US2740273A - Control mechanism for automatically timing the fuel injection by an injection pump of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Control mechanism for automatically timing the fuel injection by an injection pump of an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- US2740273A US2740273A US292376A US29237652A US2740273A US 2740273 A US2740273 A US 2740273A US 292376 A US292376 A US 292376A US 29237652 A US29237652 A US 29237652A US 2740273 A US2740273 A US 2740273A
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- members
- centrifugal
- injection
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D1/00—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
- F02D1/16—Adjustment of injection timing
- F02D1/162—Adjustment of injection timing by mechanical means dependent on engine speed for angular adjustment of driving and driven shafts
Definitions
- This invention relates to control means for internal combustion engines and, more particularly, concerns a device by which the timing for the fuel injection by the injection pump is automatically effected in accordance with the speed of rotation by the variation of the angular position between the driving and the driven shaft.
- the change in the angular position between the driving shaft and the driven shaft is effected by means of a row of members slidably arranged between guiding elements connected to said shafts.
- This row of members consists of radially movable centrifugal masses or bodies and intermediate members cooperating therewith in a wedge-like manner.
- the row of members consists of two equally spring loaded centrifugal bodies of the same size which are separated from each other by a wedge-like intermediate member.
- these two centrifugal bodies due to their radial movement, bring about an adjustment between the driving and the driven shaft.
- the power connection or power flow between these two shafts is maintained by means of a row of elements of equal dimennited States Patent sions which are diametrically opposite said row of members.
- These members cooperate in a wedge-like manner so that, when a change in the speed of rotation occurs, the row shortens or lengthens to the same extent as the adjusting angle increases or decreases.
- the adjustment is carried out with relatively great friction losses.
- Fig. 2 shows the operative connection between the said control mechanism and the injection pump to be controlled.
- the driving and the driven shafts rest against each other through an elastic or yielding member.
- the centrifugal bodies are spring loaded.
- the elastic support of the two shafts against each other in connection with a row of members consisting of spring loaded centrifugal bodies has the great advantage that, due to the advancing of the injection pump shaft following the injection, the sliding surface of this shaft can space itself from the row of members so that the centrifugal bodies become free and can move nearly by themselves in conformity with the centrifugal force acting thereupon. Nevertheless, particularly in view of the thrust of the springs acting upon the centrifugal bodies, there will always result a stable equilibrium for the said centrifugal bodies.
- the centrifugal bodies may be dimensioned as to weight or shape, and also the springs acting thereupon may be so dimensioned that, when a change in the speed of rota-' tion occurs and as a result thereof the centrifugal bodies move, the latter will differently vary the total adjusting stroke of the row of members. In this way, a predetermined ratio can be obtained between the adjusting angle and the change in the speed of rotation. It is preferable to dimension the centrifugal bodies and the springs acting thereupon in such a manner that the adjusting angle will vary linearly or nearly linearly in conformity with a change in the speed of rotation. According to a particularly simple manner, the centrifugal bodies may be identical as to shape and weight, whereas the springs acting thereupon may be differently dimensioned so that, with increasing speed of rotation, one centrifugal body after the other will become effective.
- the structure shown therein comprises an outer annular or ring member 1 which is connected with the driving shaft 2 shown in Fig. 2.
- a driven shaft 2 extends concentrically into ring 1.
- Shaft 2' is provided with an outwardly extending extension member 3 and rests against ring 1 through said extension member 3 and a spring 4 and through a radially inwardly extending extension member 5 of ring 1.
- Those sides of the extension members 3 and S which are remote from the spring 4 slope toward the shaft 2' and spring 4.
- a row of members which consist of radially movable centrifugal bodies 8, 9, 10 and 11 and intermediate members 12, 13 and 14 cooperating in a wedge-like manner with said centrifugal bodies 8, 9, 10 and 11.
- the centrifugal bodies are acted upon by radially inwardly acting springs 15, 16, 17 and 18.
- the centrifugal bodies and the intermediate members cooperate in a wedge-like manner in such a way that, when the centrifugal bodies move outwardly, the total longitudinal extension of the row of members increases.
- the intermediate members 12 and 14 are provided along their sloping surfaces with sliding shoes 19 which are provided with a semi-circular surface by means of which they are resting in said intermediate members in a self-aligning manner.
- the intermediate members 12, 13 and 14 are inserted in ring 1 in such a manner that they can slide along the inner peripheral area of ring 1.
- the centrifugal bodies are equally dimensioned as to shape and weight.
