US2659834A - Electric discharge device - Google Patents

Electric discharge device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2659834A
US2659834A US123422A US12342249A US2659834A US 2659834 A US2659834 A US 2659834A US 123422 A US123422 A US 123422A US 12342249 A US12342249 A US 12342249A US 2659834 A US2659834 A US 2659834A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
electrode
cap
contact
electric discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US123422A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lemaigre-Voreaux Pierre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Claude Paz et Visseaux SA
Original Assignee
Societe Anonyme pour les Applications de lElectricite et des Gaz Rares Etablissement Claude Paz et Silva
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Anonyme pour les Applications de lElectricite et des Gaz Rares Etablissement Claude Paz et Silva filed Critical Societe Anonyme pour les Applications de lElectricite et des Gaz Rares Etablissement Claude Paz et Silva
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Publication of US2659834A publication Critical patent/US2659834A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/70—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr
    • H01J61/72—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr having a main light-emitting filling of easily vaporisable metal vapour, e.g. mercury
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0064—Tubes with cold main electrodes (including cold cathodes)

Definitions

  • My invention deals with an electric discharge tube which may be energized with either alternating or direct current and which is provided at each end with a cap which is of one of two types.
  • a cap of the first type which I shall name hereafter the neutral type, is such that when plugged into its corresponding socket the contacts of the cap continue to be connected to the same contacts of the socket irrespective of any turning movement of the tube around its longitudinal axis relative to the socket.
  • a cap of the second type which I shall name hereafter the compulsory type, is such that it can only be inserted into its corresponding socket in one particular way and when so inserted, the tube to which the cap is attached cannot be rotated about its longitudinal axis relative to the socket.
  • thermo-emissive electrodes for instance a lowvoltage fluorescent lamp
  • the rapid formation of a black spot on the envelope of the tube, in the neighbourhood of the positive electrode is noted.
  • This. spot is brought about by the deposition of the thermo-emissive materials of which this electrode is composed.
  • the materials are vaporized from the electrode as a consequence of the high temperature to which the latter is subjected when it functions continuously as an anode.
  • Discharge tubes have been made with a thermo-emissive cathode at one end and with a cold anode at the other end; these tubes do no exhibit the above-mentioned drawback but they may not be employed on alternating current and in use with direct current care must be paid to polarity when the tubes are connected up, since they may not be turned around end :for end, as the reversing of the electrodes ocoasloned thereby, would prevent them from work- It is an object of the present invention to devise a discharge tube which overcomes the drawbacks mentioned above.
  • an electric discharge device comprising a gas-filled tube, a cap at each end of the tube, both of said caps be- .ing of one of the types specified and each being .
  • each cold electrode is treated to remove gas therefrom prior to its being mounted in the tube. In this way treatment of the electrodes after mounting is avoided. This makes the manufacture of the tube appreciably easier and eliminates the necessity of having to use a high-frequency device for heating the cold electrodes during manufacture.
  • the cold electrode is located preferably substantially in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the tube and not further distant from the corresponding cap than the point of the neighbouring thermo-emi'ssive electrode the farthest away from this cap. In this way, the cold electrodes shut out very little radiation and do not change the length of the discharge path.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an electric discharge tube, provided at each end with a cap of the compulsory type
  • Figure 2 is an end viewof the tube, showing the cap utilized in this embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a transverse section of the tube, showing the arrangement of the electrodes located at the left end.
  • Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through one end of an electric discharge tube provided with caps of the "neutral type.
  • thermo-emissive electrode or cathode 2 connected to the cap contact 8
  • the cold electrode or anode 3 connected to the cap contact 9.
  • thermo-emissive electrode 4 connected to the contact I 0, and the cold electrode 5 connected to the contact ll.
  • Each thermoemissive electrode 2 or 4 is constituted by a spiral of tungsten wire coated, in the known way, with alkaline earth oxides.
  • Each cold electrode 3 or 5 is a small metal plateinthe form of a slightly curved segment. The plate is placed so that the chord thereof is-near the neighbouring thermoemissive electrode and approximately parallel to the axis'of the latter -(see Figure 3).
  • the average plane 6'or ,1-.(Fig.--1-),-of each cold elec- 3 trod is at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the tube and a little nearer to its corresponding cap 'than the iaxisy'of the neighbour in'g there mo-emis'sive electrode;
  • the normal working current is 0.5 ampere
  • use for instance, of coldelectrodes of which each face has asurface area of 1.5 sq. cm.
  • Each cap of the lamp is-. provided,-in-addition these contacts.
  • the tube may be withdrawr'i; turned't-hrough' a half-revolution about an axis through the centre of the tube *and" at right angles to the plane of Figure 1,whereafter the caps maybe inserted 'iiitotlie sockets ;"this operation' replaces one cath deep-y theother, an'dho'ne anode by the other.
  • the socket contact corresponding to the ridnta'ct 8: is connecte for instance, to the negatii e"c tiI'l'dli0136iand the contact corresponding to the contact llto thepositive. conductor.
  • These' metal ieces I3 and ⁇ 4 are the contacts of thtc'ap.
  • the" Contact pieces or the saine'kirid: capsule or ring are connected to electrodes of the same type: coldorthermoemi'ssive. Th'isresults in each contact of the sockets, in which arepiaceu thesecaps, remaining connected to an electrode of the "I'riety e when tl'i lamp is turfied'enfdfor'end; moreover, the form oftlfie contacts allows the tube to be turned around its longitudinal 'while leaving the same cap coritactsi'tg'ether h the same; socket contacts.
  • The'inven'tio'n applies equally to discharge tubes ofwhich :the envelope is not in the shape of an .elongatedcylinder, for instance when it is made of-sa longttuberandb'ent in the shape of a U or as a spiral; W
  • An electric discharge device comprising, a rectilinear elongated gas filled tube provided at eachend with an electrode of the thermoemissive kind and with an electrode of the cold kind disposed within the tube close to each other; two caps respectively fixed to the ends of said tube, eachof said caps' being provided with a plurality ofrcontactsurfaces' having the form of surfaces of revolutionhaving a common axis and being located in the prolongation of the tube in the axial direction or saidtube; and at each end-.of the tube a connection between the thermoemissive electrodeofthat end and one 'contact'surface of thecap of that end and a connection between thecold electrodeofthat end and anothercontact surface' of said end, each of said electrodes being connectedto only oneof these contactsurfaces, thosecont'acts of the two caps which are placed in the sameposition relatively to the other parts of the corresponding cap being connectedto anelectrode of the sameki'nd'.
  • An electric discharge device comprising, a rectilinear elongated gas filled tube provided at each end with an electrode of the thermoemi'ssive kind andwith an electrode-of the cold kind disposed withinthetub'e-close to eachother; two caps respectively fixed to the endsof said tube, each of said caps beingprovided with a plurality of contactsurfaces having the form of surfaces of revolution having a common axis-and being located in' the prolongation of the tube' in the axial direction ofsaiditube; at" each end of the tube a connection between the thermoemissive electrode of that end andione" contact surface of the; cap of that end and aconnection between the cold electrode or that end and another contact surface of said end, each of saidelectrodes being connected to only one of, these contact surfaces, those contacts of the" two caps which are placed in the same position relatively to the other parts of the corresponding cap being connected to an electrode of the same kind; and each cold electrode being substantially located in a plane at right angles to the Iongitudinal

