US2680983A - Geared ratchet wrench - Google Patents

Geared ratchet wrench Download PDF

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Publication number
US2680983A
US2680983A US363432A US36343253A US2680983A US 2680983 A US2680983 A US 2680983A US 363432 A US363432 A US 363432A US 36343253 A US36343253 A US 36343253A US 2680983 A US2680983 A US 2680983A
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Prior art keywords
ratchet wrench
wrench
geared
gear
casing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US363432A
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Jerry T Miller
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B17/00—Hand-driven gear-operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
    • B25B13/461—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
    • B25B13/462—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis
    • B25B13/465—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis a pawl engaging an internally toothed ring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
    • B25B13/461—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
    • B25B13/467—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member which are gear-operated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to wrenches and more particularly to a geared ratchet wrench.
  • the primary object of this invention is to provide a ratchet wrench having reduction gears in the driving head to increase the torque of the wrench without increasing the size.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a geared ratchet wrench which may be used with many types of conventional interchangeable socket heads and the like.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a geared ratchet wrench having a compact, dependable and easily accessible reversing means combined with the reduction gear mechanism.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a geared ratchet wrench which is adapted for fabrication from many different materials, so that the choice of material can be according to the dictates of availability and price considerations, the exact sizes and proportions being matters easily determined to suit particular conditions and needs.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a geared ratchet wrench which is inexpensive and 1 practicable to manufacture.
  • this invention consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of elements and portions, as will be hereinafter fully described in the specification, particularly pointed out in the claims, and illustrated in the drawing which forms a material part of this disclosure and wherein similar characters of reference indicate similar or identical elements and portions throughout the specification and throughout the views of the drawing, and in which:
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of the wrench.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4--4 of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view similar to Fig. 3 but showing only the ratchet mechanism for clarity.
  • the wrench includes a gear head It which comprises a casing 12 and a cover plate l4. Within the casing it are a driven gear 16 and a pinion or smaller drive gear I 8 enmeshed therewith, the driven gear having a square shank 23 which projects through the casing and constitutes the drivng shaft for the socket head 22.
  • the ratchet mechanism 24 is contained in the drive gear 18, from which a shaft 25 extends upwardly and is fitted with a handle 28.
  • the cover plate i4 is secured to the casing l2 by means of rivets 39 or the like to maintain an effective seal against foreign matter or moisture.
  • the driven gear It has a shoulder 32 which bears on the casingIZ, said driven gear being aligned by a pin 34 which is secured in the shank 2c and is journalled in the cover plate l4.
  • the drive gear [8 has a shoulder 36 which bears on the casing !2, said shoulder having an extended stub shaft 38 journalled in the casing to en sure accurate alignment of the gears.
  • the gear train may include three or more gears.
  • the drive gear I8 is provided with a serrated bore 49, the serrations serving as ratchet teeth 42.
  • a tubular hub 44 which is positioned concentrically in the bore 49, said hub having a pair of adjacent slots 46 through which the pawls 4B and 49 extend.
  • These pawls 48 and 49 have chamfered ends 59 which engage the ratchet teeth 42, and are slidably mounted in the hub 44.
  • the pawls are aligned by means of locating pins 52 embedded in the hub 44, said pins being keyed in longitudinal slots 54 in one edge of each pawl.
  • a rod 56 Extending axially through the shaft 26 and mounted therein for manual oscillation is a rod 56, at the upper end of which is fitted a lever 58.
  • the lower end of the rod 56 is shaped to form a cam 60 having a pair of adjacent flat faces 62 and 64 disposed substantially normal to each other. These flat faces 62 and 64 may be brought to bear selectively against the pawls 48 and 49 by partial rotation of the rod 55 by means of the lever 58.
  • each pawl may be locked securely against the outer edge of its slot 46 as illustrated in Fig. 5.
  • the pawls 48 and 49 are biased against the ratchet teeth 42 by a coil spring 66 fitted around the rod 56, the ends of said spring resting against the rear edges of said pawls.
  • i I' fcl'aim a Argeared ratchet-wrench:including: argear I :zheamisaid'geart head comprising a ;closed :casing,
  • ratchet' wrench includinga. gear ahead;saids-gearthead comprising a closedxca'sing
  • gear'head comprising: a: closed casing, a drivengear rotatablymounted in "said casing,
  • said pawls being selectively engageable with said -ratchet teeth, said hub having an extended shaft,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)

