US2694021A - Textile bearing a starch size - Google Patents

Textile bearing a starch size Download PDF

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Publication number
US2694021A
US2694021A US218558A US21855851A US2694021A US 2694021 A US2694021 A US 2694021A US 218558 A US218558 A US 218558A US 21855851 A US21855851 A US 21855851A US 2694021 A US2694021 A US 2694021A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
starch
warp
textile
fatty acid
size
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US218558A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William C Griffin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Powder Co
Original Assignee
Atlas Powder Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE510131D priority Critical patent/BE510131A/xx
Application filed by Atlas Powder Co filed Critical Atlas Powder Co
Priority to US218558A priority patent/US2694021A/en
Priority to FR1052555D priority patent/FR1052555A/fr
Priority to GB7072/52A priority patent/GB731260A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2694021A publication Critical patent/US2694021A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/11—Starch or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/53—Polyethers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2965—Cellulosic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer

Definitions

  • An object of the present invention is to provide a novel, improved textile bearing a starch warp sizing.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a sized warp suitable for weaving at high pickages.
  • a warp sizing is a protective coating applied to warp yarns prior to the weaving operation.
  • the primary pu'rpose of the sizing is to protect the warp against breakage which develops as a result of the abrasive action of the shuttle, heddle, comb and threads among themselves.
  • a size must adhere well to the textile, possess hardness or abrasive resistance, flexibility and the property of ready removal in. desizing operations.
  • Starches and acid-modified starches have long been used in the role of warp sizes.
  • the eflectiveness of a size is conveniently indicated by the weaving of a sized warp in continuously increasing pickages.
  • Pickage is a term employed to indicate the number of filling threads per inch'of warp. It is obvious that when using higher pickages, the abrasive actions described above will occur more frequently and thus subject the warp to greater strain. As the pickage increases, breakage of warp threads increases until a critical point is reached where the weaving operation becomes impractical, since the loom must be stopped while each break is repaired.
  • a novel, starch warp size composition has been developed which will permit weaving at extremely high pickages or alternatively will permit greater efiiciency at the lower standard pickages by virtue of decreased-warp thread breakage.
  • novel composition incorporates minor amounts of polyoxyalkylene higher fatty acids in aqueous starch solu tions.
  • the sizing composition of the present invention comprises an aqueous solution containing 5 to starch or acid modified starch and 0.05 to 2% polyoxyalkylene higher fatty acid.
  • the type of starch is not critical. The effect noticeable upon all starches including sago. potato, maize, tapioca and wheat starch.
  • the polyoxyalkylene higher fatty acid derivatives employed correspond to the polyether ester which result from the treatment of a higher fatty acid or mixture of higher fatty acids with an excess of alkylene oxide.
  • higher fatty acid as employed herein is meant an aliphatic, carboxyl bearing organic compound containing from 11 to 21 carbon atoms.
  • mixed fatty acid mixtures as they occur when obtained from natural sources as fats, soya-bean oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, castor oil and the like are likewise suitable.
  • alkylene oxide derivatives suitable in the present composition include those formed by the addition of ethylene and propylene oxide to the fatty acid in a molar ratio of acid to alkylene oxide within the limits of 1:3 and 1:20. These compounds may be produced by the condensation of acid and alkylene oxide under atmospheric or subatmospheric conditions by heating the materials with agitation. Pressures higher than atmospheric and small amounts of alkaline material as catalyst, however, assist in obtaining a much more practical reaction rate at a lower temperature. Since the compounds are old, the procedure for their production will not be illustrated in detail. v l
  • the warp sizing composition is prepared by mixing and cooking the water and starch in the conventional manner.
  • the polyoxyalkylene higher fatty acid may be added at any time.
  • a convenient procedure which avoids lump formation consists in adding suflicient water to the total amount of starch used to form a thin paste.
  • the remaining water containing the polyoxyalkylene higher fatty acid dispersed therein is then added, and the batch cooked.
  • the sizing composition can be prepared as a high or low viscosity material depending on the temperature at which the cooking is carried out. By heating the composition with agitation below its boiling point within the range of from about to C., for from'20 to 40 minutes a low viscosity starch suspension is obtained.
  • the liquid composition itself both in the high and low viscosity forms possesses other advantages over conventional starch suspensions which make it much easier to handle in the plant.
  • the residue which remains in the slashing bath and upon the slashing equipment is more readily removable than that from the conventional starch size.
  • Light hosing is sutficient to remove all traces, the additive apparently assisting in the resuspension of the starch in the wash water. Furthermore, during the use of these sizes no problems of skimming were apparent. Stability toward decomposition on storage appears markedly improved.
  • the size is useful as a coating for the protection of cords, threads, yarns, pellicles, filaments and fabrics of both natural and synthetic-origin.
  • spun yarns which may be so sized may be mentioned wool, cotton, linen, glass, asbestos, viscose rayon, acetate rayon, cuprammonium rayon, casein fiber and copolymerization products such as those from adipic acid, hexamethylenediamine and vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate.
  • continuous filaments are amenable to the size.
  • the sizing composition may be applied to the textile with the conventional starch sizing equipment.
  • the composition is placed in a steam heated trough and the warp is drawn from the warp beam and immersed in the sizing solution by a series of rollers.
  • the excess size is squeezed from the textile and it is led to the drying cylinders.
  • After drying the textile passes split rods to separate the various warp ends prior to winding on the loom beam. During the drying operation there was no tendency of the sized textile to stick to the drum. Furthermore, flake off at the split rods was negligible. No tendency of the sized textile strands to adhere together on the loom beam was observed.
  • the sizing compositions employed in the examples were compounded with an acid treated corn starch by mixing the ingredients in the manner described above. Cooking was continued for one-half hour at a temperature of 95 C.
  • a Z spun 30/1 viscose rayon, 1.5/1-9/16 two-inch warp ribbons are slashed with the desired sizes and after drying are woven on a nine placev .3 ribbon loom.
  • the weaving is started at 40 picks and increased after every V2 yard until-the number of threads failing at any one setting is. over 10.
  • A. tex ile as efined in cla m 7 wh r in th w p yarn is; a synthetic polymerization product.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
US218558A 1951-03-30 1951-03-30 Textile bearing a starch size Expired - Lifetime US2694021A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE510131D BE510131A (xx) 1951-03-30
US218558A US2694021A (en) 1951-03-30 1951-03-30 Textile bearing a starch size
FR1052555D FR1052555A (fr) 1951-03-30 1952-03-18 Perfectionnements apportés aux apprêts pour des matières textiles
GB7072/52A GB731260A (en) 1951-03-30 1952-03-19 Improvements in or relating to textile sizes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US218558A US2694021A (en) 1951-03-30 1951-03-30 Textile bearing a starch size

