US2710801A - Non-diffusing polymeric reducing agents for photographic color emulsions - Google Patents
Non-diffusing polymeric reducing agents for photographic color emulsions Download PDFInfo
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- US2710801A US2710801A US282490A US28249052A US2710801A US 2710801 A US2710801 A US 2710801A US 282490 A US282490 A US 282490A US 28249052 A US28249052 A US 28249052A US 2710801 A US2710801 A US 2710801A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- color
- emulsion
- stain
- solution
- diffusing
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims description 79
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title description 4
- -1 SILVER HALIDE Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 29
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 25
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 21
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 21
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 11
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- GWYFZTJDIQALEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C(C=C)=C1 GWYFZTJDIQALEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- CLFRCXCBWIQVRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C(C=O)=C1 CLFRCXCBWIQVRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- MCLKERLHVBEZIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(carboxymethyl)-2,5-dihydroxyphenyl]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC(O)=C(CC(O)=O)C=C1O MCLKERLHVBEZIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UWRZIZXBOLBCON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenamine Chemical compound NC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 UWRZIZXBOLBCON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000687 hydroquinonyl group Chemical group C1(O)=C(C=C(O)C=C1)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)-4-[4-[[4-[4-[(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]phenyl]benzamide Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2NC(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C2=O AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001043 yellow dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- PUMHAUPXEYAWAK-BMBKGLOLSA-N (Z)-2-(1-amino-2-phenylethenyl)but-2-enedioic acid Chemical compound NC(=CC1=CC=CC=C1)/C(=C/C(=O)O)/C(=O)O PUMHAUPXEYAWAK-BMBKGLOLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000043 benzamido group Chemical group [H]N([*])C(=O)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- VKONPUDBRVKQLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC1CCC(O)CC1 VKONPUDBRVKQLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HAAYBYDROVFKPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;azane;nitrate Chemical compound N.N.[Ag+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O HAAYBYDROVFKPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004992 toluidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003799 water insoluble solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
- G03C7/30—Colour processes using colour-coupling substances; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
- G03C7/392—Additives
- G03C7/396—Macromolecular additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F16/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F16/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an alcohol radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
- G03C1/053—Polymers obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
Definitions
- This invention relates to color photography and particularly to a method for preventing the formation of color fog or stain in photographic emulsions.
- color-forming or coupler compounds combine with the development product of aromatic amino photographic developers to produce dyes.
- the color formers or couplers may be added directly to the emulsion layers or may be incorporated in the developing solution as described in Fischer U. S. Patent 1,102,028, granted June 30, 1914, or they may be incorporated in a waterper'meable medium which is insoluble in the carrier for the sensitive silver salt as described in Marines and Godowsky U. S. Patent 2,304,940, December 15, 1942, and Jelley and Vittum U. S. Patent 2,322,027 granted June 15, 1943. Y
- a difficulty frequently encountered in these processes is the formation of color f'og or stain.
- dye fog is frequently formed in the emulsion layer. This is because the developing agent has been oxidized to some extent by the action of the air and the oxidized developer tends .to couple with the color-forming compound at places in the photographic material where no silver image is produced. It is well known that in these processes the dye should be formed only where the silver halide is -reduced to metallic silver, thereby oxidizing the developing agent to a form which couples with the color former. Once the developing agent is oxidized, it couples immediately with the color former whether a photographic image is present or not.
- a further object is to provide suitable non-diiiusing re- United States Patent-O the use of these simple reducing agents for preventing or ice ducing agents for incorporation in color photographic materials.
- a further object is to provide a color forming photographicemulsion having non-diffusing couplers and non-diffusing stain or fog inhibitors incorporated therein.
