US2668877A - Electromechanical translator - Google Patents

Electromechanical translator Download PDF

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US2668877A
US2668877A US78402447A US2668877A US 2668877 A US2668877 A US 2668877A US 78402447 A US78402447 A US 78402447A US 2668877 A US2668877 A US 2668877A
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Prior art keywords
bars
magnetic
cards
card
electromagnets
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Edgar W Gent
Oscar Myers
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AT&T Corp
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Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
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Priority to US78402447 priority Critical patent/US2668877A/en
Priority to CH273825D priority patent/CH273825A/de
Priority to FR969165D priority patent/FR969165A/fr
Priority to NL141509A priority patent/NL72142C/nl
Priority to BE484699A priority patent/BE484699A/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K21/00—Information retrieval from punched cards designed for manual use or handling by machine; Apparatus for handling such cards, e.g. marking or correcting
    • G06K21/04—Information retrieval from punched cards designed for manual use or handling by machine; Apparatus for handling such cards, e.g. marking or correcting in which coincidence of markings is sensed optically, e.g. peek-a-boo system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/18—Electrical details
    • H04Q1/30—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents
    • H04Q1/32—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using trains of DC pulses
    • H04Q1/34—Impulse regenerators with mechanical or other non-electrical marking arrangements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in electromechanical translators of the type disclosed in copending application of Oscar Myers, Serial No. 707,020, filed October 31, 1946, now Patent 2,558,577, granted June 26, 1951.
  • the invention relates to card translators employing perforated cards of magnetic material through which controlled radiant energy is directed to operate an output register.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a translator which is compact in form, relatively simple in construction and inexpensive of manuiacture as compared with existing translators.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a translator capable of rapidly providing a large number of selections for translating input signals received in one code to output signals in a different code, such as may be employed in telephone central ofiice switching and similar applications.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide an electromechanical card translator in which any selected card may be quickly and easily removed for replacement by another card bearing a different set of coded designations.
  • Translators may be employed in telephone practice to effect interconnection between different automatic telephone systems, or between two automatic telephone exchanges employing difierent combinations of code groups or for many other operations in automatic telephone oflices.
  • electromechanical card translators of the type herein disclosed offer a practical solution to this problem in that such changes may be accomplished merely by removing one card from the translator and replacing it with another card having differently coded perforations.
  • our invention provides a translator which affords a rapid, reliable, and relatively inexpensive means for accomplishing a multitude of translation operations in telephone systems.
  • this translator Among the functions which may be automatically performed by this translator are the following: determination of the number of digits in a code, determination of kind of marker to be used, operation of various trafiic registers, selection of alternate routes to a distant exchange, location of called trunk group and determination of which digits to send out and which digits to suppress.
  • the number of output circuits which may be controlled is not limited to '75 as illustrated in the drawings, or to any other fixed number, but is limited only by the number of perforations which may be included in cards of the translator and the number of photosensitive cell grouped in theo utput register.
  • the number of input circuits is not limited to twenty as illustrated but may be any number depending upon the requirements of the system to which the translator is adapted.
  • a translator of the type herein disclosed if provided with forty input circuits divided into eight groups of five each and operated on the same code, i. e., two out of five, could operate upon one thousand cards to provide combinations of one hundred million selections. If operated on a different code, such as three out of six, an even greater number of selections may be obtained.
  • This method comprises: first, reducing input circuit information to a single element, i. e., an individual card; second, operating upon the selected individual card to move it in translation; and third, projecting from the translated card output circuit infor-'- mation.
  • the first two steps are accomplished simultaneously by mean of selecting bars on which the coded card rests.
  • Operation of the input register by a distinctive input code energizes a combination of electromagnets which lower a certain combination of selecting bars thereby allowing a particular card to move in translation.
  • the act of selection and translation is accomplished simultaneously in one operation.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the input register, shown in schematic circuit diagram, connected with the operating elements of our mechanical card translator, here shown in a side view elevation.
  • Fig. 1A discloses one form of output circuit which may be employed in conjunction with each photosensitive cell of the translator output register.
  • Fig. 2 is a top view of the card translator of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective drawing representing a three-dimensional view of the complete card translator of Figs. 1 and 2 with the radiant energy source and collecting lens removed.
  • Fig. 4 is a partial end view showing the random arrangement and haphazard separation of the magnetic cards in an idle translator.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial end view of the same group of magnetic cards shown in Fig. 4, here illustrating the orderly and uniform separation of these cards when operated upon by a strong magnetic field from the lower translator magnets as will subsequently be described in greater detail.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial side view detail showing two selecting bars in operated position.
  • Fig. 7 is a side view detail showing the lifting magnet pole-piece II'I associated with control switch 35 at the start of their upward traverse prior to removing a selected card from the stack.
  • Fig. 8 is a side view of the translator showing the lifting magnet pole-piece II! in its extreme elevated position, with associated control switch '36 completely operated, and a selected magnetic card 5
  • Fig. 9 is a front or face view of the end card 6
  • This View also illustrates the manner of recording output information on the cards by means of a distinctive pattern of elongated perforations superimposed on certain of the standard perforations 59 in such manner that the elongated perforations are continuations of or extensions of the standard perforations which are the same in each card.
