US2735231A - simjian - Google Patents

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Publication number
US2735231A
US2735231A US35674253A US2735231A US 2735231 A US2735231 A US 2735231A US 35674253 A US35674253 A US 35674253A US 2735231 A US2735231 A US 2735231A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
mixture
instrument
bath
magnetic
winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
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Reflectone Corp
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Reflectone Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Reflectone Corp filed Critical Reflectone Corp
Priority to US35674253 priority Critical patent/US2735231A/en
Priority to GB3541/56A priority patent/GB789419A/en
Priority to FR1145775D priority patent/FR1145775A/fr
Priority to CH334046D priority patent/CH334046A/fr
Priority to BE545178D priority patent/BE545178A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2735231A publication Critical patent/US2735231A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
    • B24B31/10—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving other means for tumbling of work
    • B24B31/102—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving other means for tumbling of work using an alternating magnetic field
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an abrasive bath for polishing or sharpening articles under control of a magnetic field. It has particular reference to an abrasive bath containing magnetic powder which has a consistency which changes as a magnetic field is applied.
  • the word portion shall define any part of the object which may be in contact with the abrasive mixture.
  • the present invention solves these ditficulties by using an abrasive bath for polishing articles and sharpening cutting edges, employing a mixture which consists of an abrasive powder such as carborundum, a magnetic powder such as iron filings, and a liquid which may be any type of lubricating oil.
  • This mixture is housed in a container in which an instrument with a cutting edge is mounted.
  • a variable magnetic field is applied to the mixture in such a manner as to magnetize it for a short time interval and then demagnetize it. This cycle of events is continued until the desired result is obtained.
  • the variation of magnetic force applied to the mixture causes the abrasive particles to move a small distance and thereby cause a polishing action on the surface of an irregular object. 'Other details and variations will be described later.
  • One of the objects of this invention is to provide an abrasive bath which avoids one or more of the disadvantages and limitations of prior art arrangements.
  • Another object of the invention is to polish an irregular object without resorting to manual manipulation.
  • Another object of the invention is to sharpen the edge of a cutting instrument.
  • Another object of the invention is to polish certain desired surfaces of an irregular object while excluding other surfaces.
  • One feature of the invention includes a magnetic mixture which is alternately magnetized and demagnetized. During the period when the bath is demagnetized the cutting edge of an instrument is lowered into the bath. During the time the bath is magnetized the instrument is withdrawn from the bath thereby polishing its sides and sharpening its cutting edge.
  • Another feature of the invention includes a bath containing an abrasive magnetic mixture and means for magnetizing the mixture along certain predetermined paths. After a short time interval the magnetic forces change so as to cause the mixture to be magnetized along other opposite paths, thereby causing the abrasive particles in the bath to realign and shift their position. This action is used to polish the surface of articles immersed in the bath.
  • Fig. l is a cross sectional view of an abrasive bath, showing a magnetic circuit for the bath and means for moving a cutting instrument in the bath.
  • Fig. 2 is another view, partly in section, similar to Fig. 1 but showing mechanical means for raising and lowering a cutting instrument.
  • Fig. 3 is a part sectional view of an alternate arrangement using only an alternating current supply to operate both the magnetic field for the bath and to operate a structure for moving the instrument.
  • Fig. 4 is a view, partly in cross section showing a polishing bath with a gear positioned therein.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing two sets of magnets arranged for three phase operation.
