US2694790A - Sintered anisotropic permanent magnet - Google Patents
Sintered anisotropic permanent magnet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2694790A US2694790A US9013A US901348A US2694790A US 2694790 A US2694790 A US 2694790A US 9013 A US9013 A US 9013A US 901348 A US901348 A US 901348A US 2694790 A US2694790 A US 2694790A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sintered
- titanium
- cast
- aluminum
- permanent magnet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910000828 alnico Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018084 Al-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018192 Al—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni] HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLJNPOIVYYWHMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;cobalt Chemical compound [AlH3].[Co] BLJNPOIVYYWHMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;iron Chemical compound [AlH3].[Fe] KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9265—Special properties
- Y10S428/928—Magnetic property
Definitions
- the present invention relates to sintered anisotropic permanent magnet alloys. with sintered Alnico magnets prepared by powder metallurgy techniques and having BH max. values corresponding to or approaching those of the best cast Alnico magnets.
- Essentially isotropic permanent magnets of the type known as Alnico magnets contain iron, nickel and aluminum as basic or essential ingredients. It is well known or has been proposed to include other elements such as cobalt, copper, titanium, silicon, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, sulphur, and others either for the purpose of modifying or enhancing the physical and/or magnetic properties of the alloys. Many of these magnetic alloys have been produced in both cast and sintered form, and provided the proper procedures are followed in the manufacture of the sintered products to prevent oxidation of the aluminum and any other highly oxidizable elements, it has been found that for most of the alloys the sintered products exhibited the same or approximately the same magnetic properties as the cast products of the same composition.
- a cast magnet possessing these excellent magnetic values consists of an alloy of about 8% aluminum, 14% nickel, 24% cobalt, 3% copper, balance substantially iron, the exceptional magnetic properties being obtained .by heat treatment or cooling of the alloy in a magnetic field as described in the above-mentioned Jonas patent. Because of the exceptional magnetic qualities of this cast alloy and the known advantages of the powder metallurgy techniques numerous attempts have been made to duplicate its magnetic properties in a sintered magnet alloy.
- the present invention is based on the discovery that an anisotropic sintered magnet can be prepared by including additions of titanium in the compositions now employed in making cast magnets having directional properties. It has been found that the titanium is an It is particularly concerned I 2,694,790 Patented Nov. 16, 1954 essential element of the sintered magnets of the present invention in order to obtain a high available energy product. In accordance with prior teachings concerning the effect of titanium in the cast magnets this element has been considered non-essential and when employed, its effect was that of a lattice stress raiser with a tendency to increase the coercive force of the cast alloy at some sacrifice of available energy. In the sintered products of the present invention the titanium addition does not produce as marked an increase in coercive force as noted with the cast alloys.
- the titanium addition in the sintered product appears to make the magnetic field treatment more effective in obtaining a high available energy product, which product is an accepted criterion for comparing permanent magnet alloys.
- the effect of the titanium on the magnetic properties seems to be quite different in the sintered and cast alloy fields.
- the sintered magnets of the present invention are characterized by a titanium content of at least 0.25% and not over 1.5%, generally from 0.6 to 1.25%. While the invention is broadly applicable to the various known anisotropic magnet alloys characterized by a cobalt content of 16 to 30%, a nickel content of 11 to 20%, and an aluminum content of 6 to 11%, the preferred sintered magnets are those containing 7.5 to 9% aluminum, 0.6 to 1.25% titanium, 22 to 26% cobalt, 2 to 4% copper, 13 to 15% nickel, remainder iron except for incidental impurities.
- the sintered products are prepared in the manner usually employed in making sintered Alnico magnets as described for example in Howe Patents 2,192,743 and 2,192,744.
- a foundation alloy of iron-aluminum, cobalt-aluminum or nickel-aluminum is used as the source of aluminum, while a titanium alloy such as a 70-30 titanium-nickel alloy can be used to supply the desired titanium content of the product.
