US2775434A - Immersion devices for treating liquids - Google Patents

Immersion devices for treating liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
US2775434A
US2775434A US284659A US28465952A US2775434A US 2775434 A US2775434 A US 2775434A US 284659 A US284659 A US 284659A US 28465952 A US28465952 A US 28465952A US 2775434 A US2775434 A US 2775434A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
oscillator
immersion
appliance
sonic
liquids
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US284659A
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English (en)
Inventor
Probst Clemens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schuckertwerke AG
Siemens Corp
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Siemens Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens Corp
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Publication of US2775434A publication Critical patent/US2775434A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
    • C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
    • C12H1/12—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages without precipitation
    • C12H1/16—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages without precipitation by physical means, e.g. irradiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
    • A23L5/32—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using phonon wave energy, e.g. sound or ultrasonic waves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
    • B06B1/0655—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element of cylindrical shape

Definitions

  • My invention relates to portable immersion devices for treating liquids by subjecting them to sonic or supersonic oscillations.
  • the sonic or supersonic treatment of liquids has so far substantially been limited to industrial and laboratory applications.
  • the necessary sonic devices and electric generators (the term sonic being here and herein-after understood to include the supersonic frequencies) have been expensive and complicated and could be serviced only by skilled personnel.
  • the known sonic oscillators are rmly attached to the treating vessels, and special devices are provided for supporting the oscillator bodies and for attaching the pertaining electrodes to these bodies.
  • lt is an object of my invention to devise a sonic immersion oscillator of a simple and inexpensive design that can readily be used by anyone in the manner of a portable appliance for household purposes, or for commercial applications such as in bars and restaurants, or pharmaceutical and chemical laboratories.
  • Another, ancillary object of my invention is to devise a handy electric appliance for the stirring, shaking or mixing of liquids that eliminates the necessity for revolvable or otherwise movable mechanisms or movable magnetic armatures and diaphragms and is composed only of virtually xed parts, thus alfording an extremely sturdy design and a high reliability of operation.
  • an immersion appliance for the sonic treating of liquids that, in general design, appearance and manipulation, is similar to an electric immersion heater for household use.
  • the appliance comprises an insulted rod-shaped or tubular handle portion enclosing the electric supply conductor, and a head portion which is lirmly joined with the handle portion and consists essentially of a sonic oscillator.
  • the oscillator is a piezoelectric supersonic device, preferably a ceramic piezo oscillator, for instance, of barium titanate.
  • the oscillator may comprise one or a plurality of oscillator bodies.
  • Such an immersion appliance may be operated with a simple high-frequency generator having, for instance, only one electronic tube of about 5 to l0 watts power output, which may be energized directly from the line without requiring an additional power-supply unit or rectifier. Consequently, an appliance according to the invention is also simple and inexpensive as regards the required high-frequency generator.
  • An appliance according to the invention may be used in the manner of an electric immersion heater. It can readily and safely be manipulated with utmost security from electric shocks, especially when a ceramic piezo oscillator of barium titanate is provided, such oscillators operating with -a relatively low voltage of only about volts.
  • a cord with a plug connector may be provided for removably connecting the appliance to a small high-frequency generator.
  • Patent appliance may be given a piezo oscillator without an exterior electrode, the liquid to be treated then serving as the second electrode.
  • an exterior electrode is to be provided, this electrode being preferably kept at ground potential. However, since in the latter design the electrode carrying the high-frequency voltage is not accessible from the outside, the device is just as safely manipulatable as one without an exterior electrode.
  • Fig. 1 shows a part-sectional view of a sonic immersion appliance according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows an appliance according to the invention designed for the conditioning of beer or the like beverage
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective and part sectional View through a combined sonic and heating appliance also according to the invention.
  • the device illustrated in Fig. l has a hollow cylindrical oscillator body 1 of a ceramic-type piezoelectric material; preferably barium titanate. This body tightly encloses a cylindrical electrode 2. which may consist of a solid; The electrode 2 is insulated and sealedl against water by sealing discs 3 and by front covers 4.A
