US2721541A - Pressure responsive control device for hydraulic apparatus - Google Patents

Pressure responsive control device for hydraulic apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2721541A
US2721541A US226563A US22656351A US2721541A US 2721541 A US2721541 A US 2721541A US 226563 A US226563 A US 226563A US 22656351 A US22656351 A US 22656351A US 2721541 A US2721541 A US 2721541A
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fluid
pressure
hydraulic
piston
hydraulic apparatus
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US226563A
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English (en)
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Nubling Otto
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/38—Control of exclusively fluid gearing
    • F16H61/40—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrostatic
    • F16H61/42—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrostatic involving adjustment of a pump or motor with adjustable output or capacity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
    • A23G9/04—Production of frozen sweets, e.g. ice-cream
    • A23G9/08—Batch production
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/38—Control of exclusively fluid gearing
    • F16H61/40—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrostatic
    • F16H61/42—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrostatic involving adjustment of a pump or motor with adjustable output or capacity
    • F16H61/423—Motor capacity control by fluid pressure control means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/38—Control of exclusively fluid gearing
    • F16H61/40—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrostatic
    • F16H61/42—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrostatic involving adjustment of a pump or motor with adjustable output or capacity
    • F16H61/431—Pump capacity control by electro-hydraulic control means, e.g. using solenoid valves

