US2660997A - Stove and ash discharge means therefor - Google Patents

Description

' Dec. 1, 1953 c. E. CHESSER 2,660,997

STOVE AND ASH DISCHARGE MEANS THEREFOR Filed 001;. 22, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet l I 111A I I t 4.5

1.5 I r y J 1 DJ/506142204)- i Ceca Z Cfiaaeafl Dec. 1, 1953 c. E. CHESSER STOVE AND ASH DISCHARGE MEANS THEREFOR Filed 001;. 22, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 c. E. CHESSER 2,660,997

STOVE AND ASH DISCHARGE MEANS THEREFOR Dec. 1 1953 Filed Oct. 22, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 C. E. CHESSER 'STOVE AND ASH DISCHARGE MEANS THEREFOR Dec. 1 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Oct. 22. 1949 v Patented Dec. 1, 1953 UNITED s'rArs-s TENT oarrlcs STOVE AND ASH DISCHARGE MEANS THEREFOR of Ohio Application .October 22, 1949, Serial'No. 123,040

2 Claims. (01. 126 -245) My invention relates to improvements in magazine heaters designed :for heating dwelling Places and other enclosures. Such heaters, m basic dealso, are old and well known. They comprise a magazine usually formed out of sheet metal or the like and lined with firebrick to form a combustion chamber for solid fuels, usually coal, although other fuels such as coke and wood may be used. The basic design also includes a top closure for the magazine. Access for the introduction of solid fuel is provided at the top usually in the form of a door which may be disposed in the top closure plate or in the side wall of the magazine near the top. A grate is provided below the firebrick lining with means for shaking said grate, and an ash pit is provided below the grate with access thereto. Primary air is introduced near the grate and secondary air is introduced into the upper portion of the magazine.

In heaters of this type it has beencustomary in the past to provide castiron'parts in the lower portion of the magazine for access to the ash pit, in the form of a door and a sleeve mounted on the magazine cooperating with the door. In order to prevent leakage of air around this access door and resultant disturbance to the proper combustion, it has been necessary carefully to grind these cast iron parts in order to effect a close fit between the door and the collar or neck to which it was hingedly secured. Such con-- struction necessitated unduly high cost, not only because of the large quantity of metal required for the cast parts but also because of the large amount of skilled labor required for machining the same.

An object of invention, therefore, is to produce a magazine heater of the general type heretofore described which may be produced at substantially r duced cost, and at the same time, will be more satisfactory from the standpoint of primary-air control.

I find that these results can be accomplished by entirely eliminating the expensive cast iron parts heretofore considered necessary for this type of heater and substituting therefor drawn metal-parts which may be produced to dimensions of reasonable accuracy while completely eliminating the expensive machining heretofore requiredfcr the castparts.

In accordance with my invention, I provide a heater with simple and inexpensive means for effectively sealing the magazine below the grate against passage or air, so that the undesirable leakage encountered with the old heaters includingcast iron parts is eliminated. By the use of such sealing means, which may be in the form of a simple sheet metal plate removably disposed below the grate, I am able to substitute for the cast iron parts previously used to provide access to the ash pit an inexpensive drawn or sheet metal drawer with afront panel which need not make a close fit with the casing.

My invention may be best understood by reference to the appended drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a magazine heater embodying my invention, with certain parts shown partly extended;

Fig. 2 is a detailed perspective view, on a larger scale, of the bottom part of the heater, with the parts shown fully assembled;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the bottom part of the heater, partly in elevation;

Fig. i is a fragmentary transverse section taken substantially along line i i of Fig. 3, with certain parts shown broken away;

Figs. 5,6 and 7 are fragmentary detailed sections taken substantially along the lines 5--5, B-.8 and i,'l, respectively, of Fig. 4;

, Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially along the line 8-8 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary vertical section detailing the thermostatic draft control.