- the finely-divided materials are mixed in the desired proportions, and pressed to the desired form or shape.
- the pressed products are sintered in a hydrogen atmosphere at temperatures of from 1000 to 1400 C.
- the sintered material can then be normalized by heating to an elevated temperature after which the sintered product is subjected to a further heat treatment in a magnetic field as described in the Jonas Patent 2,295,082 to make the sintered alloy magnetically anisotropic.
- the heat treatment in the magnetic field is preferably carried out by withdrawing the sintered alloy compacts from the sintering zone of the furnace at a temperature of about 1250 C. and controlling their cooling cycle in a magnetic field of proper field strength. Further low temperature treatments may be applied as described by onas.
- the resultant magnets are characterized by a BH max. at least equal to 3.5 10 gauss-oersteds and in some cases energy products as high as 4.5)(10 have been obtained.
- the magnetic properties of the sintered magnets of the specific formula given hereinbefore include a peak B of at least 15,000, a Br of at least 10,000, an Hc of at least 600 and a BH max. of about 4 to 4.25 X10
- These BH max. values are to be compared with values of from 1.4 to 1.6)(10 for the best commercially available sintered Alnico magnets and 4.5 to 6x10 for the best anisotropic cast Alnicos.
- the effect of titanium on the sintered products difiers from that in the cast alloys.
- the addition of one per cent titanium to the best anisotropic cast Alnico i. e., an Alnico containing 8% aluminum, 14% nickel, 24% cobalt, 3% copper, balance iron lowers the BH max. value of the alloy
- the addition of the same amount of titanium to a sintered Alnico composition of the same composition increases the BH max. value.
- An anisotropic slntered permanent magnet containmg 7.5 to 9% aluminum, 13 to 15% nickel, 22 to 26% cobalt, 2 to 4% copper, 0.6 to 1.50% titanlum, balance iron except for incidental unpurities, said magnet having a BH max. in the principal direction at least equal to 3.5 10
- An anisotropic sintered permanent magnet consisting of 8.5% aluminum, 14% nickel, 25% cobalt, 3%
- An anisotropic sintered permanent magnet consist- 5 ing of 8.5% aluminum, 14% nickel, 25% cobalt, 3% copper, 1% titanium, balance substantially all iron, said magnet having a BH max. of at least 3.5X10
Description
SINTERED ANISQTRQPI'C PERMANENT MAGNET Robert J. Studdc'rs, Seltzeneetaily, Ns'Y, assignor to General Electric Company, a corporation of New York No Drawing. Application February 17, 1948, Serial No. 9,013
3 Claims. (Cl.-317-202) The present invention relates to sintered anisotropic permanent magnet alloys. with sintered Alnico magnets prepared by powder metallurgy techniques and having BH max. values corresponding to or approaching those of the best cast Alnico magnets.
Essentially isotropic permanent magnets of the type known as Alnico magnets contain iron, nickel and aluminum as basic or essential ingredients. It is well known or has been proposed to include other elements such as cobalt, copper, titanium, silicon, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, sulphur, and others either for the purpose of modifying or enhancing the physical and/or magnetic properties of the alloys. Many of these magnetic alloys have been produced in both cast and sintered form, and provided the proper procedures are followed in the manufacture of the sintered products to prevent oxidation of the aluminum and any other highly oxidizable elements, it has been found that for most of the alloys the sintered products exhibited the same or approximately the same magnetic properties as the cast products of the same composition.