- Compounds having this structure include polyvinyl polymers comprising units such as the following: 1 -'cHr-cn- 0111+ on OH -OH HO HO Vinyl hydroquinonemethacrylic acid interpolymer 4 CH2-CH CH- coon dooH H 1 Vinyl hydroouinonemalelc acid inter-polymer 5 -GHCHCH -QH- "Vinyl bydroqiiii1one-pqne'thyl styrene inter-polymer- "vin y i byerif innbile:sa-uniretn i styrene nitrpoiimer' Vinyl hydroquinonevinyl naphthalene interpolymer 9 CH2CHCH2CH c o 0.11. -on
- EXAMPLE 1 Polyvinyl gentisal Fifty-five and five-tenths grams of aqueous polyvinyl alcohol gel (17.28% solids) and 40.5 cc. of distilled water were heated on a steam bath with mechanical stirring in a three-necked flask equipped with stirrer, reflux condenser, and an inlet for dry nitrogen. Dry nitrogen was passed over the reaction mixture. When a smooth dope was obtained, 3 grams of gentisaldehyde followed by a solution of 12 cc. of concentrated hydrochloric acid diluted to cc. with distilled water, were added. Precipitation of a cake occurred. Heating and stirring under nitrogen was continued for 4 hours during which time redoping occurred to yield a smooth dope.
- the dope was poured in a fine stream into 3 liters of absolute ethyl alcohol, and the fibrous precipitate was extracted with ethyl alcohol in a Soxhlet extractor for 44 hours.
- the product was dried in a vacuum desiccator under constant water pump vacuum. Yield, 7 grams.
- EXAMPLE 2 Polyacrylyl ascorbic acid Eight grams of polyacrylic anhydride were suspended in 100 ml. of dry pyridine. To this was added 0.86 cc. of distilled water, and the reaction mixture was refluxed for 20 minutes. Four grams of ascorbic acid were added and refluxing was continued for 30 minutes. A smooth dope, only slightly discolored, was obtained. Five cc. of distilled water were added and refluxing continued for another 3 minutes. The dope was poured into 1 liter of t-butyl alcohol and the precipitate obtained washed with fresh t-butyl alcohol.
- the product was given three reprecipitations from pyridine (100 cc.) into t-butyl alcohol (1 liter), with additional washing with fresh t-butyl alcohol on the suction funnel after each precipitation. After the last precipitation, washing and filtering as dry as possible on the funnel, the solid was dispersed in 100 cc. of distilled water. The air above the dope was displaced by nitrogen, and the sample was stored in an ice chest until used.
- EXAMPLE 4 Salt of ethylene diamine and 2,5-dihydrxy-p-benzene diacetic acid To a stirred solution of 9.0 g. (0.025 mole) of 2,5-dihydroxy-p-benzene diacetic acid in 400 cc. of absolute ethanol there was added slowly with stirring 2.6 g. (0.044 mole) of ethylene diamine dissolved in 200 cc. of absolute ethanol. The reaction mixture was then heated at 50 for one hour, cooled, and the salt filtered with suction. After drying at 60 in vacuo, it melted at 203 to 204. The yield was almost quantitative.
- Polyamide from the salt of ethylene diamine and 2,5dihydraxy-p-benzenediacetic acid One gram of the salt of 2,5-dihydroxy-p-benzenediacetic acid with ethylene diamine was heated in a 20-mm. Pyrex test tube at 0.3 mm. at 190 to 195 until most of the white salt had fused hour). The reaction tube was cooled, the solid ground up, and extracted with water, and finally with alcohol. The purified solid was then dried in vacuo. Polyamides prepared in this manner at temperatures from 190-220 with reaction times from to 2 hours were insoluble in water, alcohol, and acetone, but soluble in dilute alkali.
- EXAMPLE 5 Salt of ethylene glycol bisQS-aminoethyl) ether and 2,5-dihyar0xy-p-benzenediacetic acid
- a solution of 13.0 g. (0.08 mole) of ethylene glycol bis (B-aminoethyl) ether and 300 cc. of absolute ethanol was added with stirring to a solution of 18.3 g. (0.081 mole) of 2,S-dihydroxy-p-benzenediacetic acid in 500 cc. of absolute alcohol and the mixture allowed to stand at 50 for one hour. salt filtered and dried in vacuo at 60, M. P. 217-218". The yield was 21 g. of salt (68 per cent yield). Additional salt was obtained from the mother liquors by evaporation.
- our polymeric stain inhibitors may be either water-soluble or oil-soluble, and therefore may be incorporated either directly in a gelatin emulsion, or first incorporated in a water-insoluble solvent.
- Water solubility is preferably, but not necessarily obtained by the presence of the saltforming -COOH groups included in the molecule; bases other than sodium hydroxide or other caustic alkali, for example, sodium carbonate or bicarbonate, may be used to effect solution.
- Oil solubility is enhanced by having in the molecule, alkyl, aryl or ester groups.
