US2710428A - Apparatus for spinning yarn - Google Patents

Description

J1me 1955 F. E- NUTTER ETAL APPARATUS FOR SPINNING YARN 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 15, 1951 June 14, 1955 F. E. NUTTER ETAL 2,710,438

APPARATUS FOR SPINNING YARN Filed March 1.5,1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 lllll llillll I 1H? I] IIH United States Patent O T APPARATUS FOR SPINNING YARN.

Frank Everett Nutter and Ernest I. Spence, Sanford, Maine, assignors to Goodall-Sanford, Inc., Sanford, Maine, a corporation of Maine Application March 15, 1951-, Serial No. 215,672

' 2 Claims. 01. 19-130 This invention relates to the manufacture of spun yarn, and has for its general object to provide a novel method of and apparatus for making spun yarn bywhich the number of operations, and consequently the amount of labor, required to reduce a relatively large and bulky sliver on the order of the large and bulky sliver as it comes from the gill machine to a spun yarn of the desired count is substantially decreased. I

According to the usual practice the gill sliver as it comes from the final gilling operation, is subjected to several drafting and doubling operations in order to reduce it to roving form, and then the roving is subjected to a final drafting operation on a spinning machine which imparts to the drafted roving a spinning twist and then winds the resulting yarn on a bobbin or other yarn carrier.

Our invention provides a novel method by which the large and bulky sliver on the order of that which is delivered from the final gill operation is reduced to the form of spun yarn by a single machine which receives the large and bulky sliver at one end and delivers the spun yarn from the other end, thereby eliminating the several separate drafting'and doubling operations now commonly employed in reducing the gill or any other similar sliver to roving form, and also eliminating the necessity for using the various drafting and doubling machines required for these eliminated operations, as well as the labor required to operate such machines Our invention, therefore, reduces to a considerable extent the time required to produce spun yarn from a large and bulky sliver on the order of a gill sliver, and in addition it eliminates the waste which is a necessary accompaniment of the various drafting operations involved in the so-called Bradford system.

Our invention is capable of being used for making spun a blend of relatively long and relatively short fibers. Y

Another feature of the invention when used for spinningyarn of this type is that the yarn is relatively free from slubs and coarse places, much more free than similar yarn produced by the method now commonly employed. 7

In order to give an understanding of the invention, we haveillustrated in the drawings a selected embodiment thereof which will now be described, after which the novel features will be pointed out in the appended claims.

Qln the drawings, v

' Figure 1 is a fragmentary side view of a spinning machine embodying our invention.

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2, Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary view illustrating the'driving' connections for the compression rolls and the various drawing rolls of the machine.

In the drawing 1 indicates a portion of the frame of a spinning machine embodying our invention and Z'indicates a can containing a coil of a large and bulky sliver 3 on the order of'a gill sliver as it has been delivered from the last gilling operation. Such a sliver is rather large and bulky and more or less open, although the fibers rection.

comprising the sliver have been arranged in substantial parallelism by the various gilling operations and the sliver may be in the form of a blend of relatively long fibers and relatively short fibers.

In accordance with our invention the relatively large and bulky sliver 3, as it is withdrawn from the can 2, is compressed radially and condensed thereby reducing it to a relatively small compact sliver in which the fibers have substantially the same parallel arrangement and distribution as they had in the bulky sliver, after which the relatively small compact sliver is subjected to two successive drafting operations, the first of which reduces the compacted sliver to roving form, and the other of which gives the roving the final draft and thus prepares it to receive the spinning twist by which it is converted into a spun yarn.

The condensing or compacting of the sliver 3 is accomplished herein by passing it between two especially formed compression rolls 5 and 6 which are shown as mounted on the frame 1. The roll 5, which is a driven roll, is provided with a peripheral groove 7 into which the sliver 3 is delivered by means of a trumpet or other guide 8. The companion compression roll 6 is formed with a circumferential flange 9 which is of a width to fit in the groove 7 of the roll 5 as shown in Fig. 2.