The preferred example of magazine heater embodying my invention comprises a sheet metal casing it which is preferably in the form of a cylinder, the lower edge of which is bent inwardly to provide a circular flange l2 which is welded to a sheet metal base portion i i. Welded to the inside of the cylindrical casing i Q is a sheet metal annulus it having aninverted .U -portion l3 welded to the casing it as at [9 and an inwardly extending ledge portion 21! upon which rests a grate G of any suitable design, hence, need not beshown in detail. W Resting on top of the U-shaped portion [8 of the annulus i7 is a firebrick lining 22 which eX- tends from the level of the grate, as seen in Fig. 3, to the top of the casing l9. Secured to the top of said casing is a circular closure plate 25 whichis fianged over as at 25 to provide a snug ill; with casing it, which flange 26 may be seecured to casing Iii in any suitable manner. The closure plate 25 is provided with an access opening 2?, which may be of semi-circular or other suitable shape and closed by means of a lid 29 hinged as at (it to the plate 25 and provided with a suitable handle 3%.

Suitable means is provided for shaking the grate, such as removable crank 32 which extends through an opening in the side of the casing Iii and through the flrebrick, a hinged closure 33 being provided to close the crank opening when the crank is removed. A stack (not shown) for escape of products of combustion is provided in the upper rear part of the casing.

Primary air may be introduced into the heater below the grate as by means of a cast damper member 35 (Fig. 9) secured in an opening in the casing is by means of screws 36 or the like, a lid member 38 being pivoted as at 39 to control the amount of air entering the heater. The lid 38 is provided with an offset flange 40 which serves as an actuating crank. A metal rod 42 (Fig. 9) bears against the flange 40 and serves as a thermostatic control for the primary air introduced into the heater through damper 35, said rod being secured to the casing by vertically spaced brackets 45, 45. The rod is threaded as at 46, the upper bracket 45 being tapped to cooperate with said threads, and an ad ustment knob 48 with integral pointer cooperating with indicia on top of bracket 45 is fixed to the rod as at 49, a boss 50 being provided on the bracket 45 to limit rotation of said knob 48.

By the differential in the thermal expansion between the rod 42 and the heater jacket the damper is automatically adjusted to control the flow of primary air through the damper.

Referring now to Fig. 3 et seq., the base section it comprises a plurality of cylindrical portions 5a, !5b and 150 which are stepped apart, as seen best in Fig. 3, at pro ressively greater diameters from top to bottom, the lowermost portion I50 terminating in an outwardly flanged foot 52.

Formed with the uppermost portion l5a, as by a known metal drawing process, is a horizontal portion defining a generally rectangular opening 56 underlying and of approximatelythe same area as the grate, and adjoining inwardly and downwardly slopin walls 51 surrounding said opening 56. The sloping portion 51 terminates at the bottom in an inwardlv and upwardly turned flan e 5.8 which provides a downwardly extendin bearing surface extending around the 5 opening 56. While I have shown opening 55 as rectangular, it could be round or otherwise shaped.

The front of the base portion 15 is cut out to provide an opening 59 to receive an ash drawer 6E1, said drawer comprising a pan 62 and a front panel 63 having a handle 64. The front panel 63 is secured to the ash drawer by Z-shaped brackets {5i and is somewhat lar er than the opening 59 so as to provide an effective closure for opening 59, being curved in conformity with the base portion i5b. Thus, when the drawer is closed, said front panel will overlap the opening and inhibit passage of air into said opening. The pan 62 is substantiall rectan ular so that the front plate 63 is, in effect, a false front for the drawer, as seen best in Figs. 1 and 6..

It will be seen from Fig. 6 that the front panel 63 of the ash drawer has an inwardly rolled edge 63a.

Secured under opposite sides of the opening 56 as by bolts and nuts 65 is a pair of guide plates 5?. (See Fi 5.) Each of said guide plates has a portion which slopes angularly approximately in a parallel plane to the adiacent inclined plate P 5? and a pair of approximately horizontal extremities 61a and 61b. Welded above the flange 61b is a guide plate 68 of approximately inverted U-shape. Also secured by the bolts and nuts 65 is a plurality of resilient rods 10 having an eye H at one end and a journal portion l2 at the other end, upon which journal portions are rotatably mounted rollers 73. The lower extremities Blb of the guide plates 67 are apertured as at T4 for passage of the rollers 73.