Description

June 15, 1954 MlLLER 2,680,983
GEARED RATCHET WRENCH Filed June 2a, 1953 Fig. I
W if Y I k H32 20 I2 38 so Q Fig. 3
INVENTOR. JE 'RRY T. MILLER 36 mm 8r mm) AGENTS FOR APPLICANT Patented June 15, 1954 UNITED STATES GEARED RATCHET WRENCH Jerry T. Miller, National City, Calif. Application June 23, 1953, Serial No. 363,432
3 Claims. 1
The present invention relates generally to wrenches and more particularly to a geared ratchet wrench.
The primary object of this invention is to provide a ratchet wrench having reduction gears in the driving head to increase the torque of the wrench without increasing the size.
Another object of this invention is to provide a geared ratchet wrench which may be used with many types of conventional interchangeable socket heads and the like.
Another object of this invention is to provide a geared ratchet wrench having a compact, dependable and easily accessible reversing means combined with the reduction gear mechanism.
Another object of this invention is to provide a geared ratchet wrench which is adapted for fabrication from many different materials, so that the choice of material can be according to the dictates of availability and price considerations, the exact sizes and proportions being matters easily determined to suit particular conditions and needs.
Another object of this invention is to provide a geared ratchet wrench which is inexpensive and 1 practicable to manufacture.
Finally, it is an object to provide a geared ratchet wrench of the aforementioned character which is simple, safe and convenient to operate, and which will give generally efiicient and durable service.
With these and other objects definitely in view, this invention consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of elements and portions, as will be hereinafter fully described in the specification, particularly pointed out in the claims, and illustrated in the drawing which forms a material part of this disclosure and wherein similar characters of reference indicate similar or identical elements and portions throughout the specification and throughout the views of the drawing, and in which:
Fig. 1 is a plan view of the wrench.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4--4 of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view similar to Fig. 3 but showing only the ratchet mechanism for clarity.
Referring now to the drawing, the wrench includes a gear head It which comprises a casing 12 and a cover plate l4. Within the casing it are a driven gear 16 and a pinion or smaller drive gear I 8 enmeshed therewith, the driven gear having a square shank 23 which projects through the casing and constitutes the drivng shaft for the socket head 22. The ratchet mechanism 24 is contained in the drive gear 18, from which a shaft 25 extends upwardly and is fitted with a handle 28.
The cover plate i4 is secured to the casing l2 by means of rivets 39 or the like to maintain an effective seal against foreign matter or moisture. The driven gear It has a shoulder 32 which bears on the casingIZ, said driven gear being aligned by a pin 34 which is secured in the shank 2c and is journalled in the cover plate l4. The drive gear [8 has a shoulder 36 which bears on the casing !2, said shoulder having an extended stub shaft 38 journalled in the casing to en sure accurate alignment of the gears. The gear train may include three or more gears.
The drive gear I8 is provided with a serrated bore 49, the serrations serving as ratchet teeth 42. On the lower end of the shaft 25 is a tubular hub 44 which is positioned concentrically in the bore 49, said hub having a pair of adjacent slots 46 through which the pawls 4B and 49 extend. These pawls 48 and 49 have chamfered ends 59 which engage the ratchet teeth 42, and are slidably mounted in the hub 44. The pawls are aligned by means of locating pins 52 embedded in the hub 44, said pins being keyed in longitudinal slots 54 in one edge of each pawl.
Extending axially through the shaft 26 and mounted therein for manual oscillation is a rod 56, at the upper end of which is fitted a lever 58. The lower end of the rod 56 is shaped to form a cam 60 having a pair of adjacent flat faces 62 and 64 disposed substantially normal to each other. These flat faces 62 and 64 may be brought to bear selectively against the pawls 48 and 49 by partial rotation of the rod 55 by means of the lever 58. Thus each pawl may be locked securely against the outer edge of its slot 46 as illustrated in Fig. 5. The pawls 48 and 49 are biased against the ratchet teeth 42 by a coil spring 66 fitted around the rod 56, the ends of said spring resting against the rear edges of said pawls.