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements of hydraulic drives, and more particularly to a control device for regulating the effective capacity of a hydraulic apparatus.
  • a hydraulic apparatus which comprises, in combination, a pair of rotary meshing gears mounted in a casing and having parallel spaced axes; a control valve including inlet conduit means provided with a supply port and with an outlet conduit means provided with a discharge port; actuating means for turning the control valve; a hollow shaft located in a bore extending in axial direction in the control valve; movable pressure responsive means mounted in the interior of the hollow shaft; and motion-transmitting means connecting the pressure responsive means with the actuating means.
  • the meshing gears define in the casing a working space of constant volume and consisting of a suction chamber located on one side of a plane of symmetry through the axes of the meshing gears, and of a pressure chamber located on the other side of the plane of symmetry.
  • the control valve is arranged turnable in one of the rotary gears in an axially extending inner chamber which is connected by duets with the suction chamber and with the pressure chamber, respectively.
  • the actuating means turn the control valve between a maximum pumping position in which the supply and discharge ports are located on opposite sides of the plane of symmetry defined by the axes of the meshing gears and a minimum pumping position in which the supply port and the discharge port are located on both sides of the plane of symmetry and establish communication between the pressure chamber and the suction chamber for idle circulation of an operating liquid.
  • the movable pressure responsive means communicate through conduit means in the hollow shaft and through a passage in the control valve with the inlet conduit means so as to be actuated by pressure changes.
  • control valve is actuated by the actuating means in accordance with pressure changes sensed by the pressure responsive means to control the effective capacity of the hydraulic apparatus in accordance with the pressure therein.
  • the motion transmitting means include a hydraulic servo motor.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a hollow shaft formed with at least one peripheral groove in its outer surface and at least one passage connecting the groove and the interior of the hollow shaft, rotatable means mounted on the hollow shaft and formed with a plurality of entrance ports, and further formed with a plurality of discharge ports, turnably mounted valve means located in the hydraulic apparatus and having an elongated fluid inlet and an elongated fluid outlet port arranged within the rotatable means movable over the entrance and discharge ports for varying the effective capacity of the hydraulic apparatus, the valve means formed with a bore passing therethrough and connecting the groove with the inlet port, cylinder and piston means mounted in the interior of the hollow shaft of the apparatus and communicating with the hydraulic fluid through the bore, the peripheral groove, and the passage, spring means interconnecting the cylinder and piston of the cylinder and piston means for urging the piston in one direction with respect to the cylinder, the fluid communicating with the cylinder and piston means urging the piston to move in a direction opposite to the one direction, rack means mounted in the shaft and operatively connected
  • the size of the machine is determined by the maximum amount of fluid circulation. A wide regulable range results in a considerable size of the machine and increases the constructional costs of the apparatus;
  • Fig. l is a graph showing the fluid circulation, the fluid pressure and the torque plotted against the number of revolutions of the hydraulic apparatus;
  • Fig. 2 is a partly cross-sectional view through a hydraulic engine on line IIII;
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view through the hydraulic engine shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view through the hydraulic engine on the line IIIIII.
  • Fig. is a cross-sectional view through a hydraulic engine on line IIIIII, showing another position of the control valve.
  • the fluid conveyed by the pump is led into and out of the engine through passages 1 and 2, respectively.
  • the fluid passes through ports 3 and 4 into working chambers 5 and 6 and drives the rotatable gear wheels 7 and 8- of the engine.
  • These wheels are mounted on the stationary shaft 12 by means of bearings 9, and 11.
  • the wheel 8 in the example shown is connected to a cable drum 13 which for example drives a hoisting apparatus.
  • the present invention is not concerned with the constructional details of the engine.
  • the fluid is led from the passages 1 and 2 through grooves 14 and 15, a non-return valve 16 and a channel 17 to cylinder and piston means.
  • two non-return valves 16 are provided, each of which is connected with one of the passages 1 or 2 so that regardless of the direction of rotation of the engine, the fluid pressure can still act on the stepped piston 18.
  • the annular spaces 19 and the bore 33 are connected with the pressure side of the engine and accordingly urge the piston in one direction, and the regulator spring 20 acts in an opposite direction.
  • the piston is pressed against the nut 21, while the spring tension may be adjusted by means of the screw bolt 22.
  • the spring 20 is relieved and therefore moves the slide 23.
  • the latter controls the conduits of a servomotor, known per se.
  • the piston 25 of the servomotor carries at one end a rackbar 26.
  • the latter acts through gear wheels 27, 28 and 29 on the control valve 30.
  • the fluid is led through short hoses to the passages 1 and 2 which turn with the control valve.
  • the whole pressure responsive regulating device 31 is mounted in the stationary shaft 12 and is readily accessible after removal of the cap 34. Fluid from the servomotor, and fluid leaking from the piston 18 flows through bores 35 and through non-return valves, not shown in the drawing, back into one of the two oil passages 1 or 2.
  • valve 30 The operation of the valve 30 is shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • the chambers 36 and 37 forming elongated inlet and outlet ports communicate with the inlet and outlet passages 1 and 2.
  • valve 30 When valve 30 is turned by the gears 28 and 29, the chambers 36 and 37 are turning therewith as shown in Fig. 5. Consequently, the fluid pressed out of chamber 38 is sucked into chamber 39, and the fluid pressed out of chamber 40 is sucked into chamber 41.
  • Only chambers 42 receive fluid from the fluid inlet, so that the amount of circulating fluid is reduced for the same number of revolutions of the rotatable means 7 and 8.
  • chamber 37 receives fluid under pressure and the fluid is discharged through chamber 36, and, consequently, the rotatable means turn in an opposite direction.
  • the grooves 14 and 15 extend circumferentially around the shaft 12 through an angle 4 which is larger than the maximum angle through which the valve 30 is turned.
  • Fig. 2 shows a hydraulic apparatus which is intended to rotate only in one direction. Consequently, only one groove 15 is provided through which the pressure fluid flows through the bore 45 to the channel 17.
  • the nonreturn valve 16 can be omitted in this embodiment.
  • Fig. 1 shows in the form of a graph the results obtained with the above-described regulating device.
  • the fluid pressure regulation begins to be effective at the ordinate marked A.
  • the dotted lines show how the fluid circulation increases and the torque falls in an apparatus not provided with the regulating device of the invention.
