US2741237A - Top cylinder vapor lubricator - Google Patents

Description

April 10, 1956 D HARVEY 2,741,237

TOP CYLINDER VAPOR LUBRICATOR Filed Jan. 27, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet l IN VEN TOR.

ATTORNEY April 0, 1956 D. M. HARVEY 2,741,237

TOP CYLINDER VAPOR LUBRICATOR Filed Jan. 27, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. IO

ATTORNEY April 10, 1956 D. M. HARVEY 2,741,237

TOP CYLINDER VAPOR LUBRICATOR Filed Jan. 27, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 IN V EN TOR.

ATTORN EY United States Patent TOP CYLINDER VAPOR LUBRICATOR Draper M. Harvey, Hinghain, Mass assign'or to Automotive & Marine Products Corporation, a corporatien of Massachusetts Application January27, 1951-, Serial No. 208,197

3 Claims. (Cl. 123-195) toarrangements for introduction of an oil spray into the engine manifold.

The principal object of the invention is to inject a finely atomized oil spray to coinmingle and be dispersed in an inflowing fuel charge.

Another object of the invention is to inject the finely atomized oil spray into the manifold in the form of a rotating cone.

A further object of the invention is to vaporize and disperse the oil into a stream of carrier air at a point closely adjacent the point of injection into the manifold.

An additional object of the invention is to reduce fractional cracking of an inflowing fuel charge by coating the particles thereof with lubricant.

With the above and other objects and advantageous features in view, the invention consists of a novel method and a novel apparatus more fully disclosed in the detailed description following in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and more specifically defined in the claims appended thereto.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an illustrative bracket plate embodying the invention; 7

Fig. 2 is a section of the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 -3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 isa section oh the line 4: 4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a plan View of the whirl element of Fig. .4;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged end view .of the bracket plate ,at the injection opening;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 2 of an illustrative multiple bracket plate construction;

Fig. 8 is .a sectional view of an adjustable nozzle connection;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a modified construction of the bracket plate.

Fig. 10 is anenlarg'ed view of the bracket plate piston of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a plan view, partly in section of a modified bracket plate 'constructiom-and Fig. 12 is a sectional view of a modified bracket nozzle arrangement.

It has been found desirable to disperse top cylinder lubricating oil intoan infiowing fuel charge for an automotive engine in finely atomized form, and in a spray pattern which does not deflect the fuel charge flow path, to commingle with and be thoroughly dispersed in the fuel charge, whereby the fuel particles become surface plate oil-coated. To this end, I provide a bracket plate construction which vaporizes and atomizes top cylinder oil or oil-air mixture, and injects the fine vapor through a dispersing nozzle into thepath ofthe fuel charge in the form of a expanding cone, the parts being ar- 2,741,237 Patented Apr. 10., 1956 2 ranged to eliminate oil drop formation and resulting formation of deposits and sludge on the injection nozzle.

Referring to the drawings, the bracket plate 10 is shaped to correspond to an engine manifold, and includes a plate body 11 having bolt openings 12 and a central opening 13 which forms part of the fuel charge path wh'enthe bracket plate is installed. An integral extension 14 is internally threaded to receive a hipple 15 which has 'a threaded terminal 16 for receiving the end of an oil and air mixture conduit 17, by means of a lock nut 18 and a bpred spreader 19.

The nipple 15 has a fluid passage 20 for conveying an oil-air mixture to a cylindrical whirl chamber 21, in which a mixture whirl device 22 is mounted. The preferred whirl device is in the form of a cylinder having double helical flow channels 23, 24 extending peripherally more than 360 degrees, see Fig. 5 one of these flow channels having aninlet 25, see Fig. 4, which is relatively shallow and near the surface, and the other channel having an inlet 26 which is deeper as illustrated.

The helical channels impart a high whirling rotational velocity to the air and oil mixture which is subject to centrifugal separation and is then remixed as it whirls through the nozzle outlet, which is in the wall of an inje'cting nozzle 27 and into the central opening 13, to exit in the form of a whirling expanding cone extending directly across the path of the fuel charge. The thoroughly atomized oil commingles with the fuel charge without deflecting the charge, and the fuel particles become coated with a very fine oil Surface film, whereby cracking and separation of the fuel ingredients are greatly reduced.

