US2657333A - Saw-tooth current generator - Google Patents

Saw-tooth current generator Download PDF

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Publication number
US2657333A
US2657333A US198576A US19857650A US2657333A US 2657333 A US2657333 A US 2657333A US 198576 A US198576 A US 198576A US 19857650 A US19857650 A US 19857650A US 2657333 A US2657333 A US 2657333A
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Prior art keywords
circuit
voltage
tube
saw tooth
load
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Expired - Lifetime
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US198576A
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English (en)
Inventor
Haantjes Johan
Valeton Josue Jean Philippe
Schenau Bernardus Willem Ingen
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
    • H04N3/10—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical
    • H04N3/16—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical by deflecting electron beam in cathode-ray tube, e.g. scanning corrections
    • H04N3/18—Generation of supply voltages, in combination with electron beam deflecting
    • H04N3/185—Maintaining DC voltage constant

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuitarrangement for producing a saw tooth current in a deflection coil of a cathode ray tube, and more particularly to such a circuit-arrangement wherein the voltage pulse occurring across the circuit during the fiy-back of the saw tooth current is rectified to produce a direct voltage for the supply of the cathode ray tube.
  • circuit-arrangements which may conveniently be used in television receivers in which the high voltage for the cathode ray tube is de-
  • the principal object of the present invention is to provide a circuit-arrangement in which;v
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a circuit-arrangement of the above type wherein a direct voltage for the supply of the cathode ray tube is substantially independent of the load variations and wherein the linearity of the saw tooth deflection current is substantially unaffected by load variations.
  • the voltage pulse is damped by a load which varies in a sense opposite to the damping variations? produced by variations in the cathode ray tube load.
  • circuit-arrangement according to the invention is based on recognition of the fact that,
  • this coil which is included in the output circuit of a discharge tube either directly or through a transformer, becomes damped out in its natural frequency, very high voltages being liable to occur across the coil of the said transformer, if the capacities in parallel with the coil or the transformer are low. With the use of one or more rectifiers this high voltage is rectified and, if necessary, multiplied.
  • the oscillation is frequently extinguished and the energy then left in the coil is usefully employed for the deflection circuit, which may be effected, for example, if an efficiency diode or a booster diode is included in this circuit.
  • the damping of the oscillation produced now varies with the load of the rectifying circuit.
  • this can be achieved by providing an additional damping which varies in an opposite sense to the damping produced by the load brought about by the cathode ray tube and which must be efiective during the fly-back but prior to the instant when the rectifiers are again out oil.
  • a decrease in direct voltage may occur owing to the impedance of the rectifiers due to any series resistances included in the rectifying circuit and to any stray inductances; this decrease in voltage can also be obviated, as will be seen hereinafter.
  • Figure 1 illustrates one embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the invention wherein additional damping is supplied
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the circuit arrangement according to the invention wherein additional damping is supplied
  • Figure 3 illustrates a modification of the circuit arrangement shown in Figure 2 wherein compensation for the decrease in voltage produced by the internal resistance of the rectifier circuit is provided
  • ures 4 and 5 show additional circuit arrangements according to the invention wherein use is made of booster diodes.
  • the direct voltage is obtained by rectifying the voltage pulses produced across the primary of a transformer I, part of which is included in the anode circuit of a tube 2.
  • a control voltage to be described hereinafter is applied to the controlgrid of this tube.
  • Deflection coils 3 of the cathode ray tube shown'here as aload resistor Iii, are coupled to the secondary of the transformer, the rectifying circuit being designed as a voltage doubling circuit and comprising rectifiers a and 5, capacitors 5, J and i! and a resistance 9. well known and is not material to :an understandin of the present invention, sortha't a detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • pose the'cathode .21 is :connectedto:ground potential through a resistance 22.
  • a bias voltage "taken from .a potentiometer .24 -.is applied "to the control grid of the left :hand'portion "through a resistance :23.
  • a bias yo'ltage taken from a :resistance '16 is tied ate the LCBIlIhOdE 215 of the right hand itriode portion.
  • this TtfiOdB portion is .only conductive when a voltage of sufiicient value is -operative:across the control grid and-this can only .occur'in the event of .a control voltage :and jnence of a load on the rectifyingeircuit.
  • the saw tooth voltage 30 is applied to the control grid of a discharge tube 3
  • the signal occurring across a cathode resistance 32 is fed to the control grid of a tube 33.
  • output circuit of this tube lagain comprises part of the primary of 'a transformer 34, to the secondary of which the deflection coils 35 are connected.
  • the rectifying circuit is, in this case, of simple construction and-comprises a diode 36 and a capacit-or
  • the cathode ray tube which in this embodiment .is .also' represented by a variable load resistance it, is connected in parallel with this capacitor.
  • a "control :voltage varying with this variable lead is taken froma capacitor 39, which is con- :nectedjn series with a resistance ll] in parallel with the series combination of the diode 56 and This control voltage is fed to a potentiometer circuit 4
  • the said :biaswoltageserves :as the anode supply source for .
  • the anode circuit .of the diode further comprises ;a capacitor 45, if necessary, in
  • Thedefiection current across the deflection coil of .thecathode ray tube is thennot impaired'by the variable load of the rectifying circui-tdueto the .cathode .ray tube.