  • Fig. 10 is the same face view of Fig. 9 showing the card t-BI of Fig. 9 in translated position, but partially concealed behind another card 62 which has been interposed between the trans lated card and the plane of the observer of Fig. 10.
  • radiant energy represented as light rays, may be seen to penetrate those perforations of card 62 which are aligned with elongated perforations of card while penetration of the remaining perforations in card 62 is prevented by opaque portions of translatedcard BI.
  • the translator comprises a plurality of perforated cards 560 of magnetic material maintained in stacked relationship by guide bars 52 and space plates I2I between non-magnetic end plates 56 and 5'3.
  • the magnetic cards ltil are supported in their stacked relationship by projections extending from their lower edges as may be seen by the individual card 5
  • the lower edges of the code bars me are all provided with a plurality of saw-toothed notches I39 into which may be fitted a corresponding plurality of saw-toothed projections on the upper edges of corresponding selecting bars as illustrated by IBM in Fig. 3.
  • the projections on the upper edges of the selecting bars function as cams by means of which the code bars are supported.
  • the code bars are held down against the cam projections of their corresponding selecting bars by a plurality of pretensioned springs Hi6 and Ill? which are secured to brackets HI and H2 mounted on end plates 55 and 5'! respectively.
  • electromagnet lila which is one of the plurality of electromagnets I22
  • electromagnet lila when energized will attract magnetic armature lei which is engaged with selecting bar iella, thereby causing selecting bar I 000. to move to the right, thus allowing code bar I05 to slide downward through slots I25 and I26 to a lower position, under the pressure of springs I06 and I01.
  • electromagnet IIIb which is also one of the plurality of electromagnets I22
  • armature I92 which engages selecting bar I001
  • any eight selecting bars on the basis of two out of each group of five will lower the corresponding eight code bars to allow one card to be lowered into translated position. All the remaining cards are retained in normal stacked position because they are supported by one or more code bars which have not been displaced.
  • electromagnets 38 situated between fixed magnetic pole-pieces II9 which in turn are secured to non-magnetic end plates 55 and 51 by means of screws I20.
  • Adjacent to pole-pieces I I9 and in magnetic contact therewith are movable pole-pieces I I! held in intimate contact with pole-pieces II9 by means of screws I I8 extending through slots which enable the pole-pieces I I! to slide vertically along the outer faces of the pole-pieces II9.
  • Mechanical means are provided for raising or lowering the polepieces I I! under the control of an operator.
  • FIG. 7 shows the operation of cams I I5 upon brackets IIfi to raise pole-pieces II! when lever II3 has been moved a short distance to the right.
  • Fig. 8 shows the position of cams I I5 in brackets I I6 when pole pieces I II have been raised to their extreme elevated position, as a result of lever I I3 being moved to its extreme right-hand position. Movement of the lever I I3 to the left will return pole-pieces III to their normal lowered positions as illustrated by Fig. 3.
  • insulated switch arm 43 Fastened to the left end of lower pole-piece I I! as seen in Fig. 3 is insulated switch arm 43 which extends through vertical slot 44 in the end plate 55. Arm 43 operates spring switch 36 (shown in Fig. l) as will be described in detail in reference to other figures.
  • the input register which is diagrammed schematically, comprises the electromagnets Iila through IIle, IIa through He, I2a through I2e, and I3a through I3e, inclusive.
  • one terminal of each of the electromagnets IOa through ISe is connected to one side of the battery I 4, the other side of battery I4 being grounded.
  • the other terminals of the electromagnets connect to the leads I5a through I5e, 25a through 25s, 2811 through 286, and M a through 3 I e, inclusive, these leads in turn connecting to the sender which receives the dialed information and sends it to the card translator for decoding action by the translator.
  • the sender is not shown in Fig. 1 as it is not the subject of this invention, but may be of a well-known type common to telephone practice.
  • electromagnets IIIa and I00 may be energized, while electromagnets I00 and IIIe may be energized if the digit 9 is dialed.
  • electromagnets Ia and IIie Associated with the magnets Ia and IIie are the two dual contact switches I6 and I1 respectively. When the electromagnets are not energized the armatures of these switches are positioned so as to make electrical connection with the lower contacts. When the respective electromagnets are energized, however, the armatures are moved so as to establish a continuous circuit at the upper contacts.
  • the electromagnets Ilib, I00 and Id each operate two sets of switch contacts similar to the switches I6 and I1, and, in addition, the magnet IIIc operates a third armature 24 which is of the one contact variety.
  • the lower contact of switch I6 is connected to the armature of switch I8 and the upper contact of switch I6 is connected to the armature of switch I9, both of the armatures It and It being responsive to the electromagnet IIIb.
  • the upper contact of armature I8 is connected to the lower contact of armature I9.