  • a connector plug 7 permits connecting the appliance to a high-frequency generator (not illustrated).
  • the lower cover 4 also protects the oscillator body l from being damaged.
  • the holding or cover portions of the oscillator and the handle of the appliance are preferably made of a material resistant to chemical attack. Consequently, the material may be chosen in dependence upon the particular liquids to be treated. It is further advantageous to select a material of good dielectric properties to minimize or prevent high-frequency losses.
  • an appliance according to the invention is a relatively small apparatus that can readily and safety be manipulated for home use as well as for commercial and industrial applications.
  • the apparatus may serve to impart a stirring or shaking eect on beverages or other liquids when these liquids are in the pots, cups, glasses or other vessels ordinarily used.
  • the appliances may be used for the preparation of tea or colee, the mixing of beverages, the dissolving of powdered material, the preparation of dehydrated food, the artificial aging of alcohol and alcoholic beverages in small qu-antities, or for improving the sparkling and foaming quality of beer and the like beverages, to mention only some of the applications.
  • the supersonic treatment -by a device according to the invention elects a more rapid and more extensive lixiviation. In this manner a saving of about one-quarter to onethird may be obtained.
  • the appliance according to the ,invention may be equipped with a holding device at or near the Ibeer tap so that the oscillator extends downwardly.
  • This. has the advantagesv that the ,immersion device need not be touched 'by' hand.
  • the immersion vcan then Ybe effected -by lifting a filled ,glassiormug fromA below against the immersion device. If the device is so mounted that it enters into the vesesl when the beer is being tapped, then ythe ksonic treatment may occur while the beer is owing into the vessel. Since beer is an electrlcali,l -good conductive liquid, the sonic devices does not require an exterior electrode.
  • a tap faucet of metal and, hence, the beer itself may serve .as the exterior electrode.
  • a tap faucet of metal and, hence, the beer itself may serve .as the exterior electrode.
  • 'it may he preferably to provide a second electrode which is irmnerged ⁇ into the beverage together with the oscillator.
  • Fig. 2 l shows how the appliance may be mounted on a beer tap 22.
  • the appliance 23, designed in accordance with the above-described embodiment, has its supply cable 24 connected to a small high-frequency generator 25.
  • the metallic piping 26 leading the beer to the tap serves as the second electrode. It is also connected to the generator 25 and is grounded at 21.
  • the sonic device may be combined with an electric immersion heater as is apparent from the embodiment shown in Fig. 3.
  • a single handle portion 31 carries a sonic oscillator 32 as well as an electric heater 33.
  • the handle encloses the supply conductors for the heater and for the oscillator.
  • a hook 34 near the upper end of the handle permits hanging the appliance over the rim of a vessel.
  • the oscillator 32 may be similar to that of Fig. 1.
  • a metallic surface of the heater 33 may also form the exterior electrode for coaction with the oscillator 32.
  • devices according to the invention may be used yfor many other purposes for which an oscillatory treatment is favorable. For instance, seed material may be sonically treated for increasing the rgerminating ability.
  • the devices according to the invention are especially advantageous for laboratories because they are handy and especially suitable for carrying out a series of tests. While the known laboratory devices with a sonic oscillator attached to a pertaining vessel must :be filled with each sample and must thereafter be emptied and cleaned before the next sample can be tested, a device according to the invention may ⁇ 'be .immersed in a rapid sequence into any number of individual vessels or beakers thus greatly expediting the tests performable with a single oscillator.
  • An immersion device for treating liquids comptising an insulated handle rod, an electric immersion heater of hollow cylindrical shape and a piezoelectricv oscillator both joined with said handle and a piezoelectric Yfor joint immersion in the liquid to be treated, said oscillator being surrounded by said heater, and electric conductor means extending through said handle to said heater and said oscillator.
  • a single electrode immersion device for treating, mixing and stirring liquids comprising an elongated hollow handle portion Vand a head portion rigidly joined with said handle portion at one end thereof and forming a portable unit together with said handle portion, said head portion comprising a hollow cylindrical ceramic single bodied piezo oscillator element having its axis of sym-metry coincident 4with the longitudinal axis of said handle and having an outer cylindrical surface adapted to be directly contacted by the liquid to be treated, said outer surface being operable at ground potential, a cylindrical electrode sealed and snugly fitting within the hollow of said piezo element and in surface contact with the interior thereof, and an insulated electric conductor extending from the outside through said handle portion and being connected with said electrode.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US284659A 1951-04-28 1952-04-26 Immersion devices for treating liquids Expired - Lifetime US2775434A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2775434X 1951-04-28

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NL (2) NL169158B (en:Method)