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2694021A true US2694021A (en) 1954-11-09

Family

ID=22815572

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US218558A Expired - Lifetime US2694021A (en) 1951-03-30 1951-03-30 Textile bearing a starch size

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2694021A (xx)
BE (1) BE510131A (xx)
FR (1) FR1052555A (xx)
GB (1) GB731260A (xx)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2826506A (en) * 1952-12-05 1958-03-11 Davies Young Soap Company Composition for treating fibrous materials
US3066383A (en) * 1957-02-14 1962-12-04 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Finish for staple glass fibers and yarns manufactured thereof
US4169062A (en) * 1977-05-12 1979-09-25 Southern Sizing Co. Random copolymers of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol monoester, process of making the same and textile fiber containing the same
US4640946A (en) * 1984-08-20 1987-02-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyvinyl alcohol based wax-free size composition
US5334639A (en) * 1992-01-30 1994-08-02 Ppg Industries, Inc. Starch oil sizing composition and glass fibers treated therewith
EP0905301A1 (de) * 1997-09-02 1999-03-31 Chimitex S.A.R.L. Schlichte für das Niedertemperatur-Schlichtsystem

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL113407C (xx) * 1957-02-20

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1311964A (en) * 1919-08-05 Venor
US1970578A (en) * 1930-11-29 1934-08-21 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Assistants for the textile and related industries
US2103205A (en) * 1935-10-19 1937-12-21 Emery Industries Inc Art of shrinking fabrics
US2174760A (en) * 1934-04-19 1939-10-03 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Condensation products derived from carboxylic acids and method of producing them
US2359750A (en) * 1941-04-19 1944-10-10 American Viscose Corp Viscose spinning solution

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1311964A (en) * 1919-08-05 Venor
US1970578A (en) * 1930-11-29 1934-08-21 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Assistants for the textile and related industries
US2174760A (en) * 1934-04-19 1939-10-03 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Condensation products derived from carboxylic acids and method of producing them
US2103205A (en) * 1935-10-19 1937-12-21 Emery Industries Inc Art of shrinking fabrics
US2359750A (en) * 1941-04-19 1944-10-10 American Viscose Corp Viscose spinning solution

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2826506A (en) * 1952-12-05 1958-03-11 Davies Young Soap Company Composition for treating fibrous materials
US3066383A (en) * 1957-02-14 1962-12-04 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Finish for staple glass fibers and yarns manufactured thereof
US4169062A (en) * 1977-05-12 1979-09-25 Southern Sizing Co. Random copolymers of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol monoester, process of making the same and textile fiber containing the same
US4640946A (en) * 1984-08-20 1987-02-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyvinyl alcohol based wax-free size composition
US5334639A (en) * 1992-01-30 1994-08-02 Ppg Industries, Inc. Starch oil sizing composition and glass fibers treated therewith
EP0905301A1 (de) * 1997-09-02 1999-03-31 Chimitex S.A.R.L. Schlichte für das Niedertemperatur-Schlichtsystem

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE510131A (xx)
FR1052555A (fr) 1954-01-26
GB731260A (en) 1955-06-08

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