  • the direct voltage obtained will then be substantially constant only if the rectifying circuit itself does In the -.circuitarran ement shown in Fig. 72, :not exhibit additional losses due to the resistance of the rectifiers, any series resistances and stray inductances.
  • the direct voltage will still vary when the beam current strength in the cathode ray tube varies, although to a materially smaller extent than in the absence of control.
  • the control described above may be intensified.
  • the quantity of energy after the first half period of the oscillation does not remain constant during the fly-back of the saw tooth current, but will increase when the load of the rectifying circuit increases, so that the amplitude of the deflection current increases. This increase in deflection current is undesirable.
  • circuit arrangements shown in, say, Figs. 1 and 2 enable a direct voltage source of low impedance to be obtained with normal control, provided that use is made of half wave rectification and, in certain cases, of not more than full wave rectification. Particularly in the case of multiple rectification, or if stringent requirements are to be fulfilled, the impedance occurring will be found to be a source of trouble.
  • circuit-arrangement shown in Fig. 3 is based on recognition of the fact that after the use of an additional damping of the kind described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, but designed so as to be more intense, in order to reduce the impedance of the direct voltage source to zero, the resultant energy difierence must be compensated by a second damping mechanism, before the residual energy is usefully employed for the saw tooth current.
  • the discharge tube which brings about the damping must be controlled in a manner such that, with an increase in the load a, the load b decreases to a greater extent than the extent to which (1 increases. In this case the losses in the rectifying circuit do not result in a voltage variation when the load 0 increases.
  • This may be realized by supplying to the control grid of the said damping tube a voltage pulse which has a controllable phase shift relative to the pulse from which the direct voltage is taken and the amplitude of which is also controlled.
  • the first-mentioned pulse is obtained in a manner similar to that of the circuit arrangement shown in Fig. 2 and the corresponding elements of the circuit-arrangements are referred to by identical reference numerals.
  • has produced across it a voltage pulse, by which the tube 33 is opened during the fly-back, but before the diode 36 is cut oil.
  • a pulse of the same polarity but of suflicient timelag can be derived through a potentiometer comprising resistance 32 by supplying the pulse to the control grid of the tube 41.
  • the anode circuit of this tube comprises an inductance 48,. a tapping of which is connected to the anode supply source.
  • a capacitor 50 is connected between this tapping and the other end of the coil, which is connected through a capacitor to the control grid of a tube 49.
  • the parallel combination of this capacitor and the coil portion concerned constitutes an oscillatory circuit, which is excited by the current passing through the tube 41.
  • the winding of the two coil portions is chosen to be such that the voltage across the control grid of the tube 49 is in phase opposition to the voltage across the anode of the tube 41.
  • the natural frequency of the oscillatory circuit in the anode circuit of the tube 47 is equal to or higher than twice the frequency of the oscillation which, during the fiy-back of the saw tooth current, occurs across the primary of the transformer 34, approximately a complete period of the voltage of double frequency occurs during this fly-back across the control grid of the tube 49.
  • the first half period which has negative polarity, does not produce any variation in the tube '39, since this tube had already been cut off with the use of a negative bias voltage derived from a potentiometer 5
  • the second half period is positive going and will cause the tube to be conductive after the threshold formed by the bias voltage is exceeded.
  • the value of the bias voltage and of the voltage fed to the control grid are such that the tube 49 is not opened until the diode 36 of the rectifying circuit is cut off.
  • the resistance 32 is also included in the cathode lead of the tube 49, so that across this resistance is now set up a second positive going pulse, which has a. correct time lag relative to the preceding pulse.
  • the value and the position of the first pulse which has to render the tube 2 or 33 con ductive for a short period during the fly-back, and also the value and the position of the second pulse in the circuit-arrangement shown in Fig. 3 will diiTer from those which will occur in the familiar circuit-arrangement comprising one of the said diodes. It should furthermore be noted that it is not necessary to combine the pulse voltages produced in the circuit-arrangements shown in Figs. 1, 2 or 3 with the control voltage, but that these voltages may be produced across separate resistances.
  • the saw tooth control voltage 52* is appliedto the con trol grid of the discharge tube 53.
  • the anode-circuitof this tube includes part of the primary of a transformer 55.
  • the end of the primary 5 remote from the anode of the tube 53 is connected not only to a capacitor '5! but also to the cathode of a booster diode 58, the anode of which is connected'to the secondary of the transformer. 'The'seriescornbination of the winding 54 and the capacitor '5'.
  • the booster diode 5% assumes a voltage of such during the stroke-of the sawtooth cur rent through the winding 56, that its anode is positive. Consequently, the diode becomes onductive, so that the capacitor becomes charged with such polarity that the voltage across the capacitor 5'! assists in theefiect of the anode-supply source. This has the advantage that the supply voltage may have a lower value.
  • a rectifying circuit may be connected to the part 54 of the pri mary winding, or, as is shown, to the total prtmary.
  • this circuit coinprises two rectifiers 59 and '68, three capacitors 6i, -52 and -33 and a resistance :Ed.
  • the variable load due to the cathode ray tube is again represented by a variable resistance 65.
  • a potentiometer 6% Connected in parallel with the series combination of the diode 5i and the capacitor 6
  • This potentiometer again supplies a control voltage which isrfed through a resistance 61 to the control grid of a discharge tube es.
  • the anode of this tube is connected to a point on the secondary of the transformer 55 which assumes a positive voltage during the fiyback, whereas the cathode is connected to the junction .of the winding 56 and the capacitor-57.