- the operation of the device is as follows: it may be assumed that the device is at a standstill and that now the speed of rotation begins to increase to such an extent that the centrifugal bodies 8 to 11 move outwardly. As a result thereof, the total length of the row of members lengthens and the relative rotational angle adjustment between the driving and the driven shaft changes against the thrust of the spring 4. Inasmuch as with identical centrifugal bodies and identical loading springs, the angle adjustment in conformity with the speed of rotation would change parabolically in an undesired manner, the springs are difierently dimensioned. More specifically, the springs are so dimensioned that the course or graph indicating the ratio between the change in the angle and the speed of rotation is represented by four nearly linearly extending successive parabolic sections.
- intermediate members 12 and 14 are porous material, for instance, sinter material. This has the advantage that these parts fill themselves with oil and thus assure a sufficient lubrication of the sliding shoes 19 which oscillate only slightly.
- a device for automatically adjusting the timing for the injection of fuel by the injection pump of an internal combustion engine which comprises in combination: a driving shaft provided with annular means having radially inwardly extending extension means, a driven shaft having radially outwardly extending extension means within said annular means and near said first-mentioned extension means, said first-mentioned extension means and said second-mentioned extension means being respectively provided with a sloping guiding surface at those ends of said first-mentioned and second-mentioned extension means which are remote from each other, a row of radially movable centrifugal members arranged between said guiding surfaces and provided with outwardly tapering surfaces, said sloping guiding surfaces respectively being parallel to the adjacent tapering surfaces of the respective adjacent centrifugal members, intermediate members respectively interposed between each two adjacent centrifugal members for cooperation with the adjacent tapering surfaces thereof, a first coil spring interposed between adjacent ends of said first-mentioned and second-mentioned extension means and representing
- a device for automatically adjusting the timing for the injection of fuel by the injection pump of an internal combustion engine which comprises in combination: a driving shaft provided with annular means having first extension means extending inwardly from said annular means, a driven shaft having second extension means within said annular means and near said first extension means, said first extension means and said second exten' sion means being respectively provided with a sloping guiding surface at those ends of said first and second extension means which are remote from each other, a row of radially movable centrifugal members arranged between said guiding surfaces and provided with outwardly tapering surfaces, said sloping guiding surfaces respectively being parallel to the adjacent tapering surfaces of the respective adjacent centrifugal members, intermediate members provided with lubricant-storing pores and respectively interposed between each two adjacent centrifugal members for cooperation with the adjacent tapering surfaces thereof, a first spring interposed between adjacent ends of said first and second extension means and representing an elastic driving power conveying means between said driving shaft and said driven shaft, and second springs spaced from said adjacent ends of said
- a device for automatically adjusting the timing for the injection of fuel by the injection pump of an internal combustion engine which comprises in combination: a driving shaft provided with annular means having first extension means extending inwardly from said annular means, a driven shaft having second extension means within said annular means, said first extensionmeans and said second extension means being respectively provided with a sloping guiding surface at those ends of said first and second extension means which are remote from each other, first spring means interposed between the two adjacent ends of said first and second extension means to allow said shafts to turn relative to each other by a limited angle, a row of radially movable centrifugal members arranged between said guiding surfaces and provided with outwardly tapering surfaces, said sloping guiding surfaces respectively being parallel to the adjacent tapering surfaces of the respective adjacent centrifugal members, intermediate members respectively interposed between each two adjacent centrifugal members for cooperation with the adjacent tapering surfaces thereof, and a plurality of second spring means independent of said first spring means and spaced from said two adjacent ends of said extension means, said second spring means
- a device for automatically adjusting the timing for the injection of fuel by the injection pump of an internal combustion engine which comprises in combination: a driving shaft provided with annular means having radially inwardly extending extension means, a driven shaft having radially outwardly extending extension means within said annular means and near said first mentioned extension means, said first mentioned extension means and said second mentioned extension means being respectively provided with a sloping guiding surface at those ends of said first mentioned and second mentioned extension means which are remote from each other, a row of radially movable centrifugal members arranged between said guiding surfaces and provided with outwardly tapering surfaces, said sloping guiding surfaces respectively being parallel to the adjacent taperingsurfaces of the respective adjacent centrifugal members, intermediate members respectively interposed between each two adjacent centrifugal members for cooperation with the adjacent tapering surfaces thereof, a first spring interposed between adjacent ends of said first mentioned and said second mentioned extension means and representing an elastic driving power conveying means between said two extension means, and a plurality of second springs spaced from said adjacent ends of
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)
Description
April 3, 1956 K. ZIESCHE ETAL 2,740,273
CONTROL MECHANISM FOR AUTOMATICALLY TIMING THE FUEL. INJECTION BY AN INJECTION PUMP OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 7, 1952 FIG.
