US2757544A

US2757544A - Vibrating apparatus utilizing a liquid as eccentric weight means

Info

Publication number: US2757544A
Application number: US459940A
Authority: US
Inventors: George D Becker
Original assignee: Allis Chalmers Corp
Current assignee: Allis Chalmers Corp
Priority date: 1954-10-04
Filing date: 1954-10-04
Publication date: 1956-08-07
Anticipated expiration: 1973-08-07

Description

Aug. 7, 1956 G. D. BECKER VIBRATING APPARATUS UTILIZING A LIQUID AS ECCENTRIC WEIGHT MEANS Filed Oct. 4, 1954 United States Patent VIBRATING APPARATU UTILIZING A LIQUID AS ECCENTRIC WEIGHT MEANS George D. Becker, Wauwatosa, Wis., assignor to Allis- Chalmers Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis.

Application October 4, 1954, Serial No. 459,940

4 Claims. (Cl. 74-87) The present invention relates generally to vibrating apparatus in which a centrifugal force is created and utilized to impart a vibratory movement to the apparatus.

In vibrating apparatus of this type a rotatable shaft is journaled in a resiliently mounted body such as a vibrating screen, or a vibrating ball mill, and eccentrical- 1y positioned weight means or masses associated with the shaft create a centrifugal force when the shaft is rotated. If the eccentric weights are rigidly connected to the shaft the centrifugal force is transmitted to the vibratable body of the apparatus through the bearings in which the shaft is journaled.

The specific type of such apparatus to which the present invention pertains is apparatus in which the shaft is provided with means for causing the eccentric weights to move in a circular path but the eccentric Weights are not rigidly connected to the shaft. Prior art apparatus of this type includes a cylindrically shaped casing attached to the vibratable body and arranged concentrically of the shaft. The cylindrical casing defines an enclosed chamber and disposed in the chamber are eccentrically positioned weights which may be balls or rollers. Attached to the shaft is an impeller which, upon rotation of the shaft, engages the balls or rollers so as to cause the balls or rollers to move in a circular path. The centrifugal force acting on the balls or rollers is transmitted through the cylindrical casing to the vibratable body of the apparatus and a vibratory motion is thereby imparted to the vibratable body. No part of the centrifugal force created by the movement of the balls or rollers in a circular path is transmitted through the bearings in which the shaft is journaled.

With prior art vibratory apparatus of the type referred to the balls or rollers comprising the eccentrically positioned weights are caused by centrifugal force to engage the internal surface of the cylindrical casing with great force. The friction thereby incurred is appreciable and the resulting heat generated and the resulting wear to the balls or rollers represent serious disadvantage. Noisiness in operation is another disadvantage of the apparatus.

A primary object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved vibratory apparatus of the type referred to in which the friction between the eccentrically positioned weight means and the surface which causes the weight means to travel in a circular path is substantially reduced. With reduced friction the wear on the weight means and the heat generated are corresponding- 1y less and these are other objects of the invention.

Another object of the invention is to provide vibratory apparatus of the type referred to in which the amplitude of vibration thereof can be varied easily and accurately.

Another object is to provide vibratory apparatus of the type referred to having eccentrically positioned weight means which cooperate quietly with the surface which restrains and causes the weight means to travel in a circular path.

Other objects will become apparent from the following Patented Aug. 7, 1956 detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawing which shows one embodiment of the invention.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through the longitudinal axis of a vibrating ball mill embodying the present invention; and

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on line II-II of Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 1, a vibratable body which is illus trated as a cylindrically shaped container 10 is shown suspended by cables 11 from a stationary overhead supporting structure 12. Resilient means such as springs 13 are provided between cables 11 and supporting structure 12 to allow container 10 to have a vibrational movement relative to supporting structure 12.

Container 10 has annularly shaped

end walls

14 and 15. Material inlet and

discharge openings

16 and 17 are provided at opposite ends of container 10. Also provided at opposite ends of container it) are coaxially arranged bearing housings 20 and 21 which are attached to

end walls

14 and 15 as by welding. Bearings 22 and 23, in which a shaft 24 is journaled, are mounted in bearing housings 20 and 21, the axis of shaft 24 being coincident with the longitudinal axis of container 10. Bearing housings 20 and 21 are provided with

outward walls

30 and 31 and

inward walls

32 and 33. Suitable sealing means 34, 35, 36 and 37 may be provided between shaft 24 and bearing housing walls 31 31, 32 and 33, re spectively.

Surrounding shaft 24 and extending between

container end walls

14 and 15 is a cylindricaly shaped casing or tube 40. As illustrated herein tube 40, in conjunction with bearing

housing walls

32 and 33, shaft 24 and sealing means 36 and 37, comprise casing means that defines a fluid tight chamber 41 which is coaxial relative to the axis of shaft 24.

An impeller 42 is disposed in chamber 41 and is attached as by keying to shaft 24 for rotation therewith. A predetermined quantity or mass of a liquid, which serves as an eccentrically positioned weight 43, is disposed in fluid tight chamber 41. Rotation of shaft 24 causes impeller 42 to impel the eccentrically positioned mass of liquid 43 in a circular path about the axis of shaft 24 within chamber 41. The centrifugal force acting on the mass of liquid 43 is transmitted radially through tube 40 to the vibratable container 10 and a vibratory motion is thereby imparted to container 10.