  • armature I9 is connected to the lower contact of armature and the lower con tact of armature I9 is connected to the upper contact of armature 20 as well as the lower contact of armature 2!, while the upper contact of armature 2
  • Armature 20 is connected to the lower contact of armature 23
  • armature 2I is connected to the upper contact of 23 and the lower contact of 22, and armature 24 is connected to the upper contact of 22.
  • armatures 22 and 23 are connected to the upper and lower contacts respectively of armature II.
  • armature I1 is connected with armature 28 which is responsive to electromagnet He in the second bank of electromagnets illustrated by Fig. 1.
  • the sender operates to simultaneously ground two out of the five input register leads in each of the remaining banks 25a through 250, 28a through 280, and 3Ia through 3Ic.
  • electromagnets I la and I Ie will be operated to complete a circuit from armature 26 through armature 21 as shown by the heavy line
  • electromagnets I22) and IM will be operated to complete a continuous circuit from armature 29 to armature 30, and in the last bank if leads Me and 3Ie are grounded by the sender magnets I3c aeeaew 7 and [3e will be operated to complete acircuit from: armature 32 toarmature as shown by the" heavy line.
  • The" 29 electromagnets' Hla through 19.2; Ma through lie, i2'a through l2e, and 23a through I39, diagrammed' schematically in Fig. 1 are physically located at the right of the translator I as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and areeach associated with a corresponding selecting bar.
  • iarmature Mi of electromagnet lilo is'connected to selecting bar Wild
  • armature H32 of electromagnet Ebb is connected to selecting bar 10Gb as shownhin Fig. 3.
  • the 20 eleetromagnets are arranged in groups of five each, electromagnets Illa, I and we being mounted above electromagnets b and lild as seen in Fig; 3.
  • electromagnets Ha, I! lc'and 1 ie are mounted; adjacent to electromagnct-s lila, lllc and its and above eleetromagnets lib and lid. This is also true for. electromagnets E: through lie and [3a through I36. magnets 12a, [20 and 52a are mounted above [22) and 12d (not' visible) and electromagnets I'3a, [3c and [3e are mounted above l3?) and !3d (also not visible).
  • each of these same eight. magnets operates on its associated selecting bar of. the translator, thereby cnabling. a selected card to move in translation as hereinbefore described.
  • magnets 10a" and I91 are shown in their true physical relationship to their respective magnetic armatures I BI and E02, engaged with selecting bars 100a and [0073, respectively, in such manner that when the. magnets are energized the armatures will be attracted and. the selecting bars will be moved through the translator in the direction from left to right in.the drawing of Fig. 1.
  • the selecting bar lilfia which is seen ciearly in front of selecting bar Hlflb in Fig. 1 will be moved over ball-bearings 183, against the tension of spring I04, when armature ii)! is attracted by electromagnet [0a.
  • a mechanical coupling I08 which operates the dual contact switch It when the selecting bar is moved by magnet Illa.
  • This contact switch it is the same contact switch which is identically numbered in' the top left portion of the schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
  • the electromagnet lilb' when energized, operates upon its magnetic armature N12 to pull its associated selectin bar I002) in a direction moving from left to right through the translatorof Fig. 1, and at the same time operating switch armature springs I 8 and I9 which, as we have previouslyseen, are identically numbered in the'schematic diagram of the input register circuit shown in the upper portion Simi- 1;
  • the selecting bar i001 is provided with a plurality of saw-tooth projections I09 along the upper edge andv these projections serve as cams bymeans'of which the codebar I05 is supported.
  • theselectin'g bar Hlfla is moved tothe right, the point of sup portof cams [09 isshiftedtherebyallowing co'd'e bar we to be lowered under the pressure exerted by springs I06 and I01.
  • All the other selecting bars have similar saw-tooth cams which cooperate in the same manner with recesses in corresponding codebars, as may be more clearly-seen in reference to-Figs. 2, 3 and 6.
  • Ehe function of these magnets is two-fold in that first they exerta downward pull' on all of the magnetic cards, thereby adding. to the force of gravity to assist in the downward movement of the selected card to its translated position, and secondly they create a magnetic field which passes through all. of the cards in such a manner thatcorresponding edges of adjacent. cards are similarly magnetized.
  • This induction of like magnetic polesin corresponding edges of all of the magnetic cards creates a tendency for adjacent cards to repel each other, thus assuring, a slight but uniform separation between cards. This magnetic separation of cards reduces interleaf friction betweenadjacent cards, thereby.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the manner in whichoperating clearance is provided between adjacent cards of the stack when like magnetic poles are induced in. corresponding edges of the cards. I'his may be contrasted with the haphazard and random separation between cards illustrated by Fig. 4' which disclosesa condition that may prevail when electromagnets 37 are not energized.
  • FIG. 1 At the top of the translator illustrated in Fig. 1 may be seen lifting. magnets? 38, here shown in dotted. lines as they are hidden. from. viewbehind lifting pole-piece I ll. These upper mag.- nets. provide. means. for removing a selected card from the stack whenever this may be desired,.and.-
  • Fig. 1A Since potential has been applied from battery I45 to the anode of all ouput tubes 147, through operation of relay I40, those photoelectric tubes on which radiant energy impinges, one of which is represented schematically by Fig. 1A, will trigger controlling an ouput relay, and the plurality of relays thus controlled comprise an output register.
