US2776753A - Stabilized discharger shoe for centrifugal machines - Google Patents

Stabilized discharger shoe for centrifugal machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US2776753A
US2776753A US448038A US44803854A US2776753A US 2776753 A US2776753 A US 2776753A US 448038 A US448038 A US 448038A US 44803854 A US44803854 A US 44803854A US 2776753 A US2776753 A US 2776753A
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United States
Prior art keywords
shoe
basket
discharger
tip
basket wall
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Expired - Lifetime
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US448038A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hertrich Elise
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Western States Machine Co
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Western States Machine Co
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Publication date
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Priority to US448038A priority Critical patent/US2776753A/en
Priority to FR1133906D priority patent/FR1133906A/fr
Priority to GB22663/55A priority patent/GB775340A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2776753A publication Critical patent/US2776753A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/08—Skimmers or scrapers for discharging ; Regulating thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to a centrifugal apparatus and particularly to a new and improved stabilized discharger shoe for use in removing material, which may be of varying degrees of hardness, from gyratory centrifugal baskets of the types used in sugar mill operation, while reducing the danger of damaging the delicate inner linings on the basket wall.
  • Sugar centrifugals conventionally have a rotating basket and a discharger shoe which can be inserted into the basket so as to operate with a plowing action to cut sugar from the basket wall, the tip of the discharger shoe entering a revolving layer of sugar on the basket wall and separating the sugar from the wall.
  • the tip of the latter has a tendency to dig more and more deeply into the material deposited against the basket wall, that tendency being due to pressures of the material in the basket against the shoe, which pressures create reactions that urge the basket wall toward the discharger shoe tip, and to elastic deflection of the discharger mechanism under stresses imposed by the discharging operation, which deflection is in the direction moving the discharger shoe tip toward the basket wall.
  • a roller is mounted on the discharger shaft and contacts the rim of the basket to create, in response to pressure of the revolving material in the basket against the discharger shoe, a directional force tending to cause movement of the basket wall away from the discharger tip. While that particular disclosure converts the reactions on the basket, which would normally cause movement of the basket wall toward the discharger tip, into a force having the opposite tendency, so that said force and the elastic deflection of the discharger mechanism act in the same general direction to reduce the danger of damage to the linings of the basket wall, it will be appreciated that excessive elasti deflection of the discharger mechanism or a atent loss of control over its position by a workman operating the discharger, can still result in damaging contact of the discharger tip with the basket wall.
  • Another object is to provide such a discharger mechanism wherein the pressure responsive or stabilizing action of the shoe construction is continued throughout a substantial portion of the travel of the shoe tip toward the basket wall.
  • Another important object of the invention is to provide mechanism giving the pressure responsive or stabilizing action mentioned above in such a way that the swinging axis of the shoe can be located in any desired position relative to the line of the resultant force of the pressure of material in the basket against the shoe, so that the resultant force will tend only slightly to assist the shoe in digging into the material on the basket wall and so that most of the force of the rotating material is spent against a fixed pivot pin defining the swinging axis of the shoe.
  • another object of the invention is to positively limit the movement of the discharger shoe toward the basket wall by engagement of a part of the shoe with a part of the basket, so that elastic deflections within the discharger mechanism and swingout of the suspended gyratory basket can. have little or no effect upon the limited position of the shoe relative tothe basket wall.
  • a further object is to positively limit the movement of the discharger shoe by engagement of a part thereof with a part of the basket at each of two different positions relative to the basket wall so that the shoe makes a first cut of predetermined depth in the material on the basket well during movement of the shoe to the first of said positions, whereupon a simple act of the attendant enables the remainder of the material on the basket Wall to be removed by movement of the shoe from said first position to the other of said positions thereby, preventing the excessive digging of the shoe into the material and the resultant development of excessive stresses in the course of the discharging operation.
  • Fig. 1 is a top plan view, partly broken away, of a discharger mechanism assembled with a centrifugal basket and curb;
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical, sectional view along line 22 of Fig. 1, but showing the discharger mechanism, with the 1 exception of the discharger shoe, in elevation;
  • Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view taken along line 3--3 of Fig. 1, but on an enlarged scale;
  • Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing a stop assembly, forming a part of the discharger mechanism, in a position different from that of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a detail, top plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a side elevational view of a discharger shoe included in the illustrated embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view taken along the line 77 of Fig. 1, but on an enlarged scale;-
  • Fig. 8 is a detail sectional view taken along the line 88 of Fig. 1, but on an enlarged scale;
  • Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating the force condition Patented Jan. 8, 1957 which prevail during the discharging operation of a centrifugal apparatus having a discharging mechanism constructed in accordance with this invention.
  • a discharger mechanism embodying the present invention is there shown associated with a conventional centrifugal basket which is suspended on a gyratory basket spindle 11, a casing or curb 12 being provided in the usual manner for collecting centrifugally expelled liquid from basket 10.
  • a discharger shoe assembly which is generally indicated at 20 and will be hereinafter described in detail, can be inserted into the basket 10 so as to operate with a plowing action to cut sugar or other material from the basket wall as the basket is rotated against the shoe, that is, in the clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 1.
  • the discharger shoe assembly 20 may be supported by discharger mechanism generally indicated at 13 and which is similar to that disclosed in United States Letters Patent No. 2,628,719, issued on February 17, 1953 to Joseph Hertrich.
  • the discharger mechanism 13 has a discharger shaft guide housing 14 pivotally carried by a stub shaft 15 which extends vertically from a bracket 16 secured on the top of curb 12.
  • a discharger shaft 17 is vertically slidable in a guide passage 18 of housing 14, shaft 17 and passage 18 being of corresponding non-circular cross-section to prevent turning of the discharger shaft relative to housing 14. For example, as seen in Fig.
  • the shaft 17 may be of square confiuration, while the passage 18 is defined by two right-angled surfaces forming a seat for the discharger shaft and by two retaining members 19 which slidably hold the shaft 17 against that seat.
  • the discharger shoe assembly 20 is secured, as at 21, to the lower end of shaft 17 so that the tip 22 of the discharger shoe is moved toward and away from the wall of basket 10 by swinging of housing 14 about the axis defined by pin or stub shaft 15, while vertical movements of the discharger shoe assembly can be effected by displacing shaft 17 vertically within the guide passage 18.
  • the arm 23 is arranged to cooperate with an arm positioning bracket 25 (Figs. 1 and 8) so that, when the shoe assembly 20 is lowered into the basket, arm .23 can be moved clockwise, as viewed in Fig. 1, so as to move the tip 22 of the shoe outward into a wall of solids rotating slowly with the basket 10.
  • arm 23 reaches an intermediate cutting position in which it is engaged and retained in a latching recess 26 (Fig. 8) formed in positioning bracket 25 between shoulder 27 and the head of an adjustable stop screw 28 which is threaded into the bracket 25.
  • Arm 23 is urged downwardly about the pivot'24 and retained in recess 26 by a spring 29 (Fig. 8) interposed between an abutment 30 on housing 14 and the upper surface of arm 23.
  • a stop screw 31 extends adjustably from the discharger shaft guide housing and is engageable with the surface 32 (Fig. 1) on the arm positioning bracket 25.
  • the shaft 17 is formed with a rack of teeth 33 (Fig. 7) cut in one side thereof and meshing with a pinion 34 which is secured on a shaft 35 journalled in the housing 14 and having a handwheel 36 (Figs. 1 and 2) secured to its outer end to provide for manual rotation of shaft 35.
  • the discharger shoe assembly 20 includes a curved shoe 33 and a guide member 39 which is connected, preferably integrally, to the shoe, with an opening 40 being defined between shoe 38 and guide member 39 to loosely receive the spindle 11 and the sleeve 37 on the latter.
  • the inner edge surface 41 of the guide member 39 is arcuate and concentric with the swinging axis of housing 14 as defined by pivot 15 so that the contact between sleeve 37 and surface 41, shown in Fig. l, is maintained in all positions of the shoe relative to the basket wall.
  • P1 represents diagrammatically the vector of force caused by the pressure of the material in basket 10 against the discharger shoe 38 during the discharging operation.
  • Vector P1 results in a corresponding force reaction R1 on the basket assembly which tends to cause the basket to swing in the direction of that reaction. Such swing would move the Wall of basket 10 toward the tip 22 of the discharger shoe.
  • the reaction R1 is largely counteracted by the fact that the surface 41 of guide member 39 contacts the basket spindle 11, or the sleeve on the latter, at the side of the latter where it opposes the reaction and so prevents swinging movement of the basket wall toward the shoe tip in response to the reaction R it will be seen that the contact between surface 41 and sleeve 37 is located in a diametrical vertical plane passing through the axis of pin 15 and the axis of the spindle, and is therefore disposed within a limited angular region of the spindle sleeve which is angularly away from a diametrical vertical plane passing through the tip 22 and the axis of spindle 11.
  • R1 is not completely absorbed by guide member 39; instead, R1 and R2 together result in a small reactive force, represented by the vector Rs, in a direction which tends to swing the basket 10 out of plumb in a desirable manner, that is, any motion of the basket and spindle assembly induced by the reactive force R3 takes place along the are D, concentric with pivot 15, and causes the basket wall to recede from the tip 22 of the discharger shoe.