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  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US123422A 1948-11-09 1949-10-25 Electric discharge device Expired - Lifetime US2659834A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR830220X 1948-11-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2659834A true US2659834A (en) 1953-11-17

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ID=9285826

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US123422A Expired - Lifetime US2659834A (en) 1948-11-09 1949-10-25 Electric discharge device

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2659834A (pt)
BE (1) BE491599A (pt)
CH (1) CH280029A (pt)
DE (1) DE830220C (pt)
FR (1) FR1010839A (pt)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3020393A (en) * 1953-12-31 1962-02-06 Aeg Base and socket for fluorescent lamps

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1814499A (en) * 1928-02-17 1931-07-14 Electrons Inc Circuits for discharge tubes
US1990175A (en) * 1931-05-29 1935-02-05 Gen Electric Vapor Lamp Co Gaseous electric discharge device
US2097261A (en) * 1929-04-30 1937-10-26 Spanner Hans Joachim Lighting device
US2292863A (en) * 1941-08-26 1942-08-11 Gen Electric Lead-in arrangement
US2355258A (en) * 1941-05-13 1944-08-08 Sylvania Electric Prod Ultraviolet fluorescent lamp
US2459543A (en) * 1947-06-14 1949-01-18 Gen Electric Base for an electric device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1814499A (en) * 1928-02-17 1931-07-14 Electrons Inc Circuits for discharge tubes
US2097261A (en) * 1929-04-30 1937-10-26 Spanner Hans Joachim Lighting device
US1990175A (en) * 1931-05-29 1935-02-05 Gen Electric Vapor Lamp Co Gaseous electric discharge device
US2355258A (en) * 1941-05-13 1944-08-08 Sylvania Electric Prod Ultraviolet fluorescent lamp
US2292863A (en) * 1941-08-26 1942-08-11 Gen Electric Lead-in arrangement
US2459543A (en) * 1947-06-14 1949-01-18 Gen Electric Base for an electric device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3020393A (en) * 1953-12-31 1962-02-06 Aeg Base and socket for fluorescent lamps

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE830220C (de) 1952-02-04
BE491599A (pt)
CH280029A (fr) 1951-12-31
FR1010839A (fr) 1952-06-16

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