  • Any suitable light sensitive circuit maybe employed to control these output registers, the arrangement shown in Fig. 1A being merely one form of operable circuit.
  • Another form might embody high current light sensitive cells which operate outputrelays directly without the aid of intervening gas tubes, or still another form may eliminate the electromagnetic output relays and employ trigger tubes as the output register.
  • the details of the light sensitive control circuit disclosed in Fig. 1A are perse claimed to be novel.
  • the selected card to be removed is first lowered in the normal manner by sending the code for the desired card into the translator. This may be accomplished by means of the usual sender, as described above, or by means of an auxiliary lseyset circuit which grounds twoout of live leads in each bank of the input register. With the selected card lowered into translated position the operator then moves hand lever M3 to the right, rotating cams H5 in a counter-- clockwise direction and thereby exerting an upward force on brackets H6 to litt .the sliding .pole-pi eces II! as seen in Figs. 7 audit. .Protruding from the left-hand extremity of lower pole-piece Ill as seen in Fig.
  • insulated switch arm 43 shown clearly in Fig. 3, which moves upward through slot 44 to operate switch 36 as the associated pole-piece I i1 is raised.
  • This switch provides means for deenergizing lower magnets 31 :and energizing ejecting magnet shown at the very .bottom of the translator in Fig. 1, beneath the magnets 31.
  • Ejecting magnet 45 cooperates with the upper magnets 38 to assist in removinga selected card from the stack. This cooperation is rendered in the following manner: As seen in Fig.
  • the selected card 5i which is adhering to magnetic pole-pieces in, has now been elevated a sufficient distance above the stack so that the coded projections along its lower edge are above :the space guide bar 52, and the selected card may now be removed from the translator by withdrawing it sidewise from the stack.
  • Figs. 9 illustrates the idle condition of the translator with all of the cards aligned in their normal stacked relationship, their coded projections such as I2, I3, I6, 80, etc. shown in Fig. 9 resting normally on idle code bars I05, none of the selecting magnets and associated selecting bars having been operated, and with the radiant energy source unenergized.
  • a plurality of magnetic paths will be seen to extend between pole-pieces 9i and 92 through the steel ball bearings I03 which are in intimate contact with pole-piece BI thence through the magnetic selecting bars which rest upon these ball bearings, thence through the code bars which rest on these selecting bars, thence through the coded projections on one side of the magnetic cards which rest upon these code bars, thence through the magnetic cards themselves to the if (I III] coded projections on the other side of the cards and from here through the associated code bars, selecting bars and steel ball bearings which are in intimate magnetic contact with pole piece 92.
  • the magnetic circuit between electromagnets 31 is completed through the magnetic base plate 93.
  • the magnetism which is thus induced in the magnetic translator cards, as was explained previously, in addition to accelerating the move ment of the cards in translation also provides operating clearance between adjacent magnetized cards as illustrated by Fig. 5.
  • the photosensitive elements of the output register may each be adapted to operate a relay or a vacuum tube circuit as shown in Fig. 1A, whereby a number of useful functions may be performed.
  • our translator may be employed to replace route relays and route relay cross-connections in markers, or to provide information associated with a particular subscriber at a telephone office arranged for automatic message accounting.
  • Many other uses may be found in communication and related arts for a versatile translator of the type herein disclosed.
  • a translating device comprising a plurality of perforated record cards, means for holding said cards in horizontal stacked relationship, each of said cards having a plurality of extensions along the bottom edge thereof, said extensions being grouped in a distinctive arrangement for each card, a plurality of supporting bars ex tending beneath said stacked cards providing means of support on which extensions of said cards rest, supporting means for said supporting bars which permit said bars to be individually aoeaezm r13 lowered when operated upon, restraining means which (normally hold said supporting bars in their uppermost positions, an input register comprising a plurality of electromagnets adapted ,to lower individual supporting bars when said ⁇ electromagnets are energized, whereby upon energization of a distinctive group of said electromagnets inaccordance with an inputcode selected cards may be lowered in translation .irom said stack, a source of energy directed against said cards and transmissible through perforations of said selected cards in translation, and an output register comprising a plurality of elements responsive to said energy to said
  • a translating arrangement comprising a plurality of input registers, a plurality of output registers, a plurality of stackable magnetic plates each having a distinctive pattern of serrated a edges and a plurality of distinctive perforations, means for maintaining said magnetic plate in stacked relationship, means for selectively dis placing individual plates singly from said stack by operation upon said distinctively serrated;
  • a translating arrangement comprising plurality of input registers, a plurality of 'output registers and a device comprising a plurality "of magnetic plates in horizontal stacked relationship, each of said plates having a plurality of teeth arranged in a distinctive pattern along one edgethereof, said'te'eth resting upon a plurality of magnetic selecting bars whereby the "stacked plates are supported, said input registers operating on said selecting 'bars in response to coded input signals so as to cause one of said stacked magnetic plates to drop below its normal position, a plurality of perforations in 'all of said plates arranged in alignment when said'plates are in stacked relation, auxiliary perforations on said plates arranged in 'a distinctive pattern for each plate, and means controlled by the auxiliary perforations of said displaced plate and the aligned perforations of said stacked plates for operating said output registers.
