US273131A

US273131A - nemetz

Info

Publication number: US273131A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1883-02-27
Anticipated expiration: 1900-02-27

Description

l 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

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MAGAZINE GUN. l Patented Feb.27, 1883.

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\ MAGAZINE GUN. No. 273,131. Patented Feb. 27,

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4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

J. NEMETZ. MAGAZINE GUN.

Patented Feb. 27, 1883.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4. J. NEMETZ.

MAGAZINE GUN.

(No Model.)

No.. 273,131. Patented Feb.2'7, 1883.

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MAGAZINE-GUN.

SPECIFICATIN forming .part of Letters Patent No. 273,131, dated February 27, 1883.

Application filed March 23, 1832.

To all whom t may concern.- Y ,Y

Beit known thatI, J osi-:F NEME'rz, a citizen of Austria, residing at Vienna, in the Empire of Austria, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brecon-Loading Needle- Guns; and 1 do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the -invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures ot' reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of breech-loading guns known as bolt or needle guns.

The object of myinvention is to still further reduce the movements now necessary to load and fire such guns, and further to simplify the construction of the various parts of the mechanism of the gun, which objects I attain as follows: First, by combining with the usual bolt or needle and the breech a magazine adapted to be moved at right angles to the axis of the bolt or needle and barrel to bring a fresh cartridge into position to be carried forward into the ring-chamber by the said bolt.; second, by constructing and combining these parts in suoli manner as to cause the bolt, on its forward movement, to carry the cartridge from the magazine into the firing-chamber and explode said cartridge automatically by the looking of the breech-cylinder, to retract the cartridge-shell from said chamber on its backward movement, open the breech and deposit said shell into the magazine-chamber from whence it was taken, move the magazine laterally a distance sucient to bring a fresh cartridge into position to be carried forward, and lock the firing-pin ready for firing, thus reducing the movements necessary to load and fire the gun to two, as hereinafter more fully described; third, by constructing the searspring and breech-frame strap in such manner as to dispense with the usual screw whereby the parts are attached; fourth, by constructing the breech-frame strap and trigger-guard strap lin such manner that buta single screw is needed to attach the trigger-guard strap, the magazine, the ring mechanism, and its frame to the stock ot' the gun.

(No model.)

In the specication and drawings of Letters Patent granted to me under date of March 7, 1882, No. 254,681, I have described and shown a gun provided with a magazine adapted to be moved at right angles to theaxis of the barrel, the magazine constituting the breech or ring-chamber. In such a construction it is necessary that the magazine should be made sufficiently strong and heavy to resist the shock resulting from the explosion of the cartridges, and consequently the weight of the magazine considerably increases that of the gun.

The further object of my present invention is to so construct the gun and its tiring mechanism as to adapt them for usein combination with a magazine interposed between the breech and the bolt and firing-pin, said magazine being constructed ot` such light material as not to materially increase the weight ot' the gun.

The invention consists in the mechanism and combination ot' mechanisms and construclfion ot' parts whereby the above-described resuits are obtained, as fully described hereinafter, and pointed out in the claims, and as shown in the accompanying four sheets ot' drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a magazine needle-gun adapted for automatic tiring by the locking of the bolt, or for firing by meansot' the trigger. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section ofamagazine needle-gun to be fired b y means of the trigger only, the parts being shown in the position ready for tiring; and Fig. 3, a similar view with breech open. Fig. 2L is a part thereof enlarged. Fig. 4 is a section of the gun, taken on line 2o to of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a section of the gun, taken on line of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a section of the gun, taken on lineyg/ of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a section of the gun, taken on line a z of Fig. 2. Fig. S is a rear view of the breech-frame. Figs. 9, 10, and 11 are detail views of the bolt-carrier. Fig. 12 is a top plan view; Fig. 13, a longitudinal section; Fig. 14, a side elevation; and Fig. 15, an under side view of the breech-frame, the latter figure showing the magazine applied. Fig. 16 is an under side view of the rod and wedge employed to move the cartridge-magazine. Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the cartridgecarrier. Fig. 18 is a longitudinal section there- IOO oi', and Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the cartridge-magazine.

In the above figures of drawings like letters of reference indicate like parts wherever such may occur.