  • shoe 3%, shaft 17, guide housing 14, arm 23 and handwheel 36 all turn as a unit about the vertical axis of stub shaft 15, and that axis may be disposed only slightly inside (that is, toward the spindle axis) the line of force or pressure, represented by the vector P1, of material in the basket against the shoe 38 so that only a relatively small component of said force or pressure will assist the progressive movement of the shoe laterally into such material as each discharging operation proceeds, it has been found that even that relatively small component of the force or pressure acting against the shoe can be suflicient, under extreme operating conditions, to cause excessive elastic deflection within the mechanism supporting the discharger shoe so that the latter cuts too deeply into the material in the basket, or into the linings of the basket itself, not withstanding the restraints imposed on swinging of housing 14, as by the engagement of arm 23 in recess 26 of bracket 25 or by the engagement of stop screw 31 against the surface 32 of bracket 25.
  • connection 43 between shoe 38 and guide member 39 at the end of assembly 20 remote from shoe tip 22, carries a bearing pad 44 having an arcuate face which is engageable with sleeve 37 (Figs. 4 and to limit the movement of the shoe tip 22 toward the basket wall at the position shown in broken lines on Fig. 1.
  • a movable stop body 45 is hingedly mounted, as at 46, on the connection 43 and is swingable between an operative position (Figs. 1 and 3), wherein the body 45 is disposed in front of pad 44, that is, between pad 44 and spindle sleeve 37, and an inoperative position (Figs.
  • the pads 44 and 47 preferably make contact with an angular region of spindle sleeve 37 which is substantially at right angles to the point of contact of guide member 39 with the spindle sleeve so that the force exerted by the pad 44 or 47 against the spindle structure is generally in the same direction as the reactive force R3.
  • a handle 48 extends from stop body 45 to facilitate manipulation of the latter between its operative and inoperative positions.
  • the position of the discharger shoe assembly shown in full lines on Fig. 1 and determined by contact of pad 47 with spindle sleeve 37 corresponds to the position established by engagement of arm 23 in recess 26 of the bracket 25 under nonstressed conditions, while the position of the discharger shoe assembly determined by contact of pad 44 with the spindle sleeve and shown in broken lines on Fig. 1 corresponds to the position established by contact of stop screw 31 with surface 32 of bracket 25 under non-stressed conditions.
  • the stop means 42 of the discharger shoe assembly 20 embodying this invention engages the spindle structure during the discharging operation and reacts against the spindle structure, so that the shoe cannot swing out on are D1 without causing a corresponding swing out of the basket and thus maintains the desired positional relationship between the discharger shoe and the basket wall even when the stresses resulting from the discharging operation produce elastic deflections in the structure supporting the discharger shoe.
  • the discharger shoe assembly 20 embodying the present invention produces swing out of the basket 10 in the direction moving the basket wall away from the discharger shoe tip in response to the force reactions on the basket resulting from the pressure of the material in the rotated basket against the shoe during a discharging operation, and also prevents undesirable convergence of the basket wall and the shoe tip in response to elastic deflection of the structure supporting the discharger shoe as a result of the stresses imposed thereon during the discharging operation, so that the discharger is not likely to be forced inadvertently too far or too heavily toward the screens forming the linings of the basket.
  • a stabilized discharger shoe assembly for discharging material from a centrifugal basket suspended from a gyratory spindle structure; said dischaigerkshoe ly for travel along the basket wall and turnable about a fixed vertical axis to move the tip of the shoe toward and away from the basket wall, and a guide member joined to said discharger shoe having an arcuate surface concentric with said axis and positioned to slidably engage a part of the spindle structure at a side thereof remote from said axis throughout a substantial portion of the travel of said shoe tip toward the basket wall.
  • a stabilized discharger shoe assembly for discharging material from a centrifugal basket suspended from a gyratory spindle structure; said discharger shoe assembly comprising a discharger shoe movable vertically for travel along the basket wall and turnable about a fixed axis for moving the shoe tip toward and away from the basket wall at a side of the spindle structure, said shoe having an extension thereon in the form of a yoke extending horizontally inwardly from said shoe across the side of the spindle structure away from said axis in an are substantially concentric with said axis and stop means on an end portion of said yoke engageable with a part of said spindle structure at a side thereof facing away from the direction of movement of said shoe toward the basket wall to stop such movement at a predetermined position of said tip relative to the basket wall.
  • a stabilized discharger shoe assembly for discharging material from a centrifugal basket suspended from a gyratory spindle structure; said discharger shoe assembly comprising a discharger shoe movable vertically for travel along the basket wall and turnable for moving the shoe tip toward and away from the basket wall at a side of the spindle structure, and a guide member joined to said discharger shoe having an arcuate surface parallel to the path of movement of said tip toward and away from the basket wall and positioned to slidably engage a part of the spindle structure throughout a substantial portion of the movement of said shoe tip toward the basket wall and at a location on said part of the spindle structure where said guide member opposes the resultant of reactive forces on the basket and spindle structure that arise from the plowing action of the shoe during a discharging operation.