Another known development in the Alnico magnet field was the discovery described more fully in Jonas Patent 2,295,082 that certain cast Ni-Al-Fe alloys having a cobalt content of 16 to 30%, a nickel content of 12 to 20%, and an aluminum content of 6 to 11% when heat treated in a magnetic field would exhibit BH max. values in one direction (anisotrope) which was at least 50%, and generally over 100%, higher than that for the same alloy whose magnetic properties were substantially equal in all directions (isotrope). As a result of this development there is now commercially available cast Alnico magnets having approximately the following minimum magnetic properties:
Peak H oersteds 2,000 Peak B gauss 15,700 Coercive force He oersteds 575 Residual Br gauss 12,000 BH max gauss-oersteds 4.5 10
A cast magnet possessing these excellent magnetic values consists of an alloy of about 8% aluminum, 14% nickel, 24% cobalt, 3% copper, balance substantially iron, the exceptional magnetic properties being obtained .by heat treatment or cooling of the alloy in a magnetic field as described in the above-mentioned Jonas patent. Because of the exceptional magnetic qualities of this cast alloy and the known advantages of the powder metallurgy techniques numerous attempts have been made to duplicate its magnetic properties in a sintered magnet alloy.
Unlike the isotropic type of Alnico alloys, it was found that simple duplication of the chemical composition of the anisotropic type of alloy, as described in the Jonas patent, in a sintered product, did not result in a very satisfactory permanent magnet. There appears to be many other factors which influence the effectiveness of the magnetic field treatment in imparting superior available energy products to the alloy.
The present invention is based on the discovery that an anisotropic sintered magnet can be prepared by including additions of titanium in the compositions now employed in making cast magnets having directional properties. It has been found that the titanium is an It is particularly concerned I 2,694,790 Patented Nov. 16, 1954 essential element of the sintered magnets of the present invention in order to obtain a high available energy product. In accordance with prior teachings concerning the effect of titanium in the cast magnets this element has been considered non-essential and when employed, its effect was that of a lattice stress raiser with a tendency to increase the coercive force of the cast alloy at some sacrifice of available energy. In the sintered products of the present invention the titanium addition does not produce as marked an increase in coercive force as noted with the cast alloys. The titanium addition in the sintered product appears to make the magnetic field treatment more effective in obtaining a high available energy product, which product is an accepted criterion for comparing permanent magnet alloys. Hence, the effect of the titanium on the magnetic properties seems to be quite different in the sintered and cast alloy fields.
The sintered magnets of the present invention are characterized by a titanium content of at least 0.25% and not over 1.5%, generally from 0.6 to 1.25%. While the invention is broadly applicable to the various known anisotropic magnet alloys characterized by a cobalt content of 16 to 30%, a nickel content of 11 to 20%, and an aluminum content of 6 to 11%, the preferred sintered magnets are those containing 7.5 to 9% aluminum, 0.6 to 1.25% titanium, 22 to 26% cobalt, 2 to 4% copper, 13 to 15% nickel, remainder iron except for incidental impurities.
Particularly good results have been obtained by employing 8.5% aluminum, 1% titanium, 25% cobalt, 3% copper, 14% nickel, balance iron. The sintered products are prepared in the manner usually employed in making sintered Alnico magnets as described for example in Howe Patents 2,192,743 and 2,192,744. A foundation alloy of iron-aluminum, cobalt-aluminum or nickel-aluminum is used as the source of aluminum, while a titanium alloy such as a 70-30 titanium-nickel alloy can be used to supply the desired titanium content of the product. The finely-divided materials are mixed in the desired proportions, and pressed to the desired form or shape. The pressed products are sintered in a hydrogen atmosphere at temperatures of from 1000 to 1400 C. preferably at a temperature below but close to the melting point of the alloy. The time required for the sintering action will, of course, depend upon the furnace load and size of the pieces to be sintered. The sintered material can then be normalized by heating to an elevated temperature after which the sintered product is subjected to a further heat treatment in a magnetic field as described in the Jonas Patent 2,295,082 to make the sintered alloy magnetically anisotropic. The heat treatment in the magnetic field is preferably carried out by withdrawing the sintered alloy compacts from the sintering zone of the furnace at a temperature of about 1250 C. and controlling their cooling cycle in a magnetic field of proper field strength. Further low temperature treatments may be applied as described by onas.
