US2666882A - Auxiliary commutating field - Google Patents

Auxiliary commutating field Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2666882A
US2666882A US293637A US29363752A US2666882A US 2666882 A US2666882 A US 2666882A US 293637 A US293637 A US 293637A US 29363752 A US29363752 A US 29363752A US 2666882 A US2666882 A US 2666882A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
winding
excitation
field
shunt
commutating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US293637A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Maurice J Pasculle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CA509355A priority Critical patent/CA509355A/en
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority to US293637A priority patent/US2666882A/en
Priority to JP1061253A priority patent/JPS302206B1/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2666882A publication Critical patent/US2666882A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/02—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting
    • H02K23/24—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting having commutating-pole windings

Definitions

  • An' important' obj ect' of ⁇ my invention is to improve the eommutation' of' an adjustable-field variable-speed direct current'motor, byusing the shunt-field current or" voltage to excite an auxiliary commutat-ing-fi'eld winding.
  • My invention provides a cumulatively acting auxiliary commutating winding, which is adjustably excited from the same current or' voltage which is'applied to the shunt-field winding.
  • An important object of my invention istherefore to provide an auxiliary commutating windin g, drawing a current which is: considerably smaller than that which flows through the main or series commutating winding, so that it is relatively easy' and inexpensive to adjust "the excitation of the auxiliary commutation winding, and so that other advantages may-beobtained, as will be pointed out hereinafter.
  • Auxiliary commutating windings have been known before, in
  • the objects and accomplishments of my invention include also the achievement of a fiatter speed-characteristic on overloads.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of circuits and apparatus, illustrating my invention in a preferred form of embodiment
  • FIGs. 2, 3 and 4 are similar views illustrating modified connections and applications of my invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view illustrating the positioning of the windings on the field-frame of an illustrative motor or generator embodying my invention.
  • My invention while possibly not altogether limited thereto, is particularly applicable to, or needed in, direct-current shunt-excited dynamoelectric machines, particularly motors, in sizes above a 28-inch armature-diameter, with polenumbers ranging from 6 poles, with a 32-inch armature-diameter, up to 24 poles, with a 144- inch armature-diameter, or even larger machines, if they are built.
  • My invention is particularly applicable to variable-speed motors, which require shunt-field excitations which are varied over a rather considerable range, for considerable speed-variation or control. At present, the largest commercial use of my invention is in the field of variable-speed motors, such as are used in steel-mills, and in many other industrial uses.
  • Fig. 1 I have diagrammatically indicated my invention as applied to a motor which includes an armature M, a shunt-type field-winding II] which may be either separately or selfexcited, a series compensating winding It, a series commutating winding l2, and an auxiliary commutating winding l3.
  • the motor is essentially a shunt-motor, which either has no series field winding (as shown), or if a series field winding is used at all it will have only a small compounding-effect.
  • the field-frame of the motor comprises a cylindrical yoke [4, having main poles l5 and commutating poles or interpoles l6 bolted thereto.
  • the main poles have a pole-shank portion 20, which carries the shunt-field winding which is diagrammatically indicated at ID in Fig. 5, and a pole-tip portion 2
  • the interpole I6 carries both the main or series commutating winding I2 and the auxiliary commutating winding l3, both of which are diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 5.
  • the rear end 26 of the interpole I5 is spaced from the yoke or frame-member II by means of a plurality of magnetizable shims 21, the number of which can be varied, for the purpose of adjusting the efiective interpolar airgap 28 between the face 29 of the interpole and the periphery of the armature or rotormember M.
  • the numberofthe rear-end shims 2'! can be adjusted 4 by removing the bolts 30, and then reassembling the interpoles IS, with the desired number of shims back of them.
  • shunt-field winding [0 is provided with fieldwinding terminals which are marked E-- and E+.
  • the shunt-field winding ID will be separately excited, so that the field-winding terminals E and E-lwill be connected to a separate source of excitation, other than the voltage which appears across the terminals of the armature M, although my invention is also applicable to a self-excited machine, in which the field-winding terminals E- and E+ are connected across the supply-line and or across the terminals of the armature M, as indicated in Figs. 3 and 4.
  • my shunt-field winding ID is necessarily provided with a shunt-field excitation-circuit 3
  • the main armature-circuit of the motor is connected across a suitable constant-voltage direct-current supply-line, represented by the terminals and such as a GOO-volt direct-current line, for example.
  • the series compensating winding II and the series commutating winding l2 are connected as a series-winding circuit-portion l l-l2, which is in turn connected in series with the armature M, and all three serially connected parts are connected across the supply-line represented by the terminals and
  • the shunt-field winding I0 When the shunt-field winding I0 is separately excited, its excitation-terminals E+ and E- are commonly connected to a constant-voltage supply-line having a smaller voltage, for example 200 volts, although of course I am not limited to these details, in the application of my invention.
  • I provide a commutation-controlling means, for variably exciting the auxiliary commutating winding l3.
