US2745346A - Method of charging holes with explosives - Google Patents

Method of charging holes with explosives Download PDF

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Publication number
US2745346A
US2745346A US354174A US35417453A US2745346A US 2745346 A US2745346 A US 2745346A US 354174 A US354174 A US 354174A US 35417453 A US35417453 A US 35417453A US 2745346 A US2745346 A US 2745346A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tube
hole
explosive
blast
charging
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US354174A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert B Aitchison
Stanley B Kirk
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Union Carbide Corp
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Union Carbide and Carbon Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Union Carbide and Carbon Corp filed Critical Union Carbide and Carbon Corp
Priority to US354174A priority Critical patent/US2745346A/en
Priority to FR1099872D priority patent/FR1099872A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2745346A publication Critical patent/US2745346A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S102/00—Ammunition and explosives
    • Y10S102/705—Separated explosive constituents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for charging blast holes with explosives and, more particularly, to a method for charging bored or flame pierced blast holes with an explosive.
  • blast holes have been prepared by either drilling or rock piercing to depths greater than one hundred feet. These holes are then charged with conventional cartridges of explosive which are to be detonated in the hole. Certain difliculties are often encountered when this prior art method is employed. Seepage water has filled such holes to substantial depths. Fissures in the strata surrounding the hole have added to the difliculties. In the case of holes produced by flame piercing, additional difficulty may be encountered by virtue of the fact that the walls of the hole are not perfectly regular and could cause a temporary jamming of explosive cartridge in the hole thereby preventing their insertion to the bottom and forming an air pocket beneath and around the cartridge-should this condition be left uncorrected. In consequence, it is, therefore, often the practice to flame ream blast holes in loose blocky formation and, if the explosive is contained in a rigid container, to utilize a slightly smaller size than is ideal for the job. Such procedures reduce the efficiency of the blast.
  • an object of the present invention to ,provide a method of charging blast holes with explosives in such a manner that the effect of water seepage is obviated and the contour of the hole is of no consequence and has no effect on the charging of the hole.
  • Another object is to provide a method of charging blast holes, particularly flame pierced blast holes, so that the possibility of forming dead air pockets will be eliminated.
  • a further object is to provide a safer method for charging blast holes with explosives so that prior to or during introduction of the explosive into the hole, the danger of a premature explosion is greatly minimized.
  • a still further object is to provide a method suitable for deck loading and expanded section loading of blast holes so that the full efliciency of the explosive may be realized and the explosive charge may be placed in rock strata where it will be most advantageous.
  • Fig. l is a vertical sectional view through a rock pierced blast hole
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through a rock pierced blast hole which has been expanded at the base;
  • Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a rock pierced blast hole which has been expanded at predetermined locations to provide for deck loading of the explosive charge;
  • Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a rock pierced blast hole, as shown in Fig. 1, showing one embodiment of the invention in which an end-weighted collapsed expansible impervious tube is being lowered into the hole;
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the blast hole of Fig. 4 showing the inflation of the tube.
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the blast hole of Fig. 4
  • a thin, elongated, collapsed, inflatable, expansible, impervious tube of suitable length is lowered into the blast hole to any predetermined depth.
  • the end of this tube is, of necessity, closed off and, preferably, weighted to facilitate lowering the tube into the hole.
  • the collapsed tube may be provided in roll form for ease of handling and lowering.
  • the tube When the tube has been lowered to the proper depth within the hole it is severed from the roll and attached to a suitable supply of gas.
  • the gas serves to inflate and expand the collapsed tube thereby causing it to contact and cling securely to the side walls of the blast hole. Thereupon, the tube is securely closed oif at the surface and removed from the gas supply. The loose neck is then hooked up to a dispenser capable of dispensing a free flowing explosive into the inflated tube.
  • the inflating gas is displaced from the tube and is discharged to the atmosphere through valves provided in the dispenser.
  • the only special characteristic required of the explosive charge is that it be free flowing at the operating temperature.
  • One type of explosive charge especially adaptable to the method of the present invention is that type commonly referred to as liquid oxygen explosive.
  • This explosive consists of carbon soaked with liquid oxygen.
  • a liquid oxygen explosive be employed which is freely flowable at the operating temperature (about -183 C.).
  • the collapsed, inflatable impervious tube of the present invention may be inflated with any gas that is not reactive with the explosive charge to be dispensed therein.
  • the inflating gas employed in addition to being itself non-reactive with the elements of the explosive, is additionally bone dry and oil free. Gases such as nitrogen fulfill all of these requirements, while gases such as compressed air, without treatment, are moist and oily and, as such, in the presence of liquid oxygen may cause preignition in the hole.
  • the procedure which is followed when the desired amount of free flowing explosive is dispensed into the tube is to allow the gas to freely discharge from the tube to the atmosphere. Then, suitable ignition means is positioned in desirable proximity to the charge and the unfilled portion of the blast hole may be filled with loose and otherwise suitable stemming.
  • the present invention is especially important in its applicability to charging blast holes which have been sprung, or chambered, to increased diameters.
  • the hole 3 shown in Fig. 2 has been sprung at its base to produce a wider diameter to accommodate a larger charge of explosive.