The trumpet 8 not only guides the large, soft and bulky sliver 3 into the groove 7 of the compression roll 5 but it acts to partially compress and condense said sliver 3 prior to its passage between the compression rolls 5 and 6.

The top compression roll 6 is a pressure roll which acts to condense and compress the sliver 3 in the groove 7 as said sliver passes between the compression rolls.

Pressure may be applied to the presser roll 6 in any suitable way, and as herein shown we have provided spring means for applying the desired pressure to said roll.

The grooved roll 5 is mounted on a driven shaft 10 and the upper presser roll 6 is freely rotatable on a stud shaft 11 carried by an arm 12 which is pivoted at 13 to a supporting frame 14 that is mounted on the main' frame 1.

The free end 15 of the arm 12 is acted upon by a spring 16 which exerts a downward pressure on the arm which transmits such downward pressure to the top roll '6.

Means are provided for adjusting the tension of the spring 16 and for this purpose the supporting frame 14 carries a bracket 17 to which is secured an upstanding rod 18 that passes through the coil spring 16 and has an adjusting nut 19 threaded on its upper end. The spring 16 rests on a foot member 20 through which the rod 18 extends and which engages the free end 15 of the arm 12.

. By adjusting the nut 19 downward the force which the spring 16 exerts on the arm 12 can be regulated as required. The groove 7 in the lower compression roll 5 is relatively narrow, it preferably having a width no greater than the diameter of the sliver 3 as it leaves the trumpet 8, and hence the action of the two compression rolls-is to compress the sliver in a vertical direction while preventing any spreading thereof in a horizontal "di- As the compressed sliver leaves the compression rolls 5, 6, the fibers thereof have the same parallel arrangement and the same distribution as that given to them by the repeated gilling operations, whether the fibers are all substantially of the same length, or whether the sliver is made up of a blend of relatively long fibers:

on the order of mohair fibers and relatively short fibers on the order of cotton fibers.

The compressed sliver 21 which is delivered from the compression rolls 5, 6, is very much smaller in diameter than the large bulky sliver 3 and thefibers are in relatively compact form. This compact sliver 21 is then Patented June 14, 1955- given a first stage drafting operation between the compression rolls 5, 6 and a set of rolls 22, 25, 24 which are arranged one above the other and in contact with each other as best seen in Fig. 1. The bottom roll 24 is positively driven, the other rolls 22, 23- being in the form of idler rolls.

The roll 24 is driven at a surface speed considerably greater than the surface speed of the driven roll and as a result the compacted sliver 21 which passes over the upper roll 22 and between the rolls 22, 23, around the roll 23 and then between the rolls 23, 24, is subjected to a drafting operation between the rolls 22, 23 and the compression rolls 5, 6. In this drafting operation the rolls 5, 6 function as back rolls which de termine the speed at which the sliver is delivered, and the rolls 22, 23 function as front drawing rolls by which the portion 21 of the compacted sliver is attenuated and further reduced in size.

The machine herein shown also includes a pair of front drawing off rolls 25, 26 through which the attenuated sliver passes after it is delivered from the rolls 23, 24, the roll 25 being a driven roll and the roll 26 being a weighted roll which is rotated by its frictional engagement with the roll 25.

Situated between the rolls 23, 24 and the front rolls 25, 26 are carrier rolls 27, 28 and cooperating tumbler rolls 29, 30, these rolls being such as are commonly employed in drafting apparatus operating according to the Bradford system. The carrier rolls 27, 28 are positively driven, the rolls 29 and 39 being rotated by frictional contact with the rolls 27, 28.