  • the auxiliary commutating winding 13 is made of much smaller wires or conductors, than the series commutating winding l2, and the auxiliary commutating winding I3 is adapted to carry much smaller currents than the series commutating winding l2.
  • the auxiliary commutating winding I3 is cumulative with respect to the main or series commutating winding l2.
  • I have shown excitationmeans or connections, for causing the excitation of the auxiliary oommutatingwinding I 3 to vary in response to variations in the excitation of the shunt-field winding I0.
  • the excitation of the shunt-field winding I0 is varied, by manual adjustmentsof the field-rheostat 32, so; as to vary the speed of the '--m'otor.
  • I mgwin'dmg l3 is fconnected 'irfseries' with the sliunt-field winding 3 l0, "and' said auxiliary commutating winding l'3'is shunted by a variable- 'resistanoe shunt33', whichservesas'an adjust- "ment-means; whereby to adjust the ratio of responsivenessof the "excitation of the auxiliary the fishery-cameramcommutating winding IS in dependence upon the excitation of the shunt-field windinglfl.
  • the ideal interpolar or eommutating excita- "tion-curve for a 'directcurrent machine, plotting 'the total effective ampere-turns on the interpole [6 (in excess of the excitation necessary for compensation) against the load or armature-current, is a straight line, starting at zero ampere-turns at -no-load, and running-up to a certain definite magnitude, or-narrow-range of magnitudes, at a predetermined load which is at least as large as full load, and sometimes somewhat higher than full load.
  • the commutating conditions must be right, not only at no load, but also at this predetermined load-value which is full-load or higher than full-load.
  • interpole-saturation definitely comes into the picture, and the interpolar excitation need not always be ideal for such conditions.
  • the motors to which my invention is applied are big machines, which are individually handadjusted, on the test-floor, to have the proper operating-characteristics, before said machines are sold or put into use.
  • the main or series commutating winding I2 is made of heavy strap-conductors, frequently having only one turn for each interpole, and the number of turns (and hence the ampere-turns), of this main series commutating winding l2, cannot readily be adjusted, except by means of the previously used commutating-winding shunt, or a cumulative auxiliary commutating winding l3, as in my present invention.
  • the total interpolar flux shall approximate an ideal value at the previously mentioned predetermined load-condition which is at least as large as full load, and if the machine is an adjustable-field variable-speed motor, involving the adjustment of the shunt-field current over a considerable range, say from full-field to a value which is from 15 to 25% of the full-field current, the ideal value of said total interpolar commutating winding ⁇ 3 at'full field and at short field of the motor; 'At the same time, the optimum value of the interpolar-airgap 28'is determined.
  • this interpolar-excitation maybe too'much-at' no'load, in which case it may benecess'ary to reduce the auxiliary-winding excitation somewhat, so as to obtain not quite the'best" commutation atfull load, but still giving preference to the commutation-conditions at full load, as distinguished from the commutation-conditions at no load.
  • the motor is then taken off of test, and the interpolar retaining-bolts 30 are removed, so that the number of shims 21 can be varied initially, once and for all, before the motor is shipped, as may be needed, to make the interpolar airgap 28 have the optimum value which was determined on test.
  • auxiliary-winding commutating-excitation shall be within the tolerable range during which commutation shall be satisfactory, both at no load and at full load.
  • my whole invention is possible because of the fact that these motors do not, in general, have just one exact value of interpolar excitation which is necessary to produce satisfactory commutation at any given load, but there is a certain small range of commutating values which are quite acceptable, thus enabling me to produce the effect of the old loadresponsivecommutating-winding shunts, by using an auxiliary commutating winding I3 having an excitation which is largely independent of the load.
  • a variable-speed direct-current motor including an armature, a shunt-type field-winding, a shunt-field excitation-circuit including means for varying the excitation of said shunt-type field-winding over a considerable range, a series compensating winding, a series commutating winding, an auxiliary ccmmutating winding, means for energizing the auxiliary commutating winding from the excitation-circuit of the shunt-type field-winding, the excitation of the auxiliary commutating winding being cumulative with respect to the excitation of the series commutating winding, and a ratio-adjustment means whereby to initially adjust the ratio of responsiveness of the excitation of the auxiliary commutating winding in dependence upon the excitation of the shunt-type field-winding, said motor having adjustable-gap interpoles which carry the two commutating windings, said adjustable-gap interpoles having a gap-adjustment means
  • ratio-adjustment means having such an adjustment that the degree of variation in the interpolar excitation under difierent excitations of the shunt-type field-winding is substantially as required for good commutation at a predetermined load-condition approximating a load at least as large as full load, while the excitation of the auxiliary commutating winding is within sparking-tolerable limits at no load, and further characterized by said gap-adjustment means having such an adjustment that the eifective interpolar airgap makes the interpolar flux approximate an ideal good-commutation value at said predetermined load-condition at a maximum excitation of said shunttype field-winding.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)
US293637A 1952-06-14 1952-06-14 Auxiliary commutating field Expired - Lifetime US2666882A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA509355A CA509355A (en) 1952-06-14 Auxiliary commutating-field
US293637A US2666882A (en) 1952-06-14 1952-06-14 Auxiliary commutating field
JP1061253A JPS302206B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1952-06-14 1953-06-13