  • the blast hole shown in Fig. 3 has been sprung, or chambered, in two places to accommodate what is known as a deck loaded explosive charge.
  • an inflatable tube In charging a blast hole, such as shown in Pig. 3, with conventional explosive charge, an inflatable tube would be lowered to the bottom of the hole and the procedure described hereinabove followed until the lower deck is properly charged with explosive and suitable detonating means. The portion of the hole between the lower deck and the upper deck is then filled with charge, or with stemming, and the method of the present invention is then repeated to charge the upper deck of the blast hole with explosive. in this manner the bulk of explosive charge can be placed, wherever desired, in such quantity as is necessary, thereby obtaining the utmost efliciency "from the explosive charge.
  • a blast hole having more than one chambered portion of increased diameter may be charged by inserting a first collapsed inflatable expansible tube of substantially impervious material to the bottom, inflating said tube and introducing explosive until the hole is charged to the upper end of the first (lower) enlarged diameterportion whereupon the first tube is deflated and the hole is stemmed up to the next portion of increased diameter whereupon a second tube is inserted, expanded and charged up to the top of that portion and then deflated.
  • This procedure may be repeated for each. chambered portion, using a separate tube for each charging.
  • the dispenser employed in the practice of the present invention is very simple in construction when a conventional free flowing explosive charge is to be dispensed.
  • the gravity feed principle may be employed and provision is made for the discharge of the displaced inflating gas through valves at the top of the dispenser.
  • the dispenser When a liquid oxygenated carbon explosive'is to be employed, the dispenser is combined with a soaking box for soaking the pelleted carbon in liquid oxygen.
  • a soaking box-dispenser should preferably be contained in a properly heat-insulated container to reduce evaporation losses.
  • a method of charging a blast hole with explosive comprising inserting an elongated'collapsed inflatable ex pansible tube of substantially imperviou material into said hole, inflating said tube into contact with the side walls of such hole, and then introducing a free flowing explosive into said inflated tube.
  • said inflatable expansible tube of impervious material is a polyethylene tube.
  • a method of charging a blast hole with explosive comprising inserting into said hole to the bottom thereof an elongated collapsed inflatable expansible tube of substantially impervious material having its lower end closed off and weighted, inflating said tube into contact with the side walls of said hole, and then introducing a free flowing explosive into said inflated tube.
  • said inflatable expansible tube of substantially impervious material is a polyethylene tube.
  • a method of charging a blast hole with explosive comprising inserting into said hole to the bottom thereof an elongated collapsed inflatable expansible tube of sub stantially impervious material having its lower end closed ofl and weighted, inflating said tube into contact with the side walls of said hole by introducing an inert gas into said tube, and introducing a free flowing explosive mixture into said inflated tube thereby concurrently displacing said inert gas from said tube.
  • said inflatable expansible tube of substantially impervious material is a polyethylene tube.
  • a method of charging a blast hole with explosive comprising inserting into said hole to the bottom thereof an elongated collapsed inflatable expansible tube of substantially impervious material having its lower end closed ofl and weighted, inflating said tube into contact with the side walls of said hole by introducing an inert gas into said tube preparing liquid'oxygen-soaked carbon pellets near the top'of said hole, and dispensing a quantity of said. liquid oxygen-soaked carbon into said inflated tube while concurrently displacing said inert gas from said inflated tube.
  • a method of charging a blast hole having more than one chambered portion of increased diameter comprising the steps of inserting into said hole to the bottom thereof a first elongated collapsed inflatable expansible tube ofsubstantially impervious material having its lower end closed off and weighted; inflating said first tube into contact with the side walls of said hole; introducing a free flowing explosive at atmospheric temperature and pressure into said first inflated tube until said hole is charged up to approximately the upper end of the first encountered increased diameter portion; deflating the uncharged portion of said first inflated tube and inserting suitable means for igniting said charge; providing suitable stemming in said hole between said first charge and the lower end of the second encountered increased diameter portion of said hole; inserting into said hole to approximately said lower end of said second encountered increased diameter portion a second elongated collapsed inflatable expansible tube of substantially impervious material having its lower end closed off and weighted; inflating said second tube into contact with the side walls of said hole, including said'second encountered increased diameter portion; introducing a free flowing explosive at atmospheric temperatures
  • said inflatable expansible tube of substantially impervious material is a polyethylene tube.
  • a method of charging a blast hole having .more than one chambered portion of increased diameter comprising the steps of inserting into said hole to the bottom thereof a first elongated collapsed inflatable expansible tube of substantially impervious material having its lower end closed OE and weighted; inflating said first tube into contact with the side walls of said hole; introducing a free flowing liquid oxygenated carbon explosive into said first inflated tube until said hole is charged up to approximately the upper end of the first encountered increased diameter portion; inserting ignition means in suitable proximity to said charge; providing suitable stemming in said hole between said first charge and approximately the lower-end of the second encountered increased diameter portion; introducing a further amount of free flowing .liquid 16.
  • said inflatable expansible tube of substantially impervious material is a polyethylene tube.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
US354174A 1953-05-11 1953-05-11 Method of charging holes with explosives Expired - Lifetime US2745346A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US354174A US2745346A (en) 1953-05-11 1953-05-11 Method of charging holes with explosives
FR1099872D FR1099872A (fr) 1953-05-11 1954-05-05 Procédé de chargement de trous en explosifs