  • a translating device comprising a plurality of input registers, a plurality of stackable magnetic plates, means for maintaining said plates in horizontal stacked relation, a plurality of teeth extending from a corresponding edge or each plate in said stack, said .teeth arranged in a distinctive pattern for each plate, a plurality of magnetic code bars in intimate contact with said magnetic :teeth thereby supporting said magnetic plates, means for displacing certain of said code bars in response to :a coded designation impressed upon said input registers :whereby 'a particular plate supported solely by said displaced bars will be selected from :said stack and .moved into a lower position out ofnli'gnment with the remaining stacked plates, a "pinrality of main apertures corresponding iinzall inf said plates, said apertures arranged in :alignment when :said plates are in normal stacked position, auxiliary apertures in all of said plates, said auxiliary apertures arranged in ,:a distinctive pattern for each plate,
  • a translating device comprising a plurality voi perforated plates oflmagnetic material, means for holding said plates in horizontal stacked relationship, each of said plates having a plurality of protrusions extending from one edge thereof, said protrusions being grouped in a distinctive arrangement for each plate, a first group of parallel bars of magnetic material extending horizontally beneath said stacked plates and providing means or support'on which protrusions of said plates rest, the underside of each of said parallel bars being formed as one surface of a cam mechanism, a second group of parallel bars of magnetic material extending horizontally beneathsaid first group of bars, the upper surfaces of the bars in said second group being formed as cams corresponding to and cooperating with the cam surfaces or bars in said first group and providing means of support on which said first bars rest, restraining means limiting said first bars to vertical movement when operated upon by the cams of said second bars, additional restraining means limiting said second bars to horizontal movement, a plurality of electromagnets each adapted to move one of said second bars longitudinally when
  • A'pluralityof stackedmag-netic metal plates having perforated apertures, certain of said apertures common to allof said plates in their normal :aligned condition, other perforated apertures individual to each plate, means for maintaining said plate in alignment, directed energy producing means common to all-of said apertures, a plurality of separate energy responsive means aligned with said producing means and saidcominon apertures, a plurality of teeth extending from a corresponding edge of each plate in a distinctive pattern for each plate, means for displacing :a selected plate by operating upon the distinctive pattern of teeth in said plate so as to withdraw said selected plate from the aligned l. stack .suincientl-y to cause the distinctive aperwithdrawnplate, so vthat only the receivingmeans whichare aligned with said distinctive apertures will be energized.
  • a translator employing a plurality of movable magnetic translating plates in a stack, magnetic selecting bars, means for inducing additional magnetic field in said plates to assist said selecting bars in displacing selected magnetic plates, additional magnetic means arranged adjacent opposite edges of said magnetic plates from said selecting bars and said first magnetic means, and control means for energizing said additional magnetic means simultaneously with release of said selecting bars and said first magnetic means, whereby a selected magnetic plate may be withdrawn from the stack.
  • a translating device comprising plurality of perforated record cards, means for holding said cards in horizontal stacked relationship, each of said cards having a plurality of extensions along the bottom edge thereof, said extensions being grouped in a distinctive arrangement for each card, a plurality of supporting bars extending beneath said stacked cards providing means of support on which extensions of said cards rest, supporting means for said supporting bars which permit said bars to be individually lowered when operated upon, restraining means which normally hold said supporting bars in their uppermost position, an input register comprising a plurality of electromagnets adapted to lower individual supporting bars when said electromagnets are energized, whereby upon energization of a distinctive group of said electromagnets in accordance with an input code selected cards may be lowered in translation from said stack, a source of radiant energy directed against said cards and transmissible through perforations of said selected cards in translation, and an output register comprising a plurality of photosensitive elements responsive to said radiant energy to efiect an output registration corresponding to the perforations of said selected cards.
