US277270A - Magnus geoss - Google Patents

Description

`(No Model.) v

M. GROSS.

RETORT FOR MAKING GAS.

Paiented May 8, 1.883.

5S. UWE- lllllll/l/Mll /l/l INVENTOR WITNBSSES ATTORNEYS.

N, PEYERs PnoiLm-wgnpnef. washington. D4 C,

'2 is sectional plan view of the same, taken is divided practically into three chambers in PATENT Erice'.

MAGNUS GROSS, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.

RETORT FOR MAKING GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 277,270, dated May e, ieee,

Application filed February 23, 1883. (No model.)

lo all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAGNUS GROSS, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Retorts forMaking Gas, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which` similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is a sectional side elevation of my improved retort and a part of the bench. Fig.

through the broken line or x, Fig. 1. Fig. Sis a sectional end elevation of the same, taken' through the line i/ y, Fig. 2.

The object of this invention is to furnish, for the purpose of making illuminating or fuel gas from crude oil,naphtha,or other liquid hydrocarbons and superheated steam, an improved retort, by the aid of which disassociation and readjustment of the constituents ot' any liquid hydrocarbons and steam can be accomplished simultaneously and in the nascent state, and a gas for lighting and heating will be produced of from eighteen to thirty-six candle-power, and so thoroughly fixed thatit will emit neither smell norsmoke while being burned, and which will require no other purification but condensation, and in which the percentage of carbonio oxide is completelynnder the control of the operator, and the formation of carbonio acid and any explosive-gas mixtures are rendered impossible, for the reason that the access of atmospheric air is wholly prevented.

The retortAis made open at both ends, and

the manner hereinafter described.

The central part of the retort A, for about three-lifths of its length, is exposed to the full heat of the furnace B, and is kept in a state of high incandescence, and is filled with any oonvenieut highly-porous material. To the eenter of the upper part ofthe retortA is secured a piece of chamotte, which projects downward several inches and serves as a tlange or bridge to deiiect in a downward direction all gases or vapors that strike against it, and which may be replaced by a diaphragm having a lcentrai opening, if desired.

or three months.

iron plate, D, in the center of which is formed a circular aperture, D', about four inches in diameter, through which as an outlet all the` gases must pass before they can enter the standpipe E, attached to the month-piece F in the ordinary manner.

To the plateD may be attached a basket, G,made of strong iron bars, wherein to embed the. porous material in case it should be desired to use a combustible substanceas coke,for instanceneeding renewal every two It' the porous material used be incombustible the retort need never be opened or the operation of gas-making interrupted except for the purpose of repairing cracks.

The basket G is centered in the retort A by diaphragms O, of chamotte orother suitable material, which have openings formed through them to receive and tit upon the said basket. The forward diaphragm, O, serves as a stop for the plate D to rest against, and also as a. cover to the joint between the said plate D and the retort A. The rear diaphragm serves also as a lian ge to deliect the steam and vapor into theincandescent material whether a basket be used or not. The lower side of theforward end of the basket G is rounded or beveled for convenience iu inserting it in the retort, and to the upper part of the retort is attached a downwardly-projecting flange, P, in such a position as to serve as a stop for the basket G, and as a deiiector to canse the gases and vapor to enter and pass through the incandescent porous material.

It' fuel-gas is to be made in ahy one of the retorts to serve as a feeder for the bench or boiler furnace or other purpose, the connection with the stand-pipe E is interrupted by closing the valve H placed in the said pipe, and the gas is led to the furnace or other place through the pipes I J, attached to the bottom and side of the mouth-piece F. If the fuelgas is to go to a holder, it is allowed to pass outthrough the pipe K, connecting with and projecting horizontally from the stand-pipe E. The pipes I J K are provided with valves L pipes R S are provided with valves V WV, so

that the amount of oil and steam delivered to the retort can be regulated as desired. The inner end ofl the oil-pipe R is curved downward, so that the oil or naphtha will drop upon hot perforated plates T, made with upwardly-projectin g rims, and supported, by rods U or other suitable means, in the middle rear part ofthe retort A.

The steam-pipe S enters beneaththcperforated plates T, and its inner end is bent to one side, so that the entering` steam will strike the side of the mouth-piece Q, or of the rear end ofthe retort A, and will be thrown back and made to commingle with the vapor of the oil or naphtha formed by the contact of the said oil or naphtha with the hot perforated plates T and with the still hotter steam. The mouthpiece Q is thickly coated with a non-conducting cement to preventloss of heat from radiation and the cooling effect of theoutside air. Thoroughly superheated steam and the vapor of oil or naphtha intimately mixed in proper proportions are drawn by the action of a steam jet or exhauster placed between the hydraulic and condenser through the length of the retort, which becomes gradually hotter toward its center. The retort is constantly lled with an atmosphere of incandescent carbon, which causes the ready decomposition of the steam into its elements, and the combination ofthe said elements in the nascent state with the highly-heatedvapors of theliq uid hydrocarbon into a compound of fixed combustible gases, consisting mainly of heavy hydrocarbons of the ethylene series, the illuminators proper oflight carbureted hydrogen of the methylene series of pure hydrogen, carbonio oxide, and a certain percentage of the vapors of tar, no nitrogen, carbonio acid, ammoniacal or sulphurous compounds, or anyother impurities being present or formed to pass out of the retort. The porous material inthe heated part of the retort, the bridge-like projection in the center, and the contracted outlet in the middle of the front plate, D, prevent any of the vapors or gases from leaving the retort before having come in contact with and passing through the incandescent porous material, and thus becoming thoroughly fixed, except such particles 'of tar as remain suspended in the hot gas till the latter reaches the condenser and the tar drops out of the cooled gas, which, without any further treatment of any kind or manner, is now lit for use.

To insure permanency and uniformity in the operation of gas-making by the use of my improved retort, the said retort should be placed in the bench described in Letters Patent No. 206,724, issued to me August 6,1878.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. A retort for gas-making made, substan tiallyasherein shown and described,with plates to distribute the oil or naphtha, a downwardlyprojecting flan ge for deflectin g the gases and vapors downward, a porous material, and a front plate having central aperture, whereby all the gases and vapors will be made to pass through the porous material before reaching the front of the retort, as set forth. p

2. Inv a retort for gas-making, the combination, with the retort A, the oil-pipe R, and the steam-pipe S, of the perforated plates T, substantially asherein shown and described,where by the oil or naphtha is distributed and made to thoroughly com mingle with the superheated steam, as set forth.

MAGNUS GROSS.

Witnesses:

JAMES T. GRAHAM, C. SEDGWICK.

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