US2654165A

US2654165A - Carry-type scraper with front digger moving means

Info

Publication number: US2654165A
Application number: US766320A
Authority: US
Inventors: Erich H Lichtenberg
Original assignee: Koehring Co
Current assignee: Koehring Co
Priority date: 1947-08-05
Filing date: 1947-08-05
Publication date: 1953-10-06
Anticipated expiration: 1970-10-06

Description

4 Sheets-,Sheet l E. H. L lcHTENBERG CARRY-TYPE SCRAPER WITH FRONT DIGGER MOVING MEANS Oct. 6, 1953 Filed Aug. 5, 1947 .MQ o o w m .U IILI .1n v2.- um.

E. H. LICHTENBERG 2,654,165

CARRY-TYPE scRAPER WITH FRONT BIGGER MOVING MEANS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug.'

j 7% .a v INVENTOR/ www Oct. 6, 1953 E. H. LICHTENBERG CARRY-TYPE scRAPER WITH FRONT DIGGER MOVINGMEANS 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Aug. 5, 1947 INVENTOR.

E. H. LICHTENBERG CARRY-TYPE SCRAPER WITH FRONT DIGGER MOVING MEANS Oct. 6, 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 5, 1947 Patented Oct. 6, 1953 i nimm-MOVING MEANS' )irish .Iiislitsnbrm liiilwaukge, I M o l Y H A iailesigrialyifaw @3.158,11 about More speccgly volves thegmpldym tinuous recwprkorcapA ryk dlgg g' Secpidarynsciape naive out of they'arhgw `sa ated to veiect, ts`scon function, Working ping meanswhich..

A full under'ls'Landi"` A L A merits of the icones rub '..prl ed be had upon refrence to thfollbwn l description, @lidiaLheaaeoippgiigiri' 1i land in the saiddr Vparent hereinafter.

act-1,165

refer particularly to Figures 1 and 8 of the drawing. In these figures the frame or chassis of the machine is denoted I and comprise spaced channel beams or sides connected together at their front ends by a crossbeam 2, and connected at their rear ends by a crossbar 3, there being a second crossbar 4 spaced forwardly from the bar 3 and also connecting the side members or channels of the chassis or frame I. At opposite sides of the rear portion of the frame I of the machine are supported the hydraulic units comprising the vertical cylinders 5 which receive therein the piston units 6. the piston units E are provided with suitable means in the form of bearings 'I'for receiving the ends of the rear axle 8, which axle carries fixed rear wheels 9, rubber mounted, said wheels constituting the traction wheels of the vehicle and being fixed to the axle 8 so that upon rotative movement of the latter the wheels will revolve.

A suitable motor or engine i is supported on the rear end of the chassis or frame I being car'- ried directly on the

crossbars

3 and 4. This engine may be an internal combustion engine or any other suitable type of motor having a driving or engine shaft II.

The driving or engine shaft II of the motor I0 enters a transmission gear box I2 (see Figure 9) and operates the transmission gears in said box for transmitting the drive of the engine to the traction wheel operating shaft I3 extending from one side of said housing I2.

The transmission gearing in the housing I2 may be of any conventional type and is adapted under the control of a shift lever I4 leading upwardly from the housing I2, and the control of a second shift lever I5 connected by linkage and lever parts I6 and Ita to a shift yoke I8, to effect driving of the shaft I3 at high or low speed. The shaft I3 in turn is connected by drive chain I1 (see Figures '1 and 8), with the rear axle 8 for producing the rotation of the rear wheels 9 of my machine for traction purposes.

At the rear of my machne I provide a suitable seat I8 for the driver or operator of my scraper and adjacent to said seat I provide the steering wheel I9 connected by a rod 20, lever 2|, second rod 22, second lever 23, and transverse rod 24 to the shifting link 25 which is attached to the steering arms 26 offstanding rearwardly from the front pivoted axle 21 which carries the front wheels 28 of the machine, said wheels freely rotating on said axle. 'Ihe front axle 21 is directly carried or connected with the inner piston unit 25 of a hydraulic unit at the front end of the machine comprising the cylinder 30, said cylinder being fixedly mounted upon the front cross bar or member 2 of the chassis of my machine.