  • a translating device comprising a plurality of perforated record cards, means for holding said cards in horizontal stacked relationship, each of said cards having a plurality of extensions of magnetic material along the bottom edge'there of, said extensions being grouped in a distinctive arrangement for each card, a plurality of mag netic code bars extending beneath said stacked cards providing means of support on which said magnetic extensions of said cards rest, magnetic supporting means for said code bars which permit said bars to be individually lowered when operated upon, means for producing a magnetic field through said supporting means, said code bars and magnetic extensions whereby said extensions tend to adhere to said code bars, restraining means which normally hold said code bars in their uppermost positions, an input register comprising a plurality of electromagnets adapted to lower individual code bars when said electromagnets are energized, whereby upon energization of a distinctive group of said electromagnets in accordance with an input code any of said cards may be lowered in translation from said stack, a source of radiant energy'directed against said cards and transmissible through perforations of
  • a translating device comprising a plurality of perforated record cards of magnetic material, means for holding said cards in horizontal stacked relationship, each of said cards having a plurality of extensions along the bottom edge thereof, said extensions being grouped in a distinctive arrangement for each card, a plurality of supporting bars of magnetic material extending beneath said stacked magnetic cards and providing means of support on which extensions of said cards rest, magnetic supporting means for said supporting bars which permit said bars to be individually lowered when operated upon, means for creating a magnetic field through said supporting means, said supporting bars, and said magnetic cards whereby cards tend to ad here to said selecting bars, restraining means which normally hold said supporting bars in their uppermost positions, an input register comprising a plurality of electromagnets adapted to lower individual supporting bars when said electromagnets are energized, whereby upon energizetion of a distinctive group of said electromagnets in accordance with an input code vselected cards may be lowered in translation from said stack, a source of radiant energy directed against said cards and transmissible through perforations
  • a translating device comprising a plurality of perforated magnetic record cards, means for holding said cards in horizontal stacked relationship, each of said cards having a plurality of extensions along the bottom edge thereof, said extensions being grouped in a distinctive arrangement for each card, a plurality of supporting bars of magnetic material extending beneath said stacked cards providing means of support on which extensions of said cards rest and to which said extensions tend to adhere through attraction, supporting means for said supporting bars which permit said bars to be individually lowered when operated upon, restraining means which normally hold said supporting bars in their uppermost positions, magnetic means adapted to induce magnetism of like polarity in corresponding edges of adjacent magnetic record cards such that said cards tend to repel each other so as to provide operating clearance between magnetic cards in said stack, an input register comprising a plurality of electromagnets adapted to lower individual supporting bars when said electromagnets are energized, whereby upon energizetion of a distinctive group of said electromagnets in accordance with an input code a selected card may be lowered in translation from said stack, a source of radiant
  • a translating device comprising a plurality of perforated record cards of magnetic material. means for holding said cards in horizontal stacked relationship, each of said cards having a plurality of extensions along the bottom edge thereof, said extensions being grouped in a distinctive arrangement for each card, a plurality of code bars of magnetic material extending beneath said stacked cards and providing means of support on which extensions of said cards rest, magnetic supporting bars for said code bars which permit said code bars to be individually lowered when operated upon, means for inducing a magnetic field through said supporting bars, said code bars and said magnetic cards, said means adapted to induce magnetism of lik polarity in corresponding edges of adjacent magnetic record cards such that said cards tend to repel each other so as to provide operating clearance between cards in said stack, additional magnetic means adjacent opposite edges of said stacked magnetic cards from said code bars and said first magnetic means, whereby upon operation of said second magnetic means with release of said first magnetic means and said code bars a selected card may be withdrawn from said stack, a source of radiant energy directed against said cards and transmissible through perforations of said selected
  • a translating device comprising a plurality of perforated record cards of magnetic material, means for holding said cards in horizontal stacked relationship, each of said cards having a plurality of extensions along the bottom edge thereof, said extensions being grouped in a dis-.
  • tinctive arrangement for each card a plurality of supporting bars of magnetic material extending beneath said stacked cards and providing means of support on which extensions of said cards rest, magnetic supporting means for said supporting bars which permit said bars to be individually lowered when operated upon, a first magnetic means adapted to induce magnetism .of like polarity in corresponding edges of adjacent record cards through said supporting means said supporting bars and said extensions, said magnetism creating a tendency for said extensions to adhere to said supporting bars and for said cards to repel each other within said stack, a second magnetic means adjacent opposite edges of said stacked magnetic cards from said supporting bars, additional mechanical means extending beneath said horizontally stacked cards and adapted to cooperate with said second magnetic means when operated concurrently therewith so that a selected card may be ejected from said stack, restraining means which normally hold said supporting bars in their uppermost positions, an input register comprising a plurality of electromagnets adapted to lower individual supporting bars when said electromagnets are energized, whereby upon energization of a distinctive group of said electromagnet
  • a translating device comprising a plurality of perforated plates of magnetic material, means for holding said plates in horizontal stacked relationship, each of said plates having a plurality of protrusions extending from one edge thereof, said protrusions being grouped in a distinctive arrangement for each plate, a first group of parallel bars of magnetic material extending horizontally beneath said stacked plates and providing means of support on which protrusions of said plates rest, the under side of each of said parallel bars being formed as one surface of a cam mechanism, a second group of parallel bars of magnetic material extending horizontally beneath said first group of bars, the upper surfaces of the bars in said second group being formed as cams corresponding to and cooperat ing with the cam surfaces of bars in said first group and providing means of support on which said first bars rest, restraining means limiting said first bars to vertical movement when operated upon by the cams of said second bars, additional restraining means limiting said second bars to longitudinal movement, a plurality of electromagnets each adapted to move one of said second bars longitudinally when energized,
