US268412A - Smoke-consumer for furnaces - Google Patents

Description

, (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

T. KIRKWOOD.

SMOKE CONSUMER FOR FURNACES. No. 268,412. Patented Dec. 5, 1882.

I 'I 1/ I WI NE55E5 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS KIRKWOOD, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SMOKE-CONSUMER FOR FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 268,412," dated December 5, 1882.

Application filed August 16, 1882. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, THOMAS KIRKWOOD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ohicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illi nois, have invented certain new and useful 1mprovements in Smoke-Consumers for Furnaces; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

Myinveution relates to improvements in the construction of devices for injecting air and superheated steam simultaneously into the tire-box proper and other parts of the interior of the furnace for the purpose of rendering the combustion as nearly complete as possible.

A common practice in devices of this kind is to admit the air through a perforated pipe,

extending transversely across the interior of the fire-chamber, and opening at one or both ends to the external air, and to admit the steam through a smaller perforated pipe within the air-pipe, and connecting at one or'both ends with the steam-dome, whereby the device operates on the principle of the Giffard injector.

The principal defect which is encountered in the use of devices so constructed is thetendency of the pipes (especially the air-pipe) to fracture or warp under the influence of the intense heat to which they are necessarily subjected. In furnaces wherein a very high degree of heat is maintained the pipes, even though coated as effectively as possible with refractory material, require to be renewed so often as to render this construction too expensive to be practicable. The warping which precedes the fracture of the pipes, and which takes place to some extent even where,by reason of a more moderate heat being encountered, the pipes will survive for a reasonable length of time without fracture, (except, incidentally, of the refractory envelope,) tends to render the device defective by throwing the perforations in the two pipes (which should register with each other) out of line.

The object of my improvement is to provide a device of the general nature above referred to, which, while even more effective in its operation than former devices, shall be also more.

durable and more readily removed and replaced when necessary.

The nature of my improvement will be readily understood from the following description, reference being had to the aecom panyin g drawings, of which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a hoilerfurnace provided with my improved device; Fig. 2, a vertical longitudinal section of the same at one side of the boiler; Fig. 3, a plan view, partly in section, of my injecting device, with one casing-plate removed to show the interior construction; and Fig. 4, a cross-section taken at the position of the line 4 4 of Fig. 3 of the device with both easing-plates in place and keyed together. i.

A is the front wall of the furnace, B the bridge-wall, (3 the boiler, and D the dome.

My improved device for injecting combined air and steam is constructed as follows:

E is a wedge-shaped metal box, having a curved inner edge provided with openings c, with rifled interiors, as hereinafter described, the remaining three edges being closed, except the one opposite the curved edge, which has an opening, a, into which the air-pipeF leads. I prefer to make this opening square, and to provideit with a square attachment, it, through the end wall of which the air-pipe passes, as shown. The box E is formed in two parts, 8 and s, to each of which, when in place, the

attachment t is secured by means of extensions r of the upper and lower sides, and rivets q, securing them to the inner faces of the parts. These parts are further secured together by means of keyed bolts 19 passing through bolt-holes 0, and having their heads n'set within a projection, m, upon the part 8, and incased within fire-clay.

The steam-pipe G enters the pipe F at a convenient point outside the furnace, and connects with the curved perforated steampipe G by means of a T-coupling, Z. This pipe'G' rests or fits in bearings k on the lower part of the box IE, is closed at each end by a suitable cap, and has its perforations v at suitableintervals on the side toward the curved 5 IOO or rifled interior, as represented by the grooves h.

The application and mode of operation of my device is as follows: In general, two such devices are employed in the front wall of the furnace, being placed end to end. The parts are coated with a suitable refractory material, and are set into the front wallwith the curved edgeof the box E toward the interior of the chamber. The square attachment t fits into the wall, the box itself being either wholly within thefire-chamberorpartly in the wall and projecting into the chamber. I prefer to have the pipes F pass back along the outside of the furnace out of the boiler-room, to avoid the noise which is created by the inrushing air, and to have the steam-pipes G enter these tubes at a convenient point near the wall of the furnace. Steam admitted into the pipe G by way of the pipe G rushes out by way of the perforations'v through the rifled openings '0 into the interior of the furnace, drawing with it air from the interior of the box, which finds its way there by way of the air-pipe F. The curved wall fot the box may be made of such thickness as to give these rifled air-outlets any desired length. In rushing rapidly through the openings 1; the air acquires a cyclonic movement, which it imparts more or less to the steam, and I find this movement greatly to enhance the effectiveness of the device. Even where the grooves h are omitted from the interiors of these openings, however, a very high degree of effectiveness is secured by means of the device.

In large furnaces I prefer to place such a device also in the bridge-wall, as shown at H; but owing to the situation it is necessary to introduce the air into the box at its end instead of at its center, and to use one box extending the entire width of the chamber instead of two, each of half the width as in the front wall. The air and steam for this device in the bridge-wall may be derived from branches of the pipes F and G. Of course, if desired, the air and steam may be introduced at the ends of the boxes in the front wall also.

The mechanism represented by the letters I e d c b a represents an apparatus for opening and closing the steam-pipe G, the mechanism being automatically operated by'the opening and closing of the furnace-doors at times of introducing fuel, the effect being to cause theinflow of air and steam to be greatest immediat'ely after the charging with fuel, and gradually to diminish, ceasing entirely at the end of a predetermined interval, which is gaged to be the time when the fuel has reached a state of full incaudescence. No particular description of this mechanism is necessary here, as it is fully described and claimed in my other application for a patent, now pending.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a smoke-consumer for furnaces, the combination of the detachable box IE, having its front wall provided with openings at intervals, pipe F, leading from the exterior air to the interior of said box, pipe G, leading from the dome of the boiler to the interior of said box, and pipe G, connected to the pipe G and lying along the front wall of the box, and provided with openings 1; in line with the openings in the front wall of the box,snbstantially as described.

2. In a smoke-consumer for furnaces, the box E,hav1ng its front wall,f, provided with openings 1], having grooves h, in combination with the air-pipe I steam-pipe G, and perforated steam-pipe G, having its perforations v in line with the openings a), substantially as de scribed.

3. In a smoke-consumer for furnaces, the box E, formed in two parts, 8 and s, keyed together by a bolt, 12, and having its inner wall,

f, curved and provided with rifled openings 12, audits rear wall provided with a hollow square attachment, t, for securing the box to the front wall of the furnace, in combination with the ainpipe F, leading into the said attachment, steam-pipe G, passing from the dome of the boiler and through the attachment t nearly to the inner walhf, and steam-pipe G, connecting with the steam-pipe G, supported in position along the wallf, and provided with perforations o in line with the openings 11, substantially as described.

THOMAS KIRKWOOD.

In presence of- CHARLES C. LINTHICUM, THOMAS A. BANNING.

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