentine shape with the straight portions of one set of tubes arranged in parallel spaced relationship to the straight portion of another set of tubes, individual strips of corrugated tins interposed between a-djacent straight portions of said sets of tubes, said straight portions being connected by return bends, the return bends of one set of tubes being arranged to contact with the return bends of another set of tubes at each return bend, end brackets contacting said return bends, said end brackets being substantially U-shaped in cross section with the arms of the U contacting opposite sides of said set of tubes so as to hold the tubes in each of said sets in contact with the tubes in each set, integral tongues provided on said arms and projecting into the bight of the return bends so as to hold said brackets in assembled relationship relative to said return bends.

Description

May 14f, 1957 c. c. wHlsTLER, JR 2,792,201
HEAT EXCHANGER 2 Sheets-Sheva?l l Filed Aug. 19, 1954 A L n INVENToR. Char/es C, Whisf/er Jr.
His Aforney May 14, 1957 c. c. wHlsTLER, JR 2,792,201
HEAT EXCHANGER Filed Aug. 19, 1954 '2 sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR. Char/es C. Whistler Jr.
His Attorney 27,792,201 HEAT EXCHANGER Charles C. Whistler, Jr., Dayton, Ohio, assignor to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Application August 19, 1954, Serial No. 450,962
2 Claims. (Cl. 257-255) This invention relates to al refrigerating apparatus and more particularly to a refrigerant condenser.
It has generally been considered desirable to use ilat tubing in the manufacture of condensers and the like but fiat tubing cannot withstand high internal pressures due to the tendency of the flat walls to bulge outwardly at higher pressures. To overcome this bulging tendency it has been customary to form the tubing with corrugated strips within the flat tubing and to braze the corrugated strips to the walls of the tubing. This arrangement not only increases the cost of the tubing but also makes it impractical to bend the tubing due to the presence of the internal corrugated strip. This then makes it necessary to cut the lat tubing into short lengths and to attach special return bends at the ends of the tubing thereby further increasing the cost and running the risk of introducing dangerous leaks. It is an object of this invention to obtain the advantages of fiat walled condenser tubing by placing several small round tubes in side-byside relationship. With such an arrangement the return bends can be made integral with the straight sections.
It is another object of this invention to 'provide a rugged and efficient condenser which may be manufactured with a minimum of tooling costs.
Still another object of this invention is to provide a condenser which is small and compact but which does not unduly restrict the ilow of refrigerant through the refrigerant passages.
More particularly it is an object of this invention to provide a refrigerant condenser having a plurality of passages which are connected in parallel in a novel mannel'.
Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved return bend and frame construction for use in a multiple passage refrigerant condenser.
Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,
wherein a preferred form of the present invention is clearly shown.
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a vertical elevational view showing a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Figure 2 is a plan view with parts broken away;
Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially on line 3 3 of Figure l;
Figure 4 is a fragmentary elevational view showing the arrangement of the tubes at the point where they enter the header; and,
Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially on line 5 5 of Figure 4.
Referring now to the drawings wherein a preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown, reference numeral designates a first set of live parallel tubes arranged in side-by-side relationship and which have been bent into serpentine shape so as to convey refrigerant to be condensed from an inlet header 12 to an outlet nited States Patent O 2,792,201 Patented May 14, 1957 header 14. Reference numeral 16 designates a somewhat similar set of tive parallel tubes also located in sideby-side relationship and which likewise serve to convey refrigerant to be condensed from the inlet header 12 to the outlet header 14. The arrangement is such that refrigerant ows through all ten tubes in parallel whereby the restriction to the flow of refrigerant through the condenser is very small in comparison to the size of the tubing used in making the condenser.
The novel arrangement of the return bends of the two Sets of tubes 10` and 16 makes it possible to arrange the two sets of tubes in parallel and to form the return bends integral with the straight portions of the tubes. It will be noted that at each returnrbend the one set of tubes is provided with a relatively sharp bend whereas the other is provided with relatively wide bends. Corrugated fin elements 18 are disposed between the adjacent straight portions of the sets of tubes 10 and 16 so as to facilitate the transfer of heat between air circulated over the condenser and the refrigerant flowing through the internal refrigerant passages formed by the sets of tubes 10 and 16. It will also be noted that the straight portions of the tubes are spaced from one another but that the tubes 10 contact the tubes 16 at each of the return bends.