The purpose of the hydraulic unit 5 at the rear end of the chassis or frame I, and the hydraulic unit 30 at the front end is to enable raising and lowering movements of the frame I to be produced by introducing a iiuid under pressure into the

cylinders

5 and 30 to act on the

pistons

5 and 29 of

said units

5 and 30 respectively for elevating the same relative to the wheels 9 and 28. By relieving the pressure fluid from the cylinders 5 and 3D it will be obvious that the

pistons

6 and 29 respectively in said units will be permitted to move upwardly in the

cylinders

5 and 30 in which they operate, thereby to lower the frame I relative to the wheel base of the machine, all for purposes which will be more apsince the hydraulic units 5, s, ze and amare At their lower ends 'so I do not illustrate these features in any detail.

I now describe the scraper features of my machine. The rear or bowl scraper which I employ may be said generally to be of a known type somewhat similar to the construction employed in the Anderson patent previously referred to. Said rear scraper comprises the bowl 3l including a bottom 32 a back and suitable sides, said bowl being open at its front end, and equipped on its bottom at the front edge of the latter with the so-called rear scraping blade 33 raised at an angle to engage into the ground for digging and scraping operation as customary in this type of machine. The bowl 3I at its sides is supported pivotally at 34 to depending frame brackets or members 35 which extend downwardly from the side channels of the frame I. Any suitable means may be employed for rocking the bowl 3I forwardly on its pivotal supports 34 to effect a dumping action of the bowl after the well known manner. For this purpose I illustrate the use of hydraulic units 36 which units are connected at their rear ends to brackets 31 on the sides of the chassis I, the piston parts of said units being connected at 38 to the sides of the bowl 3I so that on introducing a uid pressure medium into the unit 36 the bowl 3I may be rocked upwardly at its rear portion for tilting dumping action of the material loaded thereinto.

Arranged on the front portion of the chassis or frame I of my machine is a carriage which comprises a side frame member 39 arranged near each side channel member of the frame I and equipped with supporting wheels 4Q arranged to travel in the adjacent channel portion of the chassis side frame member. Each of the carriage frame members 35 which are arranged generally vertically of the chassis or frame I is formed with vertical extensions 4I having horizontal openings therein, the openings of the said extension -being disposed to receive loosely passlng therethrough front scraper operating driven screw shafts 42.

It is noted that the frame members 39 of the frame I are connected together by means of cross shafts 43 so the two parts 39 operate as a unit carriage in moving longitudinally of the frame members I.

Arranged between the extensions 4I of each of the frame members 39 is a gear box 44 through which the adjacent screw shaft 42 passes in a direction longitudinally of the side members I of the frame. In each gear box is arranged a beveled gear 45 which is splined to the shaft 42 (see Figure 3), and the second beveled gear 45 which meshes with the gear 45 and is mounted upon the adjacent end 41 of a crankshaft 48 which spans the space between the side frame members I and is carried by the two gear boxes 44 associated with the screw shafts 42, the gear boxes having suitable bearings for receiving the end portions 41 ofthe shaft 48.

As seen best in Figure 2,' I provide, a con- .siderable .distance in advance of the bowl 3 l .and lits Vscraper 33 which is the primary scraper, .a secondary scraper -49 which ,involves .a substantially relatively vertical-scraper blade .5D mounted vat the lower vend of the body of `said member 49. The secondary scraper 49 is supported .on the crankshaft 4flii by .means of a plurality vof 4straps yor loop .hangers 57i that .freely support the upper portion of the scraper A49 upon the :cranks of said shaft 48, lthe latter being fgear driven by means of the

gears

45 and 46 previously described.

