US269233A - Device for equalizing the temperature of and preparing ingots for blooming - Google Patents

Description

3 Sheets-'Sheet 1. J. REESE. DEVICE FOR EQUALIZING THE TEMPERATURE 0F AND PREPARING INGOTS EUR BLOGMING. l

(N0 Model.)

Patented Dee. 19, 1882.

:TTBM-HE FL WIE-le E E E E,

Ny PETERS. Pholaljthcgmpher. Walhinglon. D. C

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet -2.

J. RBESB. DEVICE PUR EQUALIZING THB TEMPERATURE 0F AND PREPARING INGOTS vPoR BLOOMING. No.269,233.

Patented Deo.19, 1882.

n" NN\\\\\\\\\\\ Illl MTVLESEEE N. Pneus. pum-mmmphur. wnsmngmn. o. cA

(No Model.) Y 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. REESE.I

DEVIGE EOE EQUALIZING TEE TEMPERATURE 0E AND PREPARING INGOTS POR BECOMING.l l

No. 269,233. Patented 1390.19, 1882.

1%@ L//m/ IFLuEr--UH.;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB REESE, F PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

DEVICE FOR EQUALIZING THE TEMPERATURE OF AND PREPARING INGOTS FOR BLOOMINC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 269,233, dated December 19, 1882.

Application filed October 25, 18852.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB REESE, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Pittsburg, in

`molds are placed on a car-truck and taken to a furnace and placed therein and heated for one hour or more. Then the ingots are considered to be sufficiently heated they are withdrawn one at a time and taken to the blooming-mille and rolled down into blooms. Now,it is au'ell-kno\vn factthat when theingot is taken out ofthe ingot-mold, though the ingot is solid on the outside, the inside is in a iiuid con dition. Consequently the center of the ingot is too hot for blooming, while the outside is too cold.

The object of this invention is to provide means for equalizing the temperature of the ingot by utilizing the heat ot its fluid center to raise the temperature of its outside Walls, so that the ingot may be taken from the mold in Which it is cast and prepared for the blooming-mill Without the aid of fuel or any other heat than that contained Within itselt' when the converting-house is located at some distance from the blooming-mill.

Figure l is a side elevation ot' my truck and regenerator with the caps on. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of same through o o, shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of same through rv x. Fig. 4 is a plan view ot' same with four ingots in and four chambers empty. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the regenerator and hood in position for heating. Fig. 6 isacap for closing the regenerator.

In order that others skilled in the art may be enabled to put my invention into practice, I shall now describe the manner ot' constructing my regenerator.

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, letters A indicate the shell. This shell may be made of Wrought iron or of cast-iron. li' made of Wrought-iron, it

(No model.)

should be one inch thick and joined together at the corners and at the bottom byangle-iron, riveted or bolted in the usual manner. The axle-lugs a. should be riveted or bolted to a Wrought-iron plate, or, it' the shell is made of castiron,the lugs maybe cast on it. The axles b may be made of five (5)andahalfinch square steel with journals of four and one-haltiuches. The wheels shown are four feet in diameter, and maybe made so that they will turn on the Iaxle so as to travel freely around curves with but little friction; or, in caseofa straight track, the wheels may be tight on the axles, and the axle made round and provided with bearingsiu the lugs c. b is the draw-bar by means ot which the car is attached to the locomotive. c c are the rails on which the car rests. c is the-non-conducting lining, and fis the chamber or nest into which ythe ingots are placed to soak. B is the hood and pipe for heating up the regenerator previous to charging the ingots.