  • the capacitor 6% interposed between the control grid and the anode, together with the resistance 61 formspart of adifferentiating network.
  • Capacitor -59 maybe formed in whole or inpart byparas'itic capacity.
  • the essentialediiferenoe between the circuitarrangement shown in Fig. 5 and that shown in Fig. :1 consistsdn that .thecontrol voltage derived from the potentiometer 66 is fed directly to the control .grid of the tube .68 and in that the cathode lead of the tube comprises the parallel combination of a resistance 10 and a capacitor 7 i.
  • the time constant of this network is chosen such that the diode-conducts only during the fiy-back and prior to the cutting off of the'diodes of the rectifying circuit.
  • the booster diode 58 is now connected not to the secondary but to the primary of the transformer 55.
  • the discharge tube 68 is, again connected to a point of the secondary of the transformer which exhibits positive voltage during the flybacl. The other end of this winding is connected to the anode supply source.
  • the correct ratio between the energy obtained and the energy resupplied can be controlled by correct choice of the connection of the anode of the tube 68 to a tapping or a through winding of the secondary of the transformer 55.
  • An electrical circuit-arrangement for producing i a deflection coil of a cathode ray tube a saw tooth current having a rising portion and a :fly-back portion comprising means including an oscillatory output circuit coupled to said deflection coil to produce flow of said saw tooth current through-said deflection coil, means to rectify the voltage developed across said oscillatory output circuit during the fly-back portion of said saw tooth current flow, a load circuit having a variable impedance value and comprising a cathode ray tube coupled to said rectifying means, said *loaclcircuitprovidingdamping for said oscillatory output circuit inversely proportional to the impedance value of said load circuit, and means coupled to said load circuit to produce additional damping of said oscillatory output circuit during a portion of the flow of said fly-back portion of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil, said additional damping being proportional to the impedance value of said load circuit.
  • An electrical circuit-arrangement for producing in a deflection coil of a cathode ray tube a saw tooth current having a rising portion and a fly-back portion comprising means including an oscillatory output circuit coupled to said deflection coil to produce flow of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil, means to rectify the voltage developed across said oscillatory output circuit during the fly-back portion of said saw tooth current flow, a load circuit having a variable impedance value and comprising a cathode ray tube coupled to said rectifying means, said load circuit providing damping for said oscillatory output circuit inversely proportional to the impedance value of said load circuit, means to derive from said load circuit a control voltage proportional to the impedance value of said load circuit, means to derive from said control voltage a positive voltage pulse during the flow of said fly-back portion of said saw tooth current, an electron discharge tube having an input circuit and having an output circuit coupled to said oscillatory output circuit, and means to apply said positive voltage pulse to the input circuit of said discharge tube
  • An electrical circuit-arrangement for producing in a deflection coil of a cathode ray tube a saw tooth current having a rising portion and a fly-back portion comprising an electron discharge tube having an input circuit and having an output circuit including said deflection coil, means to apply a saw tooth input voltage to the input circuit of said discharge tube to produce flow of said sawtooth current through said defiection coil, means to rectify the voltage developed across the output circuit of said discharge tube during the fly-bacl: portion of said saw tooth current flow, a load circuit having a variable impedance value and comprising a cathode ray tube coupled to said rectifying means, said load circuit providing damping for the output circuit of said discharge tube inversely proportional to the,
  • An electrical circuit-arrangement for producing in a deflection coil of a cathode ray tube a saw tooth current having a rising portion and a fly-back. portion comprising an electron discharge tube having an input circuit and having an output circuit including said deflection coil, a first electron discharge system having cathode, control grid and anode electrodes, an output impedance element connected to the cathode of said first discharge system, means to apply an input saw tooth voltage to the control grid of said first discharge system, means intercoupling the cathode of said first discharge system and the input circuit of said discharge tube thereby to produce flow of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil, means to rectify the voltage developed across the output circuit of said discharge tube during the fly-back portion of said saw tooth current flow, a load circuit having a variable impedance value and comprising a cathode ray tube coupled to said rectifying means, said load circuit providing damping for the output circuit of said discharge tube proportional to the impedance value of said load circuit, a second normally
  • An electrical circuit-arrangement for producing in a deflection coil of a cathode ray tube a saw tooth currrent having a rising portion and a fly-back portion comprising an electron discharge tube having an input circuit and having an output circuit including said deflection coil, a first electron discharge systemhaving cathode, control grid and anode electrodes, means'to ap ply a first saw tooth voltage to the control grid of said first discharge system, an output impedance element connected to said cathode, means intercoupling said cathode and the input circuit of said electron discharge tube to apply a second saw tooth voltage to the input circuit of said electron discharge tube thereby to produce flow of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil, means to rectify the voltage developed across the output circuit of said electron discharge tube during the fly-back portion of said saw tooth cur rent flow, a load circuit having a, variable impedance value and comprising a cathode ray tube coupled to said rectifying means, said load circuit providing damping for the output circuit of
