US2345313A - Scraper - Google Patents

Description

.March 28, 1944. s. F. ARMINGTON ETAL 2,345,313

scRAPER Filed May 24. 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 ml @E 3 1|@ Umm. n n EN 2m @n hh ATTORNEYSl s. F. ARMlNG'roN ETAL 2,345,313

March 28, 1944.

v soRAP'ER Filed May 24, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIG.- 5

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IVENTORS STEWART F. ARMINGTON GEORGE E. ARMINGTON F'IG.- 6

ATTO RNEYS March 28, 1944.

s. F. ARMINGTON Erm.

' SCRAPER Filed May 24, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet '4 9 2 91 as se 9o a9 93 a n2 n H5 H4 FIG-7 lNvr-:NToRs STEWART F. ARMINGTON GEORGE E. ARMINGTONl FIG.

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ATTO R N EYS Patented Mar. 28, 1944 lUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SCRAPER Stewart F. Armington, Willoughby, and George E. Armington, South Euclid, Ohio, asslgnors to The Euclid Road Machinery Company, Euclid. Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application May 24, 1941Scrlal No. 394,964

4 claims.' (cl. :iv-12s) 'This invention relates to improvements in a carrying scraper adapted to dig, transport and discharge earth material.

Among the objects of the present invention are the provision of a very strong bowl construction with a tall piece integral therewith and extending rearwardly therefrom for the attachment of wheels and a bumper; the provision of a novel ejector gate propelled and guided by mechanism in the bowl tail piece; the provision of novel supporting means for a discharging ejector gate; the provision of novel adjustable supporting means between the'scraper bowl and a tractor vehicle, including a very rigid supporting structure on the tractor; a novel combination of improved steer'-vl ing mechanism with the scraper; and other improved ieatures which will be apparent from the accompanying drawings and description and the essential' features of which will be set forth in the claims.

In the drawings, Fig. l is a side elevation of our improved equipment; Fig. 2 is an enlarged top plan-view of the same; Fig. 3 is a fragmental sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Figs. 5 and 6 are enlarged views of the central or bowl portion of Fig. l, showing the parts in different positions with certain portions oi' Fig. 5 being shown in central longitudinal section for a clearer understanding oi' the construction; Fig. rI is an enlax-ged side elevation of the tractor shown in Fig.

1; Fig. 8 is an elevational view taken from the right-hand side of Fig. fl; while Fig. 9 is a frage mental sectional view taken along the line 9 9 oi' Fig. 2. l

Referring generally. to the structure shown in Fig. l, a tractor I9 supported on`a single pair of driving'wheels Il has atA its front end a lpower unit and at its rear end an upstahding rigid frame structure I2 to which are pivoted upper and lower links I9 and Il. 'I'he rear ends of these links are pivotally ,connected to thevscraper bowl or scoop I5 which has a tail piece I6 extending rigidly from its central rear portion. Be`- neath the tallpiece is a pair`o`f steering wheels Il which are controlled by means of a power cylinderv Il mountedV on the tail piece receiving itspowcr from a booster steering device I9 located on the tractor frame and controlled from the steering wheel 2li;

Referring ilrst to the .digging bowl I5, this com-` prises apairof` side plates 2l rigidly connected Wetherat theirforwardl ends by a hollow box box beam 23. A bottom plate 24 is rigidly connected between the side walls and is provided at its forward -edge with a digging blade 25 preferably curved slightly upwardly and forwardlyat its portions nearer the side walls. I'his blade is reinforced by a channel beam 26 placed just rearwardly of the digging edge and welded to the bottom plate 24. This is connected by plates 21 and 29 to the cutting blade providing a substantially triangular hollow beam Just back of the blade and giving a very strong construction at this point. A plurality of parallel reinforcing bars 29 are welded to the channel beam 26 at the iront end and to the box beam 23 at their rear ends and to the bottom plate 24 where they are contiguous. A cross bar 2l ties the bars 29 together alog the rear edge of the bottom plate. I'he box beam 22 comprises a plate 23a extending from side wall to side wall and forming the rear limiting surface of the bowl. 'I'his is welded to plates 29h and 29o which form the rear wall of the beam which isV completed atthe top by the plate .3| which forms part of the -tail piece. The side walls 2| are reinforced by plates 2in and 2lb extending along the forward and bottom edges respectively of each lside wall. The corner where the side wall terminates oppo;