- EXAMPLE 6 Polyvinyl hydroquinone 2.56 g. of the magenta coupler 1-[4(2"-sulfobenzamido)phenyl]-3-stearamido-5-pyrazolone was dissolved in a mixture of 12 cc. of ethanol and 6 cc. of 20% aqueous sodium hydroxide. The solution was diluted with cc. of water and 2.5% citric acid solution added to bring the pH of the solution to 6.5, after which the volume of the neutralized solution was brought to 200 cc. To this solution was then added a solution of 0.16 g. of the antistain agent polyvinyl hydroquinone in 16 cc. of 50% ethanol. The resulting solution was mixed with 200 cc. of a melted silver halide gelatin emulsion and coated. This coating showed markedly lower stain densities than were obtained with a similar coating without the antistain agent.
- acetaminobenzenesulfonyl) N('y-phenylpropyl)p toluidine and 0.2 gram of the polymeric anti-stain agent was dissolved in 15 cc. of di-n-butylphthalate by heating to C.
- the hot solution was poured with stirring into a solution prepared by mixing 60 cc. of 10% gelatin, 25
- the hot mixture was then passed several times through a colloid mill to obtain a uniform fine dispersion which was mixed with 150 cc. of a melted sensitive AgBr gelatin emulsion and coated on a transparent film support. After drying and exposure, color processing produced a bright yellow dye image which had distinctly lower yellow stain in the unexposed areas than was obtained with a similar coating from which the polymeric anti-stain agent was omitted.
- EXAMPLE 9 Copolymer of vinyl hydroquinone and 3,4-dimelhyl styrene A solution was prepared by heating to C. a mixture of 6 grams of the coupler 3-(benzoylacetamino)3- (4-tert-amylphenoxy) benzanilide, 0.6 gram of the polymeric anti-stain agent and 15 cc. of quinitol di-Z-ethylhexoate. The hot solution was poured with stirring into 150 cc. of an aqueous solution containing 8 grams of gelatin and 0.8 gram of Alkanol B. The mixture was passed several times through a colloid mill and then added to 140 cc.
- EXAMPLE 10 Copolymer of vinyl hydroquinone and butyl methacrylate
- a solution of 4.6 grams of the coupler Z-(diamylphenoxyacetamino)-4,6-dichloro-S-methylphenol and 0.65 gram of the polymeric anti-stain agent in 10 cc. of di-nbutylphthalate was prepared by heating a mixture of the components to 150 C. The hot solution was poured with stirring into 160 cc. of an aqueous solution of 5.5 grams of gelatin and 0.7 gram of Alkanol B. The resulting mixture was recycled through a colloid mill for five minutes, and the resulting fine dispersion was mixed v with 140 cc. of a melted sensitive AgBr gelatin emulsion.
- EXAMPLE 12 Polyvinyl gentisal A mixture of grams of the coupler l-hydroxy-2- [a-(2,4-diamylphenoxy)-n-butyl]-naphthamide and 0.5 gram of the polymeric anti-stain agent was dissolved in 30 cc. of tri-cresylphosphate by heating to 140 C. The hot solution was poured with stirring into a solution prepared by mixing 115 cc. of 10% gelatin, 35 cc. of 5% Alkanol B and 200 cc. of water. The whole mixture was then passed several times through a colloid mill. The resulting fine dispersion was mixed with 315 cc. of a melted sensitive AgBr gelatin emulsion and coated.
- EXAMPLE l3 Condensation product of gentisaldehyde and the copolymer of amino styrene and maleic acid 3.2 grams of the coupler l-[4'-(2-sulfobenzamido)- phenyl]-3-stearamidmS-pyrazolone was dissolved in a mixture of 15 cc. of ethyl alcohol and 7.5 cc. of NaOH. The resulting solution was diluted with 200 cc. of water and the pH adjusted to 6.5 by the addition of 5% citric acid solution. This solution was then mixed with 250 cc.
- EXAMPLE 14 Polyamide from ethylene glycol bis-(fl-amirzoethyl) ether and 2,5-dihydr0xy-p-benzene diacetic acid 20 grams of the coupler 1-phenyl-3- ⁇ 3'-[2"-(2"',4'- di-tert. amylphenoxy)-5"-(3", 5"-dicarbornethoxyphenylcarbamylvaleramido) benzamido]-benzamido ⁇ -5- pyrazolone was dissolved in a mixture of cc. of ethyl alcohol and 45 cc. of 25% NaOH. This solution was diluted to 600 cc.