B is the barrel B',thereceiver; M, the magazine abutting against the receiver; C, the bolt, carrying at its forward end the breech-block B2, or of which said'block forms the forward end, the breech block being perforated, as usual, for the passage of the firing-pin or needle N. The latter is, as usual, impelled by a coiled spring, S, one end ot' which abuts against a collar', n', on said pin and the other against the rear end of the bolt, as shown in Fig. 2. The firing-pin N slides freely in the bolt, and its rear end is attached to the carrier or hammer'H, apertured to receive the rear end of the bolt C. The hammer is provided on its under side with a stop or shoulder, h, adapted to engage with the mechanism whereby the hammer and bolt are locked into position for ring, as hereinafter described. The magazine M is moved laterally by means ofa wedge, W, attached to a bar, D.

L is the handle or locking-lever, attached to bolt C, by means of which the latter is locked into position before firing, and through the medium of which the gun may be automatically fired, as will be presently explained.

rlhe combination of the magazine M withthe ring mechanism is such that at each forward movement of the bolt it will pass through the magazine and carry a fresh cartridge into the breech or iirmgehamber. Hence the maga zine does not constitute said firing-chamber, and may therefore be constructed of any suitable light material.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 15, and 19, the magazine M is constructed of sheet metal, and is composed ot` a bottom, 1, having its front and rear edges struck up to form vertical anges 2, and of two sides, 3, having their front and rear vertical edges turned inward to form'ihe ianges 4. To this box or frame, which is open at top and in front and rear, is hinged a lid, M', having its opposite side edges turned down to form flanges 5. The sides 3 of the'magazine are provided at their upper front corners with lugs or pivotbearings 6, and the corresponding edges of the lid M' are provided with like lugs or bearings, whereby the two may be hinged together, as shown in Fig. 19. The two parts that constitute the magazine` may each be struck from a single piece of sheet metal. Upon opposite sides of the bottom 1 of the magazine are attached springs 7, for ejecting the cartridgecarrier when all the cartridges have been fired. Upon the under side of the magazine is attacheda bar or plate, 8, provided with as many pins 9 as the magazine will contain cartridges. As shown, it is provided with six pins, the magazine being of such size as to contain six cartridges. Of course it will be understood that a magazine containing a greateror less number of cartridges may be employed. The magazine is fitted in a recess in the breechframe F, that basa dovetailed groove or way, 13, in which ts the plate 8 on the under side of the magazine, the bottom of said groove being recessed, as shown at 14, to allow the pins 9 to pass when the magazine is moved laterally. The magazine is securely held in the breech-frame by means of said groove 13, on the one hand, 'which may be dovetailed, as described, or of the form shown, and. on the other by means of a lug, 16, on said frame.

The bar 8, being attached to the magazine at or near its forward edge, will therefore hold the magazine at that edge against Vertical displacement, while the lug 16, bearing on the free end of the lid M', not only prevents the springs from exerting their power against the carrier E and lid, but also holds theV rear edge of the magazine against vertical displacement. As more plainly shown by Figs. 12 and 14, this lug 16 is formed on or attached to the face of one ofthe cheeks forming the rear wall of the recessfin the breechframe F, in which the magazine slides. When the last cartridge has been fired the magazine will have moved from left to right sufficiently to clear the lug 1 6 and release the lid. The springs 7, being now free to act, eject the carrier and the latter throws open the lid M', leaving the magazine readyto be reloaded. Thisis effected by introducing a fresh carrier, E, the heavy or ball end thereof being placed toward the front or upon the free end of the springs 7 ofthe magazine, the lid (and with it the cartridge-carrier and springs) being then pressed down and the magazine pushed from right to left until the iirstcartridge on the right is in front ofthe receiver B'. The magazineMis moved laterally a distance equal to that between the centers of two cartridge-chambers at each backward movement of the bolt by the following mechanism, constructed and operating upon the same principle as that described in my Letters Patent hereinbefore referred to.

A bar, D, carries a wedge, W, pivoted upon said bar at 17. The rear end of the bar is bent at rightangles to form the catch orlug 1S, that lies in a recess, c, of the bolt C, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1, and in full lines, Figs. 2 and 3. The wedge W, as shown in Fig. 16, is held in proper position by means of a spring, s', attached to the barD, the free end of which exerts its power upon a pin, 19, on the wedge. This spring also serves as an abutment for the wedge during its action. When the bolt is moved backward the bar D is moved with it, and as soon as said bolt has moved out of the magazine the outer end of the inclined plane 200i' the wedge comes in contact with oneofthe pins 9 on the under side of the magazine and moves the latter from the left toward the right a sufficient distance to bring afresh cartridge in front of the breech, to be carried forward into said breech at the next forward movement of the bolt, the forward end or breech ICO IIO

