US2702231A - Dextran filament manufacture - Google Patents

Dextran filament manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
US2702231A
US2702231A US242903A US24290351A US2702231A US 2702231 A US2702231 A US 2702231A US 242903 A US242903 A US 242903A US 24290351 A US24290351 A US 24290351A US 2702231 A US2702231 A US 2702231A
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United States
Prior art keywords
dextran
weight
parts
ether
filament
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Expired - Lifetime
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US242903A
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English (en)
Inventor
George L Deniston
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commonwealth Engineering Company of Ohio
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Commonwealth Engineering Company of Ohio
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Priority to US242903A priority Critical patent/US2702231A/en
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Publication of US2702231A publication Critical patent/US2702231A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/04—Dry spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
    • D01F2/26—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from nitrocellulose

Definitions

  • FIG-2 a L. DENISTON 2,702,231
  • the present invention contemplates the provision of a new and novel fiber having as the basic material an ether of a polysaccharide.
  • the invention further contemplates the provision of a new and novel process utilizable for the attainment of the fiber of invention.
  • the invention conceives the incorporation of a nitrocellulose lacquer and a dextran ether in a common solvent or solvents to form a viscous mass, which mass may be extruded in the standard spinnerets and the fibers having a diameter in the range of about .002 to .004 inch, which fibers may be formed into a tow before winding or which may be wound separately and later twisted and woven or interlaced into yarns and fabrics.
  • the dextran ether may be produced by the method described in U. S. Patent 2,239,980 and should be of the type which is insoluble in water as set forth in Example I of that patent.
  • An ethyl ether of dextran also insoluble in water as described in U. S. Patent 2,344,179 may also be used in the practice of the invention.
  • the preferred nitrocellulose lacquer contains low visv cosity nitrocellulose and is soluble in cellosolve, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, cyclohexanol acetate and amyl hexanone acetate.
  • the dextran ether should be present in the dextran ether-' nitrocellulose lacquer composition to the extent of not less than about 80% by weight.
  • the composition may also contain suitable plasticizers which are particularly effective in connection with nitrocellulose lacquer such as castor oil, camphor, diethyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, dibutyl phthalate, diamyl phthalate, butyl stearate.
  • suitable plasticizers which are particularly effective in connection with nitrocellulose lacquer such as castor oil, camphor, diethyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, dibutyl phthalate, diamyl phthalate, butyl stearate.
  • castor oil is to be preferred as the plasticizing agent.
  • Diluents which are non-solvents for the dextran ether and the nitrocellulose lacquer but which are miscible with the solvents may also be employed.
  • Toluene, benzene and the petroleum naphthas are effective for the practice of the invention.
  • composition of dextran ether, nitrocellulose lacquer, plasticizer and diluent is first prepared and then extruded through the fine holes of a spinneret and the extruded filaments are hit with a hot air blast having a temperature in the range of about 135 to 400 P. which dries the filaments.
  • the filaments are then wound up on a drum rotating at a speed of approximately 3000 to 5000 feet per minute.
  • the filament extruding from the spinneret may be passed through guides
  • the filaments extruded from the spinneret may be twisted together prior to winding on the bobbin.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the apparatus utilized in the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Example I There is shown in Figure 1 a tank 1 containing a viscous mass 2 the solids of which mass consist by weight of:
  • the viscous mass may be passed into spinneret 4 and is extruded therefrom in separate or individual filaments into a chamber 5 which at its upper end 6 is provided with a channel 7 for the admission of hot air to the filaments.
  • This hot air blast has a temperature in the range of 300-400 F. and is regulated so that the filaments 8 are not placed in contact but are dried as they pass down the chamber '5 and through filament guides indicated generally at 9 tov the rotating drum 10 upon which the individual dried filaments are wound.
  • These filaments are suitable for twisting together and weaving into yarns and fabrics.
  • Example 11 drying of the extruded filaments within about 10 feet of travel at speeds of about 3,000 feet per minute.