- EXAMPLE 15 Condensation product of gentisaldehyde and the copolymat of aminostyrene and maleic acidc0upler in solvent dispersion
- Five grams of the coupler Z-(diamylphenoxyacetamino)-4,6-dichloro-S-methylphenol was dissolved in 15 grams of di-n-butylphthalate by heating to 150 C.
- the hot solution was poured with stirring into cc. of an aqueous solution of 5 grams of gelatin and 0.7 gram of Alkanol B.
- the resulting mixture was passed five times through a colloid mill, then mixed with 50 cc.
- Our compounds are employed in amounts of from 0.5% to 20% of the amount of coupler used in the emulsion although more or less of the non-diffusing stain inhibitors may be employed.
- Vehicles other than gelatin may be used in our emulsions, e. g., polyvinyl alcohol, casein and its derivatives, gelatin derivatives, water-permeable cellulose derivatives, polyacrylamides and polyvinyl acetals, or mixtures of these with gelatin.
- Our agents can be used in single layer or multi-laycr emulsion coatings or in mixed grain systems of the type described in Mannes and Godowsky U. S. Patent 2,388,859 and Fierke and Chechak U. S. Patent 2,490,749.
- Our stain inhibitors are particularly useful with paper materials where it is important to reduce the minimum or fog densities. This applied both to negative developing paper and to reversal paper. Our stain inhibitors may, of course, also be used with transparency materials.
- a color-forming photographic emulsion having reduced fogging tendency comprising a silver halide emulsion having incorporated therein a non-diifusing color coupler and, as an inhibitor of color stain, a non-diffusing polymeric compound having as part of its molecule recurring units containing at least two hydroxyl groups, two of which hydroxyl groups are part of the structure:
- a color-forming photographic emulsion having reduced fogging tendency comprising a silver halide emulsion having incorporated therein a non-difiusing color coupler and, as an inhibitor of color stain, a non-diffusing polymeric compound comprising a polymeric hydrocarbon chain having attached thereto recurring units containing two or more hydroxyl groups, two of which groups are part of the structure:
- a color-forming photographic emulsion having reduced fogging tendency comprising a silver halide emulsion having incorporated therein a non-diffusing color coupler and as an inhibitor of color stain, a non-dilfusing polyvinyl hydroquinone.
- a color-forming photographic emulsion having reduced fogging tendency comprising a silver halide emulsion having incorporated therein a non-difiusing color coupler and as an inhibitor of color stain, a non-diffusing copolymer of vinyl hydroquinone and styrene.
- a color-forming photographic emulsion having reduced fogging tendency comprising a silver halide emulsion having incorporated therein a non-diffusing color coupler and as an inhibitor of color stain, a non-diffusing polyvinyl gentisal.
- a color-forming photographic emulsion having reduced fogging tendency comprising a silver halide emulsion having incorporated therein a non-diifusing color coupler and as an inhibitor of color stain, a non-diffusing polyacrylyl ascorbic acid.
- a color-forming photographic emulsion having reduced fogging tendency comprising a silver halide emu1- sion having incorporated therein a non-diffusing color coupler and as an inhibitor of color stain, a non-diffusing polymer containing hydroquinone units.