The sliver which has received a first stage drafting operation between the compression rolls 5, 6 and the rolls 22, 23, receives a second stage drafting operation between the rolls 23, 24 and the front rolls 25, 26, and for this purpose the roll 25 is driven at a surface speed considerably in excess of that of the roll 24. If the sliver is composed of relatively long and relatively short fibers, the drafting of the long fibers will take place between the rolls 23, 24 and the front drawing ofi rolls t 25, 26, while the drafting of the relatively short fibers will occur between the front carrier roll 28 and the front drawing off rolls 25, 26. in other words, the rolls 23, 24 constitute the drawing off rolls for the first stage drafting operation and also the back rolls for the drafting of the long fibers during the second stage drafting operation, and the rolls 28, 30 constitute the back rolls for the drafting of the short fibers during the second stage drafting operation. The weight on the tumbler rolls 29, 30 is not sufficient to prevent the long fibers from being pulled between the rolls 27, 29 and. 28, 30 by the front drawing ofi rolls 25, 26 during the second stage drafting operation, but is sufficient to hold the short fibers in position and to enable the rolls 28, 30 to function as back rolls for the drafting of the rela tively short fibers.

We will preferably provide a standard grooved guide 32 between the carrier rolls and directly in the rear of the front carrier roll 28, which guide holds the fibers from spreading when entering the front drawing off rolls 25, 26.

The roving 33 as it is delivered from the front drawing off rolls 25, 26 may be given a spinning twist by which it is converted into a spun yarn, which is then wound on a bobbin carrier. In the construction shown the spinning twist is obtained through the medium of a flyer frame 34 and the spun yarn is wound on a bobbin carrier in the form of a spool 35.

Referring to Fig. 3, the front rolls 25 are shown as mounted on a shaft 36 which is driven by a suitable gear 37, and the shaft 36 is connected by suitable reducing gearing 38 to the shaft 39 on which the rolls 24 are mounted. The carrier rolls 27 28, which are mounted on shafts 41 and 42, are driven from the shaft 39 by means of gearing 43. The shaft 10 carrying the driven compression rolls 5 is connected to and driven from the shaft 39 by means of a train of gearing 40.

As illustrating the operation of our invention, if it is assumed that the sliver taken from the cam 2 weighs drams per 40 yards length, said sliver may be given a draft of three during the first stage drafting operation between the compression rolls 5, 6 and the rolls 22, 23, 24. This first stage drafting operation would thus reduce the bulk or weight of the end to 40 drams per 40 yards length.

If the drawing off rolls 25, 26 are driven at a speed to provide a draft of 13% during the second stage drafting operation. the sliver or roving issuing. from the drawing off rolls would be reduced to approximately 3 drams per 40 yards length and would be in proper condition to receive the spinning twist from the flyer frame by which it is spun into yarn. The impoved method herein de' scribed of reducing a bulky sliver containing both long and short fibers to a spun yarn not only effects a substantial saving in labor and machinery because it elimitates the repeated drafting and doubling operations usually employed according to the so-called Bradford system between the gilling operation and the final spinning of the roving to form the spun yarn, but it also effects a saving because it eliminates the relative large waste of short fiber material inherent in the operation of the Bradford process.

Furthermore, yarn composed of a blend of long and short fibers produced by our improved method is smooth and of uniform size and is free from slubs and coarse places caused by imperfect distribution of the very short fiber that often result from the repeated roller draftings and doublings of the Bradford system.

We claim:

I. A spinning machine for producing yarn dircctly from a large and bulky sliver which comprises a sup porting frame, a pair of rolls mounted thereon and be tween which the sliver passes, one of which rolls has a circumferential groove with parallel sides and the other of which constitutes a pressure roll and has a circumferential flange operating in said groove, said flange having a thickness equal to the width of the groove, means to guide said sliver to the grooved roll, means applying pressure to the pressure roll to compress and condense said sliver as it passes through said groove, a second pair of rolls situated on the delivery side of the first pair of rolls and between which the sliver passes, means operating the second pair of rolls at a faster surface speed than the first pair of rolls thereby to subject the sliver to a first stage drafting operation, a third pair of rolls on the delivery side of the second pair of rolls and between which the partially attenuated sliver passes, means to rotate the third pair of rolls at a faster speed than that of the second pair of rolls thereby to subject the sliver to a second stage drafting operation between the second and third pairs of rolls, said second pair of rolls constituting both the drafting rolls for the first stage drafting operation and the back rolls providing the back roll grip onthe sliver for the second stage drafting operation.