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2918380A (en) * 1955-09-19 1959-12-22 Nat Res Dev Treatment of milk
US2949364A (en) * 1957-01-09 1960-08-16 Curtiss Wright Corp Methods of making beverage concentrate
US2975056A (en) * 1958-11-20 1961-03-14 Gen Foods Corp Coffee foam reduction
US3321189A (en) * 1964-09-10 1967-05-23 Edison Instr Inc High-frequency ultrasonic generators
US3501654A (en) * 1967-06-12 1970-03-17 Corning Glass Works Miniature pressure transducer
US3638053A (en) * 1970-04-13 1972-01-25 Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved Terrain probe for scanning time behavior of stress waves in a medium
US4135826A (en) * 1977-04-11 1979-01-23 Holm Harold K Vibrators
US4183011A (en) * 1977-12-22 1980-01-08 Fred M. Dellorfano, Jr. Ultrasonic cleaning systems
US4210676A (en) * 1978-02-01 1980-07-01 Veb Rationalisierung Halle Process and apparatus for the acceleration of the ripening of spirits
US4433399A (en) * 1979-07-05 1984-02-21 The Stoneleigh Trust Ultrasonic transducers
US4859897A (en) * 1988-04-07 1989-08-22 Frank Massa Directional waterproof ultrasonic transducer for operating in air
US4979829A (en) * 1989-06-26 1990-12-25 Halliburton Company Cement mixing with vibrator
US5029645A (en) * 1989-06-26 1991-07-09 Halliburton Company Cement mixing with vibrator
US20030234212A1 (en) * 2002-06-21 2003-12-25 Sanden Corporation Mineral water making apparatus
US20060165855A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2006-07-27 Leonhardt Charles G Wine aging method and system
US20060210679A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2006-09-21 Leonhardt Charles G Method and system for removing harmful gases from wines and other beverages
US20070009422A1 (en) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-11 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Carbon black paint and method for manufacturing the same
US20080095667A1 (en) * 2004-09-22 2008-04-24 Miyuki Murakami Agitation Apparatus, Vessel, And Analysis Apparatus Including Agitation Apparatus
GB2454503A (en) * 2007-11-09 2009-05-13 Gavin Reay Vibrating stirrer
US20100008178A1 (en) * 2008-07-14 2010-01-14 Dale Fahrion Acoustic Beverage Mixer
US20100149907A1 (en) * 2007-02-22 2010-06-17 New Brunswick Scientific Compnay, Inc Torsionally flexible, sealed drive
US20130003488A1 (en) * 2003-10-14 2013-01-03 Atmi Bvba Flexible mixing bag for mixing solids, liquids, and gases
US20160129407A1 (en) * 2014-11-08 2016-05-12 Matthew Brett Wrosch Acceleration of alcohol aging and/or liquid mixing/maturation using remotely powered electromechanical agitation
US20240240122A1 (en) * 2021-07-20 2024-07-18 American Metal Whiskey LLC Sonic infusion of alcohol
US20240294857A1 (en) * 2021-07-20 2024-09-05 American Metal Whiskey LLC Sonic infusion of alcohol

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1052843A (en) * 1910-04-26 1913-02-11 Simplex Electric Heating Co Electrical-resistance device.
US1740097A (en) * 1928-03-30 1929-12-17 Edward H Waddington Detachable washing apparatus
US1771918A (en) * 1928-05-18 1930-07-29 Krupp Ag Heating metal melts
US1801307A (en) * 1928-06-15 1931-04-21 Gladys E Feldman Immersion heater
US1939302A (en) * 1929-04-12 1933-12-12 Edward B Benjamin Apparatus for and art of carburation
US2086891A (en) * 1934-10-23 1937-07-13 Bachmann Jakob August Method of treatment for fermented and distilled beverages and the like
US2420864A (en) * 1943-04-17 1947-05-20 Chilowsky Constantin Piezoelectric plastic material and method of making same
US2434143A (en) * 1943-04-17 1948-01-06 Chilowsky Constantin Supersonic signal transmitter and receiver
US2447061A (en) * 1945-07-18 1948-08-17 Cambridge Thermionic Corp Piezoelectric system
US2453595A (en) * 1943-08-27 1948-11-09 Scophony Corp Of America Apparatus for dispensing liquid fuel
US2514797A (en) * 1946-01-24 1950-07-11 Raytheon Mfg Co Heat exchanger
US2592703A (en) * 1947-04-09 1952-04-15 Brush Dev Co Transducing device having an electromechanically responsive dielectric element
US2597505A (en) * 1945-11-21 1952-05-20 Knut V Lindkvist Tube vibrator
US2645836A (en) * 1949-07-01 1953-07-21 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Molding method