  • An electrical circuit-arrangement for producing in a deflection coil of a cathode ray tube a saw tooth current having a rising portion and a fly-back portion comprising an electron discharge tube having an input circuit and having an output circuit including said deflection coil, a first electron discharge system having cathode, control grid and anode electrodes, means to apply a first saw tooth voltage to the control grid of said first discharge system, an output impedance element connected to said cathode, means intercoupling saidcathode and the input circuit of said electron discharge tube to apply a second saw tooth voltage to the input circuit of said electron discharge tube thereby to produce flow of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil, means to rectify the voltage developed across the output circuit of said electron discharge tube k during the fly-bacl; portion of said saw tooth current flow, a load circuit having a variable impedance value and comprising a cathode ray tube coupled to said rectifying means, said load circuit providing damping for the output circuit of said electron discharge tube inversely
  • An electrical circuit arrangement for producing in a deflection coilof acathode ray tube a saw tooth current having a rising portion and a fly-back portion comprising means including an oscillatory output circuit coupled to said d eflection coil to produce flow of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil; rectifying means operative during a portion of the flow of of said fly-back portion of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil and inoperative during the remainder thereof to rectify the voltage developed across said oscillatory output circuit during said portion of the fly-back portion of said saw tooth current flow, a loadcircuit having a variable impedance value and comprising a cathode ray tube coupledto said rectifying means, said load circuit providing damping for said oscillatory output circuit inversely proportional to the impedance value of said load circuit, means coupled to said load circuit to produce first additional damping of said oscillatory output circuit during saidportion of the flow of said fly-backportion of said saw tooth currentthrough said deflection coil, said additional damping being proportional to
  • a load circuit having a variable impedance value and comprising a cathode ray tube coupled to said rectifying means, said load circuit providing damping for the output circuit of said electron discharge tube inversely proportional to the impedance value ofsaid load circuit, means to derive from said load circuit a control voltage inversely proportional to the impedanoevalue of said load circuit, a second elec tron discharge system comprising said cathode and an output electrode, a series circuit comprising a capacitive element and an inductive element coupled to said output electrode, means comprising a resistor
  • An electrical circuit-arrangement for producing in a deflection coil of a cathode ray tube a saw tooth current having a rising portion and a fiy-back portion comprising a first electron discharge tube having an input circuit and having an output circuit including said deflection coil, a first electron discharge system having cathode, control grid and anode electrodes, means to apply a first saw tooth voltage to the control grid of said first discharge system, an output impedance element connected to said cathode, means intercoupling said cathode and the input circuit of said first electron discharge tube to apply a second saw tooth voltage to the input circuit of said first electron discharge tube thereby to produce flow of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil, rectifying means operative during a portion of the flow of said fly-back portion of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil and inoperative during the remainder thereof to rectify the voltage developed across the output circuit of said first electron discharge tube during said portion of the fiy-back portion of said saw tooth current flow, a load circuit having a variable
  • An electrical circuit-arrangement for producing in a deflection coil of a cathode ray tube a saw tooth current having a rising portion and a fly-back portion comprising means including an oscillatory output circuit coupled to said deflection coil to produce flow of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil, rectifying means operative during a portion of the flow of said flyback portion of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil and operative during the remainder thereof to rectify the voltage developed across said oscillatory output circuit during said portion of the fly-back portion of said saw tooth current flow, a load circuit having a variable impedance value and comprising a cathode ray tube coupled to said rectifying means, said load circuit providing damping for said oscillatory output circuit inversely proportional to the impedance value of said load circuit, means coupled to said load circuit to produce additional damping of said oscillatory output circuit during said portion of the flow of said fiy-back portion of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil, said additional damping being proportional to the imped
  • An electrical circuit-arrangement for producing in a deflection coil of a cathode ray tube a saw tooth current having a rising portion and a fiy-back portion a first electron discharge tube having an input circuit and having an output circuit comprising a portion of the primary winding of a transformer, said transformer having a secondary winding coupled to said deflection coil, means to apply a saw tooth voltage to the input circuit of said first electron discharge tube to produce flow of said saw tooth current through said deflection coil, rectifying means operative during a portion of the flow of said fly-back portion of said sawtooth current through said deflection coil and inoperative during the remainder thereof to rectify the voltage developed across the primary winding of said transformer during said portion of the fly-back portion of said saw tooth current flow, a load circuit having a, variable impedance value and comprising a cathode ray tube coupled to said rectifying means, said load circuit providing damping for said primary Winding inversely proportonal to the impedance value of said load circuit, a capacit
  • secondelectron ischarge tubeand a point of one winding ofisaid' :ansformer torender said second. electron disbarge tube conductive during. therisingportion. f the flow of" said saw tooth: current; a. third. iectron discharge tube having. cathode, control rid and anode electrodes, meanstointereouple aid end of said eapacitiveelement. and the oath.-- de of said third electron discharge tube, means 0 intercouple the anode of said. thirdi electron. .ischarge tube and a point of awindingi of said: ransformer at a positive potential during. the ly-back portion. of said sawtooth current flow,v