site the cutting blade is reinforced by a cast' ing 2Ic in the shape of a digging tooth. The upper portion of each side wall is reinforced by channel welded to the sidewall with'the flanges facing inwardly. This forms in eiect a box beam along each side wall connected to the box beams 22 and 23 which forms a vers'rigidv trame around the entire upper edge of the bowl rigidly connected also with the tail piece I6 extending rearwardly. The space between the web of channel Il and the .side wall 2| also provides housing space for certain powerconduits as later described. The beam 23 has va central opening near its upper edge to receive the guiding and drive mechanism for the ejector gate to be later described. This opening isdefined on the sides by a pair of channels 32 which form the sides of the tail piece. These channels have their'langes facing each other and have their top flanges connected together by the plate 3| which extends from the rear of the tail piecev to the plate 23a of the box beam l23. The lower tlangeslo'f these channels are tied together by a 'plate' which extends through'the box beam '23 and isl secured to both plates 29a and 2lb. The channels- 32 are r tied together at their rear ends by a 'crosschannel construction to which is` attached a bump- 22 'at rearward ends by a hollotv'li` `el' 35.',4 I t be noted that the channels32 taper,

with lever I4.

The steering knuckle arms- 'I1 of the two wheels are connected together by the tie rod 1I. Thus when power is supplied to one end or the other of the motor Il the wheels are steered in opposite directions. i

The power supply for the motor Il comes from the booster steering mechanism I9 previously referred to located along the side frame of the tractor. 'I'his mechanism is more fully described and claimed in the copending application of George E. Armington, Serial No. 429,557, iiled February 4, 1942, for Booster steering device, to which reference may be had for further description if necessary. Briefly stated the steering wheel 2l controls a steering column 19 vwhich through the usual worm and gear: connection oscillates a shaft 99 which controls a pitman arm II. This arm is pivotally connected at 92 to a link s: running forward to a lever u. This 1ever has a pin and slot pivot at 95 with a link I6 secured to the frame of the tractor. Pivoted to the upper end of lever 94 is a piston rod Il carrying a piston 99 in one cylinder and a piston 99a in a second cylinder. Fluid is supplied alternatively to opposite faces of piston 99 under control of a plug valve at the point 99. 'I'he position of this valve is controlled by a link 99 connected The supply of motive uid to piston 8l is from a pump 9| mounted on the front of the tractor and connected by conduit 92 to one side of the valve at the point 99. Fluid passing through the cylinder for operating piston Il (or passing through a by-pass not shown) is available at the conduit 93 for controlling various hoists for operating the scraper. In the opera.- tion of this booster steering device when wheel 29 is turned the lead valve at the point 99 is positioned to send pressure fluid against one face or the other of piston 99 thus causing movement of the piston rod 91 in one direction or the other. Obviously piston 99a moves in a similar fashion and forces iluid through either conduit 94 or 95 depending on the direction of movement of piston 88a. These conduits as shown in the various views are conducted through the hollow space between channels 35 and side walls 2| and are suitably connected to opposite ends of the motor I8.

The means connecting the tractor and scraper vbowl previously brieily mentioned at I2, I 3 and Il will nowbe more fully described. The rigid frame member I2 as best seen in Figs. 7 and 8 comprises a pair of side plates 52a rigidly connected at their upper edges to a link supporting boss 96 and extending downwardly along the l inner faces of the main tractor side frame memto the plates I2a and to these plates is bolted the housing for the axle |92 which supports the drive wheels Il. This gives a very rigid construction because the axle housing, the torque tube 98 and the plate |99 form very strong transverse members and the plates |2a and ther tractor frame channels form very strong longitudinally extending members.

^ is rigidly secured between the two links.

On opposite ends of the boss 96` are pivotally secured the links I3 previously mentioned. Just aheadof these pivotal connections a tube |93 At spaced points near the ends of this tube are provided duplicate pair's of parallel ears |94 to which are connected the piston rods of the two Ihoists |95. 'Ihe cylinders of these hoists are pivotally connected to brackets |96 which are rigid with the frame at the rear end of the tractor. The

lrear ends of links I3 are connected at 49a to the ears 49 previously mentioned. 'I'he lower set of links I4 are pivotally connected at bosses |91 rigidly mounted on the frame'member I2. The other ends of these links are pivotally connected at |99 toears |99 welded on the box beam 22. It results from this construction that when pressure iiuid is supplied to the hoists |95 by means not shown, the links are raised to the position in Fig. 5", which is the carrying position of the scraper, or lowered to the position of Fig. 6 which is the digging position. Obviously when the points 49a and |98 on links I3 and I4 are in dead center position between the points 96 and |91,- respectively, and the rear axle 98, the distance between wheels II and I1 is greatest.f 'I'his condition is approximately true when the scraper is digging and this gives a long wheelbase when little or no maneuverability is required. When the parts are in the position of Fig. 5, however, then the wheel base is shortened and this is an advantage as it gives greater maneuverabivlity when the scraper is transporting material from one point to another. Y

It will be understood that the engine of the tractor is connected by means, not shown, to the driving wheels II. The engine and most of the weight of the tractor is ahead of the axle |93 andthis gives a greater driving effect upon the wheels II. Also the arrangement of the links I3 and I 4 and their connection with the tractor is such that the tractor remains approximately level in all positions of the scraper bowl.

