US2695539A - Hydraulic vise - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 30, 1954 Filed Dec. 5, 1952 c. E. GRUENINGER 2,695,539

HYDRAULIC VISE 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.

CARL E. GRUENINGER A OR/YEK Nov. 30, 1954 c. E. GRUENINGER 2,695,539

HYDRAULIC VISE Filed Dec. 5, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 11 TZOR/VEK Nov. 30, 1954 c. E. GRUENINGER 2,695,539

HYDRAULIC VISE Filed Dgc. 5, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. 87 86 CARLE. GRUENI NGER A 0E/YEK United States Patent Office 2,695,539 Patented Nov. 30, 1954 HYDRAULIC VISE Carl E. Grueninger, Milwaukee, Wis.

Application December 5, 1952, Serial No. 324,377

2 Claims. (Cl. 81-17.2)

The invention relates to tools and more particularly to vises and has for its general object the provision of a novel vise with improved means for creating hydraulic pressure to force the movable jaw of the vise toward a stationary jaw and in which the clamping action upon the work is brought about.

Another object of the invention is to provide a vise in which the working parts are operated hydraulically, and are of simple and rugged construction.

The invention has for a further object to provide a hydraulic vise of a simple design whereby pressure on a ram type piston forces a movable jaw toward a stationary jaw, and compresses a spring which, upon the release of hydraulic pressure, will expand to automatically separate the jaws.

To the attainment of the foregoing and other objects and advantages, the invention preferably consists in the details of construction and the arrangement and combination of parts, to be hereinafter more fully described, claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a top plan View of the vise.

Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the vise.

Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal cross-section through the vise, taken at the line 3--3 in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is an end view in cross-section, taken at the line 4-4 in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a side elevational view of the vise assembled with the novel mounting bracket.

Figure 6 is a top plan view of the mounting bracket, and

Figure 7 is a side elevational view of the mounting bracket.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 10, designates a suitable support, such as a bench, a table or the like, upon which the bracket 11 is mounted and onto which the vise 12 is temporarily positioned.

The vise itself which may be conveniently formed as a casting includes a base 13 having a pair of flanges 14 provided with slots 15 for engagement with pins 16 associated with the bracket member 11, the base and the flanges being tapered at opposite ends 17 and 18 for mounting the vise in locked engagement with the tapered recesses in the bracket as referred to by numerals 19 and 20. Associated with the base 13 and secured thereto with any suitable fastening elements 35 is the stationary jaw column 21 having an integral tubular guide shank 22 and a jaw 23.

Slidably mounted on the tubular shank 22 is the base column 24 of a movable jaw retaining member 25 having a jaw member 26 adapted to cooperate with the jaw 23.

One end portion of the shank 22 is hollow, as shown in Figure 3, to provide an oil chamber 27 which is to be partially filled with oil, and from this chamber leads a cylindrical bore or passage 28 which is closed by a threaded plug 29 as illustrated in Figure 4.

One end of the lower section of column 24 is hollow, as shown in Figure 3, to provide a chamber 30 which is to retain one end 31 of a coil spring 32. The other end 33 of the spring being engaged in a recess 34 formed in the lower part of column 21. One end of the upper section of column 24 is also hollow as shown in Figure 3, to provide a chamber 36 in which the free end 37 of a hydraulic plunger shown as 38, is freely accommodated. The other end of the plunger 38 is movable within an open-end tube which forms a piston chamber 39 and is welded to a removably mounted plate 43, the plunger 38 having a suitable packing 40 and a retaining washer 41 held thereon at its extreme end by a fastening element shown as a screw 42.

The piston chamber 27 is associated with the removable plate 43, which is provided with a recess 44 forming one end of the oil chamber 27, and shown held in place by bolts 45. The open end of the tube forming the piston chamber 39 confronts the movable jaw chamber 36, and its opposite end is provided with an end closure 46 having an inlet passage 47 and an outlet passage 48, the tube being welded or attached in any other convenient manner to the removable plate 43. A pressure relief valve 49 is mounted in an aperture 50 in the upper portion of the plate 43 adjacent the piston chamber 39 and has a knurled head 51 for finger gripping manual operation, and a shank 52 and associated tapered needle valve 53. The valve 53 is utilized to open passage 48 for flow of fluid from passage 48 to a return passage 54. Suitable packing 55 may be used to prevent any leakage through aperture 50.

The end closure 46 isbored and threaded for holding a plug 56 in threaded engagement therewith, with the inner end of said plug recessed to provide a relatively large axial passageway 57 and a smaller diameter passageway 58 whereby the passageway 57 may mount a valve ball 59 which opens inwardly permitting communication between passages 57 and 58 and also with a radial passageway 60 which extends through the plug 56 so as to register with the inlet passageway 47.

The numeral 61 designates a pumping mechanism having a plunger 62 movable within an enlarged pump 63 in a casing 93 integral with the member 43. The upper end of the plunger 62 moves freely through an apertured closure or threaded tap 64, threadedly engaged with the member 43 as illustrated in Figure 4. A suitable packing 65 prevents leakage between the plunger 62 and the apertured closure 64. A passageway 66 connects the pump 63 with passage 28. Flow of fluid from passage 28 through passageway 66 and into the pump cylinder 63 is controlled by valve ball 67 which moves inwardly. The upper end of the plunger 62 extends outward through the threaded plug 64 and is forked at 68 and connected to an operating lever 69 by means of a pin 70 with one end of the lever being pivotally carried by a link 71 connected to a bracket 72 integral with the casing 93 of the pumping mechanism. Any suitable connecting means may be used for connecting link 71 to bracket 72 and the lever 69 with the link 71 as designated by numerals 73 and 74 respectively.