April 3, 1956 K. zlEscHE ETAL 2,740,273
CONTROL MECHANISM FOR AUTOMATICALLY TIMING THE FUEL INJECTION BY AN INJECTION PUMP OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed June 7, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 CONTROL MECHANISM FOR AUTOMATICALLY TIMING THE FUEL EJJECTION BY AN INJEC- NINPUMP OF AN INTERNAL CDMBUSTEON Kurt Ziesche, Koln-Holweide, and Josef Berg, Kain-Kath, Germany, assignors to Kliickner-Hnmboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft, Koln, Germany Application June 7, 1952, Serial No. 292,376 Claims priority, application Germany June 8, 1951 4 Claims. (Cl. 64-25) This invention relates to control means for internal combustion engines and, more particularly, concerns a device by which the timing for the fuel injection by the injection pump is automatically effected in accordance with the speed of rotation by the variation of the angular position between the driving and the driven shaft. The change in the angular position between the driving shaft and the driven shaft is effected by means of a row of members slidably arranged between guiding elements connected to said shafts. This row of members consists of radially movable centrifugal masses or bodies and intermediate members cooperating therewith in a wedge-like manner.
With a known device of this type, the row of members consists of two equally spring loaded centrifugal bodies of the same size which are separated from each other by a wedge-like intermediate member. When a change in the speed of rotation occurs, these two centrifugal bodies, due to their radial movement, bring about an adjustment between the driving and the driven shaft. The power connection or power flow between these two shafts is maintained by means of a row of elements of equal dimennited States Patent sions which are diametrically opposite said row of members. These members cooperate in a wedge-like manner so that, when a change in the speed of rotation occurs, the row shortens or lengthens to the same extent as the adjusting angle increases or decreases. However, in an arrangement of this known type, the adjustment is carried out with relatively great friction losses.
Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide a control mechanism which will nearly without friction losses automatically adjust the point at which the injection pump of an internal combustion engine carries out its injection step.
It is also an object of this invention to provide a control mechanism of the above-mentioned type, which will make it possible, for purposes of automatically adjusting the injection point of an injection pump of an internal combustion engine, to obtain a predetermined ratio between the adjusting angle of the driving and the driven shaft.
It is still another object of this invention to provide a control mechanism as set forth in the preceding paragraph in which the adjusting angle between the driving and the driven shaft will change linearly or nearly linearly in conformity with a change in the speed of rotation of said shaft.
These and other objects and advantages will appear more clearly from the following specification in connection with the accompanying drawing showing in Fig. l
the control mechanism proper, while Fig. 2 shows the operative connection between the said control mechanism and the injection pump to be controlled.
General arrangement With the device according to the present invention the driving and the driven shafts rest against each other through an elastic or yielding member. Furthermore, the centrifugal bodies are spring loaded. The elastic support of the two shafts against each other in connection with a row of members consisting of spring loaded centrifugal bodies has the great advantage that, due to the advancing of the injection pump shaft following the injection, the sliding surface of this shaft can space itself from the row of members so that the centrifugal bodies become free and can move nearly by themselves in conformity with the centrifugal force acting thereupon. Nevertheless, particularly in view of the thrust of the springs acting upon the centrifugal bodies, there will always result a stable equilibrium for the said centrifugal bodies. This is true for a self-blocking as well as for a non-self-blocking row of members. If no self-blocking arrangement is provided, care has to be taken by correspondingly balancing the centrifugal masses so that, within the short pressure period during the injection, the centrifugal bodies due to their inertia will not carry out any material dodging movement. With devices in which the driving and the driven shaft restagainst each other through rigid members adapted to dodge during the adjustment, a freeing of the centrifugal bodies is not possible. With a known device for the automatic control of the pre-ignition in connection with internal combustion engines, the driving shaft rests against the driven shaft through two springs; however, the centrifugal bodies of the row of members consist of free flying balls.
According to a further development of the invention, the centrifugal bodies may be dimensioned as to weight or shape, and also the springs acting thereupon may be so dimensioned that, when a change in the speed of rota-' tion occurs and as a result thereof the centrifugal bodies move, the latter will differently vary the total adjusting stroke of the row of members. In this way, a predetermined ratio can be obtained between the adjusting angle and the change in the speed of rotation. It is preferable to dimension the centrifugal bodies and the springs acting thereupon in such a manner that the adjusting angle will vary linearly or nearly linearly in conformity with a change in the speed of rotation. According to a particularly simple manner, the centrifugal bodies may be identical as to shape and weight, whereas the springs acting thereupon may be differently dimensioned so that, with increasing speed of rotation, one centrifugal body after the other will become effective.
