US275085A - simmons - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

- J. P. SIMMONS & S. ADAMS.

MAGAZINE GUN.

No. 275,085. Patented Apr. 3, 1883.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. P. SIMMONS & S. ADAMS. MAGAZINE GUN.

No. 275,085. Patented Apr. 3,1883.

UNITED STATES PATENT JOHN P. SIMMONS, OF SAN FRANCISCO, AND SAMUEL ADAMS, OF ANTIOCH,

' CALIFORNIA.

MAGAZINE-GUN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 275,085, dated April 3, 1883.

Application filed January 10, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN P. SIMMoNs, of the city and county of San Francisco, and SAMUEL ADAMS, of Antioch, Contra Costa county, State of California, have invented a Magazine'Grun; and we hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

Our invention relates to certain improvements in breech-loading small-arms of that class known as magazine-guns, and it consists in an improved construction of the breech mechanism, so that the cartridge is taken from the magazine, and carried up and inserted into I 5 the barrel, the follower is locked when in place,

and the gun is cooked, all by a novel mechanism which will be more fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a longitudinal section,

showing the guard-lever thrown down and breech mechanism half open. Fig. 2 is a section with the guard-lever up and the breech mechanism closed. Fig. 3 is a side view of the same parts. Fig. 4 is a transverse section 2 of the chamber, showingthe grooves by which the breech-block is guided. Figs. 5, 6, and 7, Sheet 2, are perspective views of the breechblock in different positions. Fig. 9 is a view of the locking'arms. Fig. 10 is a view of the guard -lever, showing the formation of the head. Figs. ll and 12 are views of the carrier in diiferent positions. Fig. 13 is a view of the arm W. Fig. 14 shows the spring which engages with the rear end of the carrier to hold it up or down.

A is the barrel of arifle, having the magazine B fixed beneath it in the manner usual to this class of magazine-guns.

O is the stock, which is connected with the barrel by the intermediate breech-frame, D, within which the reciprocating follower or breech-block E moves to open or close the rear of the barrel. Below this follower is the carrier F, which is depressed to the level of the 4 5 magazine to receive the cartridge, and is elevated to the level of the barrel, so that the cartridge may be transferred from it to the barrel.

The construction and operation of the follower, the carrier-block, and a locking mech- 5o anism for the breech-block or follower, and

other details of construction, comprise my invention.

The breech-block or follower consists of a solid head, E, wide enough to fill the chamber in which it travels in the frame D and thick 5 enough to have a countersink, a, made at its front end, sufficiently large to receive the head or flange of a cartridge. Flanges G project slightly at each side of the breech-block, and fit into shallow grooves or channels H, formed in each side of the chamber D, within which it moves, so that it is guided in its forward and backward movements and is held firmly in place.

The shell-extractor I is fitted into the top of the breech-block, as shown. A bar or extension, J, extends backward from the breechblock, and through this the firing-pin K extends, its front end projecting through the countersink a, so that when the hammer falls upon its rear end it will discharge the cartridge in the usual manner. This extension J also acts,when the breech-block is withdrawn, to raise the hammer and cook the piece in the usual manner of this class of guns. The rear end of the breech-block, at each side of the cxtension J, forms shoulders L, which have an arc the radius of which is the locking-arms, to be described hereinafter. Below the breeclr block are the projecting points or lugs M, be- So tween which the end N of the operating-lever swings to move the breech-block forward or back. A pin, 1), passes through the breechblock near the bottom of one of the shoulders L, its i'routend projecting through the bottom 8 of the countersink a. This pin is pressed back by the flange of the cartridge-shell when the breech-block is moved forward, and presses the cartridge forward into the barrel. At the same time the hook at the front end of the 0 elastic shell'extractor passes over the flange of the shell and falls down in front of it, so that when the shell has been discharged the retraction of the breech-block reaches its farthest backward limit, the rear end of the pin 1) strikes a shoulder on the locking-arm, which forces itforward, and its front end forces the shell out of the chamber or countersink a and relieves it, so that itmay be tossed out.

The carrier F has its rear end formed as 100.

shown at 0, so as to fit into a corresponding socket in the rear of the chamber D, and this forms the pivot around which the front end moves,instead of the carrier-blocks moving vertically in a slot or channel which is fitted for it. This carrier is formed with two sides, as shown, each one extending back in the form of an elastic arm, P, and united rigidly with the cylindrical rear portion, 0, so that these side arms act as springs and cause the parts F to clasp the cartridge firmly while conveying it, but allow them to separate when the cartridge is to be forced into the barrel. A projecting lug, Q, a t-the lower side of the end is acted upon by a spring, It, within the stock of the gun, and this steadies the carrier'and holds it in position, when it is either up or down, until it is to be moved again. The sides P approach each other from the rear toward the front, and the end N of the lever T moves between these sides, the fulcrum-pin U being below it, so that when the lever is thrown forward this arm N moves back into the wider part of the space between the two arms, and thus allows the sides of the head]? to close upon the cartridge that has entered from the magazine, and hold it firmly while the carrier is moved up to a point opposite the barrel of the gun by the further movement of the lever. That part of the lever through which the fulcrum-pin U passes has a small lug, V, upon its lower side. An arm, is pivoted upon the samepin U, and has a projection, X, against which the lug V strikes after the cartridge is fixed in the carrier, and this raises the front end of the arm, which elevates the front of the carrier to bring the cartridge opposite the barrel. When the lever T is brought back to its position, ready forfirin g, the extensionN moves forward in the tapering space between the sides'P, so as to separate them, and thus release the cartridge, ready to be forced into the barrel by the follower.