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block, B2, ot' which carries the extractor-hook b and the spring b. The extractor and spring are of usual construction, and are secured in recesses formed in opposite sides ot' the part B2 of the bolt, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The spring b is used as a bearing for the flange of the cartridge on the side opposite to that where it is seized by the extractor, to maintain said cartridge in a true horizontal position and avoid any tendency of the cartridge-shell to become wedged in the tiring-chamber or receiver when the boit moves backward. Thus, when the magazine has been moved laterally to bring a fresh cartridge on a line with the axis of the barrel, as described, and the bolt is moved forward by meansot1 the lever L, the point of the extractor I) and Vspring b will first peri'orate that part of the strip of paper 11 that covers the rear face of the compartment of the cartridge which has just been brought into proper position. rlhe bolt then breaks said paper and moves the cartridge along with it, the ball thereof' breaking` the paper in front ot' said compartment, and said cartridge is thus carried into the tiring-chamber b2, its tiangelying against the annular shoulder that serves as a bearing therefor, and the extractor b and spring b in engagement with said tiange, as shown in Fig. 2. To insure the engagement. of the extractor-hook and that of the spring` with the ange ot' the cartridge as it is carried into the tiring-chamber, and to cause said hook and spring to release the cartridge-shell when the bolt is drawn back,and deposit said shell into the magazine, I make the annular chamber of the receiver B tapering from opposite ends toward the center, as shown at b3 b4, Fig. 3, at which latter point said chamber is narrowest. As will be readily seen, when the cartridge has reached the tiring-chamber the extractor b and spring b are held to the iange of the cartridge by said narrow part of the chamber, and on withdrawing the bolt the hook and spring are gradually released from the shell as the bolt recedes throu'gh the graduallywidening rear end ot the receiver-chamber until said shell again lies within the compartment ot the magazine from which it had been previously taken, when the extractor devices will be entirely disengaged from the flange. The bolt then moves backward, leaving the cartridge-shell behind.

In order to distribute the force ofthe recoil more evenly over the breech-trame F, I form on or attach to the bolt C, opposite the lockinglever L, a lug or block, Z, that lies in a recess, j", of' the breech-frame, Figs. 3, 6, l2, and 14,

when the bolt is locked into position for tiring, l

and I obtain in this manner a so-called boltY lock.77 On the retraction of the bolt the lug serves as a guide forthc bolt to properly guide it along the frame F.

The lock of the gun is composed of a trigger, T, having a fulcrumpin, 22, hung upona screw, as usual. Theupper arm, t, of the trigger is provided with a Ashoulder that engages the t'ull'cock notch or catch hon the boltcarricr II. A second arm. 21, projects laterally from the arm t, and is provided with a vertical pin, 25. The arm 24 moves in a recess, l, formed exactly in the center of the bearing face l2 ot' the locking lever L, that serves to lock the bolt C, of which latter said lever forms a part, or to which it is attached. This bearing-surface Z2 of lever L is provided with a slide, 27, adapted to cover the recess Z under certain circumstances, and instead of the slide a catch or pawl or analogous device may be employed.

The sear-spring s2 is not-secured tothe lockcase by means oi' a screw, as usual, but simply inserted, whereby the screw is dispensed with, the breech-frame strap F being provided with a dovetailed groove, 2S, and the heel end of the spring being constructed to (it said groove, as shown in Fig. l.

When the slide 27 is in the position shown in Fig. l the pin 25 can penetrate into the recess when the bolt is locked into the position for firing. Consequently the tiring cannot be effected except by pulling upon the trigger T, which movement d'isengages the upper arm, t, thereot' from the catch h ot' the .hammer H and simultaneously withdraws the pin from the re cess l', as shown in Fig. 1. When, however, as shown in Fig. 4, the slide is pushed in to cover the recess l and the bolt is rotated to lock it into position for firing, the said slide, when the locking is effected, will bear upon the pin 25, depress the same, and with it the trigger-arm t, to automatically throw the latter ont of disengagement with the full-cock catch on the hammer. This releases the hammer and its needle N, which, by the tension ot' the spring S, are thrown forward to explode the cartridge. The position of the pin and trigger when automatically disengaged from the hammer is shown in dotted lines in Fig. l, and in this manner the gun may be automatically tired by the locking ofthe bolt.