  • Example Ill The procedure in the present case is the same as set forth in Examples l and 11 except that the composition may contain by weight the benzyl ether of dextran to the extent of about by weight and the low viscosity nitrocellulose to the extent of about 10% by weight, and approximately 3% of dibutyl phthalate and 2% castor oil.
  • the solvent utilized may be butyl acetate to the extent of about 20% by weight of the solids, and a thinner, that is toluene, may also be employed to the extent of about 10% by weight of the solids.
  • the air blast temperature should in this instance be approximately ISO- F. in order' to effect satisfactory drying of the filaments at a speed of 3,000 feet per minute over a 10 foot distance.
  • Example IV The procedure is the same as set forth in the prior examples except that in this instance the ethyl ether of dextran produced as described in U. S. Patent 2,344,179, and assigned to the same assignee as the present invention, is utilized. This ethyl ether of dextran is soluble in the alcohols, cellosolves, and acetones.
  • composition of invention in the present instance comprised 88% by weight of ethyl dextran, 10% by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose, and 2% by weight of castor oil.
  • the solvent utilized may be ethylene glycol monoethyl ether to the extent of about 20% by weight on the solids present, and the temperature hot air blast in this instance should be in the range of about 300 to 400 F.
  • the other conditions of operation may be the same as set forth in Example I.
  • Example V In Figure 2 of the drawings there is illustrated at 20 a spinnerethaving apertures at 21 and below which is positioned a chamber 22 into which filaments forced from the spinneret 20 pass.
  • Hot'air blast 23 similar to that described in connection with Example I forces the filaments as they are dried into a tow as indicated at 24, the tow then being wound up on a spindle 25.
  • a guide 26 placed forwardly of the vertical length of the chamber assists the twisting of the filament into the tow condition.
  • a spinnable composition for the production of a fiber comprising 80 parts by weight of a dextran ether selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble benzyl dextran and water-insoluble ethyl dextran, parts by weight ofylow viscosity nitrocellulose, and 30 parts by weight of a common solvent for the ether and nitrocellulose.
  • a dextran ether selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble benzyl dextran and water-insoluble ethyl dextran, parts by weight ofylow viscosity nitrocellulose, and 30 parts by weight of a common solvent for the ether and nitrocellulose.
  • a spinnable composition for the production of a fiber comprising 85 parts by weight of water-insoluble benzyl ether of dextran, about 15 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose, and parts by weight of ethyl acetate.
  • a spinnable composition for the production of a fiber comprising 85 parts by weight of water-insoluble benzyl ether of dextran, 10 parts by Weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose, 3 parts by weight of dibutyl phthalate, 2 parts by weight of castor oil, and 20 parts by weight of butyl acetate.
  • a spinnable composition for the production of a fiber comprising 88 parts by weight of water-insoluble ethyl dextran, 10 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose, 2 parts by weight of castor oil, and 20 parts by weight of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether.
  • a method of producing a fiber comprising the steps of extruding a viscous mass of from 80 to 90 parts by weight of a dextran ether selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble benzyl dextran and water-insoluble ethyl dextran and from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose dissolved in a common solvent, through a filament-forming device, and drying the solvent from the extruded fiber by subjecting the fiber to air heated to a temperature of 200 to 400 as it proceeds from the filament-forming device.
  • a dextran ether selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble benzyl dextran and water-insoluble ethyl dextran and from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose dissolved in a common solvent
  • a method of producinga fiber comprising the steps of extruding a viscous mass of from 80 to 90 parts by weight of a dextran ether selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble benzyl dextran and waterinsoluble ethyl dextran and from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose dissolved in a common solvent, through a filament-forming device, and passing the extruded fiber through a stream of air heated to a temperature of 200 to 400 F. as it proceeds from the fila-' ment-formingdevice to remove solvent therefrom.
  • a dextran ether selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble benzyl dextran and waterinsoluble ethyl dextran and from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose dissolved in a common solvent