  • a container 10 is employed for retaining a mixture 11 which includes magnetic particles, abrasive particles, and a liquid.
  • a magnetic core 12 is arranged so that its pole pieces project through the container walls and are adjacent to the cutting edge of an instrument 13.
  • This instrument which may be a surgical knife blade, is secured in a holder 14 which in turn is coupled to an armature 15 which is controlled by an electromagnet 16 having a core 17 and a winding 18.
  • a second winding 20 is positioned around the magnetic core 12 in order to create magnetic flux in the core and the mixture.
  • Pulsating current for windings 18 and 20 is provided by a rectifier system 21 which is connected to alternating current supply lines 22. Since the circuit for these windings must be broken and closed at definite time intervals a system of two commutators 23 and 24 is provided. The commutators are secured to a shaft 25 which is run by an electric motor 26 connected to supply lines 22. Each commutator has a brush 27 and 28 with which connection is made to the two windings 13 and 20.
  • the abrasive bath shown in Fig. 2 is similar to the one shown in Fig. l and includes a container 19, a mixture 11, a magnetic core 12, and a winding 29.
  • the instrument 13 is secured to a support 14 which in turn is attached to a lever arm which is pivoted at one end on a support 36 and engages a cam 37 with its other end.
  • Cam 37 is secured to shaft 25 on which is mounted a commutator Shaft 25 is turned by a motor 26 and is engaged by a brush 40 which is connected to winding 29.
  • a brush 41 makes contact with commutator 38 and is connected to a source of direct current potential 42, the other end of which is connected to winding 20.
  • Fig. 3 shows an alternate design of the abrasive bath but which employs no commutators nor cams and works directly from an alternating current supply line.
  • the device includes the usual container 10, the abrasive mixture 11, a pair of pole pieces 12, and an instrument 13. Winding 20 is connected to the alternating current supply conductors 22 through a phase changing circuit 43 which includes an inductor 44 and a capacitor 45 either one or both of which may be adjustable.
  • the instrument 13 is secured to a pivoted arm 46which is controlled by a magnet 47. This magnet has a pole piece 48 positioned adjacent to the end of arm 46 which it moves at a frequency equal to the supply frequency on conductors 22.. 'T he action of this device is similar to that of the devices shown in Figs. 1 and 2 except that the motion of the instrument 13 is produced directly by electromagnetic action and the current through winding 20 is produced by the alternating wave delivered by the supply conductors 22.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a device for polishing surfaces and comprises a container 10, a bath mixture 11, a magnetic core 12, the pole pieces of which extend into the container It).
  • a winding 20 is connected directly to supply line conductors 22 and provides the core 12 with an. alternating magnetic flux.
  • a gear 50 is mounted within the bath and is secured to a shaft 51 which is rotated by a worm gear assembly 52 and a motor 53.
  • current is supplied to winding 29 the material in bath 11 will have its viscosity altered in a cyclic manner and the abrasive particles within the mixture will be given a slight vibratory motion, thereby polishing that portion of the gear 56 which lies in the vicinity of the pole pieces of core 12.
  • By slowly rotating the gear all the teeth are brought within the influence of the polishing action and the entire periphery of the gear is polished.
  • Fig. 5 shows an arrangement for polishing an irregular object which need not be rotated.
  • Two sets of three pole pieces are employed and a switching means 54 is employed to periodically switch from one set of pole pieces to the other.
  • This switching means may be a relay operated device or a commutator mechanism run by a motor.
  • coils 55, 56, and 57 are connected together in three phase relationship with supply lines 58.
  • the switching device 54 switches the current to coils 60, 61, and 62.
  • the pole pieces of one set of coils are mounted in a different plane from the pole pieces of the second set of coils and each set produces a magnetic pattern within the mixture 11 which is different from the pattern produced by the other set.