Yare thelocking-arms, which hold thebreech block in place by having their forward ends forced up behind the shoulders L, before described, while the rear end, where the arms are united to form a solid semi-cylindrical portion, fits into a corresponding concave in the solid material of the frame. A lug or projection, Z, extends downward and forward from the rear portion, and is engaged by a notch, Z, in the curved back of the lever T just before thelatter is brought up against the stock, and after the breech-block has been forced forward, so as to close the barrel behind the cartridge. The last part of the movement of the lever throws the forward ends of the arms Y up behind the shoulders L of the breech-block, and thus locks the latter firmly in place. A sliding block, a, is fitted into a slot through the rear of the chamber D, and when the lever T is thrown down the first movement draws the arms Y down so as to release the breech-block. At the same time the rear portion of the lug Z, pressing against the front of the slide 0, causes it to press the hammer back from the end of the .firing-pin, and relieves the breech-block and its extension J from'its pressure. The principal value of this device is as a safeguard against the firing of a cartridge before the breech is fully closed. This is done by the pressure of the lug Z against the slide 0, which keeps it back, so that if the hammer acci dentally falls it will strike the end of the slide and not the firing-pin. As soon as the arms Y are thrown up to lock the breech-block the slide is releasedand the hammer may fall upon the firing-pin. A continuation of the movement of the lever causes the end N to enter between the lugs M beneath the breechblock and draw it back, the extension J forcing the hammer back to the position of fullcock. As the breech-block reaches its farthest rearward position the rear end of the small pin 1) strikes a shoulder, y, of the arm Y, and is thus forced forward,and its front end pushes the shell out, so that it may be thrown out, as previously described. During this part of the operation the carrier has been standing in line with .the magazine, and the sides were separated when the lever was closed and the end N forward, so that a cartridge from the magazinecouldenterit. Astheleveristhrown back the head of the shell is allowed to come back to the ends of the arms Y, which now stand in a line behind the magazine, and the sides F close upon it, so as to hold it firmly.

A continuation or" the movement brings the lug V upon the lower part of thelever against the lug X of the arm W, and this forces the:

carrier up to a point where the cartridge will stand in line with the barrel, ready to be forced in when the breech-block is moved forward by the reverse movement of the lever. This movement carries the arm N forward between the sides P, and spreads them so as to release the cartridge and allow it to be forced forward by the advancing breech-block, while at the same time the breech-block is moving over the inclined rear portion of the sides F of the carrier, and is thus forcing it down out of the way while pressing the cartridge into the barrel. When the breech-block has been forced against the rear of the barrel, so as to close the opening and seat the cartridge in the chamber, the notch Z in the curved head of the lever T engages the lug Z of the locking-arms Y and forces the latter up behind the shoulders L of the breech-block, so as to form a practically solid breech-block extending from the rear of the barrel to the rear of the chamber D, against the upper part of which the rear of the locking-block fits in a direct line with the shoulders L. As the arms Y are carried up behind the shoulders L the slide 0 is released, so that it may be moved forward, and the hammer will then be allowed to fall upon the firing-pin when it is desired to discharge the gun.

The sides of the carrier F are cut away toward the rear, so that the breech-block will ICO readily force it down when it moves forward, and the right side, which lies next to the springplate and opening through which the magaploy a finger-lever having a pin working in grooves in the breech-braces, and also to provide the finger'lever with a slotted projection which receives a pin on a lever connected by a link to the breech-pin base.

Having thus described our invention, what weclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In a breech-loading gun, the longitudinally-moving breech block E, having guides G, fitting corresponding grooves in the sides of the chamber D, and the shoulders L, in combination with the locking-arms Y, with the lug Z fitting the notch Z in the lever T, whereby the front ends of the arms may be thrown up behind the shoulders L to lock the block, or thrown down to release it, substantially as herein described.

2. In a magazine-gun, a split carrier pivoted in the receiver, the insides of its arms converging toward the front, and an operating-lever passing between the arms of the carrier and operating, when moved in one direction, to spring said arms apart to admit a cartridge from the magazine, and permitting them to spring together to hold the cartridge when moved in the opposite direction.

3. In combination with the carrier F, movable vertically about its hinged or pivoted rear end, as shown, the arm W, having at one end a concaved shoulder or lug, X, and its other end curved or turned up, the lever '1, having the arm N, and the lug V, at its pivotal point adapted to engage with the lug X upon the arm W, substantially asset forth.

4. In a breech-loading tire-arm, the longitudinally-sliding breech-block E, having the shoulders L, the locking arms Y, moving around the hinged rear end, the elastic-sided adjustable carrier F, also moving about a hinged rear end, the arm \V, and the guardlever T, with its circular head notched at Z, and having the lug V, all combined substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands.

JOHN P. SIMMONS. SAML. ADAMS.

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