The resultant magnets are characterized by a BH max. at least equal to 3.5 10 gauss-oersteds and in some cases energy products as high as 4.5)(10 have been obtained. In general, the magnetic properties of the sintered magnets of the specific formula given hereinbefore include a peak B of at least 15,000, a Br of at least 10,000, an Hc of at least 600 and a BH max. of about 4 to 4.25 X10 These BH max. values are to be compared with values of from 1.4 to 1.6)(10 for the best commercially available sintered Alnico magnets and 4.5 to 6x10 for the best anisotropic cast Alnicos.
As indicated hereinbefore, the effect of titanium on the sintered products difiers from that in the cast alloys. For instance, whereas the addition of one per cent titanium to the best anisotropic cast Alnico, i. e., an Alnico containing 8% aluminum, 14% nickel, 24% cobalt, 3% copper, balance iron lowers the BH max. value of the alloy, the addition of the same amount of titanium to a sintered Alnico composition of the same composition increases the BH max. value.
This eiiect of titanium on the magnetic properties of cast and sintered Alnico products is apparent from the following table setting forth the representative magnetic 3 values of cast and sintered products all of which contained from 8 to 8.5% aluminum, 24% cobalt, 14 to 14.5% nickel, to 3.25% copper, balance iron except in those cases where 1% titanium has been substituted for a corresponding amount of iron:
Titanium Alloy B, H. BH max None Cast 12,500-13,000 540-600 4.5 to 5.5x10 None Sintered 11,000-12,000 450-550 2.0m 3.0)(10 1% Cast 10,000-10,500 750-800 2.8 to 3.5 10 1% Sintered... 10,000-10,500 600-650 3.5 to 4.5X10
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the Un1ted States, 1s:
1. An anisotropic slntered permanent magnet containmg 7.5 to 9% aluminum, 13 to 15% nickel, 22 to 26% cobalt, 2 to 4% copper, 0.6 to 1.50% titanlum, balance iron except for incidental unpurities, said magnet having a BH max. in the principal direction at least equal to 3.5 10
2. An anisotropic sintered permanent magnet consisting of 8.5% aluminum, 14% nickel, 25% cobalt, 3%
copper, 0. 6-1.25% titanium, balance iron except for incidental impurities, said smtered magnet having a BH max. of at least 3.5 X 10 3. An anisotropic sintered permanent magnet consist- 5 ing of 8.5% aluminum, 14% nickel, 25% cobalt, 3% copper, 1% titanium, balance substantially all iron, said magnet having a BH max. of at least 3.5X10
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,167,240 Hensel July 25, 1939 2,245,477 Jonas June 10, 1941 15 2,285,406 Bieber June 9, 1942 2,295,082 Jonas Sept. 8, 1942 2,384,450 Bieber Sept. 11, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS 20 Number Country Date 102,215 Great Britain Oct. 6, 1937 462,248 Great Britain Mar. 4, 1937 522,731 Great Britain June 26, 1940
Claims (1)
1. AN ANISOTROPIC SINTERED PERMANENT MAGNET CONTAINING 7.5 TO 9% ALUMINUM, 13 TO 15% NICKEL, 22 TO 26% COBALT, 2 TO 4% COPPER, 0.6 TO 1.50% TITANIUM, BALANCE IRON EXCEPT FOR INCIDENTAL IMPURITIES, SAID MAGNET HAVING A BH MAX. IN THE PRINCIPAL DIRECTION AT LEAST EQUAL TO 3.5X106.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US9013A US2694790A (en) | 1948-02-17 | 1948-02-17 | Sintered anisotropic permanent magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US9013A US2694790A (en) | 1948-02-17 | 1948-02-17 | Sintered anisotropic permanent magnet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2694790A true US2694790A (en) | 1954-11-16 |
Family
ID=21735068
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US9013A Expired - Lifetime US2694790A (en) | 1948-02-17 | 1948-02-17 | Sintered anisotropic permanent magnet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2694790A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2768427A (en) * | 1951-08-06 | 1956-10-30 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag | Permanently magnetisable alloys and the production thereof |