In Figs. 2 and 3 I have shown a slight modiiication in the constructiqn of the gunlock, which is not designed for automatic tiring. The triggerT has a rearwardly-projecting arm, t', provided on .its lower face with an abutnient,29, that holds the arm in proper position by contact with the trigger-guard strap T. The arm terminates in an upwardly-projecting nose, 30, that engages a do wnwardly-projecting arm, i, ot' a two-armed lever, I, pivoted at 3l. rEhe horizontal forward arm, l1I', of the lever l terminates in a spherical head, 32, that lies within a recess of the slide-catch K. Upon its upper face the arm t" has also an abutment, 33, that bears against the under face of the breechf'rame F, to hold the lever in proper relation to the slide-catch, the scar-spring si holding the parts in proper position for engag ing the shoulder .7L on the hammer H, as shown. It will be seen that when the trigger is pulled IOO lmovement. y in moving the bolt forward again to carry a its nose 30 raises thearm 'i of lever I and correspondingly depresses the arm t thereof This moves the slide-catchK downward to release .the hammer, as plainly shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

Instead of a cross bolt or screw, as shown in Figs.2 and 3,for securing the breech-frame and guard-straps to the stock,Ipreferably employ a post, 42, formed on or attached to the guard-strap T', the upper end of which has two 1ugs,43, adapted to engage hooked cheeks 44, formed on the frame-strap T, as shown in Fig. 1. It will be seen that by means of this construction but a single screw is necessary to attach the breech-frame,the tiring mechanism, the magazine, and the trigger-guard strap to the stock.

From what has been said above,it is understood that but two movements are necessary to unlock the breech, extract the exploded shell, carry a fresh cartridge into the firingchamber, lock the breech, and re the gun, as follows: Assuming that the gun has just been tired, a quarter-turn is imparted to the bolt by means of the lever or handle L to unlock the breech, when the bolt and needle are retracted, and with them the empty cartridgeshell, through the medium of the extractor b b', and said shell deposited into the magazine. The backward movementof the bolt also causes a lateral movement to be imparted to the magazine, which brings a fresh cartridge on a line with the breech. The completion of the backward movement of the bolt effects the engagement of the trigger with the full-cock notch on the hammer, and this completes the first The second movement consists fresh cartridge into the firing-chamber andcompleting the movement by imparting a quarter-turn to the holt to lock the breech, and at the same time fire the gun, as hereinbefore set forth.

Of course it will be understood thatthe gun may be used as an ordinary breech-loader by removing the magazine, and, instead of using the cartridge-carrier E in combination with the magazine, the former maybe dispensed with and the latter provided with chambers to receive each a cartridge. In this case each chamber is provided with the spring and pin shown as applied to the carrier E, to prevent the cartridges from falling out.

It is obvious that the use of a casecontaining all the cartridges the magazine will hold is more advantageous, as the magazine may be provided with a full complement of cartridges in the same time it would require to load one of its chambers when said cartridges are to be be inserted one by one, while' the trigger may be so modified as to dispense with the nger-piece,.and, if desired, the magazine may be removed and the gun used as a single-loader.

'As hereinbcfore stated, the cartridges are preferably contained in a case or carrier, E, Figs. 17 and 18, isolated from each other by partitions 10. The case E is made of cardboard and of such form as to t the inside of the magazine, where it is securely held by the anges 2 and 4 and the lid thereof. The front and rear ends of the case may be vclosed by a strip of paper, l1, as shown by Fig. 17, or these ends may be left open and each cartridge held within its compartment by means of a spring, s, and a pin, 12, as shown in Fig. 18, the free end of the spring bearing upon the cartridge to prevent its moving in one direction and the pin holding the cartridge against movement in a reverse direction, as plainly shown in said Fig. 18. It' desired, both the above-described means may be employed to prevent the cartridges from falling out ofthe carrier while handling the latter.

Instead of making the casesEof card-board, they may be constructed of any other suitable light material-such as thin sheet metal-and when so constructed the carrier may be used repeatedly. A

Having now described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In a bolt or needle gun, the combination, with the barrel, the breech or receiver, the breech frame, a magazine arranged in said frame in rear ot' the receiver, and mechanism, substantially as described, to impart a lateral movement to the magazine, of a bolt adapted to traverse the magazine and carry a cartridge into the receiver at each forward movement, remove the empty shell from the breech, and move the magazine laterally at each backward movement to bring a fresh cartridge ou a line with the receiver; substantially as described.

2. In a bolt or needle gun, the combination, with the barrel,the receiver, the breech-frame, a chambered magazine carried by said frame in rear of the receiver, and mechanism, substantially as described, for imparting lateral motion to said magazine, of a bolt adapted to traverse the magazine, carry a cartridge from one of its chambers into the breech at each forward movement, extract the empty shell, and deposit it into the chamber from which it was taken, and move the magazine laterally to bring a fresh cartridge on a line with the breech at each backward movement, substantially as described.