Structural arrangement Referring now to the drawing in detail, the structure shown therein comprises an outer annular or ring member 1 which is connected with the driving shaft 2 shown in Fig. 2. A driven shaft 2 extends concentrically into ring 1. Shaft 2' is provided with an outwardly extending extension member 3 and rests against ring 1 through said extension member 3 and a spring 4 and through a radially inwardly extending extension member 5 of ring 1. Those sides of the extension members 3 and S which are remote from the spring 4 slope toward the shaft 2' and spring 4. Between the two sloping surfaces 6 and 7 of the extension members 3 and 5 there is provided a row of members which consist of radially movable centrifugal bodies 8, 9, 10 and 11 and intermediate members 12, 13 and 14 cooperating in a wedge-like manner with said centrifugal bodies 8, 9, 10 and 11. The centrifugal bodies are acted upon by radially inwardly acting springs 15, 16, 17 and 18. The centrifugal bodies and the intermediate members cooperate in a wedge-like manner in such a way that, when the centrifugal bodies move outwardly, the total longitudinal extension of the row of members increases. In order to enable the row of members when it lengthens to adapt itself to the changing angle between the sloping surfaces 6 and 7, the intermediate members 12 and 14 are provided along their sloping surfaces with sliding shoes 19 which are provided with a semi-circular surface by means of which they are resting in said intermediate members in a self-aligning manner. The intermediate members 12, 13 and 14 are inserted in ring 1 in such a manner that they can slide along the inner peripheral area of ring 1. The centrifugal bodies are equally dimensioned as to shape and weight.
The operation of the device is as follows: it may be assumed that the device is at a standstill and that now the speed of rotation begins to increase to such an extent that the centrifugal bodies 8 to 11 move outwardly. As a result thereof, the total length of the row of members lengthens and the relative rotational angle adjustment between the driving and the driven shaft changes against the thrust of the spring 4. Inasmuch as with identical centrifugal bodies and identical loading springs, the angle adjustment in conformity with the speed of rotation would change parabolically in an undesired manner, the springs are difierently dimensioned. More specifically, the springs are so dimensioned that the course or graph indicating the ratio between the change in the angle and the speed of rotation is represented by four nearly linearly extending successive parabolic sections. Inasmuch as the two shafts elastically rest against each other through spring 4, the sloping surface 6 spaces itself from the row of mem bers when after the injection the driven shaft 2' runs ahead. As a result thereof, the centrifugal bodies move nearly frictionless into their respective position corresponding to the respective centrifugal force.
It is preferable to make the intermediate members 12 and 14 of porous material, for instance, sinter material. This has the advantage that these parts fill themselves with oil and thus assure a sufficient lubrication of the sliding shoes 19 which oscillate only slightly.
It is, of course, understood that the present invention is, by no means, limited to the particular construction shown in the drawing but also comprises any modifications within the scope of the appended claims.
What we claim is:
l. A device for automatically adjusting the timing for the injection of fuel by the injection pump of an internal combustion engine, which comprises in combination: a driving shaft provided with annular means having radially inwardly extending extension means, a driven shaft having radially outwardly extending extension means within said annular means and near said first-mentioned extension means, said first-mentioned extension means and said second-mentioned extension means being respectively provided with a sloping guiding surface at those ends of said first-mentioned and second-mentioned extension means which are remote from each other, a row of radially movable centrifugal members arranged between said guiding surfaces and provided with outwardly tapering surfaces, said sloping guiding surfaces respectively being parallel to the adjacent tapering surfaces of the respective adjacent centrifugal members, intermediate members respectively interposed between each two adjacent centrifugal members for cooperation with the adjacent tapering surfaces thereof, a first coil spring interposed between adjacent ends of said first-mentioned and second-mentioned extension means and representing an elastic driving power conveying means between said two shafts, and a plurality of second coil springs arranged substantially co-axially with and extending in radial direction of said centrifugal members and continuously urging said centrifugal members toward said driven shaft but adapted to allow said centrifugal members to move against the thrust of said second springs in response to a predetermined centrifugal force.