- a color-forming photographic emulsion having reduced fogging tendency comprising a silver halide emulsion having incorporated therein a non-difiusing color coupler and as an inhibitor of color stain, a non-diffusing interpolymer of vinyl hydroquinone and another polymerizable compound.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE549815D BE549815A (d) | 1952-04-15 | ||
BE519219D BE519219A (d) | 1952-04-15 | ||
US282490A US2710801A (en) | 1952-04-15 | 1952-04-15 | Non-diffusing polymeric reducing agents for photographic color emulsions |
GB10358/53A GB738683A (en) | 1952-04-15 | 1953-04-15 | Improvements in colour photography |
FR1098016D FR1098016A (fr) | 1952-04-15 | 1953-04-15 | Perfectionnements à la photographie en couleurs |
US525366A US2816028A (en) | 1952-04-15 | 1955-07-29 | Polymeric gentisamide antistain agents for color photography |
FR1163009D FR1163009A (fr) | 1952-04-15 | 1956-07-28 | Nouvelle émulsion photosensible pour la photographie en couleurs et produits photographiques comprenant une telle émulsion |
GB23400/56A GB825421A (en) | 1952-04-15 | 1956-07-30 | Improved antistain agents for colour photography |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US282490A US2710801A (en) | 1952-04-15 | 1952-04-15 | Non-diffusing polymeric reducing agents for photographic color emulsions |
US525366A US2816028A (en) | 1952-04-15 | 1955-07-29 | Polymeric gentisamide antistain agents for color photography |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2710801A true US2710801A (en) | 1955-06-14 |
Family
ID=26961483
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US282490A Expired - Lifetime US2710801A (en) | 1952-04-15 | 1952-04-15 | Non-diffusing polymeric reducing agents for photographic color emulsions |
US525366A Expired - Lifetime US2816028A (en) | 1952-04-15 | 1955-07-29 | Polymeric gentisamide antistain agents for color photography |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US525366A Expired - Lifetime US2816028A (en) | 1952-04-15 | 1955-07-29 | Polymeric gentisamide antistain agents for color photography |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US2710801A (d) |
BE (2) | BE549815A (d) |
FR (2) | FR1098016A (d) |
GB (2) | GB738683A (d) |
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2931271A (en) * | 1955-08-03 | 1960-04-05 | Polaroid Corp | Sheet stock for dichroic dye light-polarizing means and process of preparation |
US2933474A (en) * | 1958-10-02 | 1960-04-19 | Du Pont | Vinyl or allyl salicylate-ethylene copolymers and chelates thereof |
US3186970A (en) * | 1961-07-31 | 1965-06-01 | Polaroid Corp | Preparation of polyhydroxyaryl partial acetals of polyvinyl alcohol |
US3267073A (en) * | 1962-09-04 | 1966-08-16 | Rohm & Haas | Hydrophilic redox vinyl polymers containing quinone groups |
US3459548A (en) * | 1967-07-24 | 1969-08-05 | Polaroid Corp | Scavengers for oxidized developing agent |
US3996160A (en) * | 1975-02-24 | 1976-12-07 | Dynapol Corporation | Hydroquinonoid ortho-alkylation polymers and the process of their production |
US4065435A (en) * | 1973-12-21 | 1977-12-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Water-soluble polymers and process for producing the same |
DE3126322A1 (de) * | 1980-07-04 | 1982-05-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami-Ashigara, Kanagawa | Farbphotographisches empfindliches material |
DE3142592A1 (de) * | 1980-10-27 | 1982-07-15 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami-Ashigara, Kanagawa | Farbphotographisches, lichtempfindliches silberhalogenidelement |
US4412050A (en) * | 1981-01-05 | 1983-10-25 | Polaroid Corporation | Linear polymers from blocked vinyl biphenyl compounds |
EP0147854A2 (en) | 1983-12-29 | 1985-07-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive materials |
EP0209118A2 (en) | 1985-07-17 | 1987-01-21 | Konica Corporation | Silver halide photographic material |
US4983506A (en) * | 1987-10-14 | 1991-01-08 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic material |
USH1092H (en) | 1989-06-08 | 1992-08-04 | Akira Kobayashi | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material |
EP0532192A1 (en) * | 1991-09-12 | 1993-03-17 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Silver halide imaging materials |
US5434041A (en) * | 1993-04-02 | 1995-07-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic elements containing particular color couplers in combination with hydroquinone type stabilizers |
EP0800113A2 (en) | 1996-04-05 | 1997-10-08 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material |
US6479198B2 (en) * | 2000-02-01 | 2002-11-12 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide light-sensitive material containing tanning developing agent |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4264766A (en) * | 1877-09-19 | 1981-04-28 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Immunological diagnostic reagents |