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1052843A (en) * 1910-04-26 1913-02-11 Simplex Electric Heating Co Electrical-resistance device.
US1740097A (en) * 1928-03-30 1929-12-17 Edward H Waddington Detachable washing apparatus
US1771918A (en) * 1928-05-18 1930-07-29 Krupp Ag Heating metal melts
US1801307A (en) * 1928-06-15 1931-04-21 Gladys E Feldman Immersion heater
US1939302A (en) * 1929-04-12 1933-12-12 Edward B Benjamin Apparatus for and art of carburation
US2086891A (en) * 1934-10-23 1937-07-13 Bachmann Jakob August Method of treatment for fermented and distilled beverages and the like
US2420864A (en) * 1943-04-17 1947-05-20 Chilowsky Constantin Piezoelectric plastic material and method of making same
US2434143A (en) * 1943-04-17 1948-01-06 Chilowsky Constantin Supersonic signal transmitter and receiver
US2453595A (en) * 1943-08-27 1948-11-09 Scophony Corp Of America Apparatus for dispensing liquid fuel
US2447061A (en) * 1945-07-18 1948-08-17 Cambridge Thermionic Corp Piezoelectric system
US2597505A (en) * 1945-11-21 1952-05-20 Knut V Lindkvist Tube vibrator
US2514797A (en) * 1946-01-24 1950-07-11 Raytheon Mfg Co Heat exchanger
US2592703A (en) * 1947-04-09 1952-04-15 Brush Dev Co Transducing device having an electromechanically responsive dielectric element
US2645836A (en) * 1949-07-01 1953-07-21 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Molding method

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2918380A (en) * 1955-09-19 1959-12-22 Nat Res Dev Treatment of milk
US2949364A (en) * 1957-01-09 1960-08-16 Curtiss Wright Corp Methods of making beverage concentrate
US2975056A (en) * 1958-11-20 1961-03-14 Gen Foods Corp Coffee foam reduction
US3321189A (en) * 1964-09-10 1967-05-23 Edison Instr Inc High-frequency ultrasonic generators
US3501654A (en) * 1967-06-12 1970-03-17 Corning Glass Works Miniature pressure transducer
US3638053A (en) * 1970-04-13 1972-01-25 Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved Terrain probe for scanning time behavior of stress waves in a medium
US4135826A (en) * 1977-04-11 1979-01-23 Holm Harold K Vibrators
US4183011A (en) * 1977-12-22 1980-01-08 Fred M. Dellorfano, Jr. Ultrasonic cleaning systems
US4210676A (en) * 1978-02-01 1980-07-01 Veb Rationalisierung Halle Process and apparatus for the acceleration of the ripening of spirits
US4433399A (en) * 1979-07-05 1984-02-21 The Stoneleigh Trust Ultrasonic transducers
US4859897A (en) * 1988-04-07 1989-08-22 Frank Massa Directional waterproof ultrasonic transducer for operating in air
US4979829A (en) * 1989-06-26 1990-12-25 Halliburton Company Cement mixing with vibrator
US5029645A (en) * 1989-06-26 1991-07-09 Halliburton Company Cement mixing with vibrator
US20030234212A1 (en) * 2002-06-21 2003-12-25 Sanden Corporation Mineral water making apparatus
US20130003488A1 (en) * 2003-10-14 2013-01-03 Atmi Bvba Flexible mixing bag for mixing solids, liquids, and gases
US20080095667A1 (en) * 2004-09-22 2008-04-24 Miyuki Murakami Agitation Apparatus, Vessel, And Analysis Apparatus Including Agitation Apparatus
US8430555B2 (en) * 2004-09-22 2013-04-30 Beckman Coulter, Inc. Agitation apparatus, vessel, and analysis apparatus including agitation apparatus
US20060165855A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2006-07-27 Leonhardt Charles G Wine aging method and system
US7220439B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2007-05-22 Leonhardt Charles G Wine aging method and system
US7198809B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2007-04-03 Leonhardt Charles G Method and system for removing harmful gases from wines and other beverages
US20060210679A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2006-09-21 Leonhardt Charles G Method and system for removing harmful gases from wines and other beverages
US20070009422A1 (en) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-11 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Carbon black paint and method for manufacturing the same
US20100149907A1 (en) * 2007-02-22 2010-06-17 New Brunswick Scientific Compnay, Inc Torsionally flexible, sealed drive
US8794821B2 (en) * 2007-02-22 2014-08-05 Eppendorf, Inc. Torsionally flexible, sealed drive
GB2454503A (en) * 2007-11-09 2009-05-13 Gavin Reay Vibrating stirrer
US20100008178A1 (en) * 2008-07-14 2010-01-14 Dale Fahrion Acoustic Beverage Mixer
US20160129407A1 (en) * 2014-11-08 2016-05-12 Matthew Brett Wrosch Acceleration of alcohol aging and/or liquid mixing/maturation using remotely powered electromechanical agitation
US20240240122A1 (en) * 2021-07-20 2024-07-18 American Metal Whiskey LLC Sonic infusion of alcohol
US20240294857A1 (en) * 2021-07-20 2024-09-05 American Metal Whiskey LLC Sonic infusion of alcohol

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL83008C (en:Method)
NL169158B (nl)

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