Intermediate its upper and flower-most portions the secondary scraper 49 'is .linked-lyconnected by means of the link members :52 attached at .one end to brackets on fthe-front Aface of the .scraper 49 and 'having their Vrear .ends pivotally attached to the lower end .por-tions d.of 'the side frames 39 Tof the carriage previously :described In Aother words the secondary or ifront 'scraper 249 kis mounted between lthe `frame .members 39 of the 1trolley or carriage that .operates longitudinally loi .the vfront portioniofmy scraping machine.

As previously stated the 'shafts 42 .are `screw shafts and the screw portions A of 1these shafts pass through screw threaded openings in the rear end portions of l'the 'gear housingsor casings :44, vand the front end portions of the latter (see Figures 3 'and 5) Afor 'the detailed construction. The forward ends `of the :screw shafts r42 .are .mounted in suitable bearing lmembers 253 on .the front lmain `cross -bar22 of the frame of `my machine. 'Ihe rear ends of the'shafts '42 extend to gear boxes 54 supported on the'side members of Vthe frame i near the Vrear portion -of the .frame which gear boxes lcontain ybeveled gears 55 .one on each shaft 42 fand :one 'zin :each f-box :54, the beveled gears 55 meshing-withgother beyeledgears '5s which are carried by -the .endsof -a -transverse .driven worm gear .shaftfS-l iextendingacross the frame oi my machine justat .the .rear-.of thematerial receiving :bowl 3l.

:As shown in.E'igure.8,.Eigure l2 and.Figure 13 the shaftl carries theworm gear 58.keyed thereto and arranged .-in housing .59. The gear 58 is engagedbyfa driven worm-lill ona worm Shaft .'i which enters the clutchlhousing 62 adjacent to the engine i9 and the transmissionfgear Ahousing i2, and the shaft 6I .carries a"loose .beveled gear '53 meshing with the `beveledgear '64 keyed to an output shaft 65 1that leadsinto .the upper rear portion ofthe transmission gear case I2. The said shaft 55 (see Figure 10) carries a lspur gear 65 which meshes with a spur -gear `61 which .is .a part of the 'traction drive .gearing in the transmission .case I.2.said gear61 initurn meshing with a spur .gear 68 orming-.one.o saidtraction transmission gears.

By operatinga suitablehand lever 69 on V.the clutch housing E2, whichlever 69 .is connected .by athrow rod lOtoa slidingclutch .member 'll in the clutch housing 62, .the loosely Amounted beveled gear 53 l.may :be clutched =to :the member .'lfl which is keyed-or splined on thefshaft 6.1,and `thereby thefdriveof theiengine shaft V-l-I .may be transmitted (throughLcertain .of the :transmission gears described .in reference .tFigure :.9 and .Fig- Vure 10, whereby to :drive the shaft 1.65.),:to .carry thefdrive'ofisaid .shaft 155 :to the shaft 6| 'which ldrives the cross shaft 51.

Having in View the constructionf.ofimyamachine as before set forth I will now describe thegen- -eral operation of the machine :under practical conditions of its use.