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
  • Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)
US198576A 1949-12-31 1950-12-01 Saw-tooth current generator Expired - Lifetime US2657333A (en)

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NL2657333X 1949-12-31

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DE (1) DE888564C (en, 2012)
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2790108A (en) * 1953-08-24 1957-04-23 Raytheon Mfg Co High voltage control in television receivers
US2822503A (en) * 1953-06-01 1958-02-04 Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc Stabilized tv system
US2879447A (en) * 1954-06-18 1959-03-24 Rca Corp Adjustable voltage supplies

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2521741A (en) * 1950-09-12 Deflection circuit
US2543305A (en) * 1949-12-16 1951-02-27 Avco Mfg Corp Circuit for suppressing undesired oscillations in television receivers
US2545346A (en) * 1950-03-22 1951-03-13 Avco Mfg Corp Automatic frequency control for television receivers
US2561817A (en) * 1950-02-02 1951-07-24 Avco Mfg Corp Automatic frequency control circuit

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2521741A (en) * 1950-09-12 Deflection circuit
US2543305A (en) * 1949-12-16 1951-02-27 Avco Mfg Corp Circuit for suppressing undesired oscillations in television receivers
US2561817A (en) * 1950-02-02 1951-07-24 Avco Mfg Corp Automatic frequency control circuit
US2545346A (en) * 1950-03-22 1951-03-13 Avco Mfg Corp Automatic frequency control for television receivers

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2822503A (en) * 1953-06-01 1958-02-04 Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc Stabilized tv system
US2790108A (en) * 1953-08-24 1957-04-23 Raytheon Mfg Co High voltage control in television receivers
US2879447A (en) * 1954-06-18 1959-03-24 Rca Corp Adjustable voltage supplies

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DE888564C (de) 1953-09-03
BE500346A (en, 2012)

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