Stamped sheet metal frame members 20 and 22 are constructed and arranged as shown and serve to hold the adjacent tube sections in proper assembled relationship with one another prior to the brazing operation which serves to braze the tubes, the fins and the headers into a single unitary device. and 22 are U-shaped in cross section and are provided with inturned ears 24 at the return bends which help to hold the frame members in proper assembled relationship relative to the return ben-ds of the tubes.
As best shown in Figures 4 and 5 of the drawings there are ten individual tubes connected to each of the 'headers and in order to prevent undue weakening of the header at the point where these ten tubes enter the header, the points of entry for the tubes are arranged in staggered relationship as shown. By virtue of this construction, it is possible to drill holes into the header wall without having the holes contact one another. The headers 12 and 14 cooperate with the brackets 20 and 22 to hold the individual tubes in proper assembled relationship prior to the brazing operation. Each of the brackets include an integral projecting arm 30 in contact with the adjacent header.
While the construction described hereinabove was developed for use as a refrigerant condenser in an automobile air conditioning system wherein it is desirable to use a relatively thin condenser of light-weight construction, it is obvious that certain aspects of the invention are equally applicable to refrigerant evaporators, oil coolers and any other type of heat exchanger.
While the form of embodiment of the invention as herein disclosed constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, as may come within the scope of the claims which follow.
What is claimed is as follows:
1. In a heat exchange device, a iirst set of parallel tubes located in side-by-side relationship, a second set of parallel tubes located in side-by-side relationship, header means for connecting the respective ends of said tubes, said tubes being arranged in a serpentine shape with the one set of tubes arranged in parallel spaced relationship to the other set of tubes throughout the straight portions of said sets of tubes, corrugated lin means interposed between said adjacent straight portions of said sets of tubes, said straight portions being connected by return bends, said lirst set of tubes being ice,
The frame members 20` arranged to contact aid second set of tubes at each of the return bends, and stamped sheet metal channel members engaging opposite sides of said sets of tubes at said return bends, said channel members having integrally formed ears projecting int'o said return bends to hold said set of tubes in contact with one another at said return bends.
2. In a heat exchange device, a plurality of sets of parallel tubes in which the tubes in each set are located in side-by-side relationship, header means for connecting the ends of said tubes, said tubes being bent into serpentine shape with the straight portions of one set of tubes arranged in parallel spaced relationship to the straight portion of another set of tubes, individual strips of corrugated tins interposed between a-djacent straight portions of said sets of tubes, said straight portions being connected by return bends, the return bends of one set of tubes being arranged to contact with the return bends of another set of tubes at each return bend, end brackets contacting said return bends, said end brackets being substantially U-shaped in cross section with the arms of the U contacting opposite sides of said set of tubes so as to hold the tubes in each of said sets in contact with the tubes in each set, integral tongues provided on said arms and projecting into the bight of the return bends so as to hold said brackets in assembled relationship relative to said return bends.
References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS
US450962A 1954-08-19 1954-08-19 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime US2792201A (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3333317A (en) * 1964-03-12 1967-08-01 Reynolds Metals Co Method for making a heat exchanger means
US4344482A (en) * 1979-12-29 1982-08-17 Suddeutsche Kuhlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Multiple flow condenser for air conditioning units of motor vehicles
US4615383A (en) * 1984-05-01 1986-10-07 Sanden Corporation Serpentine heat exchanging apparatus having corrugated fin units
US4881312A (en) * 1988-07-22 1989-11-21 General Motors Corporation Method for manufacturing a fitting for a heat exchanger
US4901791A (en) * 1988-07-25 1990-02-20 General Motors Corporation Condenser having plural unequal flow paths
US5209290A (en) * 1991-05-10 1993-05-11 Sanden Corporation Heat exchanger
US5224537A (en) * 1991-02-26 1993-07-06 Valeo Thermique Moteur Connecting device for connecting a serpentine heat exchanger to a fluid flow pipe
US5881803A (en) * 1997-02-25 1999-03-16 Thmx Holdings, Llc Heat exchanger construction
US6070659A (en) * 1997-02-06 2000-06-06 Sanden Corporation External connection for heat exchanger unit
US20070240445A1 (en) * 2006-04-14 2007-10-18 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Heat transfer tube assembly with serpentine circuits
US20110168367A1 (en) * 2008-10-03 2011-07-14 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Heat Exchanger With Recessed Fins
US20170198986A1 (en) * 2016-01-12 2017-07-13 Hussmann Corporation Heat exchanger including coil end close-off cover
EP3994408A4 (en) * 2019-08-12 2023-10-11 Enjay AB A battery device for a ventilation system

