Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
  • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/22—Alkylation reaction products with aromatic type compounds, e.g. Friedel-crafts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2207/024—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
  • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
  • C10M2219/046—Overbased sulfonic acid salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
  • C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/14—Group 7
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
  • C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
  • C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
  • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives

Definitions

• This invention relates to hydrocarbon lubricating oil compositions and to improvement agents to be incorporated therein, and includes methods of producing the same. More particularly, this invention relates to hydrocarbon lubricating oil compositions for use as crankcase oils in passenger automobiles and especially heavy-duty truck, bus, aeroplane, marine and diesel engines which operate for long periods of time at high temperatures.
• a number of oil-soluble anti-oxidants have been developed to inhibit or retard such oxidational changes to reduce the deterioration of the lubricating oil and obviate these undesirable effects.
• substituted and unsubstituted alkylidene bis-(4,6-dialkylphenols) have been employed in such a capacity and have greatly improved the resistance of hydrocarbon lubricating oil compositions to oxidational changes and have substantially inhibited or retarded deterioration of the oil and the development of undesirable decomposition products.
• One consequence of this has been to reduce the corrosion of metallic parts such as alloy bearings in the engine and to thus minimize the deleterious effects of oil deterioration on cylinders, pistons and other relatively moving engine parts.
• hydrocarbon lubricating oil compositions including alkylidene bis-phenols and their methods of preparation are set forth in U. S. Letters Patent 2,515,906-8 and 2,570,402 and it is a principal purpose of the present invention to improve the operating characteristics of such oil compositions containing the alkylidene bis-phenols set forth therein.
• alkylidene bis-phenols are listed, primarily for purposes of illustration and such is not to be construed as limitative in any way of the scope of the inventive concept: 2,2'-methylene bis(4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol); 2,2-methylene bis(4-methyl-fi-t-octylphenol);
• the alkylidene bis-phenols may be used in such pro portions as to stabilize the lubricating oil composition and retard or inhibit the oxidation or deterioration thereof. It has been found that the addition of from about 0.01 up to about 3.0 per cent by weight of these compounds to a lubricating oil subject to oxidational changes will substantially inhibit or greatly retard the formation of objectionable oxidation or decomposition products which are injurious or corrosive to metallic engine parts. The exact amount of inhibitor employed in any particular case, however, will depend upon the nature of the base oil stock used, as well as upon the severity of the operating conditions to which it is intended to be subjected, upon the presence of any other lubricating oil additives which may be utilized in the composition, and so forth.
• the various oil-soluble basic organic sulfonates which are effective to produce the compositions of the present invention are the basic petroleum or mahogany sulfonates which are well-known products in the oil industry and are produced by methods well-known in the art. These are preferable to use because of their availability and relatively inexpensive nature.
• Other basic oil-soluble organic sulfonates may be employed- We may use, for example, any basic alkyl or aryl sulfonate, provided it is sufiiciently oil-soluble for its intended purposes and does not contain any chemical group which could react with alkali to prevent the over-neutralization required to supply the required basicity.
• these oil-soluble surface-active organic sulfonates in the form of their basic metal salts, preferably the basic alkaline earth metal salts.
• the various metal salts which may be employed are those of the salt forming radicals, calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium, lead and other polyvalent metals such as zinc, cobalt, tin and aluminum.
• the term basic organic sulfonate includes those sulfonates which are sufficiently overneutralized so as to contain a minimum of 20% metal in excess of the amount theoretically required to form the ordinary neutral organic sulfonate.
• This excess of metal may be introduced into the sulfonic acid by methods disclosed in U. S. Patent 2,501,7312 and 2,585,520.
• the desired excess of metal may be introduced and held by the organic sulfonates by employing an alcohol as the carrying medium for the metal in the reaction with the sulfonic acid.
• methanol may be reacted with barium oxide to form what is believed to be barium methylate or perhaps a hydroxy-methoxy barium compound.
• This may be reacted with a petroleum sulfonic acid or an oil-soluble organic sulfonic acid to produce a complex containing a substantial amount of barium over and above that which is present in an ordinary neutral sulfonate.
• barium oxide may be reacted with the methanol in a quantity suflicient to provide at least about 20% of excess barium when reacted with the sulfonic acid to form the final product.
• the excess of barium must not be lower than about 20%. Therefore, as used herein, the term basic as applied to a petroleum sulfonic acid salt or an oilsoluble organic sulfonic acid salt includes only those sulfonates having at least about 20% or greater excess metal over that found in the corresponding neutral sulfonic acid salt.
• These basic sulfonates may be used in such proportions as to substantially retard or inhibit the tendency of the oil composition containing the alkylidene bisphenol to form objectionable lacquer-like deposits.
• the percentages of these inhibiting amounts will naturally depend upon the nature of the base stock used, upon the amount of and the particular alkylidene bisphenol used as an inhibitor therein, upon the severity of the operating conditions to which the oil composition is to be subjected, and so forth.
• the finished hydrocarbon lubricating oil composition may also contain other additives, such as oiliness and extreme pressure agents such as phosphorus or sulfur containing organic compounds; viscosity index improvers such as high molecular weight resins; pour point depressants such as high molecular weight polymers or waxnaphthalene condensation products; detergents such as metallic sulfonates or phenolates, foam inhibitors such as silicones; and other improvement agents, as desired.
• oiliness and extreme pressure agents such as phosphorus or sulfur containing organic compounds
• viscosity index improvers such as high molecular weight resins
• pour point depressants such as high molecular weight polymers or waxnaphthalene condensation products
• detergents such as metallic sulfonates or phenolates, foam inhibitors such as silicones
• foam inhibitors such as silicones
• the resistance of our improved lubricating oils to varnish and lacquer-like formation was demonstrated by the results of the following tests.
• the particular alkylidene bis-phenol selected for test purpose was 2,2-methylene bis(4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol) but such was merely for illustrative purposes and is not to be considered limitative of the inventive concept.
• the particular test procedure employed was a Chevrolet L4 test wherein the engine was operated continuously for 36 hours at 30 horsepower loading with a crankcase temperature of 280 F. and a water jacket outlet temperature of 200 F. The engine was then disassembled and the parts were inspected and rated.
• the piston varnish ratings are reported on a scale of from 1 to 10, in which 1 means a piston which is very dirty with stuck piston rings and 10 means a perfectly clear piston.
• the overall rating is reported on a scale from 1 to in which 100 means a clean engine with substantially no sludge deposits and with perfectly clean pistons.
• the corrosion of the bearings is determined by determining the weights of a pair of whole bearings both before and after the test and then averaging the differences between these values, whereby the average weight loss per Whole bearing is derived.
• the results of the tests were as follows:
• a hydrocarbon lubricating oil composition comprismg a ma or proportion of a hydrocarbon lubricating oil, from about 0.01% to about 3% by weight of 2,2-methylene b1s(4-methyl-6-tertiary butyl phenol), and a basic petroleum sulfonate of a metal selected from the group conslstmg of alkaline earth metals and heavy metals in an amount sufficient to reduce the lacquer-forming propensities of the hydrocarbon lubricating oil composition.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

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Citations (2)

• 0
  • NL NL83315D patent/NL83315C/xx active
• 1952
  • 1952-04-08 US US281226A patent/US2695273A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1953
  • 1953-03-24 GB GB8050/53A patent/GB730738A/en not_active Expired

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