  • the three phase magnetic flux from either one of the sets of coils produces a vibratory motion of the iron filings within the mixture which is circular in character and therefore pro Jerusalem an efficient abrasive action.
  • the instant device is adapted for polishing any object whose surface to be worked on is either internal or external.
  • the object may be supported from an external means as shown in Figures 1 through 4 or the container and/ or mixture may act as the supporting means as shown in Figure 5.
  • an abrasive mixture comprising magnetic particles, abrasive particles, and a liquid can be employed in conjunction with an alternating magnetic field to polish metal surfaces and to sharpen cutting edges.
  • a sharpening device for a cutting instrument comprising; a mixture in a container which surrounds a portion of the cutting instrument; said mixture comprising a liquid, abrasive particles, and magnetic particles; means for supporting and moving said portion of said cutting instrument in said mixture; and means applying a variable magnetic field to the mixture to vary the consistency thereof.
  • a sharpening device for a cutting instrument comprising; a mixture in a container which surrounds a portion of the cutting instrument; said mixture comprising a liquid; abrasive particles, and magnetic particles; means 7 for supporting said portion of said cutting instrument in said mixture; means applying a variable magnetic field to the mixture to vary the consistency thereof and means for moving said instrument in a first direction when the consistency of said mixture is decreased and in a second direction when the consistency is increased.
  • a sharpening device as set forth in claim 2 in which said liquid is a non-magnetic fluid.
  • a sharpening device as set forth in claim 2 in which the magnetic particles are iron powder and said fluid is a light oil.
  • a sharpening device for a cutting instrument comprising a mixture in a container which surrounds a portion of the cutting instrument; said mixture comprising a liquid; abrasive particles, and magnetic particles; means for supporting said portion of said instrument in said mixture; electromagnetic means applying a variable magnetic field to the mixture to cyclically vary the consistency of said mixture, and means cyclically moving said instrument in said mixture as the consistency thereof is varied.
  • a sharpening. device for a cutting instrument comprising a mixture in a container which surrounds a portion of the cutting instrument; said mixture comprising a liquid, discrete abrasive particles and discrete magnetic particles; a magnetic core having an electromagnetic winding thereon with pole pieces positioned in proximity to the said portion of said instrument; said magnetic winding connected to a source of electric power with means'for varying the intensity of said power to said winding thereby increasing and decreasing the consistency of said mixture; supporting means for holding said portion of the instrument in said mixture, and means for periodically moving the instrument as the consistency of the mixture is varied.
  • a device of the character described for polishing the surface of an object comprising; a mixture in a container which surrounds a portion of the object; said mixture comprising a liquid, abrasive particles, and magnetic particles; means for supporting said object in said mixture; and means applying a variable magnetic field to the mixture to vary the consistency thereof.
  • a device of the character described for polishing the surface of an object comprising; a mixture in a container which surrounds a portion of the object; said mixture comprising a liquid, discrete abrasive particles and discrete magnetic particles; a magnetic core having an electromagnetic winding thereon with pole pieces positioned in proximity to the said portion of the object; and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
US35674253 1953-05-22 1953-05-22 simjian Expired - Lifetime US2735231A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US35674253 US2735231A (en) 1953-05-22 1953-05-22 simjian
GB3541/56A GB789419A (en) 1953-05-22 1956-02-03 Improvements in or relating to sharpening or polishing apparatus
FR1145775D FR1145775A (fr) 1953-05-22 1956-02-07 Perfectionnements aux appareils d'affûtage ou de polissage
CH334046D CH334046A (fr) 1953-05-22 1956-02-08 Appareil permettant de polir des surfaces et d'affûter des objets tranchants
BE545178D BE545178A (en)) 1953-05-22 1956-02-13