  • the corresponding full lines show the values of fluid circulation and fluid pressure at an increasing number of revolutions of the engine in an apparatus controlled according to the invention. It will be noted that in this case the fluid circulation at a high number of revolution is only a fraction of the circulation in unregulated assemblies.
  • a hydraulic apparatus having a fluid flowing therethrough, in combination, a hollow shaft formed with at least one peripheral groove in its outer surface and at least one passage connecting said groove and the interior of the hollow shaft; rotatable means mounted on said hollow shaft and formed with a plurality of entrance ports, and further formed with a plurality of discharge ports; turnably mounted valve means located in the hydraulic apparatus and having an elongated fluid inlet and an elongated fluid outlet port arranged within said rotatable means movable over said entrance and discharge ports for varying the effective capacity of said hydraulic apparatus, said valve means formed with a bore passing therethrough and connecting said groove with said inlet port; cylinder and piston means mounted in the interior of said hollow shaft of said apparatus and communicating with the hydraulic fluid through said bore, said peripheral groove, and said passage; spring means interconnecting the cylinder and piston of said cylinder and piston means for urging said piston in one direction with respect to the cylinder, said fluid communicating with said cylinder and piston means urging said piston to move in a direction opposite to saidone direction; rack means mounted
  • a hydraulic apparatus having a fluid flowing therethrough, in combination, a hollow shaft formed with at least one peripheral groove in its outer surface and at least one passage connecting said groove and the interior of the hollow shaft; rotatable means mounted on said hollow shaft and formed with a plurality of entrance ports, and further formed with a plurality of discharge ports; turnably mounted valve means located in the hydraulic apparatus and having an elongated fluid inlet and an elongated fluid outlet port arranged within said rotatable means movable over said entrance and discharge ports for varying the effective capacity of said hydraulic apparatus, said valve means formed with a bore passing therethrough and connecting said groove with said inlet port; cylinder and piston means mounted in the interior of said hollow shaft of said apparatus and communicating with the hydraulic fluid through said bore, said peripheral groove, and said passage; spring means interconnecting the cylinder and piston of said cylinder and piston means for urging said piston in one direction with respect to the cylinder, said fluid communicating with said cylinder and piston means urging said piston to move in a direction opposite to said one direction; a
  • a hydraulic apparatus having a fluid flowing therethrough
  • a hollow shaft formed with a conduit means connecting the outer surface thereof with the interior thereof
  • rotatable means rotatably mounted on said shaft and formed with a plurality of entrance ports and with a plurality of discharge ports
  • valve means located in the hydraulic apparatus and movably mounted on said outer surface of said hollow shaft and having a fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port arranged within said rotatable means movable over said entrance and discharge ports for varying the eflective capacity of the hydraulic apparatus, said valve means being formed with a passage passing therethrough and connecting said conduit means with said inlet port
  • hydraulic pressure responsive means mounted in the interior of said hollow shaft and communicating through said conduit means and said passage with the fluid flowing through said inlet port, said hydraulic pressure responsive means including a movable member adapted to be actuated by changes in the pressure of the fluid passing through said inlet port; and motion transmitting means interconnecting said movable member of said pressure responsive means and said movably mounted valve means so that said mov
  • a hydraulic apparatus having a fluid flowing therethrough, in combination, a hollow shaft formed with a conduit means connecting the outer surface thereof with the interior thereof; rotatable means rotatably mounted on said shaft and formed with a plurality of entrance ports and with a plurality of discharge ports; valve means located in the hydraulic apparatus and movably mounted on said outer surface of said hollow shaft and having a fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port arranged within said rotatable means movable over said entrance and discharge ports for varying the eifective capacity of the hydraulic apparatus, said valve means being formed with a passage passing therethrough and connecting said conduit means with said inlet port; hydraulic pressure responsive means mounted in the interior of said hollow shaft and communicating through said conduit means and said passage with the fluid flowing through said inlet port, said hydraulic pressure responsive means including a movable member adapted to be actuated by changes in the pressure of the fluid passing through said inlet port; and motion transmitting means including a servo-motor and interconnecting said movable member of said pressure responsive means and said
  • a hydraulic apparatus having a fluid flowing therethrough, in combination, a hollow shaft formed with a conduit means connecting the outer surface thereof with the interior thereof; rotatable means rotatably mounted on said shaft and formed with a plurality of entrance ports and with a plurality of discharge ports; valve means located in the hydraulic apparatus and turnably mounted on said outer surface of said hollow shaft and having a fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port arranged within said rotatable means movable over said entrance and discharge ports for varying the effective capacity of the hydraulic apparatus, said valve means being formed with a passage passing therethrough and connecting said conduit means with said inlet port; cylinder means mounted in the interior of said hollow shaft and communicating through said conduit means in said shaft, and through said passage in said valve means with the fluid flowing through said inlet port; piston means movably mounted in said cylinder means; spring means urging said piston means in one direction to move in said cylinder means, said fluid urging said piston to move in a direction opposite to said one direction; and motion transmitting means interconnecting said piston means and said
  • a hydraulic apparatus in combination a casing; a pair of rotary meshing gears mounted in said casing and having parallel spaced axes, said meshing gears defining in said casing a working space of constant volume and consisting of suction chamber means located on the one side of a plane of symmetry through the axes of said meshing gears, and pressure chamber means located on the other side of said plane of symmetry, one of said rotary gears being formed with an axially extending inner chamber, and with ducts connecting said inner chamber with said suction chamber means and said pressure chamber means, respectively; a control valve turnable in said inner chamber and including inlet conduit means provided with a supply port, and an outlet conduit means provided with a discharge port, said supply and discharge ports being located opposite said ducts; actuating means for turning said control valve between a maximum pumping position in which said supply and discharge ports are located on opposite sides of said plane of symmetry, and a minimum pumping position in which both said supply port and said discharge port are located on both sides of said plane of