  • a method of producing a fiber comprising the steps of extruding a viscous mass of from 80 to 90 parts by weight of a dextran ether selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble benzyl dextran and water-insoluble ethyl dextran and from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose dissolved in a common solvent, through a filament-forming device, and passing the extruded fiber, as it proceeds from the filament-forming device, through a hot air blast having a temperature in the range of between about l35-l40 F. to remove solvent therefrom.
  • a method of producing a fiber comprising the steps of extruding a viscous mass of from 80 to 90 parts by weight of'a dextran ether seiected from the group con; sisting of water-insoluble benzyl dextran and water-1nsoluble ethyl dextran and from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose dissolved in a common solvent, through a filament-forming device, and passing the extruded fiber, as it proceeds from the filament-forming device, through a hot air blast having a temperature in excess of the boiling point of the solvent to remove solvent therefrom.
  • a process of producing a filament comprising the steps of extruding a viscous mass containing from 80 to parts by weight of a water-insoluble benzyl ether of dextran, from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose and a solvent for the ether and nitrocellulose through a filament-forming device to form a filament, passing the filament, as it proceeds from the filamentforming device, through a hot air blast to evaporate said solvent completely therefrom, and winding the filament on a rotating drum.
  • a process of producing a fiber comprising the steps of extruding a viscous mass containing from 80 to 90 parts by weight of a water-insoluble ethyl ether of dextran, from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether through a filament-forming device having a plurality of openings therein to form a group of filaments, passing the filaments, as they proceed from the filament-forming device, through a hot air blast to dry the same, grouping the filaments into a tow, and winding up the tow on a revolving drum.
  • a fiber consisting essentially of from 80 to 90 parts by weight of a water-insoluble ether of dextran selected from the group consisting of benzyl dextran and ethyl dextran and from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose.
  • a fiber consisting of 80 parts by weight of an ether of dextran selected from the group consisting of waterinsoluble benzyl dextran and water-insoluble ethyl dextran and 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose.
  • a fiber consisting of 80 parts by weight of a waterinsoluble benzyl ether of dextran and 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose.
  • a fiber consisting of 88 parts by weight of a waterinsoluble ethyl ether of dextran and about 10.parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose.
  • a group of filaments comprising a tow, each of said filaments consisting essentially of from 80 to 90 parts by weight of a water-insoluble ether of dextran selected from the group consisting of benzyl dextran and ethyl dextran and from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose.
  • a group of filaments comprising a tow, each of said filaments consisting essentially of from 80 to 90 parts by Weight of a water-insoluble ether of dextran selected from the group consisting of benzyl dextran and ethyl dextran, from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose and a plasticizer.
  • a spinnable fiber-forming composition consisting essentially of a mixture of from 80 to 90 parts by weight of a water-insoluble dextran ether selected from the group consisting of benzyl dextran and ethyl dextran, from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose, and a common solvent for the dextran ether and nitrocellulose.
  • a spinnable fiber-forming composition consisting essentially of. as total solids. about 80 parts by weight of a water-insoluble dextran ether selected from the group consisting of benzyl dextran and ethvl dextran, and about 20 parts by weightof low viscosity nitrocellulose.
  • a spinnable fiber-forming composition consisting essentially of a mixture of from 80 to 90 parts by weight of a water-insoluble dextran ether selected from the group consisting of benzyl dextran and ethvl dextran, from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose, a common solvent for the dextran ether and nitrocellulose, and a diluent.
  • a spinnable fiber-forming composition consisting essentially of a mixture of from 80 to 90 parts by weight of a water-insoluble dextran ether selected from the group consisting of benzyl dextran and ethyl dextran, from 10 to 20 parts by weight of low viscosity nitrocellulose, a common solvent for the dextran ether and nitrocellulose, a diluent, and a plasticizen (References on following page) References Cited in the file of this patent 5,133,352 03 11 ....1 gug. 27. t yeta.- ug. 31,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US242903A 1951-08-21 1951-08-21 Dextran filament manufacture Expired - Lifetime US2702231A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US242903A US2702231A (en) 1951-08-21 1951-08-21 Dextran filament manufacture