The exterior surface of the closure 46 is partially knurled to form a hand grip in cooperation with a front holder 75, which may be held firmly in association with column 21 through the medium of a threaded end 76 inserted in a threaded aperture 77 formed in the column 21.

The mounting bracket 11 comprises a base 78 having the tapered recesses 20 at one end, and enlarged depending section 79 at the other end, with the end 79 being bored and threaded to hold a threaded stem 80 for movement therein. The free end of the stem 80 has a collar 81 having an aperture in which a lever 82 may be held. Interposed between the threaded section of stem 80 and collar 81 and adjacent the collar 81 is a base engagement or collar 89 which engages the tapered recess 17. Integral with the base 78 is a column 83 which is engaged in an adjustable bracket 84 which may be secured to the column 83 through the medium of a lever 85 and a screw 86 arrangement which is employed to readily draw together separable ends 87 forming a part of the bracket 84. Integral with the separable ends is an extension 88 which may be readily connected or attached to the bench 10.

The operation of this device is as follows: When it is desired to move the movable jaw column 24 toward the stationary jaw column 21, the lever 69 of the pump mechanism is moved upwardly whereby the plunger 61 is raised creating a vacuum in the pump cylinder 63 and sucking the oil from the oil chamber 27 into the passage 28 where the oil flows into passage 66 past the raised ball valve 67 and into the pump cylinder. As the lever is moved downwardly, the plunger 61 moves downwardly in the pump cylinder forcing the ball valve 67 onto its seat and forcing the oil out of the pump cylinder 63 into passageway 47 and then into passage 60, passage 58, past ball valve 59 and into enlarged opening 57 and into the chamber 39. As the actuation of the pump continues, greater amounts of oil are forced into the chamber 39 until suflicient pressure has been built up to force the hydraulic piston 38 forward and accordingly push the movable column 24 toward the stationary column 21. As the jaws 23 and 24 move toward clamping position, the spring 32 is compressed and exerts a force tending to move the column 24 away from column 21. This is inelfective while the greater hydraulic force is being exerted. When it is desired to unclamp the work, the knurled relief valve head 51 is manually rotated, raising the needle valve 53 out of its seat and opening passageway 48 to passage 54. The oil thereupon flows from the chamber 39 through passage 48 into passage 54 and back into the oil chamber 27. The pressure built up in the chamber 39 is lowered sufficiently below the force exerted by compressed spring 32 whereby the column 24 is forced away from column 21 by the expansion of the spring 32.

Some times it is desirable to remove the vise with a work piece clamped between the jaws from one machine to another. This is readily accomplished by manually operating the lever and screw device designated by the numerals 82 and 80, respectively, whereby the collar 89- may be readily disengaged from base 13.

There may be instances when it is desirable to use different types of jaws 23 and 26 respectively. Substitution of jaws are readily carried out by providing locking mechanism as designated by jaw supports 90 and 91 held in the column 21 and 24 respectively by any suitable fastening elements 92 whereby by simple manual manipulation of the fastening means, substitution of the jaws may be made.

While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown and described, it should be understood that thedisclosure is merely an exemplification of the principles involved, as the right is reserved to make all such changes in the details of construction as will widen the field of utility and increase the adaptability of the device, provided such changes constitute no departure from the function of the invention or the scope of the claims hereunto appended.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent in the United States is:

1. A vise including a fixed and a movable jaw column,

said fixed column provided with an extension having a longitudinally extending bore closed at one end and said fixed column having a recess adjacent said extension, said movable column being slidable along said extension and having oppositely disposed openings at each end, an end plate closing the open end of said extending bore and providing means for mounting a piston and cylinder, the free end of said piston being movable within one of said oppositely disposed openings for moving said movable jaw column toward said fixed jaw column, and a spring, said spring having one end mounted within the other of said oppositely disposed openings and its other end extending into said recess, said spring causing said movable jaw column to move away from said fixed jaw column.

2. A vise including a fixed and a movable jaw column, said fixed column provided with an extension having a longitudinally extending bore closed at one end and said fixed column having a, recess adjacent said extension, said movable column being slidable along said extension and having oppositely disposed openings at each end, an end plate closing the open end of said extending bore and providing means for mounting a piston and cylinder, said bore comprising an oil chamber, said cylinder communieating with said oil chamber, a pump, said pump forcing oil from said chamber to said cylinder for exerting pressure against said piston, the free end of said piston being movable within one of said oppositely disposed openings for moving said movable jaw column toward said fixed, jaw column, and a spring, said spring having one end mounted within the other of said oppositely disposed openings and its other end extending into said recess within said fixed column, said spring causing said movable jaw column to move away from said fixed jaw column,

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 978,067 Schwanengel Dec. 6, 1910 2,308,099 Obecny Jan. 12, 1943 2,313,348 Kvapil Mar, 9, 1943 2,565,999 Teglas et al, Aug. 28, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 591,756 Great Britain Aug. 27, 1947

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