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US35674253 US2735231A (en) 1953-05-22 1953-05-22 simjian

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2735231A true US2735231A (en) 1956-02-21

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US35674253 Expired - Lifetime US2735231A (en) 1953-05-22 1953-05-22 simjian

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2735231A (en))
BE (1) BE545178A (en))
CH (1) CH334046A (en))
FR (1) FR1145775A (en))
GB (1) GB789419A (en))

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2796702A (en) * 1955-02-24 1957-06-25 Jr Albert G Bodine Method and apparatus for sonic polishing and grinding
US2827740A (en) * 1956-02-29 1958-03-25 Luther E Lee Polishing treatment for article surfaces
US2880554A (en) * 1956-01-03 1959-04-07 Reflectone Corp Treating or polishing apparatus
US2883809A (en) * 1957-11-21 1959-04-28 Reflectone Corp Polishing apparatus
US2923100A (en) * 1957-10-11 1960-02-02 Reflectone Electronics Inc Abrading device
US3350815A (en) * 1964-12-04 1967-11-07 Corning Glass Works Seam finishing
US3380195A (en) * 1965-01-05 1968-04-30 Albert G. Bodine Jr. Resonant apparatus for cleaning with loose granules
US3514328A (en) * 1967-09-27 1970-05-26 Eugene F Malin Method for cleaning teeth
US3892908A (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-07-01 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Coating of solid substrates with magnetically propelled particles
US4122603A (en) * 1977-06-03 1978-10-31 The Gillette Company Processes for treating cutting edges
US4122602A (en) * 1977-06-03 1978-10-31 The Gillette Company Processes for treating cutting edges
US4900409A (en) * 1987-06-17 1990-02-13 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Mass grinding and polishing of metal articles in rotofinish equipment
EP0478805A1 (en) * 1990-06-27 1992-04-08 Priority Co., Ltd. Magnetically-polishing machine and process
WO1994004313A1 (en) * 1992-08-14 1994-03-03 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
WO1994029077A1 (en) * 1993-06-04 1994-12-22 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
US5577948A (en) * 1992-04-14 1996-11-26 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
US5795212A (en) * 1995-10-16 1998-08-18 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Deterministic magnetorheological finishing
US6503414B1 (en) 1992-04-14 2003-01-07 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
US20060211337A1 (en) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-21 Wolfgang Thiel Machining apparatus and method to machine surfaces in recesses of workpieces
US20080248731A1 (en) * 2007-04-03 2008-10-09 Fletcher Charles J Sonic razor blade sharpener
US20100136887A1 (en) * 2007-09-20 2010-06-03 Southern Taiwan University Apparatus and method for polishing via driving abrasive grains mechanically and magnetically
RU2486285C2 (ru) * 2011-07-14 2013-06-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Российский химико-технологический университет имени Д.И. Менделеева" (РХТУ им. Д.И. Менделеева) Способ модификации поверхности металлов
US20160354890A1 (en) * 2015-06-02 2016-12-08 Apple Inc. Electromechanical surface texturing
EP3109000A1 (en) * 2015-06-24 2016-12-28 Rolls-Royce plc Polishing of complex internal geometries
CN106891240A (zh) * 2017-04-21 2017-06-27 苏州春兴精工股份有限公司 一种一体式流水化磁力研磨设备
CN107622868A (zh) * 2016-07-13 2018-01-23 湖北蕊源电子股份有限公司 一种结构简单体积小的电感器
WO2019097275A1 (en) * 2017-11-15 2019-05-23 Arcelormittal Treatment method for a cutting piece, and associated equipment
EP3970914A1 (de) * 2020-09-16 2022-03-23 FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vorrichtung zum beaufschlagen einer magnetorheologischen flüssigkeit mit einem magnetfeld, system und verfahren zum bearbeiten eines werkstücks mittels der magnetorheologischen flüssigkeit

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108466165A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2018-08-31 浙江工业大学 一种利用偏心轮控制叶片转动的液态金属抛光装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE485592A (en)) *
DE722067C (de) * 1939-07-02 1942-06-29 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Elektroden
US2460918A (en) * 1942-12-12 1949-02-08 Jr Albert G Bodine Method-of and apparatus for cutting and the like
US2510675A (en) * 1948-12-27 1950-06-06 Sydney N Baruch Gearing
US2548373A (en) * 1951-04-10 Magnetic gearing system
US2554701A (en) * 1947-03-04 1951-05-29 Doehler Jarvis Corp Treatment of articles to remove some of the outside material therefrom or to polish the same
US2616984A (en) * 1948-12-30 1952-11-04 Rca Corp Magneto-hydraulic motor for translating electrical energy into sound energy

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE485592A (en)) *
US2548373A (en) * 1951-04-10 Magnetic gearing system
DE722067C (de) * 1939-07-02 1942-06-29 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Elektroden
US2460918A (en) * 1942-12-12 1949-02-08 Jr Albert G Bodine Method-of and apparatus for cutting and the like
US2554701A (en) * 1947-03-04 1951-05-29 Doehler Jarvis Corp Treatment of articles to remove some of the outside material therefrom or to polish the same
US2510675A (en) * 1948-12-27 1950-06-06 Sydney N Baruch Gearing
US2616984A (en) * 1948-12-30 1952-11-04 Rca Corp Magneto-hydraulic motor for translating electrical energy into sound energy