| US2849789A (en) * | 1953-12-11 | 1958-09-02 | Gen Motors Corp | Sintered powdered copper base metal and bearing formed thereof |
| US2881511A (en) * | 1956-08-14 | 1959-04-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Highly wear-resistant sintered powdered metal |
| US3142893A (en) * | 1961-06-20 | 1964-08-04 | Int Nickel Co | Heterogeneous sintered alloys |
| US3428498A (en) * | 1964-08-06 | 1969-02-18 | Magnetfab Bonn Gmbh | Preparation of sintered permanent alnico magnets |
| US3487521A (en) * | 1967-10-04 | 1970-01-06 | Texas Instruments Inc | Alloy foil |
| US5520748A (en) * | 1993-07-27 | 1996-05-28 | Pohang Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. | Process for manufacturing Alnico system permanent magnet |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB102215A (en) * | 1915-11-17 | 1916-11-17 | John Herbert Veasey | Improvements in Arms and Clamps for Rigging Rock Drills. |
| GB462248A (en) * | 1934-09-10 | 1937-03-04 | Siemens Ag | Improvements in permanent magnets |
| US2167240A (en) * | 1937-09-30 | 1939-07-25 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Magnet material |
| GB522731A (en) * | 1938-12-07 | 1940-06-26 | Philips Nv | Improvements in or relating to permanent magnets and processes of treating alloys for such magnets |
| US2245477A (en) * | 1936-03-17 | 1941-06-10 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Permanent magnet and method of making same |
| US2285406A (en) * | 1940-04-18 | 1942-06-09 | Int Nickel Co | Permanent magnet |
| US2295082A (en) * | 1938-12-06 | 1942-09-08 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Permanent magnet and method of making the same |
| US2384450A (en) * | 1942-06-04 | 1945-09-11 | Int Nickel Co | Alloy for permanent magnets |
-
1948
- 1948-02-17 US US9013A patent/US2694790A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB102215A (en) * | 1915-11-17 | 1916-11-17 | John Herbert Veasey | Improvements in Arms and Clamps for Rigging Rock Drills. |
| GB462248A (en) * | 1934-09-10 | 1937-03-04 | Siemens Ag | Improvements in permanent magnets |
| US2245477A (en) * | 1936-03-17 | 1941-06-10 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Permanent magnet and method of making same |
| US2167240A (en) * | 1937-09-30 | 1939-07-25 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Magnet material |
| US2295082A (en) * | 1938-12-06 | 1942-09-08 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Permanent magnet and method of making the same |
| GB522731A (en) * | 1938-12-07 | 1940-06-26 | Philips Nv | Improvements in or relating to permanent magnets and processes of treating alloys for such magnets |
| US2285406A (en) * | 1940-04-18 | 1942-06-09 | Int Nickel Co | Permanent magnet |
| US2384450A (en) * | 1942-06-04 | 1945-09-11 | Int Nickel Co | Alloy for permanent magnets |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2768427A (en) * | 1951-08-06 | 1956-10-30 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag | Permanently magnetisable alloys and the production thereof |
| US2849789A (en) * | 1953-12-11 | 1958-09-02 | Gen Motors Corp | Sintered powdered copper base metal and bearing formed thereof |
| US2881511A (en) * | 1956-08-14 | 1959-04-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Highly wear-resistant sintered powdered metal |
| US3142893A (en) * | 1961-06-20 | 1964-08-04 | Int Nickel Co | Heterogeneous sintered alloys |
| US3428498A (en) * | 1964-08-06 | 1969-02-18 | Magnetfab Bonn Gmbh | Preparation of sintered permanent alnico magnets |
| US3487521A (en) * | 1967-10-04 | 1970-01-06 | Texas Instruments Inc | Alloy foil |
| US5520748A (en) * | 1993-07-27 | 1996-05-28 | Pohang Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. | Process for manufacturing Alnico system permanent magnet |
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