US2715194A - X-ray tube comprising a liquid cooled anode - Google Patents

X-ray tube comprising a liquid cooled anode Download PDF

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Publication number
US2715194A
US2715194A US321420A US32142052A US2715194A US 2715194 A US2715194 A US 2715194A US 321420 A US321420 A US 321420A US 32142052 A US32142052 A US 32142052A US 2715194 A US2715194 A US 2715194A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
ray tube
anode
cooled
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US321420A
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English (en)
Inventor
Combee Bart
Houtman Jacobus Marinus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hartford National Bank and Trust Co filed Critical Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Publication of US2715194A publication Critical patent/US2715194A/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
    • H01J35/12—Cooling non-rotary anodes
    • H01J35/13—Active cooling, e.g. fluid flow, heat pipes

Definitions

  • An improvement of the use of a continuous stream of liquid along the surface to be cooled consists in providing a spraying device having a wall furnished with a large number of holes and spaced closely from said surface.
  • This construction has the advantage of producing a strongly turbulent flow of liquid and of utilising the property that the heat transference to the liquid by turbulence is much higher than in the case of a laminar flow along the surface.
  • the present invention has for its object to improve the results of this cooling method. The larger the number of holes the better the result and this structure is susceptible of simplified and inexpensive manufacture.
  • an X-ray tube comprising a liquid-cooled anode
  • the cooling liquid is supplied through a spraying device to the surface to be cooled
  • a movable guide for the liquid is provided between the hot surface and the wall dividing the stream of liquid into thin jets.
  • a further explanation of isle formation is that when the tube is not in use and placed vertically with the anode up, any solid matter present in the liquid settles down on the surface to be cooled. At points where the stream of liquid is laminar, the layer of sludge is not at all removed or much less rapidly than by the liquid jets.
  • the movable guide may be a brush by which the surface to be cooled is swept.
  • Fig. l is a longitudinal section of the X-ray tube
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line HII on a slightly larger scale
  • Fig. 3 is a modified construction of the invention.
  • the glass wall 1 of the X-ray tube comprises reentrant end parts 2 and 3 respectively.
  • the wall is sealed to a rim 4 of an anode 5.
  • the re-entrant part 3 terminates in a glass stem 6 into which two supply conductor 7 and 8 are sealed.
  • the anode 5 for example consisting of copper, is provided at its front surface with a disc-shaped plate 9 usually made from tungsten and serving as a target for the electrons from an incandescent cathode 10.
  • a disc-shaped plate 9 usually made from tungsten and serving as a target for the electrons from an incandescent cathode 10.
  • the incandescent cathode is fastened to a metal plate 12 to which a supply conductor 7 is also secured.
  • the supply conductor 8 passes through an aperture 13 in plate 12 and is connected directly to the incandescent cathode.
  • the aperture 13 may be filled up with a plug 14 of vitreous or ceramic insulating material.
  • the cathode structure is fitted in a metal cap 15 which rests on the glass stem 6 and whose front surface is provided with an elongated aperture 16 for the passage of electrons.
  • the anode 5 exhibits a cavity 17 into which a metal tube 18 extends.
  • This tube opens out into a metal case 19, the diameter of which is a little smaller than that of the anode cavity 17.
  • the flat front surface 20 closing the case 19 is slightly spaced apart from the bottom 21 of the cavity 17 and furnished with a large number of small holes 22 which may be distributed rather arbitrarily over the surface.
  • the wall should not be excessively weakened by said holes and therefore the permissible number of holes is smaller than the quantity desirable for yielding a satisfactory cooling effect.
  • the liquid passes at a considerable rate through the holes in the wall 20 and produces a strongly turbulent circulation in the space between this wall and the bottom 21 of the cavity 17.
  • the cavity 17 is closed by a plate 26 to which is secured a metal exhaust tube 27.
  • movable liquid guide Although still further forms of the movable liquid guide are possible, those are preferred which are so constructed as to be continuously operated by the stream of liquid.
  • One form is shown in Fig. 3 and employs a movable guide 33 having a brush portion 34 which sweeps the surface 21 to be cooled.
  • An X-ray tube comprising an envelope, a cathode, an anode facing the cathode, said anode having a hollow recessed portion on the side thereof remote from said cathode, means coupled to said hollow recessed portion for introducing a cooling medium therein to cool the anode,
  • a spraying device positioned in said recessed portion to circulate said cooling medium over a maximum surface area of said recessed portion of said body, said spraying device including a perforated member having a plurality of openings therein and spaced from a wall portion of said recessed portion, and a movable guide member mounted in the space between said wall portion and said perforated member and adapted to be set into motion by said cooling medium whereby the cooling medium will flow with high turbulence over the surface area to be cooled without forming a laminar layer thereon to effect maximum heat transfer from said anode to said cooling medium.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
US321420A 1951-12-03 1952-11-19 X-ray tube comprising a liquid cooled anode Expired - Lifetime US2715194A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL307466X 1951-12-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2715194A true US2715194A (en) 1955-08-09