If reference be had to Fig. 3, it will be evident that the pawl 48 is free to move in the slot 46 so that the drive gear It may rotate freely in a clockwise direction. However, the drive gear is prevented from counterclockwise rotation by the cam 60. By reversing the cam 60, the direction of free rotation of the drive gear l8 may,
of course, be reversed, thus providing for reversible operation of the wrench. The reduction ratio of the gears enables considerable torque to be applied to the socket head 22 with a comparatively small pressure on the handle 28.
The operation of this invention will be clearly comprehended from a consideration of the foregoing description of the mechanical details thereof, taken in connection with the drawing and the: above utecited "objects. It will be obvious that allsaidob'jects are amply achieved by this invention.
Further description would appear to be unnecessary.
It is understood that minor variation from the form of the invention disclosed"herein may be made without departure from the spiritwand-scope of the invention, and that the specification and drawing are to be considered as merely illustrative rather than limiting.
i I' fcl'aim: a Argeared ratchet-wrench:including: argear I :zheamisaid'geart head comprising a ;closed :casing,
s a i driverrsgeari Totata-bly :mounted :in: saicr easing,
at ;smaller.:drive gear, rotatably mounted in? said W asingi-and 'enmeshed with :said driven gear; a ssricketr head removablwatta'ched' to? 'saididriven gear, said drive gear having a bore, said bore havfiringv a: plurality ofizinternal ratchet'teeth; a reversisbleiratchet mechanism operatively engaging 'said aratchet:teeth; :anda; handle'toperatively connected "-to saida'atchetmechanism.
2.A-":geared? ratchet' wrench :includinga. gear ahead;saids-gearthead comprising a closedxca'sing,
smaller drive= gearrrotatably mountedrin said erasing; BndffTIEnmeSh'Bd WVlth said; 'driven gear; a ssockettehead removably:attached toa said driven asdrivxen'geait'rotatably 'mountediin'tsaict casing, 5
head-:- said gear'head comprising: a: closed casing, a drivengear rotatablymounted in "said casing,
a smaller drive gear rotatably mounted in said casing and enmeshed with said driven gear, a 1, socketfrhead removably attached to said driven gear, said drive gear having a bore, a hub concentrically mounted in said bore, a pair of spaced -=pawls slidably and pivotally mounted in said hub,
said pawls being selectively engageable with said -ratchet teeth, said hub having an extended shaft,
a rod rotatably mounted axially in said shaft, a
camon the lower BIld'Of' said rod-,rsaidncani being "selectively engageable-s-withz said "paW1S SOZithat said pawls are selectively locked :againsts'said ratchetteeth; and a handle operatively connected tosaid shaft.
References Citedain .thezfile or this: patent UNITED STATES PA'IENTS 30v Number i Name 4- Date 417,829 Lowell 4 Dec. 24,1889
. 71,765 Weverretial. Mar; 29,1892
872,633 Anspach rJDecQ B, .1907
. 1,614,534 Norton.-e.\. s J an, 18,1927
.3 2,520,443 Seaquist v -..Augw29,. 1950 1,578,686 i Fishv Dec, 18,1951 -2,'634,630
Johnson LApr.. 14, 1953
US363432A 1953-06-23 1953-06-23 Geared ratchet wrench Expired - Lifetime US2680983A (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2764048A (en) * 1955-02-07 1956-09-25 Leslie V Thompson Ratchet wrench
US3983759A (en) * 1975-09-02 1976-10-05 Linden Craig L Double-acting wrench
DE2923629A1 (en) * 1978-07-12 1980-01-24 Raymond Engineering DEVICE FOR THE EASIER OPERATION OF TORQUE WRENCHES
US4406186A (en) * 1981-05-29 1983-09-27 Gummow Stephen A Dual action ratchet wrench
US4485700A (en) * 1983-01-26 1984-12-04 Colvin David S Reversible ratchet wrench
US4656895A (en) * 1985-02-11 1987-04-14 Erik M. Arnhem Emergency gas shut-off tool
US4720000A (en) * 1986-07-15 1988-01-19 Raymond Engineering Inc. Torque wrench with clutches
US4747328A (en) * 1986-06-20 1988-05-31 Leslie Howard Swivel arm ratchet wrench
US6257097B1 (en) * 2000-09-27 2001-07-10 Liao I-He Ratchet tool having an eccentric rotator
US20140020518A1 (en) * 2012-01-16 2014-01-23 New Way Tools Co., Ltd. Driving End of Tool
US8904906B2 (en) 2011-07-12 2014-12-09 Stephen Adams Wrench
TWI471198B (en) * 2012-01-16 2015-02-01
EP2842693A3 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-06-03 New Way Tools Co., Ltd. Driving end of tool
US9115773B2 (en) 2012-01-16 2015-08-25 New Way Tools Co., Ltd. Driving end of tool
CN107351005A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-11-17 共享装备股份有限公司 The labour-saving spanner that a kind of acting in opposition rotates forward
US20180093366A1 (en) * 2016-10-02 2018-04-05 Shwu-Ruu Chern Wrench with two driving gears
WO2024214116A1 (en) * 2023-04-11 2024-10-17 Shah Manish Parmeshwarbhai Automated wrench