Referringlparticularly' to Figure `l'iof .the drawing it will be assumed that .under the..pow.er..o"f l earth as the machine advances. .At ,a .certain time in the operation of my machine .in its `forward or advancing Amovement especially under normal conditions .of lheavy diggingJ the traction effort .at the wheels L9 will ,be insufficient .to move .thefbowli ,anditsscraper 33 forwardly, ,at which time the wheels '9 will begin to ,spin .and the bowl cannot be further ,lled by the traction .operation. -It is ,at this time ,that I bring .into play ,the .operation `of my iorward ror secondary scraper 419 which normally occlillies the Vposition .in .which .it vis .shown in Figure 4, when .my .machine is .driven .forward for :the digging .scraping action of the parts 3| and V33. Assuming that my Inachne has now .come to rest ,due to Ltheinability to secure sufficient traction effort ,at .the wheels ,9 `to .move vthe ,bowl `3.I .-orward with V.its scraper 33, .the operator .of .the machine will operate the clutch lever 69 .to throw in the .clutch'll for con.- .necting the auxiliary driving shaft 65 with the wormdriving shaftl. In this manner .the screw shafts 42 will be .driven .,clockwise, we will say, looking .forwardly of the .machine ,and their first driving effect will be to operate in Vthe .screw threaded portionsof .thegear .housing 44 to .cause these gear housings to 4tra-velrearwar,dly along the shafts 42, thereby to rock the v scraper .member on the carriage comprising .the Y,frame parts 39 so that the scraper member Will assume the position substantially as lshown in ,Eigure ..1 as rto 'relatively tilted verticalarrangement. When the gear housings 44 .engage the Y.rearrnost A,of the extensions 4! .on the -carrierfaforesaid -the abut- .ment action will cause I-a .rearward .movement of the carriage carrying .the scraper `member 149 bodily with it, the wheels Lttl Itraveling in lthe channels -of the vside .members of :the 4frame il.

This vis the position in .which .the vfront scraper .49 is illustrated in Figure vJ. .in which Yit will @be seen that the scraper has been .moved rearwardly some distance and is engaged vin .theundug earth and is scraping this undugearth rearwardly :to .cause it toenter the `.bowl .3l lat the ,ffront ,open end of .the latter.

When the scraper '49 Lhas accomplished its necessary secondary scraping .operation 'excavating the virgin Aearthiin advance of .the scraper33 of the bowl 3 I .and yreaches .afposition in .which it Ais substantially closing -the :frontend'of the -bowl 3|, (see Figure v6), .the rearward .movement or drive ofthe scraper r49 .toward `the-bowl .3| :is discontinuedbyy operationfof vthe-levertil. Thefbowl 3| has now been 1illled with .a lfull payload vrap.-

proximately Itwo-thirdsof which wewill-say has been excavated :by fthe .scraper ,33 .-and -the jre- .maining third excavated and ..carried .into the bowl 3l by lthe scraperAB. Thereupon the fpressure fluid supplied tofthehydraulicaunits including the cylinders :Beand is=caused :tofopera-te the-pistons within said :units :toeffectfan elevation ofthe frame -which .is carried .by the Darts 5 andf3il, thus :to liftthe frame vertically rela- ;tively to the vwheel Ybase `of the .-rear wheels .'9 .and the front wheels.28, so vastofbring the'parts of `my machine .into substantially the positions which are illustrated-in Figure 6. 'The Scrapers are now disengaged-entirelyfrom .fthegground the scraper 49 acting as a closureor the 'elevated .bowl 3l, andthe Vmachine iisyreadyanow A to abe ldriven offto theplace ofidepositrof the: material.

The driving oft of themachineto-,the `siteawfhere the material is to be deposited from the bowl 3l, by high speed movement of the machine as contrasted with the low speed used for digging, will be effected by operation of the transmission gearing under the control of the levers I4 and I5 previously described.

When the machine reaches the place for deposit or spreading of the material, the rotation of the shafts 42 is reversed from the previous rotation which caused the rearward movement of the front scraper 49, and in this way the front scraper 49 is moved forwardly away from the bowl 3l so that the material in the bowl may be discharged therefrom by operating the hydraulics which are adapted to rock or tilt the bowl 3l into dumping position along the lines previously described, after a known method of emptying lthe said bowl.

At a certain period of the reverse or contraclockwise rotation of the shafts 42 the inertia of the carriage comprising the frame members 39 and supported parts will enable the gear housings under the reverse actuation of the shafts 42 to move forwardly relatively to the carriage parts until said housings engage the front eX- tensions tl of the carriage members 39 whereupon the front scraper 49 will be rocked to its normal out-of-operation position as seen in Figure 4, at which time said scraper will be located near the front end of the frame I, with its blade 50 elevated above the ground. The scraping machine having been brought back to the place of excavation and scraping, the operation of scraping for a fresh filling of the bowl 3i as above set forth will be repeated again and again until the excavating job is completed.