The nozzle injection end of the bracket plate around the nozzle 27 is preferably spirally grooved, as indicated at 28 in'Fi'g. 6, whereby collection of oil in drops and accumulation of deposits around the nozzle are eliminated, as the whirling motion of the oil and air spins any oil particles or drops out into the charge stream.

The above bracket plate construction thus includes a flow passage which receives an air and an oil stream, separates the air and oil in a whirl device, and rmix'estfie air and oil to atomize the. oil and to project theinixture out of an injecting nozzle in the form of a whirling conical spray. The whirl device may be fixed in the bracket plate mixing chamber, or may be loosely mounted .to rotate if desired.

The bracket plate e f-Fig. l is designed for manifolds of the Chevrolet, Plymouth, and Pontiac type. For larger engines of the Buick, Cadillac, and Lincoln type it is preferred to use a bracket plate ,of double throat type, such as illustrated in Fig. 7. In this construction the bracket plate 29 has two openings 30, 31, arid two chambers 32, 33 which receive air and oil, or'air' and oil mixture, each chamber having a whirl device 34 and a mixture injecting nozzle 35, whereby two spirally whirling conical oil sprays are injected into the fuel charge.

When the engine construction is such that use .of a standard type bracket plate is precluded, it is desirable to provide an elongated connection which may be adjusted in length to be mounted in the bracket plate or which, for some engine constructions, may bev slidably mounted in a nipple connection for extending into the manifold. A preferred construction for such installations is' illustrated in Fig. 8, wherein a grip lock arrangement 36 is mounted to slidably grip an elongated nozzle element 37. The nozzle element 37 has an enlarged threaded end 38 to be connected to a supply conduit for oil and air mixture, the mixture traversing a central passageway 39 to an injection nozzle 40; a whirl device 41-, preferablyhaying double helical threads ,42, is positioned in the passageway 39 adjacentthe nozzle .51 0 whereby hepil and air mixture whirls to separate and remix, and fornisa whirling oil vapor stream as it exits from the nozzle.

whereby thenozzle element is firmly gripped when the compression sleeve 48 is threaded into the shell 43. The nozzle element should be mounted so that the nozzle is flush with the bracket plate flow opening 49, as the outflowing oil and air spray then traverses the charge in i the form of a whirling hollow cone.

I The bracket plate and its associated parts may be modified to maintain a constant'injection pressure for an oilair spray, or to provide mixture air for an oil supply so as to produce a fully vaporized injection mixture. As illustrated in Fig. 9, thebracket plate 50 has a chamber '51 at its intake end, which is internally threaded to receive a supply nipple 52. The chamber 51 has a bore 53 in which a piston 54 is slidablymounted and an enlarged recess 55 in which an extension 56 of the piston is positioned; the piston and its extension, which is of elongated tapered form, have a longitudinal bore 57 for passage of fluid such as air and oil mixture, or oil.-

i; The extension 56 is threaded to adjustably receive a 'spring abutment washer 58 and a coil spring 59 engages the washer and an outer wall 60 of the enlarged recess 55 in the chamber 51, the recess 55 then tapering as illustrated to provide an injection nozzle 61 iritowhich the forward end of the extension 56 extends in spaced relation to the walls of the nozzle 61.

'plate and its threaded connection to the upper wall of the recess 55 having a fiow passage 69. Air is admitted through an annular filter ring encircling the shell 65, the ring 70 being held in place by a cap 71 which has a threaded stud 72 threaded into the upper portion ofthe f shell 65, which has a transverse passage 73 communicating with the flow passage 66. The admission of'air under regulated pressure establishes a pressure diflerential for the injected air-oil mixture.

When an oil-air mixture is supplied to the chamber '51 at the intake end of the bracket plate, it is drawn through the bore 57 and receives additional filtered air .through the air flow unit62, the additional air'enveloping the oil-air mixture to thoroughly mix and atomize the oilair mixture, whereby a finely divided atomized oil spray discharges from the nozzle 61. Whenoil or oil vapor or spray is supplied to the chamber 51, filtered air is drawn in through the air flow unit to envelop the oil stream and thoroughly rnix and vaporize the oil,

whereby a finely dispersed air-oil stream enters the manifold from the nozzle 61.