  • a translating device comprising a plurality of perforated plates of magnetic material, means for holding said plates in horizontal stacked relationship, each of said plates having a plurality of protrusions extending from one edge thereof, said protrusions being grouped in a distinctive arrangement for each plate, a first group of parallel bars of magnetic material extendin horizontally beneath said stacked plates and providing means of support on which protrusions of said plates rest, the under side of each of said parallel bars being formed as one surface of a cam mechanism, a second group of parallel bars of magnetic material extending horizontally beneath said first group of bars, the upper surfaces of the bars in said second group being formed as cams corresponding to and cooperating with the cam surfaces of bars in said first group, and providing means of support on which said first bars rest, restraining means limiting said first bars to vertical movementwheni operated upon by the-cams ofsaid secondibars, ad-. ditional restraining means limitin said secondbars to horizontal movement, a plurality of'electromagnets each
  • a translating device comprising a: plurality of perforated plates of magnetic material, means for holding said plates inhorizontal stacked relationship, each of said'plates having a purality of protrusons extending from one edge thereof, said protrusionsbeing grouped'in-a distinctive arrangement for each plate, a first group of parallel bars of magnetic'material extending horizontally beneathsaid stacked plates and providingmeans of support on which protrusions of said plates rest, the under side of-each' of said parallel bars being formed as one surface of a cam mechanism, a secondgroup of parallelbars of .magnetic material extending horizontally beneath said first group of bars, the uppersurfaces of the bars in said-second group-being formed as cams correspondingto and-cooperat ing with the cam surfaces of bars in'said first group and providing means of support on'w-hich said first bars rest, restraining means limiting said first bars to vertical movement when operated upon by the cams of said'second bars, additional restraining means limiting said second bars to horizontal movement
  • said bars operateto restoresaid ⁇ Se-a. lected. plateto. said. stack; and a, plurality of r 20 photosensitive output elements operable by: radii ant energy transmitted through distinctive perfos rations in a selected platewhen' lowered in translation.
  • a translating device comprising a plurality of perforatedv plates of magnetic material, means for holding said plates in horizontal: stacked relationship, each of saidplates havinga plurality of protrusions extending from. one edge thereof, said protrusions being grouped in. a distinctive arrangement for each plate, a first group of parallel bars, of magnetic material extending horizontally beneath said stackedplatesand providing means of: support on whicnprcr trusions of. said platesrest, the, under; side. of; each of said parallel: bars. being formed; as. one surface-of a cam mechanism, a secondgrouplof: parallel bars of magnetic.
  • magnetic means and:deenerg ization of said electromagnets and'said additional mag-- netic means-rafter a translation, and'a-pluralityv of photosensitive output elements operable by radiantenergy transmitted through distinctiveperforations inia selected platewhenlowered in translation.
  • a translating device comprising a-pluralityof'perforated plates of magnetic material, means for holding said plates in horizontal stacked relationship, each of said plates having apluralityof protrusions extending from one edgethereof, said protrusions being grouped in a distinctive arrangement for each plate, a first group of parallelbars of magnetic material extending horizontally beneath said stacked plates and providing means of support on which protrusions of said plates rest, the under side of each of said parallel-barsbeing formed as one surface of a-cammechanism, a second group of parallel bars of magnetic materialextending horizontally beneathsaid first group of bars, the uppersurfaces of the bars in said second group being formed as-- cams corresponding to and cooperating--with-the'cam'surfaces of bars in said first group and providing means of support on which said first bars rest, restraining means limiting said first bars to vertical movement when operated upon by the cams of said second bars, additional restraining means limiting said second bars to horizontal movement, a plurality of electromag
  • a switching system for interconnecting a plurality of instrumentalities in predetermined circuit combinations, a light source, a photoelectric sensing means upon which the light from said source impinges, a selector mechanism disposed between said light source and said sensing means for modifying the light impinging on the latter means, said selector mechanism including a.
  • selector means for initiating the interconnection of instrumentalities in one of a plurality of predetermined-circuit combinations, a selector-mech-.. anism responsive to said means, a light source,.;
  • selector mechanism including a series of motor-driven cams controlled by said selector means and further including a plurality of independently operable and controlled elements coacting with said.
  • cams for movement to operative position thereby and each having means formed thereon for.
  • a device including a stack of essentially plane cards which are at least partially magnetic, said cards being modified by scannable indicia, a supporting and mounting frame within which said cards are mounted in a normally stackedv position, each of said cards having freedom of movement in One direction in the plane of the card into a selected position under control of codewise operable selecting means cooperating with codewise edge modifications of said cards, means operable to propel a selected card exclusively of other cards in a direction reversely of its selecting direction of movement, magnet means made effective incident to the operation of said propelling means to apply force tending to hold said selected card in a thusly propelled position beyond its normally stacked position whereby it may be more readily removed from said stack.
  • magnetic means energizable to tend to move a selected card to a selected position, and means operable incident to the energization of said magnet means to insure temporary deenergization of said magnetic means.
  • a card device including a stack of cards which are magnetic at least along an edge thereof, means for facilitating card withdrawal consisting of selecting means to select a card for withdrawal, force applying projectin means to project a card whereby it is carried to a freely withdrawable position, and magnetic means in addition to said force applying projecting means for retaining it in said freely Withdrawable position.