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US417829A (en) * 1889-12-24 Wrench
US471765A (en) * 1892-03-29 Ratchet railroad-track wrench
US872633A (en) * 1907-04-15 1907-12-03 C A Johnson Wrench.
US1614534A (en) * 1926-06-07 1927-01-18 Norton Arthur Preston Wrench
US2520443A (en) * 1946-10-14 1950-08-29 Albert L Seaquist Planetary gear speed wrench
US2578686A (en) * 1945-04-27 1951-12-18 Tubing Appliance Co Inc Open-sided-socket ratchet wrench
US2634630A (en) * 1949-04-04 1953-04-14 William H Johnson Geared wrench

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US417829A (en) * 1889-12-24 Wrench
US471765A (en) * 1892-03-29 Ratchet railroad-track wrench
US872633A (en) * 1907-04-15 1907-12-03 C A Johnson Wrench.
US1614534A (en) * 1926-06-07 1927-01-18 Norton Arthur Preston Wrench
US2578686A (en) * 1945-04-27 1951-12-18 Tubing Appliance Co Inc Open-sided-socket ratchet wrench
US2520443A (en) * 1946-10-14 1950-08-29 Albert L Seaquist Planetary gear speed wrench
US2634630A (en) * 1949-04-04 1953-04-14 William H Johnson Geared wrench

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2764048A (en) * 1955-02-07 1956-09-25 Leslie V Thompson Ratchet wrench
US3983759A (en) * 1975-09-02 1976-10-05 Linden Craig L Double-acting wrench
DE2923629A1 (en) * 1978-07-12 1980-01-24 Raymond Engineering DEVICE FOR THE EASIER OPERATION OF TORQUE WRENCHES
US4231454A (en) * 1978-07-12 1980-11-04 Raymond Engineering Inc. Torque wrench with clutches in series
US4406186A (en) * 1981-05-29 1983-09-27 Gummow Stephen A Dual action ratchet wrench
US4485700A (en) * 1983-01-26 1984-12-04 Colvin David S Reversible ratchet wrench
US4656895A (en) * 1985-02-11 1987-04-14 Erik M. Arnhem Emergency gas shut-off tool
US4747328A (en) * 1986-06-20 1988-05-31 Leslie Howard Swivel arm ratchet wrench
US4720000A (en) * 1986-07-15 1988-01-19 Raymond Engineering Inc. Torque wrench with clutches
US6257097B1 (en) * 2000-09-27 2001-07-10 Liao I-He Ratchet tool having an eccentric rotator
US8904906B2 (en) 2011-07-12 2014-12-09 Stephen Adams Wrench
US20140020518A1 (en) * 2012-01-16 2014-01-23 New Way Tools Co., Ltd. Driving End of Tool
TWI471198B (en) * 2012-01-16 2015-02-01
US9115773B2 (en) 2012-01-16 2015-08-25 New Way Tools Co., Ltd. Driving end of tool
US9333628B2 (en) * 2012-01-16 2016-05-10 New Way Tools Co., Ltd. Driving end of tool
EP2842693A3 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-06-03 New Way Tools Co., Ltd. Driving end of tool
US20180093366A1 (en) * 2016-10-02 2018-04-05 Shwu-Ruu Chern Wrench with two driving gears
CN107351005A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-11-17 共享装备股份有限公司 The labour-saving spanner that a kind of acting in opposition rotates forward
WO2024214116A1 (en) * 2023-04-11 2024-10-17 Shah Manish Parmeshwarbhai Automated wrench

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