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US354174A US2745346A (en) 1953-05-11 1953-05-11 Method of charging holes with explosives

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US2745346A true US2745346A (en) 1956-05-15

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FR (1) FR1099872A (fr)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2879149A (en) * 1955-07-15 1959-03-24 Brown Frederick Winfield Explosives
US2886424A (en) * 1954-08-04 1959-05-12 Jr Andrew Hyslop Explosive compositions and method of preparing them
US2911046A (en) * 1956-07-05 1959-11-03 William J Yahn Method of increasing production of oil, gas and other wells
US2930276A (en) * 1955-07-27 1960-03-29 Union Carbide Corp Charging blast holes with explosive
US2955534A (en) * 1955-07-27 1960-10-11 Ici Ltd Blasting methods and materials
DE1095180B (de) * 1958-01-13 1960-12-15 Union Carbide Corp Ladeschlauchkombination
US3005373A (en) * 1958-02-06 1961-10-24 United States Steel Corp Vehicle mounted dispenser for charging explosive mixtures in blast holes
US3024727A (en) * 1958-10-13 1962-03-13 Dow Chemical Co Area detonation
US3035519A (en) * 1957-09-16 1962-05-22 Atlas Chem Ind Liquid oxygen explosive composition process and apparatus
US3075464A (en) * 1959-03-20 1963-01-29 Reserve Mining Co Blast hole charge and charging method
US3083778A (en) * 1960-05-26 1963-04-02 Jersey Prod Res Co Rotary drilling of wells using explosives
US3199399A (en) * 1963-05-17 1965-08-10 Phillips Petroleum Co Shot hole loading device
US3696703A (en) * 1969-08-22 1972-10-10 Ici Australia Ltd Blasting agent package
US3942606A (en) * 1973-07-05 1976-03-09 Western Geophysical Company Of America Method of land seismic exploration using flexible tubes
US4040330A (en) * 1974-12-30 1977-08-09 Nils Denny Matzen Method of charging drill holes and means for carrying out the method
US4522125A (en) * 1983-06-09 1985-06-11 C-I-L Inc. Charging large diameter vertical boreholes
US4572075A (en) * 1984-03-21 1986-02-25 Mining Services International Corporation Methods and apparatus for loading a borehole with explosives
US20050066836A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2005-03-31 Yigal Levi Method for controlling explosions in open mines
US20090145322A1 (en) * 2006-12-07 2009-06-11 Dave Howerton Blast hole liner
WO2009147642A2 (fr) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-10 Maxam Dantex South Africa (Proprietary) Limited Procédé et appareil pour charger un trou orienté vers le haut avec un matériau apte à être pompé
WO2013082731A1 (fr) * 2011-12-07 2013-06-13 Bang & Clean Gmbh Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage d'installations de combustion
US9207055B2 (en) 2013-02-07 2015-12-08 Dyno Nobel Inc. Systems for delivering explosives and methods related thereto

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US371298A (en) * 1887-10-11 Method of blasting earth
GB189718929A (en) * 1897-08-16 1898-07-16 Linde Eismachinen New Explosive Compound.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US371298A (en) * 1887-10-11 Method of blasting earth
GB189718929A (en) * 1897-08-16 1898-07-16 Linde Eismachinen New Explosive Compound.