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1818446A (en) * 1930-01-28 1931-08-11 Superheater Co Ltd Reheater
US2181354A (en) * 1939-07-28 1939-11-28 Winters John Condenser for refrigerators
GB603467A (en) * 1945-11-29 1948-06-16 Goetaverken Ab Improvements in heat exchangers
US2477950A (en) * 1944-08-05 1949-08-02 Babcock & Wilcox Co Superheater
DE822395C (en) * 1949-10-24 1951-11-26 Manfred Behr Dipl Ing Circular condenser for refrigeration machines
US2619328A (en) * 1950-01-07 1952-11-25 Rudy Mfg Company Plate type condenser

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1818446A (en) * 1930-01-28 1931-08-11 Superheater Co Ltd Reheater
US2181354A (en) * 1939-07-28 1939-11-28 Winters John Condenser for refrigerators
US2477950A (en) * 1944-08-05 1949-08-02 Babcock & Wilcox Co Superheater
GB603467A (en) * 1945-11-29 1948-06-16 Goetaverken Ab Improvements in heat exchangers
DE822395C (en) * 1949-10-24 1951-11-26 Manfred Behr Dipl Ing Circular condenser for refrigeration machines
US2619328A (en) * 1950-01-07 1952-11-25 Rudy Mfg Company Plate type condenser

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3333317A (en) * 1964-03-12 1967-08-01 Reynolds Metals Co Method for making a heat exchanger means
US4344482A (en) * 1979-12-29 1982-08-17 Suddeutsche Kuhlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Multiple flow condenser for air conditioning units of motor vehicles
US4615383A (en) * 1984-05-01 1986-10-07 Sanden Corporation Serpentine heat exchanging apparatus having corrugated fin units
US4881312A (en) * 1988-07-22 1989-11-21 General Motors Corporation Method for manufacturing a fitting for a heat exchanger
US4901791A (en) * 1988-07-25 1990-02-20 General Motors Corporation Condenser having plural unequal flow paths
US5224537A (en) * 1991-02-26 1993-07-06 Valeo Thermique Moteur Connecting device for connecting a serpentine heat exchanger to a fluid flow pipe
US5209290A (en) * 1991-05-10 1993-05-11 Sanden Corporation Heat exchanger
US6070659A (en) * 1997-02-06 2000-06-06 Sanden Corporation External connection for heat exchanger unit
US5881803A (en) * 1997-02-25 1999-03-16 Thmx Holdings, Llc Heat exchanger construction
US20070240445A1 (en) * 2006-04-14 2007-10-18 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Heat transfer tube assembly with serpentine circuits
US7779898B2 (en) * 2006-04-14 2010-08-24 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Heat transfer tube assembly with serpentine circuits
US20110168367A1 (en) * 2008-10-03 2011-07-14 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Heat Exchanger With Recessed Fins
US8146651B2 (en) * 2008-10-03 2012-04-03 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger with recessed fins
US20170198986A1 (en) * 2016-01-12 2017-07-13 Hussmann Corporation Heat exchanger including coil end close-off cover
US10563930B2 (en) * 2016-01-12 2020-02-18 Hussmann Corporation Heat exchanger including coil end close-off cover
EP3994408A4 (en) * 2019-08-12 2023-10-11 Enjay AB A battery device for a ventilation system

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