Impeller 42 may be of various shapes within the scope of the invention. As illustrated herein impeller 42 has a generally cylindrical shape with an axially extending trough or channel 44 formed in the external. surface there of. The liquid material 43 is disposed in the trough 44 and upon rotation of impeller 42 the liquid material 43 in trough 44 is caused to move in a circular path. The surface which defines trough 44 extends in a longitudinal direction into closely spaced relation to the

inner walls

32 and 33 of bearing housings 20 and 21. The leading and trailing surface portions of the surface which defines trough 44 extend in a generally radial direction into closely spaced relation to the inner surface of tube 40.

Impeller 42 may be balanced in a variety of Ways and as illustrated herein the impeller is balanced by the formation of an enclosed cavity 45 in impeller 42 which is positioned diametrically oposite trough 44. The balancing of impeller 42 prevents vibrational forces from being transmitted from shaft 24 to bearings 22 and 23.

Mercury, by virtue of its large specific gravity, is a very satisfactory liquid for use with the apparatus described because the space requirement for accommodating it in chamber 41 is correspondingly small.

The exact quantity of liquid to be used for a particular installation embodying the invention is of course dependent upon the amplitude of vibration desired. A particular advantage of the invention in this respect is that the amplitude. of vibration of the apparatus may bev varied easilyand accurately by changingthe quantityof liquid disposed in the trough 44 of impeller 42.

During operation of the mechanism the. centrifugal force. acting on the eccentrically disposed. mass of liquid 43 in trough 44 causes the liquid to be forced' radially outwardly so that there is no tendency for the liquid to escape through sealing means. 3.4, 35, 36 and 37 while impeller 42 is rotating. It is therefore contemplated that an. operative mechanism can be constructed in which the sealing means are. omitted.

A motor 50 mounted on a stationary support 51 is pro.-

vided for driving shaft 24 ofthe mill. As. the container of the mill is vibratable relative tornotor 50, a flexible coupling 52 is provided between shaft 53 of the motor and shaft 24 of the mill.

While only one embodiment of the invention is described and illustrated herein, it is to be understood other embodiments. and modifications of the invention may be made and used without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

It is claimed and desired totsecure by Letters Patent:

1. Vibrating apparatus comprising a vibratable body adapted to be resiliently mounted for vibrational movement relative to a stationary support, a cylinder attached to said vibratable body, bearing means operably attached to saidvibratable body, a rotatable shaft journled in said bearings, a shaft disposed coaxially within said cylinder and journaled in said bearings for rotation relative to said cylinder, means disposed Within said cylinder freely movable relative to said shaft and said cylinder, and an impeller disposed within said cylinder and attached to said shaftfor pushing said means around the. inner peripheral surface of said cylinder to impart a vibratory movement to said vibratable body.

2. Vibrating apparatus comprising a vibratable. body adapted to be resiliently mounted for vibrational movement relative to a stationary support, a cylinder attached to. said vibratable body, bearing means operably attached to said vibratable body, a rotatable shaft journaled in said bearings, a shaft being disposed coaxially within. said cylinder and journaled in said bearings for rotation relativ to said cylinder, a liquid material disposed in said cylinder, sealing means disposed between said cylinder and said shaft to confine said liquid within said cylinder, and an impeller disposed within said cylinder and at:

4 tached tovsaid shaft for pushing said liquid material around the inner peripheral surface of said cylinder to impart a vibratory movement to said vibratable body.

3. Vibrating apparatus comprising a vibratable body adapted to be resiliently mounted for vibrational movement relative to a stationary support, a cylinder attached to said vibratable body, bearing means operably attached tosaid vibratable body, a rotatable shaft journaled. in said bearings, a shaft disposed coaxially within said cylinder and journaled in said bearings for rotation relative to said cylinder, a portion of mercury disposed in said cylinder, sealing means disposed between said cylinder and said shaft to confine said mercury within said cylinder, and an impeller disposed within said cylinder and attached to said shaft for pushing said mercury around the inner peripheral surface of said cylinder to impart a vibratory movement to said vibratable body.

4. Vibrating apparatus comprising a vibratable body adapted to be resiliently mounted for vibrational; movement relative to a stationary support, a cylinder attached to said vibratable body, bearing means operably attached to said vibratable body, a rotatable shaft journled in said bearings, a shaft being disposed coaxially within said cylinder and journaled in said bearings for rotation relative to said cylinder, a liquid material disposed in said cylinder, sealing means disposed between said cylinder and. said shaft to enclose said cylinder and confine. said liquid within said cylinder, and an impeller disposedwithin said cylinder and attached to said shaft for pushing said liquid material around the inner peripheral surface of said cylinder to impart a vibratory movement to said vibratable body, said impeller having a surface portion for engaging said liquid material which extends radially and longitudinally of said shaft into closely spaced sealingrelation to the internal surfaces of said. enclosed cylinder.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,459,841 Mitchell .a June 26, 1 923 2,218,818 Stoltzfus Aug. 27, 19 2,292,275 Kiesskalt Aug. 4, 1942. 2,298,015 Lincoln Oct. 6, 1942 2,653,769 Hall Sept. 29; 195.3 2,703,490 Brueggman et al. Mar. 8, 5

FOREIGN PATENTS 45,711 Netherlands Apr. 16, 1939