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2886424A (en) * 1954-08-04 1959-05-12 Jr Andrew Hyslop Explosive compositions and method of preparing them
US2879149A (en) * 1955-07-15 1959-03-24 Brown Frederick Winfield Explosives
US2930276A (en) * 1955-07-27 1960-03-29 Union Carbide Corp Charging blast holes with explosive
US2955534A (en) * 1955-07-27 1960-10-11 Ici Ltd Blasting methods and materials
US2911046A (en) * 1956-07-05 1959-11-03 William J Yahn Method of increasing production of oil, gas and other wells
US3035519A (en) * 1957-09-16 1962-05-22 Atlas Chem Ind Liquid oxygen explosive composition process and apparatus
DE1095180B (de) * 1958-01-13 1960-12-15 Union Carbide Corp Ladeschlauchkombination
US3064572A (en) * 1958-01-13 1962-11-20 Union Carbide Corp Method of and means for providing a charge of water sensitive explosive in a blast hole
US3005373A (en) * 1958-02-06 1961-10-24 United States Steel Corp Vehicle mounted dispenser for charging explosive mixtures in blast holes
US3024727A (en) * 1958-10-13 1962-03-13 Dow Chemical Co Area detonation
US3075464A (en) * 1959-03-20 1963-01-29 Reserve Mining Co Blast hole charge and charging method
US3083778A (en) * 1960-05-26 1963-04-02 Jersey Prod Res Co Rotary drilling of wells using explosives
US3199399A (en) * 1963-05-17 1965-08-10 Phillips Petroleum Co Shot hole loading device
US3696703A (en) * 1969-08-22 1972-10-10 Ici Australia Ltd Blasting agent package
US3942606A (en) * 1973-07-05 1976-03-09 Western Geophysical Company Of America Method of land seismic exploration using flexible tubes
US4040330A (en) * 1974-12-30 1977-08-09 Nils Denny Matzen Method of charging drill holes and means for carrying out the method
US4522125A (en) * 1983-06-09 1985-06-11 C-I-L Inc. Charging large diameter vertical boreholes
US4572075A (en) * 1984-03-21 1986-02-25 Mining Services International Corporation Methods and apparatus for loading a borehole with explosives
US20050066836A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2005-03-31 Yigal Levi Method for controlling explosions in open mines
US20090145322A1 (en) * 2006-12-07 2009-06-11 Dave Howerton Blast hole liner
US7950328B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2011-05-31 Dave Howerton Blast hole liner
AP3381A (en) * 2008-06-05 2015-07-31 Maxam Dantex South Africa Propiertary Ltd Method and apparatus for charging an upwardly oriented hole with a pumpable
WO2009147642A2 (fr) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-10 Maxam Dantex South Africa (Proprietary) Limited Procédé et appareil pour charger un trou orienté vers le haut avec un matériau apte à être pompé
WO2009147642A3 (fr) * 2008-06-05 2010-01-28 Maxam Dantex South Africa (Proprietary) Limited Procédé et appareil pour charger un trou orienté vers le haut avec un matériau apte à être pompé
US20110297030A1 (en) * 2008-06-05 2011-12-08 Maxam Dantex South Africa (Proprietary) Limited Method and Apparatus for Charging an Upwardly Oriented Hole With a Pumpable Material
US8381653B2 (en) * 2008-06-05 2013-02-26 Maxam Dantex South Africa (Propietary) Limited Method and apparatus for charging an upwardly oriented hole with a pumpable material
EA018208B1 (ru) * 2008-06-05 2013-06-28 Максам Дантекс Саут Эфрика (Пропрайэтри) Лимитед Способ и устройство для загрузки направленных вверх шпуров поддающимся насосной перекачке материалом
CN102047069B (zh) * 2008-06-05 2014-03-05 马克萨姆丹特克斯南非(私人)有限公司 用于以可泵送材料填充向上定向的孔眼的方法和装置
WO2013082731A1 (fr) * 2011-12-07 2013-06-13 Bang & Clean Gmbh Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage d'installations de combustion
US9207055B2 (en) 2013-02-07 2015-12-08 Dyno Nobel Inc. Systems for delivering explosives and methods related thereto
US9435625B2 (en) 2013-02-07 2016-09-06 Dyno Nobel Inc. Systems for delivering explosives and methods related thereto
US9638505B2 (en) 2013-02-07 2017-05-02 Dyno Nobel, Inc. Systems for delivering explosives and methods related thereto
US10495432B2 (en) 2013-02-07 2019-12-03 Dyno Nobel Inc. Systems for delivering explosives and methods related thereto
US11346642B2 (en) 2013-02-07 2022-05-31 Dyno Nobel Inc. Systems for delivering explosives and methods related thereto
US12038265B2 (en) 2013-02-07 2024-07-16 Dyno Nobel Inc. Systems for delivering explosives and methods related thereto

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1099872A (fr) 1955-09-12

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