2. A spinning machine for producing yarn directly from a large and bulky sliver which comprises a supporting frame, a pair of rolls mounted thereon and between which the sliver passes, one of which rolls is a bottom roll and has a circumferential groove with parallel sides and the other of which is a top roll and has a circumferential flange operating in said groove, a lever pivoted at one end to said frame, means mounting the top roll on the lever at a point intermediate its ends, a rod anchored at one end to the frame and extending through the free end of said lever, a nut on the outer end of the rod, a spring surrounding the rod and interposed between the nut and the lever by which the desired pressure is applied to the top roll, means for guiding said sliver into the groove of the bottom roll, a second pair of rolls situated on the delivery side of the first named pair of rolls, means operating the second pair of rolls at a faster surface speed than that of the grooved roll thereby to subject the sliver to a first stage drafting operation between the grooved roll and the second pair of rolls, a third pair of rolls on the delivery side of the second pair of rolls and between which the sliver passes, means to rotate the third pair of rolls at a faster speed than that of the rolls of the second pair, thereby to subject the sliver to a second stage drafting operation, said second pair of rolls constituting both the drafting rolls for the first stage operation and the back rolls providing the back roll grip on the sliver for the second stage drafting operation.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

Claims (1)

1. A SPINNING MACHINE FOR PRODUCING YARN DIRECTLY FROM A LARGE AND BYLKY SLIVER WHICH COMPRISES A SUPPORTION FRAME, A PAIR OF ROLLS MOUNTED THEREON AND BETWEEN WHICH THE SLIVER PASSES, ONE OF WHICH ROLLS HAS A CIRCUMFERENTIAL GROOVE WITH PARALLEL SIDES AND THE OTHER OF WHICH CONSTITUTES A PRESSURE ROLL AND HAS CIRCUMFERENTIAL FLANGE OPREATING IN SAID GROOVED, SAID FLANGE HAVING A THICKNESS EQUAL TO THE WIDTH OF THE GROOVE, MEANS TO GUIDE SAID SLIVER TO THE GROOVED ROOL, MEANS APPLYING PRESSURE TO THE PRESSURE ROLL TO COMPRESS AND CONDENSE SAID SLIVER AS IT PASES THROUGH SAID GROOVE, A SECOND PAIR OF ROLLS SITUATED ON THE DELIVERY SIDE OF THE FIRST PAIR OF ROLLS AND BETWEEN WHICH THE SLIVER PASSES, MEANS OPERATING THE SECOND PAIR OF ROLLS AT A FASTER SURFACE SPEED THAN THE FIRST PAIR OF ROOLS THEREBY TO SUBJECT THE SLIVER TO A FIRST STAGE DRAFTING OPERATION, A THIRD PAIR OF ROLLS ON THE DELIVERY SIDE OF THE SECOND PAIR OF ROLLS AND BETWEEN WHICH THE PARTIALLY ATTENUATED SILVER PASSES, MEANS TO ROTATE THE THIRE PAIR OF ROLLS AT A FASTER SPEED THAN THAT OF THE SECOND PAIR OF ROLLS THEREBY TO SUBJECT THE SLIVER TO A SECOND STAGE DRAFTING OPERATION BETWEEN THE SECOND AND THIRD PAIRS OF ROLLS, SAID SECOND PAIR OF ROLLS CONSTITUTING BOTH THE DRAFTING ROLLS FOR THE FIRST STAGE DRAFTING OPERATION AND THE BACK ROLLS PROVIDING THE BACK ROLL GRIP ON THE SLIVER FOR THE SECOND STAGE DRAFTING OPERAION.

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