It is to be understood that any conventional clutch and transmission mechanisms may be employed within the purview of my invention, for

the purpose of effecting the driving of the trac' tion wheels 9 of my machine, and for the purpose of reversible operation of the driven screw shafts 42 by which the movement of the front scraper 49 is likewise controlled.

Of special importance in regard to the operation of the front scraper 49, it should be noted that when said front scraper is put into operation for movement in a generally horizontal direction, the driving operation of the screw shafts 42 will communicate driving movement through the

gears

45 and 46 to the crankshaft 48. Thus it is that while the scraper 49 is moved horizontally relatively speaking and in the direction of the bowl 3l the crankshaft through its connections 5i to the body of the scraper 49 will cause a relatively high speed vertical digging reciprocatory movement of the scraper 49. Thus it will be seen that the scraper 49 will break up the earth effectively as it engages the same and pushes the earth rearwardly in a scraping manner in the direction of the open end of the bowl 3l. In the vertical reciprocation and practically oscillatory movement of the front scraper 49 the links 52 move up and down so as to afford the necessary freedom of movement of the scraper 49 in a vertical direction, while said links act as compression members between the carriage frame parts 39 and the scraper 49, for forcing the scraper rearwardly as the carriage itself moves rearwardly along with the scraping blade and

body parts

39 and 59. Of course when the scraper 49 is caused to move forwardly in its non-digging movement it is at the same time vibrated or reciprocated vertically at relatively high speed but being up- 8 raised at the elevation substantially as depicted in Figure 4 the front scraper is ineffective to do any scraping and digging work.

While any suitable transmission gear unit I2 may be availed of, that shown in Figures 9 and 10 includes certain parts additional to those previously mentioned. The output shaft II enters the rear side of the housing I2 and has a bevel gear 'I5 which meshes with loose bevel gears 'I5 and 'Il on the Short shaft 18. Shaft 'I8 carries fixed small spur gear 61 previously mentioned as meshing with the gear 66; also carries larger spur gear 19 fixed thereon. Bevel gears '5 and Tl turn constantly when the engine shaft II is operating and these gears have clutch members thereon to coact with clutch members of a double clutch sleeve keyed to shaft TS. Sliding of the clutch sleeve 8U in one direction engages a clutch member thereof with that of one of the gears 'I6-1l to drive the shaft I8 and the shaft S5 geared thereto in one direction of rotation, which drive transmitted by shafts Si and 5'! will turn the screw shafts 42 in one direction. If the sleeve 89 is moved in an opposite direction, it will engage the other clutch member thereof kwith the other of the gears IEE-'Il and thus effect driving of the shafts 65, 6I, 5l, and 42 in an opposite direction to that last described, on proper use of the clutch means -59-79--1I as needed for operating shaft EI. Thus, reverse operation of shafts 42 for reverse movement of the scraper 49-59 is obtained.

The gear 'I9 meshes with a. -gear 8l and the gear 6l meshes with the gear 68 previously mentioned. Gears 8| and 68 are loose on the shaft i3 provided for traction wheel driving.

The shaft I3 in housing I2 carries a double clutch sleeve 82 operated by the shift yoke I8 and capable of clutching to either gear 8| or gear 68. Operating of the sleeves 89 and 82 in proper combination actions will enable rotation of the shaft i3 reversely, and at high or low speeds, for traction wheel driving.