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Gearings (AREA)
US226563A 1950-05-20 1951-05-16 Pressure responsive control device for hydraulic apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2721541A (en)

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DE175755X 1950-05-20

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US (1) US2721541A (de)
AT (1) AT175755B (de)
CH (1) CH290412A (de)
GB (1) GB708270A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3126755A (en) * 1964-03-31 Rotary piston engine
US4361419A (en) * 1978-08-08 1982-11-30 Volksbank-Raiffeisenbank Buhl E.G. Gerotor liquid pump mounted on a support bushing

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA988476A (en) * 1972-05-22 1976-05-04 Masao Tsuda Slow descender

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US501959A (en) * 1893-07-25 Automatic throttle for engines
US1341846A (en) * 1918-04-22 1920-06-01 Ellick H Gollings Rotary power device
US1793643A (en) * 1931-02-24 jseaholm
US1975138A (en) * 1923-06-05 1934-10-02 Barco Mfg Company Apparatus for fluid pressure regulation
US2139965A (en) * 1935-08-14 1938-12-13 Power Transmission Company Inc Hydraulic transmission system
US2240874A (en) * 1938-09-23 1941-05-06 Dehavilland Aircraft Rotary fluid-pressure machine
US2420155A (en) * 1941-05-31 1947-05-06 Hydraulic Dev Corp Inc Control mechanism for hydraulic transmissions

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US501959A (en) * 1893-07-25 Automatic throttle for engines
US1793643A (en) * 1931-02-24 jseaholm
US1341846A (en) * 1918-04-22 1920-06-01 Ellick H Gollings Rotary power device
US1975138A (en) * 1923-06-05 1934-10-02 Barco Mfg Company Apparatus for fluid pressure regulation
US2139965A (en) * 1935-08-14 1938-12-13 Power Transmission Company Inc Hydraulic transmission system
US2240874A (en) * 1938-09-23 1941-05-06 Dehavilland Aircraft Rotary fluid-pressure machine
US2420155A (en) * 1941-05-31 1947-05-06 Hydraulic Dev Corp Inc Control mechanism for hydraulic transmissions

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3126755A (en) * 1964-03-31 Rotary piston engine
US4361419A (en) * 1978-08-08 1982-11-30 Volksbank-Raiffeisenbank Buhl E.G. Gerotor liquid pump mounted on a support bushing

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Publication number Publication date
GB708270A (en) 1954-05-05
CH290412A (de) 1953-04-30
AT175755B (de) 1953-08-10

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