  • a stabilized discharger shoe assembly for discharging material from a centrifugal basket suspended from a gyratory spindle structure; said discharger shoe assembly comprising a discharger shoe movable vertically for travel along the basket wall and turnable about a fixed vertical axisto move the tip of the shoe toward and away from the basket wall, a guide member joined to said discharger shoe having an arcuate surface concentric with said axis and positioned to slidably engage a part of the spindle structure at a side thereof remote from said axis throughout a substantial portion of the movement of said shoe tip toward the basket wall, and stop means on said shoe and engageable with said part of the spindle structure at the side of the latter facing away from the direction of movement of said shoe tip toward the basket wall to stop said movement at a predetermined position of the shoe tip relative to the spindle structure and basket wall.
  • a stabilized discharger shoe assembly for discharging material from a centrifugal basket suspended from a gyratory spindle structure; said discharger shoe assembly comprising a discharger shoe 'movable vertically for travel along the basket wall and turnable about a fixed vertical axis to move the tip of the shoe toward and away from the basket wall, an extension directed inward past the spindle structure from said discharger shoe, a fixed stop member on said extension positioned to engage a part of the spindle structure at a side of the latter facing away from the direction of the movement of said shoe tip toward the basket wall to limit the movement of the shoe tip toward the basket wall in a final position next to said wall, and a shiftable stop member mounted on said extension and movable between an operative position interposed betweensaid fixed stop member and said side of the spindle structure where said shiftable stop member is engageable with said part of the spindle structure to limit said movement of the shoe tip toward the basket wall in a first position spaced inwardly from the basket wall, and an inoperative position
  • a stabilized discharger shoe assembly for discharging material from a centrifugal basket suspended from a gyratory spindle structure; said discharger shoe assembly comprising a closed yoke member loosely embracing the spindle structure, one side of said yoke member defining a shoe and having an extension projecting from one end to form a shoe tip, said yoke member being vertically movable for travel of said shoe along the basket wall and turnable to move said shoe tip toward and away from the basket wall along an arcuate path, the side of said yoke member opposite said shoe defining a guide member having an arcuate surface coaxial with said path of the shoe tip and positioned to slidably engage a part of the spindle structure throughout a substantial portion of the travel of said shoe tip toward the basket wall and at a side of said spindle structure where said guide member opposes the resultant of reactive forces on the basket and spindle structure that arise from the plowing action of the shoe during a discharging operation.
  • a stabilized discharger shoe assembly for discharging material from a centrifugal basket suspended from a gyratory spindle structure; said discharger shoe assembly comprising a discharger shoe movable vertically for travel along the basket wall and turnable about a fixed vertical axis to move the tip of the shoe toward and away from the basket wall, a loop member joined to said shoe to extend around the spindle structure, said loop member having an arcuate guide surface concentric with said fixed vertical axis and positioned to ride against a part of the spindle structure at a side thereof remote from said axis throughout a substantial portion of the travel of said shoe tip toward the basket wall thereby to oppose the resulant of reactive forces on the basket and spindle structure that arise from the plowing action of the shoe and to prevent swinging movement of the revolving basket wall against the tip of the shoe in response to such forces.
  • a stabilized discharger shoe assembly for discharg ing material from a centrifugal basket suspended from a gyratory spindle structure; said discharger shoe assembly comprising a discharger shoe movable vertically for travel along the basket wall and turnable about a fixed vertical axis to move the tip of the shoe toward and away from the basket wall, a loop member joined to said shoe to extend around the spindle structure, said loop member having an arcuate guide surface concentric with said fixed vertical axis and positioned to ride against a part of the spindle structure at a side thereof remote from said axis throughout a substantial portion of the travel of said shoe tip toward the basket wall thereby to oppose the resultant of reactive forces on the basket and spindle structure that arise from the plowing action of the shoe and to prevent swinging movement of the revolving basket wall against the tip of the shoe in response to such forces, and stop means on said loop member between said guide surface and said shoe to engage against said part of the spindle structure at a side thereof facing away from the direction of
  • a stabilized discharger shoe assembly according toclaim 9; wherein said stop means includes a fixed stop element on said loop member for engagement with the spindle structure in positioning the tip of the shoe next to the basket wall, and a shiftable stop element movable on said loop member between an operative position, where it is interposed between said fixed stop element and the spindle structure to engage the latter and position the shoe tip at a location spaced from the basket wall and an inoperative position clear of said fixed stop element to References Cited in the file of this patent FOREIGN PATENTS France Apr. 21, 1925