2. A device for automatically adjusting the timing for the injection of fuel by the injection pump of an internal combustion engine, which comprises in combination: a driving shaft provided with annular means having first extension means extending inwardly from said annular means, a driven shaft having second extension means within said annular means and near said first extension means, said first extension means and said second exten' sion means being respectively provided with a sloping guiding surface at those ends of said first and second extension means which are remote from each other, a row of radially movable centrifugal members arranged between said guiding surfaces and provided with outwardly tapering surfaces, said sloping guiding surfaces respectively being parallel to the adjacent tapering surfaces of the respective adjacent centrifugal members, intermediate members provided with lubricant-storing pores and respectively interposed between each two adjacent centrifugal members for cooperation with the adjacent tapering surfaces thereof, a first spring interposed between adjacent ends of said first and second extension means and representing an elastic driving power conveying means between said driving shaft and said driven shaft, and second springs spaced from said adjacent ends of said first and second extension means and arranged continuously to act upon said centrifugal members in the direction of the radial movement thereof and continuously to urge said centrifugal members toward said driven shaft, said second springs being arranged to allow said centrifugal members to move against the thrust of said second springs in response to a predetermined centrifugal force acting upon said centrifugal members.
3. A device for automatically adjusting the timing for the injection of fuel by the injection pump of an internal combustion engine, which comprises in combination: a driving shaft provided with annular means having first extension means extending inwardly from said annular means, a driven shaft having second extension means within said annular means, said first extensionmeans and said second extension means being respectively provided with a sloping guiding surface at those ends of said first and second extension means which are remote from each other, first spring means interposed between the two adjacent ends of said first and second extension means to allow said shafts to turn relative to each other by a limited angle, a row of radially movable centrifugal members arranged between said guiding surfaces and provided with outwardly tapering surfaces, said sloping guiding surfaces respectively being parallel to the adjacent tapering surfaces of the respective adjacent centrifugal members, intermediate members respectively interposed between each two adjacent centrifugal members for cooperation with the adjacent tapering surfaces thereof, and a plurality of second spring means independent of said first spring means and spaced from said two adjacent ends of said extension means, said second spring means continuously acting upon and urging said centrifugal members in radial direction toward said driven shaft and being arranged to allow said centrifugal members to move radially outwardly against the thrust of said spring means in response to a predetermined centrifugal force acting upon said centrifugal members.
4. A device for automatically adjusting the timing for the injection of fuel by the injection pump of an internal combustion engine, which comprises in combination: a driving shaft provided with annular means having radially inwardly extending extension means, a driven shaft having radially outwardly extending extension means within said annular means and near said first mentioned extension means, said first mentioned extension means and said second mentioned extension means being respectively provided with a sloping guiding surface at those ends of said first mentioned and second mentioned extension means which are remote from each other, a row of radially movable centrifugal members arranged between said guiding surfaces and provided with outwardly tapering surfaces, said sloping guiding surfaces respectively being parallel to the adjacent taperingsurfaces of the respective adjacent centrifugal members, intermediate members respectively interposed between each two adjacent centrifugal members for cooperation with the adjacent tapering surfaces thereof, a first spring interposed between adjacent ends of said first mentioned and said second mentioned extension means and representing an elastic driving power conveying means between said two extension means, and a plurality of second springs spaced from said adjacent ends of said first mentioned and second mentioned extension means and continuously urging said centrifugal members toward said driven shaft but adapted to allow said centrifugal members to move radially outwardly against the thrust of said second springs in response to References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Fuchs July 31, 1917 Lang Apr. 30, 1935
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2740273X | 1951-06-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2740273A true US2740273A (en) | 1956-04-03 |
Family
ID=7997446
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US292376A Expired - Lifetime US2740273A (en) | 1951-06-08 | 1952-06-07 | Control mechanism for automatically timing the fuel injection by an injection pump of an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2740273A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5181486A (en) * | 1991-06-26 | 1993-01-26 | Gyurovits John S | Timing-range gear |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1235130A (en) * | 1915-08-31 | 1917-07-31 | Renault Louis | Shaft-coupling. |
| US1999364A (en) * | 1932-11-17 | 1935-04-30 | Maybach Motorenbau Gmbh | Speed controlled shaft coupling |
-
1952
- 1952-06-07 US US292376A patent/US2740273A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1235130A (en) * | 1915-08-31 | 1917-07-31 | Renault Louis | Shaft-coupling. |
| US1999364A (en) * | 1932-11-17 | 1935-04-30 | Maybach Motorenbau Gmbh | Speed controlled shaft coupling |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5181486A (en) * | 1991-06-26 | 1993-01-26 | Gyurovits John S | Timing-range gear |
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