Family

ID=19783532

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US321420A Expired - Lifetime US2715194A (en) 1951-12-03 1952-11-19 X-ray tube comprising a liquid cooled anode

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2715194A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE515999A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH307466A (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR1067345A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB704740A (en, 2012)
NL (2) NL165780B (en, 2012)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2886723A (en) * 1956-09-04 1959-05-12 Machlett Lab Inc X-ray tubes
US3079515A (en) * 1960-08-22 1963-02-26 Gen Electric Energy conversion device and methods of making
US3202852A (en) * 1961-04-03 1965-08-24 Standard Oil Co Arc initiator for plasma generator
US3546511A (en) * 1967-07-31 1970-12-08 Rigaku Denki Co Ltd Cooling system for a rotating anode of an x-ray tube
CN109817499A (zh) * 2019-02-01 2019-05-28 中国科学院电子学研究所 高功率密度水冷阳极

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1842313A (en) * 1928-04-11 1932-01-19 Nat Carbon Co Inc Irradiating device
US1972414A (en) * 1931-10-29 1934-09-04 Gen Electric X Ray Corp Electron discharge device
US1994140A (en) * 1931-11-20 1935-03-12 Meeuen Harry Bernard Internal radiator for anodes
US2277430A (en) * 1940-11-07 1942-03-24 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Multiorifice anode
US2617057A (en) * 1949-10-31 1952-11-04 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Liquid cooling of anodes in vacuum discharge tubes, more particularly x-ray tubes

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1842313A (en) * 1928-04-11 1932-01-19 Nat Carbon Co Inc Irradiating device
US1972414A (en) * 1931-10-29 1934-09-04 Gen Electric X Ray Corp Electron discharge device
US1994140A (en) * 1931-11-20 1935-03-12 Meeuen Harry Bernard Internal radiator for anodes
US2277430A (en) * 1940-11-07 1942-03-24 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Multiorifice anode
US2617057A (en) * 1949-10-31 1952-11-04 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Liquid cooling of anodes in vacuum discharge tubes, more particularly x-ray tubes

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2886723A (en) * 1956-09-04 1959-05-12 Machlett Lab Inc X-ray tubes
US3079515A (en) * 1960-08-22 1963-02-26 Gen Electric Energy conversion device and methods of making
US3202852A (en) * 1961-04-03 1965-08-24 Standard Oil Co Arc initiator for plasma generator
US3546511A (en) * 1967-07-31 1970-12-08 Rigaku Denki Co Ltd Cooling system for a rotating anode of an x-ray tube
CN109817499A (zh) * 2019-02-01 2019-05-28 中国科学院电子学研究所 高功率密度水冷阳极

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB704740A (en) 1954-02-24
NL77920C (en, 2012)
CH307466A (de) 1955-05-31
BE515999A (en, 2012)
NL165780B (nl)
FR1067345A (fr) 1954-06-15

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