The piston 54 has V-shaped grooves 74, see Fig. 10, which collect and retain oil, to provide an effective oil seal; when back pressure increases the piston 54 is pressed back to slightlyincrease the pressure of the oil or oil-air mixture. v

A construction found suitable for a double throat type bracket plate is illustrated in Fig. 11, wherein the bracket plate 75 has two passages 76 for the fuel charge. Two bosses 77 on the plate are internally threaded to receive nipples 78 and have chambers 79 in which whirls 80, preferably of the double threaded type, are positioned to receive oil and air mixture and to whirl the oil and air for passage to conical nozzles 81 which lead into the passages 76.

The nipples 78 each have a central bore 82, internally threaded at its bracket end to adjustably receive a disk 83 which has a central standard 84 provided with a flow passage 85. -A piston 86 is seated in the outer end of the bore 82, and is annularly recessed to receive a coil spring 87 which abuts against a washer, 88, adjustably threaded into the forward part of the central bore 82. The piston 86 has a central extension 89 which is a tapered to extend towards the flow passage 85, and the piston has a central passage 90 and a, cross. passage 91 whereby flow of oil-air mixture from the inlet part 9.2

of the nipple through the flow passages and to the whirl 80 and the nozzle 81 is facilitated. The piston 86 may, if desired, be provided with V-shaped surface grooves to collect an oil seal.

When desired, the bracket plate may have a special nozzle formation to impart a whirling intermingling of oil and air, or oil-air mixture and additional air. To this end, the bracket plate 93, see Fig. 12, has an inlet opening 94 to receive the threaded end of a fitting 95,

and a conical nozzle 96 to receive oil-air mixture from the fitting for injection into the fuel chargepassage opening 97. a. a

The fitting 95 includes an air supply part 98 which has a threaded bore 99 and an aligned air flow passage 100 leading to the nozzle 96; an air inlet passage 101 is threaded to'receive a filter cap or a ball check 'valve supply unit of the type shown in Fig. 9. An oil or oilair supply unit 102 has its forward end 103 threaded to seat in the bore 99 and its rear end 104 internally threaded to receive a supply nipple 105.

The supply unit 102 has a chamber 106 in which a whirl 107 of the type previously described is mounted, and a forward extension 108 which extends into the air fiowpassage 100, the unit being shaped as a nozzle 109 to receive air and oil from the whirl'and to project the mixture through the nozzle 109 into the-annular stream of air around the extension 108, whereby a thorough mixing is effected, to be again projected outwardly through the'nozzle 96.

Although I have disclosed specific structional embodiments of my invention, it is obvious that changes in the size, shape and arrangement of the parts maybe made to suit difierent automotive engine requirements, without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim: 1. A bracket plate construction for an engine manifold, comprising a plate body having a central fuel flow opening, a tubular extension integral'with the plate body and threaded at its outer end to receive an oil-air mixture conduit, said extension and plate body being bored to provide a cylindrical whirl chamber and a conicalinjecting nozzle having its outlet in the central fuel opening,

and a cylindrical whirl device in said chamber having peripheral helical flow channel means extendingfthriou'gh at least 360 degrees, whereby the nozzle receives ,air and oil at high whirling rotational velocity and discharges the air and oil as an expanding whirling cone across the.

path of the inflowing fuel charge. 7 w

2. In the combination of claim 1, the wall of the fuel 4 flow opening around the nozzle outlet being spirally grooved.

3. In the combination of claim 1, said peripheral flow channel means including double helical flow channels.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS (Other references'on following page) 5 6 UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,428,915 Keller Oct. 14, 1947 309 59 Parker July 3 1919 2,457,339 f y 28, 1948 51 5 smith Oct. 23 924 2,549,593 Hams APR 17, 1951 1,827,583 James Oct. 13, 193} 5 FOREIGN PATENTS 1 33%; 2235: g i 13;; 562,908 Great Britain July 20, 1944 2,027,954 Barclay Jan. 14, 1936 France 1938 2,112,538 Lou Man 29, 1938 8 38 France y 21, 1941

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