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US448038A 1954-08-05 1954-08-05 Stabilized discharger shoe for centrifugal machines Expired - Lifetime US2776753A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US448038A US2776753A (en) 1954-08-05 1954-08-05 Stabilized discharger shoe for centrifugal machines
FR1133906D FR1133906A (fr) 1954-08-05 1955-05-27 Dispositif de déversement pour machines centrifuges
GB22663/55A GB775340A (en) 1954-08-05 1955-08-05 Improvements in or relating to discharger shoes for centrifugal strainer separators

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US448038A US2776753A (en) 1954-08-05 1954-08-05 Stabilized discharger shoe for centrifugal machines

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US2776753A true US2776753A (en) 1957-01-08

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FR (1) FR1133906A (fr)
GB (1) GB775340A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160121343A1 (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-05 The Western States Machine Company Dischargers and method of using the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3734398A (en) * 1971-02-26 1973-05-22 Pennwalt Corp Basket centrifuge with material removing means

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR587634A (fr) * 1923-12-29 1925-04-21 Schneider & Cie Appareil pour le déchargement des turbines à sucre

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR587634A (fr) * 1923-12-29 1925-04-21 Schneider & Cie Appareil pour le déchargement des turbines à sucre

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160121343A1 (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-05 The Western States Machine Company Dischargers and method of using the same
US10124347B2 (en) * 2014-10-31 2018-11-13 The Western States Machine Company Adjustable discharger ram spacing

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FR1133906A (fr) 1957-04-03
GB775340A (en) 1957-05-22

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