US4366238A (en) * | 1981-06-25 | 1982-12-28 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic materials |
DE4338105A1 (de) * | 1993-11-08 | 1995-05-11 | Agfa Gevaert Ag | Farbfotografisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial |
JP3468432B2 (ja) * | 1994-08-17 | 2003-11-17 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料 |
US5871894A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1999-02-16 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2268630A (en) * | 1937-01-21 | 1942-01-06 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Color photography |
US2360290A (en) * | 1941-07-31 | 1944-10-10 | Eastman Kodak Co | Preventing formation of color fog in emulsions |
US2418613A (en) * | 1945-07-30 | 1947-04-08 | Eastman Kodak Co | Fog inhibitors for photographic emulsions |
-
0
- BE BE519219D patent/BE519219A/xx unknown
- BE BE549815D patent/BE549815A/xx unknown
-
1952
- 1952-04-15 US US282490A patent/US2710801A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1953
- 1953-04-15 FR FR1098016D patent/FR1098016A/fr not_active Expired
- 1953-04-15 GB GB10358/53A patent/GB738683A/en not_active Expired
-
1955
- 1955-07-29 US US525366A patent/US2816028A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1956
- 1956-07-28 FR FR1163009D patent/FR1163009A/fr not_active Expired
- 1956-07-30 GB GB23400/56A patent/GB825421A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2268630A (en) * | 1937-01-21 | 1942-01-06 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Color photography |
US2360290A (en) * | 1941-07-31 | 1944-10-10 | Eastman Kodak Co | Preventing formation of color fog in emulsions |
US2418613A (en) * | 1945-07-30 | 1947-04-08 | Eastman Kodak Co | Fog inhibitors for photographic emulsions |
Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2931271A (en) * | 1955-08-03 | 1960-04-05 | Polaroid Corp | Sheet stock for dichroic dye light-polarizing means and process of preparation |
US2933474A (en) * | 1958-10-02 | 1960-04-19 | Du Pont | Vinyl or allyl salicylate-ethylene copolymers and chelates thereof |
US3186970A (en) * | 1961-07-31 | 1965-06-01 | Polaroid Corp | Preparation of polyhydroxyaryl partial acetals of polyvinyl alcohol |
US3267073A (en) * | 1962-09-04 | 1966-08-16 | Rohm & Haas | Hydrophilic redox vinyl polymers containing quinone groups |
US3459548A (en) * | 1967-07-24 | 1969-08-05 | Polaroid Corp | Scavengers for oxidized developing agent |
US4065435A (en) * | 1973-12-21 | 1977-12-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Water-soluble polymers and process for producing the same |
US3996160A (en) * | 1975-02-24 | 1976-12-07 | Dynapol Corporation | Hydroquinonoid ortho-alkylation polymers and the process of their production |
US4345016A (en) * | 1980-07-04 | 1982-08-17 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Color photographic sensitive material |
DE3126322A1 (de) * | 1980-07-04 | 1982-05-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami-Ashigara, Kanagawa | Farbphotographisches empfindliches material |
US4358534A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1982-11-09 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide color photographic light-sensitive element |
DE3142592A1 (de) * | 1980-10-27 | 1982-07-15 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami-Ashigara, Kanagawa | Farbphotographisches, lichtempfindliches silberhalogenidelement |
US4412050A (en) * | 1981-01-05 | 1983-10-25 | Polaroid Corporation | Linear polymers from blocked vinyl biphenyl compounds |
EP0147854A2 (en) | 1983-12-29 | 1985-07-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive materials |
EP0209118A2 (en) | 1985-07-17 | 1987-01-21 | Konica Corporation | Silver halide photographic material |
US4983506A (en) * | 1987-10-14 | 1991-01-08 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic material |
USH1092H (en) | 1989-06-08 | 1992-08-04 | Akira Kobayashi | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material |
EP0532192A1 (en) * | 1991-09-12 | 1993-03-17 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Silver halide imaging materials |
US5800974A (en) * | 1991-09-12 | 1998-09-01 | Imation Corp. | Silver halide imaging materials |
US5434041A (en) * | 1993-04-02 | 1995-07-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic elements containing particular color couplers in combination with hydroquinone type stabilizers |
EP0800113A2 (en) | 1996-04-05 | 1997-10-08 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material |
US6479198B2 (en) * | 2000-02-01 | 2002-11-12 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide light-sensitive material containing tanning developing agent |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB738683A (en) | 1955-10-19 |
BE519219A (d) | |
FR1163009A (fr) | 1958-09-22 |
FR1098016A (fr) | 1955-07-15 |
US2816028A (en) | 1957-12-10 |
BE549815A (d) | |
GB825421A (en) | 1959-12-16 |
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