It will be understood that pressure fluid power lines are connected from conduit 93 to the hoists |95 which vcontrol the vertical position of the bowl and also to the hoist 31a which controls the front gate and to the hoist 63 which controls the ejector gate. Suitable control valves are of course provided for these hoists, the description of which is not necessary here as they are well understood by those skilled in this art.

The bumper 35 is used when necessary to supply additional digging pOwer to the Scraper bowl by a pushing vehicle. With the construction here shown a very rigid connection is profvided from the pushing vehicle through the tail piece 6 and the box beam construction around the scraper bowl and thence through the side walls and bottom to the digging blade 25. All of these connections are direct and rigid and give very eilicient digging action.

However, it is sometimes desirable to provide additional power by pulling vthe scraper rather l housing I I2.

than by pushing. This has the additional advantage that it provides additional driving power on the wheels II causing them to pull better and prevents buckling between the scraper and tractor such Yas is likely to occur when a pushing vehicle is used. For attachment to a pulling vehicle I have provided a hook ||9 connected by a pull bar III to a spring take-up in the This housing has a vertical pivot at II3 in a clevis lever |I4 which is pivotally mounted in ears |I5 on the torque tube 99. A

control lever H6 operates thrughfa'ftoggle Ill to raise and lower the hook IIB as required.

Springs H8 extending laterally' from 'each side of housing H2 to the side members of thetractor frame allow swiveling action around the pivot vH3 with a tendency to return the hook III to central position.

It will be noted that the combined tractor and scraper vehicle has overall lines pleasing in appearance as viewed in Fig. 1 as compared with the vertical post'connection previously utilized between the tractor and scraper. Also lthe link connection here disclosed avoids the alinement problems formerly met with in the vertical column connection. 'The hoists |05 are in an inconspicuous position between the-tractor and scraper and there take up the'least room. They are also well protected against injury. The hoist 63 in the tail piece is also obviously well housed against injury. The ejector gate rolls back and forth with a minimum of friction and` is kept square in the bowl by means f the rear extension 51 housed in the long tail piece. The power for moving this ejector gate is applied directly to the middle of the rear side thereof and places the application of the electing force substantially at the point of maximum force requirements. This cuts down the size of the members required. The scraper bowl is substantially entirely unobstructed from above so that the scraper may be unloaded by a shovel if desired and the unit is equipped with speedy forward and reverse gearing so that it is especially adapted for use asl a shuttle unit or for short hauling.

l What We claim is:

l. In an earth moving scraper comprising a bowl having side walls and a bottom and4 open at the iront end, an ejector adapted to move from rear to iront along said bowl to discharge material out of the front end thereof, a hinged flapA having an edge pivotally connected to the bottom of said ejector and having another edge adapted to scrape along said'bOttom, said flap being arranged. to underlie a portion of the material in the bowl when said ejector isin its Lrear position. tracks controlling thevertical p0- sition of said ejector, said tracks rising from rear to front relative to said bowl bottom, and means for moving said ejector in a fore and aft direction, whereby said flap is gradually raised toward a vertical position during an ejecting action.

2. In an earth moving scraper comprising a bowl having side walls and a bottom and open at the front end, an ejector adapted to move 1 from rear tn front along said bowl to discharge material out of the front end thereof, tracks p extending along the upper portions of said side y walls, rollers on said ejector for supporting the latter on said tracks, said tracks overlying end portions of the ejector beneath them to hold said ejector in said bowl, and said ltracks being cut away at one end of said bowl to the full width of said ejector to permit insertion of the ejector into the bowl.

3. Earth moving apparatus comprising a scraper bowl, wheel means supporting said bowl, said bowl having sides and a bottom and being openable at the front end where said bottom is provided with a digging edge, an ejector movable alongksaid bowl from rearto front'to discharge material out of the front end of said bowl, a straight inclined track supporting said ejector for lifting the latter as it moves from rear to front ofsaid bowl, a hollow beam rigid with said bowl and extending rearwardly therefrom, a guide member for said ejector rigid therewith and enclosed in said hollow beam, and guide means for said guide member in said hollow beam and parallel to said track.

4. Earth moving apparatus asldened in claim 3, and including a cylinder and piston motor enclosed in said hollow beam and connected between said beam and said ejector to move said ejector in dischargingV direction by expansion of said motor. l

STEWART F. ARMINGTON. GEORGE E. ARMINGTON.

Nlarch 28, 1944. 1 1 ANDERSON l I 2,345,314

CUTTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 26, 1941 6 Sheets-shut 1 INVENTOR :n JAMES L. ANDERSON ATTORNEY

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