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA509355T
US293637A US2666882A (en) 1952-06-14 1952-06-14 Auxiliary commutating field

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2666882A true US2666882A (en) 1954-01-19

Family

ID=76298910

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US293637A Expired - Lifetime US2666882A (en) 1952-06-14 1952-06-14 Auxiliary commutating field

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2666882A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS302206B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA509355A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3252068A (en) * 1963-06-28 1966-05-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compound direct current motor including an armature reaction speed control winding
US3366864A (en) * 1965-04-28 1968-01-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Auxiliary commutating field for direct current motors
US4511831A (en) * 1981-04-07 1985-04-16 Mcinnis Stirling A Speed control of a D.C. electric motor

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1188396A (en) * 1911-09-28 1916-06-27 Siemens Schuckertwerke Gmbh Method of and apparatus for regulating the commutating field in direct-current commutator-machines.
US1215786A (en) * 1912-10-22 1917-02-13 Siemens Schuckertwerke Gmbh Means for preventing sparking in direct-current machines.
AT98099B (de) * 1920-11-22 1924-10-10 Siemens Schuckertwerke Gmbh Elektrische Maschine mit Hauptstrom-Wendepolen, deren Erregung durch eine Hilfswicklung in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung des Feldreglers verändert wird.
US1910472A (en) * 1931-05-18 1933-05-23 James W Mcclun Burglarproof apparatus for banks
US2508151A (en) * 1947-04-19 1950-05-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Direct-current motor
US2519272A (en) * 1948-02-13 1950-08-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Direct-current generator
US2530982A (en) * 1947-04-16 1950-11-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Direct-current generator

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1188396A (en) * 1911-09-28 1916-06-27 Siemens Schuckertwerke Gmbh Method of and apparatus for regulating the commutating field in direct-current commutator-machines.
US1215786A (en) * 1912-10-22 1917-02-13 Siemens Schuckertwerke Gmbh Means for preventing sparking in direct-current machines.
AT98099B (de) * 1920-11-22 1924-10-10 Siemens Schuckertwerke Gmbh Elektrische Maschine mit Hauptstrom-Wendepolen, deren Erregung durch eine Hilfswicklung in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung des Feldreglers verändert wird.
US1910472A (en) * 1931-05-18 1933-05-23 James W Mcclun Burglarproof apparatus for banks
US2530982A (en) * 1947-04-16 1950-11-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Direct-current generator
US2508151A (en) * 1947-04-19 1950-05-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Direct-current motor
US2519272A (en) * 1948-02-13 1950-08-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Direct-current generator

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3252068A (en) * 1963-06-28 1966-05-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compound direct current motor including an armature reaction speed control winding
US3366864A (en) * 1965-04-28 1968-01-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Auxiliary commutating field for direct current motors
US4511831A (en) * 1981-04-07 1985-04-16 Mcinnis Stirling A Speed control of a D.C. electric motor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA509355A (en) 1955-01-18
JPS302206B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1955-03-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2235075A (en) Generator and power plant therefor
US2666882A (en) Auxiliary commutating field
US2394075A (en) Generator and power plant therefor
US3201626A (en) Differential bias auxiliary comutating field
US1736618A (en) Regulation of dynamo-electric machines
US2666881A (en) Auxiliary commutating-field winding
US2469662A (en) Dynamoelectric machine
US2474647A (en) Speed control of dynamoelectric machines
US2530982A (en) Direct-current generator
US3366864A (en) Auxiliary commutating field for direct current motors
US1646822A (en) Regulation of dynamo-electric machines
US2693564A (en) Interpole-winding shunting
US1814061A (en) Direct current generator
US873778A (en) Dynamo-electric machine.
US3200278A (en) Measuring and controlling dynamo-electric machine commutation
US2423040A (en) Dynamoelectric machine
US376120A (en) Dynamo-electric machine or motor
US2662999A (en) Electric motor of the metadyne type
US1357227A (en) Exciting system for commutating-poles in dynamo-electric machinery
US2645731A (en) Direct current electric generator having a large voltage drop
US1187180A (en) Means for improving the power factor of induction-machines.
US1447163A (en) Commutating means for dynamo-electric machines
US743082A (en) Dynamo-machine.
US1901218A (en) Constant current variable voltage electric generating system
GB270032A (en) Improvements in generators for electric arc-welding