In the practice ot' this invention, when the ingots are fourteen inches square at the base and twelve inches at the top, the openings in the regenerator should be t'teen inches square at the top and fifteen inches square at the bottom, or they may be tit'teeu inches square all the way down. The inner Walls should be made ot cast-iron or steel of two inches in thickness. Then the shell is made it should have au opening of tive inches in diameter in its bottom opposite to each opening in the regenerator. A layer ofre-brick oi'nine inches in thickness should be placed all over the bottom on the inside. In doing` this a tile having a tive-inch round hole should be placed over each opening in the shell-bottom. When the bottom is thus made, the nestfis placed inthe shelland a good nou-conductingmaterialsuch as ire-clay--should be rammed down between the inner walls,f, and the walls ofthe shellA ,until the space is filled and the non-conducting lining c is formed. When the regenerator is thus formed, the car is run under'the hood B. and gas and air let into the hood, and combustion caused to take place over the top of the regenerator. rI`he product of combustion will pass down through the openings and out of the ive-inch holes at their base. By this means the cast-iron or steel walls and the lining will become heated. When it has assumed a red tem- ICO perature the car should be drawn away from the hood, the five-inch openings closed with the stoppers g, and sufficient hot sand placed in each mold so as to fill the five-inch openings on a level with the bottom of the molds. The iugots should then be taken from the ingotmolds and dropped in the regenerator, with their bottom or largest ends up, the caps placed over each ingot and all covered with sand or other non-conducting substance, care being taken to exclude the air as far as possible. When the regenerator has been thus filled the car may be taken to any suitable place, and after a space of from twenty to thirty minutes, more or less, according to the initial temperature ofthe regenerator and ingots, the car may be run up to the blooming-mill and the ingots withdrawn and rolled one at a time, when the ingots will be f'ound to be of a thoroughly uniform temperature ot' sufficient heat to be rolled in the usual manner. When an ingotis Withdrawn to be rolled the cap is immediately placed over the opening and covered, so as to exclude the air from getting in or the heat from passing out. When the regenerator is emptied the car is again run into the converting-house and charged. By this arrangement the regenerator need only be heated on Monday morning, as it will retain sufficient beat so as to be run from the blooming-mill to the converting-house and be refilled without reheating.

By the use of these devices I am enabled to dispense with the costly method of' reheating the ingots and save the great loss by oxidation, and prevent the occasional loss by burning the ingots. In the old method of reheating, cracked rails or seconds are largely due to the great difference of temperature between the outside and thel interior ofthe ingot. When the ngots are taken from the molds they are piled onto a truck and taken to the heatingfurnaces. By this method the outside of the ingots become cooled to a large degree by passing through the cold air, and ot'ten through the rain, and when placed in the furnace, the center of' the ingots being still in a molten state, the high heat ofthe furnace tends to heat the outside and cause a rapid expansion, and as the inside has already assumed its maximum expansion the outer shell is caused to expand while the interior is contracting, and this tends to crack the outer edges where the difference ot" temperature is the greatest; and I assume that this crackingof the ingots by the different temperatures of' its cross-section is the prime cause of' cracked rails or other shapes rolled from ingots. By my improved devices the in; gots are taken immediately from the molds and placed in the regenerator. The heat of'` the metal walls is immediately absorbed by the outer walls of the ingot; then theheat from the fluid center passes outward and heats up the walls ofthe regenerator, so that the walls or outer sides of the ingot are not allowed to cool much below the point of solidificatiomand they are immediately heated by the walls of' the regenerator, and the ingot is permitted to cool and contract uniformly, and cracking by differential cooling is avoided.

In forming the regenerator I greatly prefer to construct its inner walls of cast iron or steel, as it is a good conductor of heat, and will give out its heat rapidly to theingot, and will also take up the heat rapidly which is given off' in the molten center solidifying; but they may be made of'other metal or equivalent heat-absorbing material, if' desired, asamatter of' economy.

What I claim as my invention, and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A regenerator-car or equalizing-chamber for conveying ingots from the casting-pit to the rolls, consisting of a shell of' non-conducting material, havinga lining of iron or like heat-absorbing material, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. A regenerator car or equalizing-chamber f'or conveying ingots` from the casting-pit to the rolls, said car having a shell of non-conducting material, the interior of which is divided into ingot-cells by partitions of steel or like heatabsorbing material, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. A regenerator-car or equalizing-chamber for conveying ingots from the casting-pit to the rolls, said car having a shell of non-conducting material, its interior divided into inv got-cells by heat-absorbing partitions, and a series of' stoppers for closing the separate ingot-cells, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. A regenerator-car or equalizing-chamber for conveying iugots from the casting-pit to the rolls, having a shell ot' non-conducting material, the interior of which is divided into cellsby a series ot' partitions, and perforated below opposite the several ingot-cells, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of a movable ingot-regenerator, having an outlet or outlets for the products ot' combustion, with a Jfixed hood, B, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

G. An ingot-regenerato-r provided with an open top and bottom, in order that its initial temperature may be secured by forcing hot gases through it., and having lids or caps for closing the bottom opening previous to placing the ingot or ingots in it, and for closing the top after the ingots are put in or taken out, in order that when on'ce heated by the combustion of t'uel its temperature may thereafter be kept up by the heat abstracted from the molten centers ofthe ingots placed in it.

JACOB REESE.

Witnesses:

WALTER Hanse, JAMES H. PORTE.

IOI)

Images