As stated before, many different conventional f clutch and transmission gear units may be employed in lieu of those in the housings 62 and I2, respectively.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a scraper of the class described, in combination, a supporting frame, traction means therefor, a load carrying body on the frame comprising a bowl open at its front end, a rear digging scraper at the front bottom portion of the bowl, a front digging scraper in advance of and spaced from said rear scraper, a carriage mounted on the supporting frame for longitudinal movement, a crankshaft mounted on said carriage and having the cranks thereof connected to the front scraper for imparting a vertical digging movement to the front scraper, and means on the supporting frame for moving the front scraper horizontally thereof and simultaneously driving said crankshaft.

2. A scraper as claimed in c-laim l, combined with mounting means for the crankshaft, movable relatively to the carriage and operable by the driving means for abutment with the carriage to move the latter in opposite directions on the supporting frame, and connections between the carriage and the lower portion of the front scraper.

3. In a scraper of the class described, in combination, a` supporting frame, traction means 9 therefor, a load carrying body on the frame comprising a bowl open at its front end, a rear digging scraper :at the front bottom portion of the bowl, a front digging scraper disposed in advance of and spaced from the rear scraper, drivlng means on the supporting frame comprising a longitudinal drive shaft andl a transverse crankshaft operable from the drive shaft, connecting means between the upper portion of the front scraper and the cranks on said crankshaft, a carriage movable longitudinally of the supporting frame and operably connected with the said drive shaft, and movable relatively to the mounting means between the front scraper and the crankshaft and pivoted link connections ntermediate the lower portion of the said front scraper and said carriage.

4. In a scraper of the class described, in combination, a supporting frame, traction means therefor, a load carrying body on the frame comprising a bowl open at its front end, a rear digging scraper at the front bottom portion of the bowl, a front digging scraper in advance of and spaced from the rear scraper, a carriage mounted on the supporting frame for movement longitudinally thereof and driving means for moving said carriage forwardly and rearwardly on the supporting frame, mounting means connected with the front scraper to support the same on the carriage and connected with the said driving means, said mounting means being disposed so as to abut with the carriage to shift the carriage in its forward and rearward movements on the supporting frame on operation of the driving means, said mounting means for the front scraper including instrumentalities operated automatically incident to movement of the mounting means by the driving means for imparting vertical digging reciprocatory movement to the front scraper as it moves horizontally on the supporting frame.

5. A scraper as claimed in claim 4, in which the mounting means for the front scraper includes pivot link connections between the carriage and the lower portion of the front scraper.

6. In a scraper of the class described, in combination, a supporting frame, traction means therefor, a load carrying bodyV on the frame com'- prising a bowl open at its front end, a rear digging scraper at the front bottom portion of the bowl, a front digging scraper in advance of and spaced from the rear scraper, mounting means on the frame for supporting the front scraper for operation at a predetermined digging depth, and means to impart horizontal scraping movement of the front scraper toward the bowl and simultaneous vertical movement of said front scraper While moving horizontally, combined with a carriage mounted on the supporting frame, independently of the said body, and connections movably mounting the front scraper on the carriage, the front scraper movement imparting means being connected to the carriage.

'7. In a scraper of the class described, in combination, a supporting frame, traction means therefor, a load carrying body on the frame comprising a bowl open at its front end, a rear digging scraper at the front bottom portion of the bowl, a front digging scraper in advance of and spaced from the rear scraper, mounting means on the frame for supporting the front scraper for operation at a predetermined digging depth, and means to impart horizontal scraping movement of the front scraper toward the bowl and simultaneous vertical movement of said front scraper while moving horizontally, combined With a carriage mounted on the supporting frame, independently of the said body, and connections movably mounting the front scraper on the carriage, the front scraper movement imparting means being connected to the carriage, together with instrumentalities on the carriage operable by said movement imparting means to cause the said simultaneous vertical movements of the front scraper.

ERICH I-I. LICHTENBERG.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,891,266 Le Tourneau Dec. 20, 1932 2,396,287 Robb Mar. 12, 1946 2,406,300 Le Tourneau Aug. 20, 1946 2,528,550 Robb Nov. 7, 1950