  • a card scanning device including a stack of cards having openings therethrough, a source of radiant energy located to project such energy through aligned openings in said cards, output means including radiant energy responsive means on the far side of said stack from said source, said cards having individual normal positions and individual selected positions, means operable at times for selecting and displacing at least one card from its normal position to its selected positions, said openings being of such dimensions and arranged with respect to one another so that such selecting and displacing changes the number of such aligned openings, and
  • aces-m1 means operable concurrently with any such displacing to condition said output means from a condition inhibiting response to; a condition permitting response to the energy traversing" such changed number of aligned openings.
  • theresponsive means includes elements; means whereby the condition inhibiting response in established by a non-respondin electrical condition ofsaid elements, and means whereby the condition permitting response is established by changing said non-responding electrical condition 24 to a. responding condition by application of electrical voltage to said elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
US78402447 1947-11-04 1947-11-04 Electromechanical translator Expired - Lifetime US2668877A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US78402447 US2668877A (en) 1947-11-04 1947-11-04 Electromechanical translator
CH273825D CH273825A (de) 1947-11-04 1948-07-12 Elektromechanischer Umsetzer.
FR969165D FR969165A (fr) 1947-11-04 1948-07-13 Traducteur électromécanique
NL141509A NL72142C (nl) 1947-11-04 1948-07-17 Electromagnetische kaartkiesinrichting
BE484699A BE484699A (fr) 1947-11-04 1948-09-07 Traducteur électromécanique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US78402447 US2668877A (en) 1947-11-04 1947-11-04 Electromechanical translator

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US2668877A true US2668877A (en) 1954-02-09

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US78402447 Expired - Lifetime US2668877A (en) 1947-11-04 1947-11-04 Electromechanical translator

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US (1) US2668877A (en:Method)
BE (1) BE484699A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH273825A (en:Method)
FR (1) FR969165A (en:Method)
NL (1) NL72142C (en:Method)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2774821A (en) * 1952-05-06 1956-12-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Card translator
US2807728A (en) * 1950-04-05 1957-09-24 Nat Res Dev Digital data storage systems
US3005548A (en) * 1956-08-16 1961-10-24 California Packing Corp Peach pit fragment detection means and techniques
US3026417A (en) * 1958-02-17 1962-03-20 Gen Electric Co Ltd Photoconductive devices
US3121159A (en) * 1959-01-05 1964-02-11 Universal Controls Inc Central office massive memory recording system
US3184733A (en) * 1960-12-14 1965-05-18 Automatic Elect Lab Translator employing photoconductive panels and electroluminescent panels
US3328589A (en) * 1963-04-10 1967-06-27 Jr Thomas G Ferguson Photoelectric apparatus for providing pulsing signals including stacked plate focussing means
US3465460A (en) * 1968-08-07 1969-09-09 Ernest A Dahl Jr File structure
US3490588A (en) * 1967-07-11 1970-01-20 Little Computers Inc Card sorting apparatus
US3521034A (en) * 1965-09-13 1970-07-21 Calvin N Mooers Battery controlled machine
US3526755A (en) * 1961-07-03 1970-09-01 John D Campbell Information storage and retrieval system
US3643241A (en) * 1960-03-01 1972-02-15 Ncr Co Random-access information store system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL171354B (nl) * 1951-07-25 Mitsui Petrochemical Ind Werkwijze voor het winnen van hydrochinon uit p-diisopropylhydroperoxide.

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2002808A (en) * 1929-09-04 1935-05-28 John W Whitson Card filing and segregating apparatus
US2361246A (en) * 1943-05-05 1944-10-24 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Card translator

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2002808A (en) * 1929-09-04 1935-05-28 John W Whitson Card filing and segregating apparatus
US2361246A (en) * 1943-05-05 1944-10-24 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Card translator

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2807728A (en) * 1950-04-05 1957-09-24 Nat Res Dev Digital data storage systems
US2774821A (en) * 1952-05-06 1956-12-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Card translator
US3005548A (en) * 1956-08-16 1961-10-24 California Packing Corp Peach pit fragment detection means and techniques
US3026417A (en) * 1958-02-17 1962-03-20 Gen Electric Co Ltd Photoconductive devices
US3121159A (en) * 1959-01-05 1964-02-11 Universal Controls Inc Central office massive memory recording system
US3643241A (en) * 1960-03-01 1972-02-15 Ncr Co Random-access information store system
US3184733A (en) * 1960-12-14 1965-05-18 Automatic Elect Lab Translator employing photoconductive panels and electroluminescent panels
US3526755A (en) * 1961-07-03 1970-09-01 John D Campbell Information storage and retrieval system
US3328589A (en) * 1963-04-10 1967-06-27 Jr Thomas G Ferguson Photoelectric apparatus for providing pulsing signals including stacked plate focussing means
US3521034A (en) * 1965-09-13 1970-07-21 Calvin N Mooers Battery controlled machine
US3490588A (en) * 1967-07-11 1970-01-20 Little Computers Inc Card sorting apparatus
US3465460A (en) * 1968-08-07 1969-09-09 Ernest A Dahl Jr File structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE484699A (fr) 1948-09-30
CH273825A (de) 1951-02-28
FR969165A (fr) 1950-12-15
NL72142C (nl) 1953-03-17

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