3. In a bolt or needle gun, the combination, with the barrel, a magazine, and a chambered cartridge carrier contained therein, of the breech-i`rame mechanism, substantially as described, for imparting a traversing motion to said magazine, and appliances whereby the carrier is automatically ejected from the magazine wheny the latter has reached the limit of IIO its traversing motion in one direction, substantially as described, for the purposes specied.

4. In a bolt or needle gun, a magazine, M, arranged transversely of the breech, and open in front and rear, and having a movablelid, a chambered cartridge-carrier located within the magazine, and the breech-frame provided with a lug to hold the magazine-lid closed, all combined for cooperation substantially as'and for the purposes specified.

5. In a bolt or needle gun, the combination of a magazine open in front and rear, located transversely of the breech, a chambered cartridge-case having the front and rear ends of the chambers closed by a diaphragm, and the bolt provided at its forward end with perforatin-g devices, whereby when said bolt is moved forward to close the breech the rear diaphragm is first perforated and then ruptured, the cartridge moved forward with and by the bolt, and the front diaphragm of its chamber :ruptured by the ball ofthe cartridge, and the latter carried into the tiring-chamber, as set forth.

6. In a bolt or needle gun, the combination, with the bolt and breech-frame provided with a lug, 16, of a magazine operated to move at right angles to said bolt, said magazine being open at both ends and provided with a movable lid, and a spring-actuated cartridge-carrier tted into said magazine, said parts operating to hold the magazine closed until its lid has cleared the lug on the frame, as and for the purposes specified.

7 The cartridge-carrier E, divided into a series of chambers open at both ends, as described, in combination with the springs s and pins 12, substantiallyvr as and for the purposes set forth.

8. The combination, with the magazine M, its actuating-springs 7, and lid M', of the breech-frame F, having lug-16, as and for the purposes specified. I

9. In a bolt or needle gun, the combination of a magazine having a hinged lid, M', and actuating-springs 7, and a cartridge-carrier contained therein, with the breech-frame mechanis-m, substantially as described, for imparting a traversing motion to the magazine, and appliances for releasing the magazine-lid and to allow the springs to eject the carrier when the magazine has reached the iimit of its traversing motion, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination of the breech-frame and its lug 16 and grooves 13 and 14 with the magazine M, having plate 6, carrying pins 9, and the hinged lid M' of said magazine, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

l1. In a bolt or needle gun, the combination,

with the bolt, the breech, and breech-frame,

of the cartridge-magazine M, composed of the frame 1 3, having flanges 3 4 and a hinged lid, M', a cartridge-carrier, E, contained therein, and mechanism, substantially such as described, for imparting a traversing motion to said magazine in rear ofthe breech, as and for the purposes specified.

12. The combination, with the breech-frame F, the recess f of which is provided with grooves 13 and 14 and a lug, 16, and the bolt C of the magazine M, having plate 8, carrying pins 9, and mechanism to move the magazine laterally through the medium of the bolt, as described.

13. The combination, with the magazine M and bolt C, of the bar D, wedge W, provided withV a pin, and the spring s', all constructed and arranged for co-operation substantially as and for the purposes specified.

14. Thecombination, with the bolt, its springactuated needle, theoperating-leverL, recessed, as at l', the slide 27, and hammer H, having shoulder h, of the trigger T, having armst 24, and the pin 25, said parts being arranged for co-operation as described.

15. The combination, with the bolt, its operating-lever, recessed at i', the slide 27, the hammer H, and spring-actuated needle N, ot'

the pivoted lever-arms t 24 and the pin 25, said.

parts being arranged for co-operation as described.

16. In a gun of the class described, the combination, with the barrel, its breech, a magazine having a traversing motion in rear of said breech, a bolt arranged to traverse the magazine, and having an operating-lever, recessed as at l', and ,means to close said recess, a spring-actuated needle, and ahammer provided with a full-cock notch, of a trigger adapted to engage said full-cock notch, and carrying a pin arranged to project into the recess of theoperating-lever for the bolt, whereby the gun maybe fired in the usual manner when said recess is uncovered, or wherebyit may be red on rotating the bolt to lock the breech when said recess is covered, substantially as described.

17. The combination of the receiver B', having its axial passage made to taper from opposite ends toward the center, in combination with the bolt and its breech-block B2, carrying the extractor b and bearing-spring b', as and for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof Iaftix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

- JOSEF NEMETZ. Witnesses:

HAlvs Ko'rtrAs, J AMES RILEY WEAVER.

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