An air sealing slide plate ll somewhat larger than opening 56 is arranged to fit snugly thereunder and is adapted to engage snugly against the rounded lower surface of flange 58. Said plate IT, as seen best in Fig. 5, is an inverted shallow tray with its four edges bent at approximate- 1y right angles to form flanges 18. The edges of the side flanges l8 engage the rollers l3, and since these rollers are mounted on resilient rods. it will be seen that the plate Ti is thus urged upwardly to make a close fit with the downwardly extending flanges 55 to provide an effective seal against passage of air from the ash pit into the firebox. Furthermore, the retaining members 53 serve to limit lateral movement of the slide ii.

The slide member H is provided with a handle portion 86 in the form of an arcuate member secured as by screws 82 to the front flange 78. Thus, the slide is accessible from the front of the heater for manual control.

In order to provide an enclosure around the ash pan 60 to facilitate removal of ash which might escape the pan, there is provided a bottom plate 85 (Fig. 6) having a down-turned flange 55a welded or otherwise secured to the front edge of the opening 59 in base member 55. Integral with said bottom plate $5 on each side is a side plate 87 (Figs. 3 and 6), said side plates each having an outwardly extending front flange said flanges being secured as by screws 85 to cars 89 bent inwardly from the base member. Integral with said bottom plate 85 at the rear thereof is an upwardly extending flange 96 which is secured to the rear of base member it by screws 92 or the like and serving as a seat or uide for the ash pan.

It will be seen that my improved heater avoids the expensive construction of former devices of like character. The slide 11 cooperating with the downwardly sloping walls 51 and maintained in close engagement therewith by means of the resiliently mounted rollers effectively prevents passage of air from the ash pit into the corrbustion chamber. Thus, the primary combustion air may be effectively controlled by means of the thermostat. Obviously, this arrangement permits the inexpensive construction I have provided for closing the ash pit, avoiding the expensive arrangements heretofore required. Practically all parts of my entire device are stamped or drawn from sheet metal.

When it is desired to eliminate ash from the grate, the slide is withdrawn by means of handle so that the cold ashes from the last shaking of the grate are dumped into the ash drawer. The slide is then returned to its original position and the grates shaken. This allows the user to handle cold ashes at all times. Further advantages of this method of handling the ash are that the coals and the hot ashes dissipate their heat into the primary air being used for combustion, thus affording a small but significant economy in the operation of the heater. Leaving ashes on the slide has the advantage of also seaiing any crack or air leak that might occur because of some unforeseen alignment or warpage to the functional parts of the heater.

Various changes coming within the spirit of my invention are susceptible of being incorporated without departing from the essential spirit or scope thereof. I do not wish, therefore, to be limited to the particulars of the accompanying illustrations and drawings nor by the language chosen in the foregoing description, except to the extent indicated in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a combination of the class described, a casing providing a combustion chamber for solid fuel and an ash pit thereunder with a grate disposed therebetween, a sheet metal yoke disposed below said grate, said yoke having a downwardly and inwardly sloping neck defining an open space approximately coextensive with the area of said grate, resilient bearing means spaced below said neck, a slide plate engageable with said bearing means and with said neck for normally substantially closing the opening of said yoke against passage of ash from the grate into the ash pit, said bearing means comprising a plurality of resilient arms having roller bearings journalled thereon, and means for preventing lateral displacement of said plate.

2. In a combination as defined in claim 1, an opening provided in said casing to give access to the ash pit, a drawer slidably mounted in the ash pit through said opening in the casing, and a panel carried by said ash drawer overlapping said opening, said plate being likewise movable through said opening above said drawer.

CECIL E. CHESSER.

References Cited. in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 331,455 Smith Dec. 1, 1885 346,804 Burkhart Aug. 3, 1886 586,886 Weiss July 20, 1897 1,045,359 Babbitt Nov. 26, 1912 1,109,395 Brenner Sept. 1, 1914 1,239,514 Perryclear Sept. 11, 1917

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