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2796702A (en) * 1955-02-24 1957-06-25 Jr Albert G Bodine Method and apparatus for sonic polishing and grinding
US2880554A (en) * 1956-01-03 1959-04-07 Reflectone Corp Treating or polishing apparatus
US2827740A (en) * 1956-02-29 1958-03-25 Luther E Lee Polishing treatment for article surfaces
US2923100A (en) * 1957-10-11 1960-02-02 Reflectone Electronics Inc Abrading device
US2883809A (en) * 1957-11-21 1959-04-28 Reflectone Corp Polishing apparatus
US3350815A (en) * 1964-12-04 1967-11-07 Corning Glass Works Seam finishing
US3380195A (en) * 1965-01-05 1968-04-30 Albert G. Bodine Jr. Resonant apparatus for cleaning with loose granules
US3514328A (en) * 1967-09-27 1970-05-26 Eugene F Malin Method for cleaning teeth
US3892908A (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-07-01 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Coating of solid substrates with magnetically propelled particles
US4122603A (en) * 1977-06-03 1978-10-31 The Gillette Company Processes for treating cutting edges
US4122602A (en) * 1977-06-03 1978-10-31 The Gillette Company Processes for treating cutting edges
US4900409A (en) * 1987-06-17 1990-02-13 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Mass grinding and polishing of metal articles in rotofinish equipment
EP0478805A1 (en) * 1990-06-27 1992-04-08 Priority Co., Ltd. Magnetically-polishing machine and process
US5577948A (en) * 1992-04-14 1996-11-26 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
US6503414B1 (en) 1992-04-14 2003-01-07 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
US7261616B2 (en) 1992-04-14 2007-08-28 Qed Technologies International, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
WO1994004313A1 (en) * 1992-08-14 1994-03-03 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
WO1994029077A1 (en) * 1993-06-04 1994-12-22 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods
US5795212A (en) * 1995-10-16 1998-08-18 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Deterministic magnetorheological finishing
US6106380A (en) * 1995-10-16 2000-08-22 Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. Deterministic magnetorheological finishing
US5839944A (en) * 1995-10-16 1998-11-24 Byelocorp, Inc. Apparatus deterministic magnetorheological finishing of workpieces
US20060211337A1 (en) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-21 Wolfgang Thiel Machining apparatus and method to machine surfaces in recesses of workpieces
US20080248731A1 (en) * 2007-04-03 2008-10-09 Fletcher Charles J Sonic razor blade sharpener
US7547244B2 (en) * 2007-04-03 2009-06-16 Charles J. Fletcher Sonic razor blade sharpener
US20100136887A1 (en) * 2007-09-20 2010-06-03 Southern Taiwan University Apparatus and method for polishing via driving abrasive grains mechanically and magnetically
US8162720B2 (en) * 2007-09-20 2012-04-24 Southern Taiwan University Apparatus and method for polishing via driving abrasive grains mechanically and magnetically
RU2486285C2 (ru) * 2011-07-14 2013-06-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Российский химико-технологический университет имени Д.И. Менделеева" (РХТУ им. Д.И. Менделеева) Способ модификации поверхности металлов
US20160354890A1 (en) * 2015-06-02 2016-12-08 Apple Inc. Electromechanical surface texturing
US9713865B2 (en) * 2015-06-02 2017-07-25 Apple Inc. Electromechanical surface texturing
EP3109000A1 (en) * 2015-06-24 2016-12-28 Rolls-Royce plc Polishing of complex internal geometries
CN107622868A (zh) * 2016-07-13 2018-01-23 湖北蕊源电子股份有限公司 一种结构简单体积小的电感器
CN106891240A (zh) * 2017-04-21 2017-06-27 苏州春兴精工股份有限公司 一种一体式流水化磁力研磨设备
WO2019097275A1 (en) * 2017-11-15 2019-05-23 Arcelormittal Treatment method for a cutting piece, and associated equipment
WO2019097438A1 (en) * 2017-11-15 2019-05-23 Arcelormittal Treatment method for a cutting piece, and associated equipment
EP3970914A1 (de) * 2020-09-16 2022-03-23 FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vorrichtung zum beaufschlagen einer magnetorheologischen flüssigkeit mit einem magnetfeld, system und verfahren zum bearbeiten eines werkstücks mittels der magnetorheologischen flüssigkeit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB789419A (en) 1958-01-22
CH334046A (fr) 1958-11-15
BE545178A (en)) 1959-10-09
FR1145775A (fr) 1957-10-29

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