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US242903A US2702231A (en) 1951-08-21 1951-08-21 Dextran filament manufacture
GB29387/54A GB766283A (en) 1954-10-12 1954-10-12 Improvements in or relating to the production of synthetic filaments of fibers from dextron ether compositions

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US2702231A true US2702231A (en) 1955-02-15

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US242903A Expired - Lifetime US2702231A (en) 1951-08-21 1951-08-21 Dextran filament manufacture

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US (1) US2702231A (forum.php)
BE (1) BE532441A (forum.php)
CH (1) CH331174A (forum.php)
DE (1) DE1013390B (forum.php)
FR (1) FR1109362A (forum.php)
GB (1) GB766283A (forum.php)
NL (1) NL86572C (forum.php)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2768097A (en) * 1954-03-08 1956-10-23 Ohio Commw Eng Co Shaped articles comprising regenerated cellulose
US2768913A (en) * 1954-10-22 1956-10-30 Ohio Commw Eng Co Cigarette filter tips from dextran
US2787518A (en) * 1955-09-20 1957-04-02 Ohio Commw Eng Co Dextran solutions
US2972178A (en) * 1955-08-30 1961-02-21 Ohio Commw Eng Co Fibers, yarns and filaments of waterinsoluble dextran

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113089111B (zh) * 2021-04-02 2022-07-15 济宁市纤维质量监测中心 纺织纺丝高效处理方法及处理装置

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US563214A (en) * 1896-06-30 Harry m
US1991533A (en) * 1932-08-02 1935-02-19 Pyroxylin Products Inc Lacquer for brush application and process of making the same
US2203703A (en) * 1937-07-29 1940-06-11 Commw Engineering Corp Ethers of dextran
US2203705A (en) * 1938-02-26 1940-06-11 Commw Engineering Corp Soluble benzyl ether of dextran
US2204981A (en) * 1937-06-16 1940-06-18 Du Pont Coating composition
US2213126A (en) * 1938-04-07 1940-08-27 Interchem Corp Textile marking composition
US2328036A (en) * 1938-02-26 1943-08-31 Ohio Commw Eng Co Process of producing soluble benzyl ethers of dextran
US2344180A (en) * 1938-02-26 1944-03-14 Chemical Developments Corp Soluble benzyl ether of dextran
US2344179A (en) * 1939-11-24 1944-03-14 Chemical Developments Corp Ethyl ether of dextran
US2468920A (en) * 1946-01-12 1949-05-03 Du Pont Hammered metal finish compositions

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US563214A (en) * 1896-06-30 Harry m
US1991533A (en) * 1932-08-02 1935-02-19 Pyroxylin Products Inc Lacquer for brush application and process of making the same
US2204981A (en) * 1937-06-16 1940-06-18 Du Pont Coating composition
US2203703A (en) * 1937-07-29 1940-06-11 Commw Engineering Corp Ethers of dextran
US2203705A (en) * 1938-02-26 1940-06-11 Commw Engineering Corp Soluble benzyl ether of dextran
US2328036A (en) * 1938-02-26 1943-08-31 Ohio Commw Eng Co Process of producing soluble benzyl ethers of dextran
US2344180A (en) * 1938-02-26 1944-03-14 Chemical Developments Corp Soluble benzyl ether of dextran
US2213126A (en) * 1938-04-07 1940-08-27 Interchem Corp Textile marking composition
US2344179A (en) * 1939-11-24 1944-03-14 Chemical Developments Corp Ethyl ether of dextran
US2468920A (en) * 1946-01-12 1949-05-03 Du Pont Hammered metal finish compositions

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2768097A (en) * 1954-03-08 1956-10-23 Ohio Commw Eng Co Shaped articles comprising regenerated cellulose
US2768913A (en) * 1954-10-22 1956-10-30 Ohio Commw Eng Co Cigarette filter tips from dextran
US2972178A (en) * 1955-08-30 1961-02-21 Ohio Commw Eng Co Fibers, yarns and filaments of waterinsoluble dextran
US2787518A (en) * 1955-09-20 1957-04-02 Ohio Commw Eng Co Dextran solutions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE532441A (forum.php) 1958-02-14
NL86572C (forum.php) 1957-10-15
GB766283A (en) 1957-01-16
DE1013390B (de) 1957-08-08
CH331174A (fr) 1958-07-15
FR1109362A (fr) 1956-01-25

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